Thermal comfort zones for starter meat-type quails

The objective of this study was to determine thermal comfort ranges, as evaluated by air temperature and black-glove temperature and humidity index (BGTHI), for starter meat-type quails. Nine hundred quails were randomly distributed into five environmental chambers. Each chamber was programmed to provide different temperatures weekly. The following thermal environments were provided: SC - severe cold, MC - moderate cold, TC - recommended comfort environment, MH - moderate heat, and SH - severe heat. The best live performance was obtained when quails were submitted to temperatures of 36-39 ºC and BGTHI of 87.1 ± 0.4 and 91.4 ± 0.6 during the first week of rearing. Temperatures of 27-30 ºC and BGTHI of 75.8 ± 0.4 and 79.9 ± 0.6, during the second week, and temperature of 24 ºC and BGTHI of 70.8 ± 0.5 during the third week of rearing.(AU)

Thermal comfort zones for starter meat-type quails

The objective of this study was to determine thermal comfort ranges, as evaluated by air temperature and black-glove temperature and humidity index (BGTHI), for starter meat-type quails. Nine hundred quails were randomly distributed into five environmental chambers. Each chamber was programmed to provide different temperatures weekly. The following thermal environments were provided: SC - severe cold, MC - moderate cold, TC - recommended comfort environment, MH - moderate heat, and SH - severe heat. The best live performance was obtained when quails were submitted to temperatures of 36-39 ºC and BGTHI of 87.1 ± 0.4 and 91.4 ± 0.6 during the first week of rearing. Temperatures of 27-30 ºC and BGTHI of 75.8 ± 0.4 and 79.9 ± 0.6, during the second week, and temperature of 24 ºC and BGTHI of 70.8 ± 0.5 during the third week of rearing.

Thermal comfort zones for starter meat-type quails

The objective of this study was to determine thermal comfort ranges, as evaluated by air temperature and black-glove temperature and humidity index (BGTHI), for starter meat-type quails. Nine hundred quails were randomly distributed into five environmental chambers. Each chamber was programmed to provide different temperatures weekly. The following thermal environments were provided: SC - severe cold, MC - moderate cold, TC - recommended comfort environment, MH - moderate heat, and SH - severe heat. The best live performance was obtained when quails were submitted to temperatures of 36-39 ºC and BGTHI of 87.1 ± 0.4 and 91.4 ± 0.6 during the first week of rearing. Temperatures of 27-30 ºC and BGTHI of 75.8 ± 0.4 and 79.9 ± 0.6, during the second week, and temperature of 24 ºC and BGTHI of 70.8 ± 0.5 during the third week of rearing.

Overview on the performance of Brazilian broilers (1990 to 2009)

This article describes the genetic evolution of commercial broilers between 1990 and 2009, considering live performance, in particular, in terms of weight gain and feed conversion ratio. In order to determine if the assumption that the relationship between body weight gain and feed conversion ratio is increasing and positive, information on all broiler strains reared in Brazil were collected from several companies present in five Brazilian regions. This survey aimed at evaluating broiler live performance as a function of genetic improvement with time. Broiler performance improved, as shown by the statistical differences obtained for the following parameters: livability, live weight, daily weight gain, feed conversion ratio, and production efficiency index between 1990 and 2009. However, live weight gain and feed conversion ratio are emphasized due to the significant differences found along the studied period.(AU)

Overview on the performance of Brazilian broilers (1990 to 2009)

This article describes the genetic evolution of commercial broilers between 1990 and 2009, considering live performance, in particular, in terms of weight gain and feed conversion ratio. In order to determine if the assumption that the relationship between body weight gain and feed conversion ratio is increasing and positive, information on all broiler strains reared in Brazil were collected from several companies present in five Brazilian regions. This survey aimed at evaluating broiler live performance as a function of genetic improvement with time. Broiler performance improved, as shown by the statistical differences obtained for the following parameters: livability, live weight, daily weight gain, feed conversion ratio, and production efficiency index between 1990 and 2009. However, live weight gain and feed conversion ratio are emphasized due to the significant differences found along the studied period.

Avaliação de diferentes programas de restrição alimentar na recria de matrizes avícolas tipo corte

Feeding management is estremely important for broiler breeders, mainly during the rearing period, when the birds develop their corporal structure. The production performance of the hens depends on the conditions they were grown. An experiment was done at the Poultry Section of the Animal Science Department of the Federal University of Santa Maria, to study the of feeding programs on the body weight gain, uniformity of weight and viability of broiler breeders. A completely randomized designe with 3 treatments and 4 replicates of 67 birds was used. In the fírst 2 weeks of age they were all feed ad libitum, and in the 2 subsequent weeks feed was controled daily. From 5 to 20 weeks they were submitted to the following feeding treatments: T1: 5-14 weeks = "Skip-a-Day", 15-17 = "Skip on day out of two and 18-20 = controled daily; T2: 5-8 weeks = "Skip-a-Day", 9-16 = 48-57-63 hours of feeding intervals and 17-20 = ''Skip one day out of two"; T3 = 5-20 " 48-57-63 hours intervals between feeding. The results show that the feeding program of 48-57-63 hours interval between feeding during the rearing period can be used with no negative effects on the parameters studied, and with the advantage ofno need of feeding during the weekend, saving handwork costs.

Para matrizes avícolas tipo corte o manejo de alimentação é de extrema importância, principalmente durante a fase de recria, período no qual a ave está desenvolvendo sua estrutura corporal. A resposta em termos de produção destas aves, depende da maneira como foram recriadas. Com o objetivo de avaliar diferentes programas de arraçoamento na recria de matrizes avícolas tipo corte, sobre o peso corporal, uniformidade de peso corporal e viabilidade criatória, conduziu-se este experimento no Setor de Avicultura do Departamento de Zootecnia da UFSM. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, constituído de 3 tratamentos com 4 repetições, tendo cada unidade experimental 67 aves. Na 1ª e 2ª semana de idade as aves foram alimentadas à vontade, na 3ª e 4ª semanas o arraçoamento foi diário controlado. Durante a fase de recria (5ª a 20ª semana de idade), as aves foram submetidas aos tratamentos (programas de arraçoamento): T1: 5ª a 14ª semana = dia sim, dia não ("Skip-a-Day"); 15ª a 17ª = 2 dias sim/1 dia não e da 18ª a 20ª semana, arraçoamento diário controlado; T2: 5ª a 8ª semana = dia sim, dia não ("Skip-a-Day"), 9ª a 16ª = método 48-57-63h e da 17ª a 20ª semana = 2 dias sim/1 dia não; T3: 5ª a 20ª semana de idade = 48-57-63h de intervalo entre arraçoamentos. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que, pode-se recriar matrizes com maior intervalo entre arraçoamentos (48-57-63 horas), sem haver comprometimento dos parâmetros avaliados neste trabalho, e ainda com a vantagem de não ser necessário o arraçoamento nos finais de semana, reduzindo os custos com mão de obra.

Avaliação de diferentes programas de restrição alimentar na recria de matrizes avícolas tipo corte / Evaluation of different feeding programs for broiler breeder females during the rearing period

Para matrizes avícolas tipo corte o manejo de alimentação é de extrema importância, principalmente durante a fase de recria, período no qual a ave está desenvolvendo sua estrutura corporal. A resposta em termos de produção destas aves, depende da maneira como foram recriadas. Com o objetivo de avaliar diferentes programas de arraçoamento na recria de matrizes avícolas tipo corte, sobre o peso corporal, uniformidade de peso corporal e viabilidade criatória, conduziu-se este experimento no Setor de Avicultura do Departamento de Zootecnia da UFSM. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, constituído de 3 tratamentos com 4 repetições, tendo cada unidade experimental 67 aves. Na 1ª e 2ª semana de idade as aves foram alimentadas à vontade, na 3ª e 4ª semanas o arraçoamento foi diário controlado. Durante a fase de recria (5ª a 20ª semana de idade), as aves foram submetidas aos tratamentos (programas de arraçoamento): T1: 5ª a 14ª semana = dia sim, dia não ("Skip-a-Day"); 15ª a 17ª = 2 dias sim/1 dia não e da 18ª a 20ª semana, arraçoamento diário controlado; T2: 5ª a 8ª semana = dia sim, dia não ("Skip-a-Day"), 9ª a 16ª = método 48-57-63h e da 17ª a 20ª semana = 2 dias sim/1 dia não; T3: 5ª a 20ª semana de idade = 48-57-63h de intervalo entre arraçoamentos. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que, pode-se recriar matrizes com maior intervalo entre arraçoamentos (48-57-63 horas), sem haver comprometimento dos parâmetros avaliados neste trabalho, e ainda com a vantagem de não ser necessário o arraçoamento nos finais de semana, reduzindo os custos com mão de obra.

Feeding management is estremely important for broiler breeders, mainly during the rearing period, when the birds develop their corporal structure. The production performance of the hens depends on the conditions they were grown. An experiment was done at the Poultry Section of the Animal Science Department of the Federal University of Santa Maria, to study the of feeding programs on the body weight gain, uniformity of weight and viability of broiler breeders. A completely randomized designe with 3 treatments and 4 replicates of 67 birds was used. In the fírst 2 weeks of age they were all feed ad libitum, and in the 2 subsequent weeks feed was controled daily. From 5 to 20 weeks they were submitted to the following feeding treatments: T1: 5-14 weeks = "Skip-a-Day", 15-17 = "Skip on day out of two and 18-20 = controled daily; T2: 5-8 weeks = "Skip-a-Day", 9-16 = 48-57-63 hours of feeding intervals and 17-20 = ''Skip one day out of two"; T3 = 5-20 " 48-57-63 hours intervals between feeding. The results show that the feeding program of 48-57-63 hours interval between feeding during the rearing period can be used with no negative effects on the parameters studied, and with the advantage ofno need of feeding during the weekend, saving handwork costs.

Avaliação de diferentes programas de restrição alimentar na recria de matrizes avícolas tipo corte

Feeding management is estremely important for broiler breeders, mainly during the rearing period, when the birds develop their corporal structure. The production performance of the hens depends on the conditions they were grown. An experiment was done at the Poultry Section of the Animal Science Department of the Federal University of Santa Maria, to study the of feeding programs on the body weight gain, uniformity of weight and viability of broiler breeders. A completely randomized designe with 3 treatments and 4 replicates of 67 birds was used. In the fírst 2 weeks of age they were all feed ad libitum, and in the 2 subsequent weeks feed was controled daily. From 5 to 20 weeks they were submitted to the following feeding treatments: T1: 5-14 weeks = "Skip-a-Day", 15-17 = "Skip on day out of two and 18-20 = controled daily; T2: 5-8 weeks = "Skip-a-Day", 9-16 = 48-57-63 hours of feeding intervals and 17-20 = ''Skip one day out of two"; T3 = 5-20 " 48-57-63 hours intervals between feeding. The results show that the feeding program of 48-57-63 hours interval between feeding during the rearing period can be used with no negative effects on the parameters studied, and with the advantage ofno need of feeding during the weekend, saving handwork costs.

Para matrizes avícolas tipo corte o manejo de alimentação é de extrema importância, principalmente durante a fase de recria, período no qual a ave está desenvolvendo sua estrutura corporal. A resposta em termos de produção destas aves, depende da maneira como foram recriadas. Com o objetivo de avaliar diferentes programas de arraçoamento na recria de matrizes avícolas tipo corte, sobre o peso corporal, uniformidade de peso corporal e viabilidade criatória, conduziu-se este experimento no Setor de Avicultura do Departamento de Zootecnia da UFSM. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, constituído de 3 tratamentos com 4 repetições, tendo cada unidade experimental 67 aves. Na 1ª e 2ª semana de idade as aves foram alimentadas à vontade, na 3ª e 4ª semanas o arraçoamento foi diário controlado. Durante a fase de recria (5ª a 20ª semana de idade), as aves foram submetidas aos tratamentos (programas de arraçoamento): T1: 5ª a 14ª semana = dia sim, dia não ("Skip-a-Day"); 15ª a 17ª = 2 dias sim/1 dia não e da 18ª a 20ª semana, arraçoamento diário controlado; T2: 5ª a 8ª semana = dia sim, dia não ("Skip-a-Day"), 9ª a 16ª = método 48-57-63h e da 17ª a 20ª semana = 2 dias sim/1 dia não; T3: 5ª a 20ª semana de idade = 48-57-63h de intervalo entre arraçoamentos. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que, pode-se recriar matrizes com maior intervalo entre arraçoamentos (48-57-63 horas), sem haver comprometimento dos parâmetros avaliados neste trabalho, e ainda com a vantagem de não ser necessário o arraçoamento nos finais de semana, reduzindo os custos com mão de obra.