ABSTRACT
The radiological protection has the purpose of safeguarding the physical well-being of the user, preventing exposure to detrimental levels of ionizing radiation. This study introduces a novel, cost-effective category of lead-free elastomeric material designed for radiation shielding. The filler compounds utilized are notably lighter than conventional lead-based materials, enhancing user ergonomics during application. They comprise of a blend of barium sulfate combined or not with magnesium oxide with addition-cure liquid silicone rubber. To ensure the effectiveness of the radiation shielding, X-ray transmission measurements were performed for the different thicknesses of the materials and the results compared with Monte Carlo simulations. Additionally, the physical properties of the new materials, such as density, homogeneity, tensile strength, viscosity, and wettability, were also evaluated. The findings indicate that both materials fulfill the requirement for application in radiation protection garments.
ABSTRACT
Resumen Introducción A pesar de la evidencia sobre los malos resultados y riesgos del uso de inyecciones subcutáneas de silicona para mejorar el contorno corporal, esta técnica sigue siendo utilizada por personas no calificadas. Caso clínico Paciente de 56 años quien consultó por cuadro de celulitis en pierna izquierda. Se obtuvo el antecedente de intervención con silicona en cara, dorso de las manos, glúteos y piernas el año 2000. El cuadro progresó con múltiples abscesos en la totalidad de la pierna y sepsis. Se realizaron aseos quirúrgicos exponiendo planos fascial y muscular, se utilizó terapia local con sistemas de presión negativa y posterior injerto dermo-epidérmico (IDE). El manejo multidisciplinario se realizó en unidades críticas. Los resultados del manejo fueron satisfactorios, salvando la extremidad con cobertura total, logrando el alta luego de 4 meses. Conclusión A pesar de conocerse los peligros de la inyección de silicona, este sigue siendo un procedimiento frecuente. En nuestra paciente se manifestó como fascitis de la pierna, requiriendo tratamiento quirúrgico agresivo. Conocer esta entidad, su diagnóstico y tratamiento es fundamental para tratar pacientes con complicaciones graves.
Introduction Despite the evidence of poor performance and risks of using silicone subcutaneous injections to improve body contour, this technique is still used by untrained people, generating an iatrogenic entity with serious complications. Case report 56 year old female presented left lower extremity cellulitis. A history of previous intervention with silicone injections in face, back of hands, buttocks and legs in year 2000 was obtained. An inflammatory process progressed locally and systemically with multiple abscesses, subcutaneous thickness in the entire leg and sepsis, requiring multiple surgical procedures, reaching fascial and muscle planes exposition of the left leg. The patient underwent local therapy with negative pressure systems and subsequent dermoepidermal graft. Multidisciplinary management was performed on a critical unit. The results were satisfactory, preserving the limb with full coverage. She was discharged after four months of inpatient management. Conclusion Despite knowing the risks of silicone injection (industrial or medical) it remains a common procedure. In our patient she presented as leg fasciitis, requiring aggressive surgical treatment. Knowing this entity, its diagnosis and treatment is essential to treat patients with serious complications.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Silicones/adverse effects , Granuloma, Foreign-Body/surgery , Granuloma, Foreign-Body/chemically induced , Skin Transplantation/methods , Silicones/administration & dosage , Ulcer/chemically induced , Cellulitis/chemically induced , Sepsis , Lower Extremity , Erythema , Fasciitis/chemically induced , Injections, SubcutaneousABSTRACT
O aumento da frequência de procedimentos chamados "estéticos" tem apresentado diversas complicações. Muitas vezes realizados por profissionais não habilitados, usando materiais de origem desconhecida ou não autorizados pelas Agências de Vigilância Sanitária, estas intervenções podem trazer grande morbidade física e/ou psicossocial. Por imprudência ou negligência se tem observado aumento significativo de efeitos adversos gerando sequelas estéticas graves e de complexa resolução. Quando as reações são agudas não há maiores dificuldades para o diagnóstico, mas os efeitos tardios podem ser menos específicos, retardando a correta intervenção terapêutica. A despeito das restrições do uso do silicone líquido, ainda se observa sua utilização para preenchimento cutâneo. Descrever-se-á uma paciente que apresentou manifestações exuberantes e tardias pelo uso de silicone líquido no preenchimento dos glúteos. O objetivo do relato é alertar a possibilidade do granuloma por silicone, em lesões infiltradas em áreas de preenchimento, mesmo após longa data do procedimento...