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1.
Cureus ; 16(4): e58150, 2024 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38741819

ABSTRACT

Objective The objective of the study was to evaluate the use of the hepatospecific contrast agent, gadoxetic acid, for MRI in patients at a high-complexity hospital in Medellin, Colombia, from 2016 to 2022. Materials and methods This was an observational, descriptive, and retrospective cross-sectional study involving patients who had undergone MRI with gadoxetic acid from February 2016 to January 2022. The MRI studies were interpreted by two radiologists specializing in body imaging, each with at least 10 years of experience. The medical records of the identified patients were reviewed. Quantitative variables were presented using either means and standard deviations or medians and interquartile ranges, depending on the distribution of the variables. Qualitative variables were represented through absolute and relative frequencies. Results A total of 100 pharmacy records were collected, leading to a final sample of 75 patients aged between three and 91 years. The primary reason for imaging was to assess focal liver lesions in 58 patients (77.3%), with bile duct injury being the second most common indication in 16 patients (21.3%). A diagnostic alteration was noted in 69.3% of cases (52 patients). Among the 58 focal liver lesions analyzed using a hepatospecific agent, 31 cases (53.4%) were diagnosed as focal nodular hyperplasia. Conclusion Our study reinforces the clinical value of gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI in refining diagnostic assessments, particularly in cases involving bile duct and focal hepatic lesions.

2.
Cir. Urug ; 8(1): e302, 2024. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS, UY-BNMED, BNUY | ID: biblio-1550202

ABSTRACT

El Adenoma Hepatocelular (AH) es un tumor hepático benigno, su diagnóstico ha avanzado gracias a los avances en los métodos moleculares, facilitaron dividirlos en subtipos, con diferentes pronósticos e indicaciones terapéuticas. Se presenta el caso clínico de una paciente, de 40 años con hallazgo ecográfico de tumor hepático, la Tomografía de Abdomen y Pelvis voluminosa lesión sólida heterogénea, en la Resonancia Magnética compatible con Adenoma esteatósico (asociado a mutación HNF1 alfa). Se decide tratamiento quirúrgico, con resección de los segmentos 6 y 7. La Anatomía patológica concluye: Compatible con el subtipo inflamatorio. Los Adenoma hepáticos (AH) son tumores raros, solitarios de estirpe epitelial, benignos. Se presentan en mujeres de edad fértil y asociado al consumo de anticonceptivos orales y estrógenos. Estos tumores predominan en hígado derecho, con proliferación de células parecidas a los hepatocitos normales, pero desorganizados y sin arquitectura lobular normal, sin ductos biliares ni tejido conectivo de sostén. Los AH así como el resto de los tumores hepáticos benignos, han aumentado su incidencia de la mano con el avance de la imagenología abdominal. La importancia de la diferenciación con el resto de los tumores hepáticos benignos surge del potencial maligno de éstos. Podemos clasificar a los pacientes según el perfil molecular asociado a marcadores inmunohistoquímicos. Los estudios de imagen son fundamentales para la diferenciación tumoral en diagnóstico y planear la terapéutica. El tratamiento será individualizado, determinada por la clínica, la variedad de subtipos, y la evolución. Debido a la complejidad de la enfermedad, el tratamiento de la HA es uno de los mejores ejemplos de abordaje individualizado en unidades hepatobiliares.


Hepatocellular adenoma (HA) is a benign liver tumor, its diagnosis has advanced thanks to advances in molecular methods, which facilitated its division into subtypes, with different prognoses and therapeutic indications. We present the clinical case of a 40-year-old patient with an ultrasound finding of a liver tumor, a voluminous heterogeneous solid lesion on a CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis, compatible with a steatotic adenoma on MRI (associated with HNF1 alpha mutation). Surgical treatment was decided, with resection of segments 6 and 7. The pathology concluded in short: Compatible with the inflammatory subtype. Hepatic adenomas (HA) are rare, solitary, benign epithelial tumors. They occur in women of childbearing age and associated with the consumption of oral contraceptives and estrogens. These tumors predominate in the right liver, with proliferation of cells similar to normal hepatocytes, but disorganized and without normal lobular architecture, without bile ducts or supporting connective tissue. HA, as well as the rest of the benign liver tumors, have increased their incidence in the hand with the advancement of abdominal imaging. The importance of differentiation with the rest of the benign liver tumors arises from the malignant potential of these. We can classify patients according to the molecular profile associated with immunohistochemical markers. Imaging studies are fundamental for tumor differentiation in diagnosis and therapeutic planning. The treatment will be individualized, determined by the clinic, the variety of subtypes, and the evolution. Due to the complexity of the disease, the treatment of AH is one of the best examples of an individualized approach in hepatobiliary units.


O adenoma hepatocelular (AH) éum tumor benigno do fígado, seu diagnóstico avançougraçasaosavanços dos métodos moleculares, que facilitaramsuadivisão em subtipos, com diferentes prognósticos e indicaçõesterapêuticas. Apresentamos o caso clínico de umadoente de 40 anoscomachadoultrassonográfico de tumor hepático, volumosalesão sólida heterogénea à TC de abdómen e pelve, compatívelcom adenoma esteatótico à RM (associado a mutação HNF1 alfa ). Optou-se por tratamentocirúrgico, comressecção dos segmentos 6 e 7. A patologiaconcluiu-se resumidamente: Compatívelcom o subtipo inflamatório. Os adenomas hepáticos (AH) são tumores epiteliais raros, solitários e benignos. Ocorrem em mulheres em idadereprodutiva e associadasao consumo de anticoncepcionaisorais e estrogênios. Esses tumores predominam no fígadodireito, comproliferação de células semelhantesaoshepatócitosnormais, porém desorganizados e semarquitetura lobular normal, sem ductos biliares outecido conjuntivo de sustentação. O HA, assim como os demais tumores hepáticos benignos, têm aumentado suaincidêncianamãocom o avanço da imagem abdominal. A importância da diferenciaçãocom os demais tumores hepáticos benignos decorre do potencial maligno destes. Podemos classificar os pacientes de acordocom o perfil molecular associado a marcadores imuno-histoquímicos. Os estudos de imagemsãofundamentais para a diferenciação tumoral no diagnóstico e planejamentoterapêutico. O tratamento será individualizado, determinado pela clínica, variedade de subtipos e evolução. Pela complexidade da doença, o tratamento da HA é um dos melhoresexemplos de abordagem individualizada nas unidades hepatobiliares.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Adenoma, Liver Cell/surgery , Adenoma, Liver Cell/diagnostic imaging , Liver Neoplasms , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Ultrasonography , Treatment Outcome
3.
Clin. biomed. res ; 42(4): 348-352, 2022.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1513210

ABSTRACT

Introdução: O trabalho objetiva avaliar o perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes operados por adenoma hepático e os fatores de influência nas diferentes apresentações clínicas. Métodos: Estudo transversal descritivo com 21 pacientes operados por adenoma hepático. Dados de prontuário e laudos anatomopatológicos foram revisados a fim de estudar a relação entre perfil dos pacientes, apresentação clínica e características do tumor. Resultados: Sexo feminino foi predominante na amostra. A idade média dos pacientes foi de 32 anos e o IMC médio 25,9. Uso de anticoncepcional oral foi relatado em 93% dos casos, sendo 13 anos o tempo médio de uso. A presença de comorbidades teve associação com adenomas de maior tamanho, e diabetes mellitus foi doença mais frequente associada a este tumor. Houve associação clínica entre tamanho do adenoma e sintomatologia: pacientes com sinais e sintomas mais pronunciados apresentaram lesões de tamanho médio superior em comparação aos pacientes com sintomas inespecíficos ou ausentes. Conclusão: Os fatores já conhecidos associados ao Adenoma Hepático envolvem o sexo feminino, uso de contraceptivo oral de longa data, doenças do armazenamento do glicogênio, uso de anabolizantes e, menos comumente, gestação e diabetes mellitus. Neste trabalho evidenciamos o diabetes mellitus como a comorbidade mais frequente entre os pacientes com diagnóstico de Adenoma Hepático, relacionando-se a adenomas de maior tamanho na amostra deste estudo, o que sugere possível associação do diabetes mellitus na gênese dos adenomas hepáticos e também no prognóstico, visto que lesões maiores representam risco aumentado de complicações.


Introduction: This work aims to evaluate the epidemiological profile of patients who underwent surgery for liver adenoma and the factors that could influence different clinical presentations. Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study with 21 patients with liver adenoma who underwent surgery. Medical records and pathological reports were reviewed to study the connection between patients' profile, clinical presentation, and features of the tumor. Results: Female sex predominated in the sample. The mean age of patients was 32 years and the mean BMI was 25.9. The use of oral contraceptives was reported in 93% of the cases, with an average usage time of 13 years. The presence of comorbidities was associated with larger adenomas, and diabetes mellitus was the most frequent comorbidity co-existing with this tumor. Clinical association between the size of adenomas and symptoms was identified: patients with more pronounced signs and symptoms had larger lesions compared with patients with nonspecific or absent symptoms. Conclusion: The known factors associated with Hepatic Adenoma involve female sex, long-term use of oral contraceptives, glycogen storage diseases, use of anabolic steroids, and, less commonly, pregnancy and diabetes mellitus. In this study, we highlight diabetes mellitus as the most frequent comorbidity among patients diagnosed with Hepatic Adenoma, relating to larger adenomas in this study sample, which suggests a possible association of diabetes mellitus in the genesis of liver adenomas and in the prognosis, since larger lesions represent an increased risk of complications.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Adenoma, Liver Cell/surgery , Adenoma, Liver Cell/epidemiology , Liver Neoplasms/epidemiology
4.
ABCD (São Paulo, Impr.) ; 34(4): e1641, 2021. tab, graf
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1360018

ABSTRACT

RESUMO - RACIONAL: As principais indicações das hepatectomias video-laparoscópicas (HVL), inicialmente, eram nas lesões hepáticas benignas. À medida que a HVL se tornou mais popular, as indicações de doenças malignas superaram as de doenças benignas. Este estudo teve como objetivo discutir as indicações e resultados da HVL para o tratamento de tumores hepáticos benignos. MÉTODOS: De 445 HVL realizadas em um único centro, 100 (22,4%) foram para tumores benignos. Os autores discutem as indicações para ressecção e apresentam seus resultados perioperatórios. RESULTADOS: No total, 100 pacientes com tumores benignos foram avaliados, a saber: 66 casos de adenomas hepatocelulares; 14 de neoplasia mucinosa biliar; 13 de hiperplasia nodular focal; 4 de angiomiolipomas; e 3 de hemangiomas. O tamanho médio das lesões foi de 7,6 cm (3,1 a 19,6 cm). A taxa de morbidade total foi de 19%, sendo 9% classificados como Clavien-Dindo 3 ou 4 e não foi observada mortalidade. CONCLUSÃO: A HVL para tumores hepáticos benignos é segura e apresenta excelentes resultados. No entanto, as indicações para cirurgia são cada vez mais restritas, não sendo recomendável indicar a ressecção somente por se tratar de procedimento minimamente invasivo.


ABSTRACT - BACKGROUND: The main indications of the use of laparoscopic liver surgery (LLS), in the early days, were benign liver lesions. As LLS became more popular, indications for malignant diseases outnumbered those for benign ones. This study aims to rule out the indications and results of LLS for the treatment of benign liver tumors. METHODS: Out of 445 LLS performed in a single center, 100 (22.4%) were for benign tumors. The authors discuss the indications for resection and present their perioperative results. RESULTS: In total, 100 patients with benign tumors were evaluated. Specifically, these were as follows: 66 cases of hepatocellular adenomas; 14 cases of biliary mucinous neoplasm; 13 cases of focal nodular hyperplasia; 4 cases of angiomyolipomas; and 3 cases of hemangiomas with a mean size of 7.6 cm (ranging from 3.1 to 19.6 cm). The total morbidity rate was 19%, with 9% classified as Clavien-Dindo grades 3 or 4. No mortality was observed. CONCLUSION: LLS for benign liver tumors is safe and presents excellent results. However, indications for resection are increasingly restricted and should not be performed just because it is a minimally invasive procedure.


Subject(s)
Humans , Laparoscopy , Liver Neoplasms/surgery , Retrospective Studies , Hepatectomy
5.
ABCD (São Paulo, Impr.) ; 30(1): 21-26, Jan.-Mar. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-837573

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Background: The hypervascular liver lesions represent a diagnostic challenge. Aim: To identify risk factors for cancer in patients with non-hemangiomatous hypervascular hepatic lesions in radiologically normal liver. Method: This prospective study included patients with hypervascular liver lesions in radiologically normal liver. The diagnosis was made by biopsy or was presumed on the basis of radiologic stability in follow-up period of one year. Cirrhosis or patients with typical imaging characteristics of haemangioma were excluded. Results: Eighty-eight patients were included. The average age was 42.4. The lesions were unique and were between 2-5 cm in size in most cases. Liver biopsy was performed in approximately 1/3 of cases. The lesions were benign or most likely benign in 81.8%, while cancer was diagnosed in 12.5% of cases. Univariate analysis showed that age >45 years (p< 0.001), personal history of cancer (p=0.020), presence of >3 nodules (p=0.003) and elevated alkaline phosphatase (p=0.013) were significant risk factors for cancer. Conclusion: It is safe to observe hypervascular liver lesions in normal liver in patients up to 45 years, normal alanine aminotransaminase, up to three nodules and no personal history of cancer. Lesion biopsies are safe in patients with atypical lesions and define the treatment to be established for most of these patients.


RESUMO Racional: As lesões hepáticas hipervasculares representam um desafio diagnóstico. Objetivo: Identificar fatores de risco para câncer em pacientes portadores de lesão hepática hipervascular não-hemangiomatosa em fígado radiologicamente normal. Método: Estudo prospectivo que incluiu pacientes com lesões hepáticas hipervasculares em que o diagnóstico final foi obtido por exame anatomopatológico ou, presumido a partir de seguimento mínimo de um ano. Diagnóstico prévio de cirrose ou radiológico de hemangioma foram considerados critérios de exclusão. Resultados: Oitenta e oito pacientes foram incluídos. A relação mulher/homem foi de 5,3/1. A idade média foi de 42,4 anos. Na maior parte das vezes as lesões hepáticas foram únicas e com tamanho entre 2-5 cm. Em aproximadamente 1/3 dos casos foi realizada biópsia hepática. Em 81,8% dos casos as lesões eram benignas ou provavelmente benignas enquanto que em 12,5% dos casos o diagnóstico foi de câncer. A análise univariada mostrou que idade superior a 45 anos (p<0,001), antecedente familiar pessoal de câncer (p=0,020), presença de mais de três nódulos (p=0,003) e elevação da alanina aminotransaminase (p=0,013) foram fatores de risco relevantes para o câncer. Conclusões: È indicado observar lesões hepáticas hipervasculares em fígado normal em pacientes com até 45 anos, alanina aminotransaminase normal, com até três nódulos e sem antecedente pessoal de câncer. Para os demais com lesões atípicas, a biópsia da lesão é segura e define na maior parte dos pacientes o tratamento a ser instituído.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Liver/blood supply , Liver/diagnostic imaging , Liver Diseases/pathology , Liver Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Prospective Studies , Risk Factors
6.
Int. braz. j. urol ; 40(1): 118-122, Jan-Feb/2014. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-704172

ABSTRACT

Main findings: We reported a case of new-onset, multi-focal hepatic adenoma in an 18 year-old man with no classic risk factors occurring forty months after a renal transplant from a cadaver donor. Histopathology of the adenoma was examined and genotype and phenotype were also analyzed. Histopathologic examination of the adenoma showed no malignancy. Genotype and phenotype analysis revealed no HNF1α or β-catenin gene mutations and no inflammatory infiltration. The patient was well and disease-free postoperatively. Case hypothesis: Hepatic adenoma occurs mostly in those taking oral contraceptives or androgenic-anabolic steroids or in those with hereditary diseases. Hepatic adenoma in a renal transplant recipient is rare and has only been reported in one case with glycogen storage disease type Ia. Immunosuppressive treatment might have contributed to the development of the neoplasm. Promising future implications: Although malignant change occurs most often in β-catenin gene mutation hepatic adenoma, surgical resection of the adenoma in a patient under immunosuppressive therapy should be considered in order to avoid the possibility of malignant transformation or hemorrhagic rupture. .


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Humans , Male , Adenoma/pathology , Kidney Transplantation , Liver Neoplasms/pathology , Tissue Donors , Adenoma/genetics , Biopsy , Cadaver , /genetics , Immunohistochemistry , Immunosuppressive Agents/adverse effects , Liver Neoplasms/genetics , beta Catenin/genetics
7.
Rev. colomb. radiol ; 25(2): 3934-3941, 2014. ilus, tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-995201

ABSTRACT

Objetivos: El enfoque terapéutico de los adenomas ha cambiado en los últimos años, en especial por las posibilidades de caracterización por medio de las imágenes diagnósticas, principalmente la resonancia magnética (RM), que en la mayoría de los casos ha permitido una aproximación al tipo de adenoma. Métodos: Se realizó una revisión de la literatura reciente con el fin de describir las características imagenológicas de los tipos de adenomas, en las diferentes técnicas de imágenes, con principal énfasis en los hallazgos imagenológicos en resonancia magnética, lo cual permite diferenciar entre los subtipos histológicos de adenomas y ayuda a orientar el manejo médico o quirúrgico. Resultados: En la literatura se describe la adenomatosis hepática como una entidad frecuente en mujeres, de características imagenológicas atípicas. Además, se mencionan las características de los hallazgos por RM y su correlación con los tipos de adenomas, variedad esteatósica, peliótica y mixta. Conclusión: De acuerdo con la clasificación basada en las características genéticas, histopatológicas e imagenológicas de los diferentes subtipos de AHC y según la sintomatología, se podría determinar la historia natural y definir el pronóstico y las opciones terapéuticas o de seguimiento imagenológico.


Objective: The therapeutic approach of adenomas has changed in recent years, especially because of the possibilities for characterization by means of diagnostic imaging methods, mainly magnetic resonance imaging, which allowed us, in most cases, to approach the type of adenoma. Methods: A review of the recent literature was conducted in order to describe the characteristic imaging features of the types of adenomas in the different imaging techniques, with an emphasis on MRI, which allows differentiation between histologic subtypes of adenomas. In addition, it also helps guide medical or surgical management. Results: In the literature, we described hepatic adenomatosis as an entity which is frequently found in women, with atypical imaging features. In addition, we mentioned the characteristics of MRI findings and their correlation with the types of adenomas, inflammatory, steatosic, ß-catenin mutated and mixed. Conclusion: According to the classification based on genetic, histopathological and imaging features of the different subtypes of AHC, we could determine the natural history, define prognosis and the therapeutic options or imaging follow-up.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adenoma, Liver Cell , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Adenoma, Liver Cell
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