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1.
Psicooncología (Pozuelo de Alarcón) ; 20(2): 391-402, 26 oct. 2023. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-226873

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: se presenta un caso clínico de una paciente con linfoma B difuso candidata a recibir tratamiento de células CART, con la que se utiliza un programa de inoculación de estrés debido a las características de la enfermedad y del tratamiento médico, además de la incertidumbre asociada. Metodología: programa de diez sesiones de intervención que se divide en tres fases: conceptualización, que incluye el modelo teórico de estrés y de intolerancia a la incertidumbre; adquisición de estrategias y ensayo que incorpora técnicas de desactivación y cognitivas, planificación de actividades y entrenamiento en habilidades de comunicación; consolidación. Resultados: se evidencia una reducción del malestar emocional, de la sintomatología de ansiedad y bajo estado de ánimo, así como de los niveles de fatiga. Respecto a las estrategias de afrontamiento, tras la intervención psicológica se mantiene el estilo de preocupación ansiosa, aunque se observa un mejor uso de recursos asociados al afrontamiento de espíritu de lucha. Conclusión: la aplicación sistemática de programas para el manejo del estrés puede suponer una estrategia útil y efectiva para la mejora de la salud mental de los pacientes que van a someterse a tratamiento de células CART (AU)


Objective: A case report is presented of a patient with diffuse B lymphoma who is a candidate for CART cell therapy using a stress inoculation program due to the characteristics of the disease and medical treatment and the associated uncertainty. Methodology: psychological program intervention with 10 sessions, divided into three phases: Conceptualization, including the theoretical model of stress and uncertainty intolerance; strategy acquisition and rehearsal, incorporating deactivation and cognitive techniques, activity planning and communication skills training; consolidation. Results: there was a reduction in emotional distress, anxiety symptoms and mood, as well as fatigue levels. In terms of coping strategies, after the psychological intervention, the anxious worrying style is maintained, although a better use of the resources associated with coping with a fighting spirit is observed. Conclusion: Systematic application of stress management programs can be a useful and effective strategy for improving the mental health of patients undergoing CART cell treatment (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Aged , Lymphoma, B-Cell/therapy , Uncertainty , Psychotherapy/methods , Stress, Psychological/prevention & control
2.
Med. paliat ; 30(3): 171-178, Juli-Sep. 2023. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-232527

ABSTRACT

Antecedentes y objetivo: Los pacientes en cuidados paliativos experimentan con frecuencia malestar emocional al final de la vida, lo que genera sufrimiento y plantea desafíos para los profesionales de la salud, ya que los tratamientos convencionales tienen un beneficio limitado. Nuestro objetivo fue revisar sistemáticamente la evidencia sobre sustancias psicodélicas que han surgido como alternativa para el manejo del malestar emocional al final de la vida. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó una revisión sistemática en PubMed, Ovid Medline y CINHAL hasta el 13 de septiembre de 2022. Se incluyeron artículos originales con un diseño controlado aleatorizado que reportaran el uso de psicodélicos (psilocibina, ácido lisérgico de dietilamida, dipropiltriptamina o ayahuasca) en el tratamiento de síntomas de malestar emocional de pacientes al final de la vida. Resultados: Se encontraron 6 ensayos clínicos controlados referentes al tema. Cuatro evaluaron la psilocibina en 113 pacientes y reportaron reducción del malestar emocional dado por síntomas de ansiedad, depresión, desmoralización, desesperanza e ideación suicida en los pacientes paliativos. Dos estudios evaluaron el ácido lisérgico de dietilamida en 54 pacientes y hallaron una reducción en la ansiedad, depresión, temor a la muerte y mejoría en la calidad de vida. No se encontró ningún estudio que evaluara la dipropiltriptamina o la ayahuasca en cuidados paliativos. Ninguno de los psicodélicos evaluados causó efectos adversos serios ni duraderos. Conclusiones: La psilocibina y el ácido lisérgico de dietilamida son tratamientos experimentales con resultados prometedores por su seguridad, duración y efectividad para los síntomas de malestar emocional refractarios en pacientes al final de la vida. (AU)


Background and goals: Patients in palliative care often experience emotional distress at the end of life, which creates suffering and poses challenges for health professionals, since conventional treatments have limited benefits. Our goal was to systematically review the evidence about the psychedelic substances that have emerged as an alternative for the management of emotional distress in end-of-life care. Materials and methods: A systematic review was carried out in PubMed, Ovid Medline, and CINHAL until September 13, 2022. Original articles with a randomized controlled design were included that reported the use of psychedelics (psilocybin, lysergic acid diethylamide, dipropyltryptamine or ayahuasca) in the treatment of symptoms of emotional distress in palliative care patients at the end of life.Results: Six controlled clinical trials related to the topic were found. Four studies evaluated psilocybin in 113 patients and reported a reduction of emotional distress symptoms such as anxiety, depression, demoralization, hopelessness, and suicidal ideation in palliative patients. Two studies evaluated lysergic acid diethylamide in 54 patients and found reduced anxiety, depression, fear of death, and improved quality of life. No studies were found that evaluated dipropyltryptamine or ayahuasca in palliative care. None of the evaluated psychedelics caused severe or lasting adverse effects. Conclusions: Psilocybin and lysergic acid diethylamide are experimental treatments with promising results because of their safety, duration, and effectiveness for refractory emotional distress symptoms in patients at the end of life. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Palliative Care , Death , Health Personnel , Hallucinogens
3.
Cir Esp (Engl Ed) ; 100(6): 359-366, 2022 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35718372

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: (a) to evaluate and compare the psychological treatment needs of patients with cancer and non-cancer, who are going to undergo scheduled thoracic surgery, and (b) evaluate and compare the diagnostic accuracy of the screening tests of psychological treatment needs for cancer and non-cancer patients. METHOD: The need for psychological treatment was evaluated in a total of 169 patients prior to thoracic surgery, through a clinical interview. The screening tests used were: the physician's judgment (yes/no), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and, the single-item interview to assess depression "Do you feel depressed?" (DEPQ). RESULTS: The number of patients who needed psychological treatment in the total sample was 47 (27.81%), in non-cancer-patients: 22 (30.99%) and in cancer patients: 25 (25.51%). The participants with treatment needs were more often young women with primary education levels, with more fears and concerns regarding their disease. With respect to the screening tests, the HADS-T (cut-off point ≥13) obtained a sensitivity (SE) of 0.75 and Specificity (SP) of 0.81 in the total sample. In patients with cancer, the HADS total score (cut-off point ≥10) obtained an SE=0.84 and SP=0.80, and, in non-cancer patients, the HADS total score (cut-off point ≥13) showed an SE=0.59 and SP=0.84. The DEPQ and the physician's judgment did not achieve adequate levels of precision. CONCLUSIONS: A high percentage of patients have psychological treatment needs before performing thoracic surgery, which are similar for cancer and non-cancer patients. Preoperative detection of patients who need psychological intervention is feasible with a simple screening test: HADS, which achieves greater precision in cancer patients.


Subject(s)
Neoplasms , Thoracic Surgical Procedures , Educational Status , Female , Health Services Needs and Demand , Humans , Neoplasms/surgery , Psychosocial Intervention , Stress, Psychological/diagnosis
4.
Cir. Esp. (Ed. impr.) ; 100(6): 359-366, jun. 2022. ilus, tab
Article in English | IBECS | ID: ibc-207443

ABSTRACT

Objectives (a) to evaluate and compare the psychological treatment needs of patients with cancer and non-cancer, who are going to undergo scheduled thoracic surgery, and (b) evaluate and compare the diagnostic accuracy of the screening tests of psychological treatment needs for cancer and non-cancer patients. Method The need for psychological treatment was evaluated in a total of 169 patients prior to thoracic surgery, through a clinical interview. The screening tests used were: the physician's judgment (yes/no), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and, the single-item interview to assess depression “Do you feel depressed?” (DEPQ). Results The number of patients who needed psychological treatment in the total sample was 47 (27.81%), in non-cancer-patients: 22 (30.99%) and in cancer patients: 25 (25.51%). The participants with treatment needs were more often young women with primary education levels, with more fears and concerns regarding their disease. With respect to the screening tests, the HADS-T (cut-off point ≥13) obtained a sensitivity (SE) of 0.75 and Specificity (SP) of 0.81 in the total sample. In patients with cancer, the HADS total score (cut-off point ≥10) obtained an SE=0.84 and SP=0.80, and, in non-cancer patients, the HADS total score (cut-off point ≥13) showed an SE=0.59 and SP=0.84. The DEPQ and the physician's judgment did not achieve adequate levels of precision. Conclusions A high percentage of patients have psychological treatment needs before performing thoracic surgery, which are similar for cancer and non-cancer patients. Preoperative detection of patients who need psychological intervention is feasible with a simple screening test: HADS, which achieves greater precision in cancer patients (AU)


Objetivos Evaluar y comparar: a) las necesidades de tratamiento psicológico de pacientes con cáncer y sin cáncer, que van a someterse a una cirugía torácica programada, y b) la precisión diagnóstica de las pruebas de detección de necesidades psicológicas para pacientes con y sin cáncer. Métodos Se evaluó la necesidad de tratamiento psicológico en un total de 169 pacientes antes de la cirugía torácica, a través de una entrevista clínica. Las pruebas de cribado fueron: el criterio médico (sí/no), la Escala de Ansiedad y Depresión Hospitalaria (HADS) y la entrevista de un solo ítem de depresión «¿Se siente deprimido?» (DEPQ). Resultados El número de pacientes que necesitaron tratamiento psicológico fue en el total 47 (27,81%), en pacientes sin cáncer: 22 (30,99%) y con cáncer: 25 (25,51%). Las participantes con necesidades de tratamiento eran con mayor frecuencia mujeres jóvenes con niveles de educación primaria y más temores con respecto a su enfermedad. Con respecto a las pruebas de detección, el HADS total (corte ≥ 13) obtuvo una sensibilidad (S)=0,75/especificidad (E)=0,81 en la muestra total. En pacientes con cáncer el HADS total (corte ≥ 10): S=0,84/E=0,80 y en pacientes sin cáncer, la HADS total (corte ≥ 13): S=0,59/E=0,84. DEPQ y juicio médico obtuvieron bajos niveles de precisión. Conclusiones Un alto porcentaje de pacientes antes de realizar una cirugía torácica tiene necesidades de tratamiento psicológico, similares para pacientes con y sin cáncer. La HADS total es un buen método de cribado de necesidades psicológicas, especialmente en pacientes con cáncer (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Thoracic Surgical Procedures , Stress, Psychological , Preoperative Care , Surgical Clearance , Anxiety/psychology , Socioeconomic Factors
5.
Ansiedad estrés ; 28(2): 100-107, may-aug. 2022. tab
Article in English | IBECS | ID: ibc-203074

ABSTRACT

The objective of this study is to make a quick assessment of the psychological resources and emotional distress of the general population locked down during the COVID-19 pandemic (in Catalonia, Spain), and to observe their evolution over the course of two waves during lockdown: at two weeks and at one month (April 1th to 3th and April 17th to 19th). The longitudinal study collected data from 29,231 participants aged 18 or older through an online platform who answered questions which evaluated: optimism, uncertainty, perceived competence, self-efficacy, emotional distress, current job situation, sadness and anger in conjunction with sociodemographic variables. The main results indicated that general beliefs about the future, uncertainty, and optimism, together with beliefs about one’s own conduct, such as perceived competence when facing the situation or self-efficacy to maintain routines, could predict the emotional distress experienced by an individual. A clear gender pattern was found. Between the two waves, optimism, perceived competence to manage the situation and self-efficacy to maintain routines decrease, uncertainty grows, and emotional distress remains. Taking these results into account we can prevent possible emotional scars and offer coping strategies to overcome the pandemic and the future situations of confinement in a more efficient way.


El objetivo de este estudio es realizar una valoración rápida de los recursos psicológicos y y el malestar emocional de la población general durante el encierro por la pandemia de COVID-19 (en Cataluña, España), y observar su evolución a lo largo de dos oleadas durante el confinamiento: a las dos semanas y al mes (del 1 al 3 de abril y del 17 al 19 de abril). El estudio longitudinal recopiló datos de 29.231 participantes de 18 años o más a través de una plataforma en línea que respondieron preguntas que evaluaban: optimismo, incertidumbre, competencia percibida, autoeficacia, malestar emoción, situación laboral actual, tristeza e ira y variables sociodemográficas. Los principales resultados indicaron que las creencias generales sobre el futuro, la incertidumbre y el optimismo, junto con las creencias sobre la propia conducta, como la competencia percibida ante la situación o la autoeficacia para mantener las rutinas, pueden predecir el malestar emocional que experimenta un individuo. Se encontró un patrón de género claro. Entre las dos olas, el optimismo, la competencia percibida para manejar la situación y la autoeficacia para mantener las rutinas disminuyen, creciendo la incertidumbre y persistiendo el malestar emocional. Teniendo en cuenta estos resultados podemos prevenir posibles secuelas emocionales y ofrecer estrategias de afrontamiento para superar la pandemia y las futuras situaciones de confinamiento de una forma más eficiente.


Subject(s)
Humans , Young Adult , Health Sciences , Coronavirus Infections , Adaptation, Psychological , Coronavirus 229E, Human , Coronavirus OC43, Human , Coronavirus NL63, Human
6.
Acta investigación psicol. (en línea) ; 12(1): 5-18, ene.-abr. 2022. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1429541

ABSTRACT

Resumen En la actualidad el sistema de salud se ve afectado por cargas excesivas de trabajo que conllevan el desarrollo de estrés y ansiedad durante la actividad laboral en sus trabajadores. En distintos hospitales de México la prevalencia del estrés laboral va del 22 a 63%, encabezando la lista médicos residentes y enfermeras. Con el objetivo de probar la efectividad del programa "Renaciendo" basado en Terapia Narrativa para la mejora de la satisfacción personal y laboral de enfermeras, se realizó una investigación cuasiexperimental, preprueba-posprueba, teórico-práctica con temporalidad transversal. Se trabajó con grupos intactos, uno de enfermeras profesionales y otro de estudiantes de enfermería realizando su estancia profesional en hospitales. Los resultados confirman la efectividad del programa para la mejora de la eficacia personal y la reducción de síntomas de agotamiento, depresión, ansiedad y estrés. Con puntuaciones más altas en todas las variables, las enfermeras profesionales tuvieron una reducción significativa solamente en estrés y ansiedad, en tanto que las estudiantes de enfermería disminuyeron significativamente el estrés y la depresión y aumentaron su eficacia personal. Programas de intervención sistémico-narrativos son necesarios ya que permiten mejorar la eficacia personal, así como prevenir y disminuir el agotamiento laboral y los estados emocionales displacenteros asociados que afectan personal de enfermería. Las limitaciones de tiempo y alcance son temas prioritarios en el desarrollo de este tipo de intervenciones.


Abstract Currently the health system is affected by excessive workloads, this encourages the development of stress and anxiety during work activity in its workers. In different hospitals in Mexico the prevalence of work stress ranges from 22 to 63%, leading the list of resident doctors and nurses. With the objective to prove the efficacy of the intervention program "Reborn" based on Narrative Therapy for the improvement of personal and job satisfaction of nurses, a quasi-experimental research was conducted, with pre and post-test, theoretical-practical nature with transverse temporality. We worked with intact groups, one group of professional nurses and the other of nursing students completing their professional internship in hospitals. The results confirm the effectiveness of the program for the improvement of personal efficacy and the reduction of symptoms of emotional exhaustion, depression, anxiety and stress. The highest scores initially shown in professional nurses, exposed a significant reduction in stress and anxiety, while nursing students significantly reduced stress and depression and increased personal efficacy. Systemic-narrative intervention programs are necessary since they allow improving personal efficacy as well as preventing and reducing job exhaustion and the associated unpleasant emotional states that affect nursing staff. Time and scope limitations are priority issues in the development of this type of interventions.

7.
Psicooncología (Pozuelo de Alarcón) ; 18(2): 227-244, 02 nov. 2021. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-225805

ABSTRACT

Objective: We conducted a PRISMA-compliant systematic review of clinical trials, and a meta-analysis of randomised clinical trials (RCTs) of manualised Meaning-Centered Psychotherapy (MCP) interventions for adult advanced cancer patients. We searched seven databases for trials published in English and Spanish, until March 27, 2021. Results: Seven trials were included in the systematic review, and four in the meta-analysis. The systematic review favoured the effectiveness of MCP for the improvement of spiritual well-being, quality of life (QoL), sense of meaning and psychological distress, although inconsistencies between the trials were found. In pre-post meta-analytic estimates, MCP had a superior therapeutic effect than control conditions for spiritual well-being (d=0.52, p<0.001), QoL (d=0.60, p<0.001), anxiety symptoms (d=-0.47, p<0.001), depressive symptoms (d=-0.50, p<0.001) and desire for hastened death (d=-0.28, p<0.001). No differences were observed in between-group comparisons. MCP was not associated with an increased risk of abandonment at post-treatment (OR=0.86, p=0.57). Conclusion: Manualised MCP interventions are a promising treatment for the improvement of spiritual well-being and quality of life and the reduction of psychological distress in adult patients with advanced cancer. The evidence base is still in an emerging state and should be expanded by higher methodological quality studies (AU)


Objetivo: se realizó una revisión sistemática de ensayos clínicos siguiendo los criterios PRISMA, y un meta-análisis de ensayos clínicos aleatorizados (ECA), sobre la efectividad de las intervenciones manualizadas de Psicoterapia Centrada en el Sentido (PCS) para pacientes adultos con cáncer avanzado. Se realizaron búsquedas en siete bases de datos de ensayos publicados en inglés y español, hasta el 27 de marzo de 2021. Resultados: siete artículos fueron incluidos en la revisión sistemática y cuatro en el meta-análisis. La revisión sistemática favorece la efectividad de la PCS para mejorar el bienestar espiritual, la calidad de vida, y la experiencia de sentido, así como disminuir el malestar emocional, aunque se encontraron inconsistencias entre los estudios. En los análisis meta-analíticos pre-post, la PCS tuvo un efecto terapéutico superior a la condición control para bienestar espiritual (d=0,52, p<0,001), calidad de vida (d=0,60, p<0,001), sintomatología ansiosa (d=-0,47, p<0,001) y depresiva (d=-0,50, p<0,001), y deseos de muerte acelerada (d=-0,28, p<0,001). No se encontraron diferencias en las comparaciones intergrupo. La PCS no se asoció a un mayor riesgo de abandono en el post-tratamiento (OR=0,86, p=0,57). Conclusión: los programas manualizados de PCS constituyen un tratamiento prometedor para aumentar el bienestar espiritual y calidad de vida, y reducir el malestar emocional, en pacientes con cáncer avanzado. La evidencia se encuentra aún en un estado emergente, y deberá ser complementada con nuevos estudios de mayor calidad metodológica.Palabras clave: Psicoterapia Centrada en el Sentido, cáncer avanzado, bienestar espiritual, malestar emocional (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Person-Centered Psychotherapy , Neoplasms/psychology , Neoplasms/therapy , Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic , Neoplasm Staging , Quality of Life , Social Welfare
8.
Apuntes psicol ; 39(2): 95-102, nov. 2021.
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-208651

ABSTRACT

Los familiares de personas afectadas por la COVID-19 pudieron experimentar mayor impacto emocional durante el confinamiento, más aún si se tenía una imagen muy amenazante del COVID-19. El objetivo fue analizar la relación entre la psicopatología y la percepción de amenaza en familiares de personas afectadas por COVID-19. Participaron 50 familiares de personas afectadas por COVID-19 (84% mujeres), de entre 20 y 63 años (M=36,88; DT=12,73). Se evaluó la psicopatología (SCL-90-R; Derogatis, Lipman y Covi, 1973) y la percepción de amenaza del COVID (BIP-Q5; Pérez-Fuentes, Molero, Oropesa et al., 2020). Observamos una afectación emocional y una percepción de amenaza moderadas. Quienes tenían enfermedades físicas y psicológicas mostraron menos percepción de amenaza, pero más psicopatología. Mayor percepción de amenaza se asoció con mayor psicopatología. Concluimos que la familia es una parte activa en el proceso de enfermedad, por lo que puede sufrir un gran impacto emocional que debe ser atendido (AU)


Relatives of people affected by COVID-19 were able to experience greater emotional impact during confinement, even more so if they had a very threatening image of COVID-19. The aim was to analyse the relationship between psychopathology and the perception of threat in relatives of people affected by COVID-19. Fifty relatives of people affected by COVID-19 (84% women), aged between 20 and 63 years (M=36.88; SD=12.73) participated. Psycho-pathology (SCL-90-R; Derogatis et al., 1973) and perceived threat of COVID (BIP-Q5; Pérez-Fuentes et al., 2020) were assessed. We observed moderate emotional distress and threat perception. Those with physical and psychological illnesses showed less threat perception but more psychopathology. Higher threat perception was associated with higher psychopathology. We conclude that the family is an active part of the disease process and may suffer a great emotional impact that needs to be addressed (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Young Adult , Adult , Middle Aged , Coronavirus Infections/psychology , Pneumonia, Viral/psychology , Pandemics , Family/psychology , Hazards , Psychopathology
9.
Rev. psicol. clín. niños adolesc ; 8(3): 43-49, Sep. 2021. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-218456

ABSTRACT

Padecer talla baja (TB) durante la infancia o adolescencia puede asociarse con un mayor sufrimiento de clínica ansiosa y depresiva. Factores como losestilos parentales, el género, la edad, el tratamiento, las hospitalizaciones y la altura del adolescente y de sus progenitores pueden influir en el ajuste.El objetivo fue estudiar las variables personales y familiares que se asocian con un menor padecimiento de clínica ansiosa, depresiva y malestar emo-cional. Participaron 168 adolescentes con TB de entre 9 y 17 años (M=12,09; DT=2,07), siendo el 60,10%. Fueron evaluados mediante un registroad hoc, la Escala Hospitalaria de Ansiedad y Depresión y la Escala de Estilos Parentales. Se realizaron análisis descriptivos, pruebas t de Studentpara muestras independientes, cálculo del tamaño del efecto, correlaciones de Pearson y regresiones jerárquicas. Los resultados evidenciaron que losestilos familiares positivos y un menor número de hospitalizaciones se asociaron con menor presencia de síntomas ansiosos y depresivos. Las chicas yquienes llevaban mayor tiempo con el diagnóstico de TB mostraron mayor comunicación con su familia. Los adolescentes con menor edad mostraronpeor percepción de estilo parental. La edad, el tratamiento médico y la altura no se relacionaron con el ajuste psicológico. En la predicción de los sín-tomas ansiosos, depresivos y del malestar emocional fue relevante un mayor número de hospitalizaciones y menor promoción de la autonomía y controlconductual. Destacamos la importancia de las variables familiares en el ajuste de los adolescentes con TB


Having short stature (stunting) during childhood oradolescence may be associated with increased clinical distress and depression. Factors such as parenting styles, gender, age, treatment, hospital-izations and height of the adolescent and parents may influence adjustment. The aim was to study personal and family variables that are associatedwith less clinical anxiety, depression and emotional distress. A total of 168 adolescents with TB aged 9-17 years (M=12.09; SD=2.07) participated,60.10%. They were assessed using an ad hoc register, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and the Parental Styles Scale. Descriptive anal-yses, Student’s t-tests for independent samples, effect size calculation, Pearson correlations and hierarchical regressions were performed. Resultsshowed that positive family styles and fewer hospitalizations were associated with fewer anxious and depressive symptoms. Girls and those who hadbeen diagnosed with TB for a longer period of time showed greater communication with their family. Younger adolescents showed worse perceptionof parenting style. Age, medical treatment and height were not related to psychological adjustment. In the prediction of anxious and depressivesymptoms and emotional distress, a greater number of hospitalizations and less promotion of autonomy and behavioural control were relevant. Wehighlight the importance of family variables in the adjustment of adolescents with TB.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Psychopathology , Bullying , Body Height , Depression , Anxiety , Family Relations , Child Health , Life Style
10.
Pediatr. aten. prim ; 23(91): 253-260, jul.- sept. 2021. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-222873

ABSTRACT

Introducción: el burnout es un síndrome de estrés crónico, descrito como un proceso de cansancio emocional, despersonalización y falta de realización personal. Tiene elevado impacto tanto a nivel personal como en calidad y seguridad asistencial, y su prevalencia es elevada. El presente estudio pretende determinar la prevalencia de este síndrome en pediatras de Lleida, analizar su relación con diversas variables y comparar los resultados actuales con los del estudio previo en 1998. Método: estudio descriptivo transversal observacional, que valora información sociodemográfica y cuestionario de burnout de Maslach. Se comparan los datos con los del estudio de 1998, en el que se recogieron los mismos datos. Resultados: han participado 42 pediatras (64%), 66% de mujeres, edad media de 42,1 años. Un 36% presentaban puntuaciones sugestivas de síndrome burnout en cansancio emocional. No había diferencias respecto a las horas trabajadas, el género, el estado civil ni el lugar de trabajo. Los pediatras con más desgaste profesional presentaban mayor decepción y depresión en relación con el trabajo, así como también mayor presencia de enfermedad física o psíquica. Por otro lado, aquellos que concebían el trabajo como una vocación y disfrutaban de reconocimiento institucional tenían valores más altos de realización personal. Se comparan los datos con los del estudio de 1998 Conclusiones: la prevalencia de desgaste profesional elevado es del 36%. Se confirma la cifra de aproximadamente un tercio de los pediatras con niveles significativos de burnout, que está presente de forma estructural y que requiere de estrategias de abordaje, no solo individual sino también del equipo y de las organizaciones (AU)


Introduction: burnout is a chronic stress syndrome, described as a process of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and reduced personal accomplishment. It has a high impact both on a personal level and on healthcare quality and safety, and its prevalence is high. The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of this syndrome in paediatricians in Lleida, analyse its association with different variables and compare current results with the results of a previous study conducted in 1998.Method: we conducted a descriptive, cross-sectional observational study analysing sociodemographic data and Maslach burn-out questionnaire scores. We compared these data to the results of the 1998 study, in which the same information was collected.Results: a total of 42 paediatricians (64%) participated in the survey, 66% were female, and the mean age was 42.1 years. Thirty-six percent had scores suggestive of burnout syndrome with emotional exhaustion. There were no differences associated with the number of hours worked, sex, marital status, or the work setting. The paediatricians with the highest level of burnout were more likely to express disappointment and depression in relation to work and or have physical and/or mental illness. On the other hand, respondents who perceived their work as a calling and felt recognised by their organizations had higher scores in the dimension of personal accomplishment. We compared the data of this sample to the data of the 1998 study.Conclusions: We found a high level of burnout in 36% of respondents. The data confirmed that approximately one third of paediatricians have significant levels of burnout, which is a structural problem and therefore must be addressed with strategies not only at the individual level, but also at the level of the team and the institution. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Burnout, Psychological/epidemiology , Pediatricians/psychology , Pediatricians/statistics & numerical data , Personal Satisfaction , Job Satisfaction , Spain/epidemiology , Prevalence , Cross-Sectional Studies , Socioeconomic Factors , Surveys and Questionnaires
11.
Cir Esp (Engl Ed) ; 2021 May 07.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33972062

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: (a) to evaluate and compare the psychological treatment needs of patients with cancer and non-cancer, who are going to undergo scheduled thoracic surgery, and (b) evaluate and compare the diagnostic accuracy of the screening tests of psychological treatment needs for cancer and non-cancer patients. METHOD: The need for psychological treatment was evaluated in a total of 169 patients prior to thoracic surgery, through a clinical interview. The screening tests used were: the physician's judgment (yes/no), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and, the single-item interview to assess depression "Do you feel depressed?" (DEPQ). RESULTS: The number of patients who needed psychological treatment in the total sample was 47 (27.81%), in non-cancer-patients: 22 (30.99%) and in cancer patients: 25 (25.51%). The participants with treatment needs were more often young women with primary education levels, with more fears and concerns regarding their disease. With respect to the screening tests, the HADS-T (cut-off point ≥13) obtained a sensitivity (SE) of 0.75 and Specificity (SP) of 0.81 in the total sample. In patients with cancer, the HADS total score (cut-off point ≥10) obtained an SE=0.84 and SP=0.80, and, in non-cancer patients, the HADS total score (cut-off point ≥13) showed an SE=0.59 and SP=0.84. The DEPQ and the physician's judgment did not achieve adequate levels of precision. CONCLUSIONS: A high percentage of patients have psychological treatment needs before performing thoracic surgery, which are similar for cancer and non-cancer patients. Preoperative detection of patients who need psychological intervention is feasible with a simple screening test: HADS, which achieves greater precision in cancer patients.

12.
Psicooncología (Pozuelo de Alarcón) ; 18(1): 11-36, 09 abr. 2021. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-225336

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La atención psicosocial de las personas con enfermedad oncológica y la familia debe formar parte de todo modelo integral de atención que pretenda reducir el impacto vital del cáncer. Las intervenciones psicosociales han probado su eficacia en la ayuda a pacientes y familiares para afrontar las situaciones de alta complejidad psicosocial emergentes a consecuencia de un diagnóstico de cáncer. Objetivo: Definir y explicar el modelo de Atención Psicosocial del Comité Psicosocial del Instituto Catalán de Oncología (ICO) utilizando criterios de vulnerabilidad, complejidad y derivación; enmarcado y basado en los valores del ICO (centrados en las necesidades de pacientes con cáncer y sus familias). Método: El modelo que se presenta en este documento consta de cinco pilares: 1) Principios de la Práctica Psicosocial en Oncología; 2) Áreas de actuación en la Atención Psicosocial del paciente con cáncer y la familia; 3) Cribado de malestar emocional y derivación del paciente con cáncer y la familia para una atención psicooncológica específica; 4) Comité Psicosocial: (objetivos; funciones; organización; composición; disciplinas participantes; criterios de derivación y niveles de complejidad; y procedimiento); y 5) Índice de productividad. Resultados: Pacientes y familiares atendidos por el CPS mostraron mejoría estadísticamente significativa en los niveles del malestar emocional, pasando de una media inicial de 8,12/10 (EVA/ENV) a una media 6,27/10 (EVA/ENV). Asimismo, se constata que las intervenciones derivadas del comité psicosocial redujeron el porcentaje de casos iniciales de alta complejidad, pasando de un 69,3% a un 49,3% (AU)


Introduction: Psychosocial care for cancer patients and their families should be part of all comprehensive model of care that aims to reduce the life impact of cancer. Psychosocial interventions have proven to be effective in helping patients and families to cope with the highly complex psychosocial situations that arise as a result of a cancer diagnosis. Aim: To define and explain the model of Psychosocial Care in the Psychosocial Committee of the Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO) using criteria of vulnerability, complexity and referral; framed and based on the values of the ICO (focused on patients and family’s needs). Method: The model presented in this document consists of five pillars: 1) Principles of Psychosocial Practice in Oncology; 2) Areas of action in the Psychosocial Care of the cancer patient and family; 3) Screening for emotional distress and referral of the cancer patient and family for specific psycho-oncological care; 4) PsychosocialCommittee: (objectives; functions; organization; composition; participating disciplines; referral criteria and levels of complexity; and procedure); and 5) Productivity index. Results: Patients and relatives who were attended by the CPS showed statistically significant improvement in the levels of emotional distress, going from an initial mean of 8.12 / 10 (VAS / ENV) to a mean of 6.27 / 10 (VAS / ENV). It also shows that the interventions derived from the psychosocial committee reduced the percentage of initial cases of high complexity, from 69.3% to 49.3% (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Psychosocial Support Systems , Neoplasms/psychology , Psycho-Oncology , Academies and Institutes , Consensus , Spain
13.
Psicol. conduct ; 29(2): 345-364, 2021. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-225322

ABSTRACT

sumen El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar el impacto psicológico del confinamiento por COVID-19 en una muestra comunitaria española. 2847 participantes de entre 14 y 35 años (95% mujeres) completaron medidas de depresión, ansiedad, estrés, autoestima y alteraciones alimentarias. Considerando la pequeña proporción de hombres y al hallar diferencias significativas entre sexos, la mayoría de resultados fueron informados solo para las mujeres. Un 30,8%, 25,4% y 20,5% de la muestra presentó niveles graves o muy graves de depresión, ansiedad y estrés respectivamente. La calidad del sueño, los hábitos alimentarios, las preocupaciones por la apariencia física, por el futuro y por la salud habían empeorado a raíz del confinamiento. Una menor edad, no tener pareja, el desempleo, no haber contraído COVID-19 o no estar seguro de ello, el fallecimiento de un ser querido por COVID-19, y no tener un lugar donde relajarse fueron factores asociados al malestar psicológico y las alteraciones alimentarias. El análisis de ecuaciones estructurales confirmó la influencia directa de las variables relacionadas con el confinamiento en la psicopatología. Esto sugiere que la pandemia puede haber tenido un impacto significativo en la salud mental y en la conducta alimentaria (AU)


This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the impact of COVID-19 lockdown on emotional distress and disordered eating in a community sample of Spanish youngsters. A total of 2847 participants (95% women; aged 14-35 years) completed depression, anxiety, stress, self-esteem, and disordered eating measures. Given the small proportion of men and as significant differences were found between genders in several variables, most results were only reported for women. Severe levels of depression, anxiety and stress were found in 30.8%, 25.4% and 20.5% of the sample, respectively. Sleep quality, eating habits, appearance concerns, preoccupation about one’s future, health concerns and other life domains were also affected by lockdown. Younger age, being single, being unemployed, not having contracted COVID-19 or not being sure about it, having a loved one infected or deceased due to coronavirus, and not having a place to relax at home were significantly associated with psychological distress and disordered eating. A structural equation model confirmed the direct influence of lockdown-related variables into psychopathology symptoms. The findings of this study suggest that COVID-19 and its associated lockdown might have a significant effect on psychological wellbeing and eating disturbances (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Coronavirus Infections/prevention & control , Coronavirus Infections/psychology , Affective Symptoms/psychology , Feeding and Eating Disorders/psychology , Depression/psychology , Anxiety/psychology , Socioeconomic Factors , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Spain
14.
Salud(i)ciencia (Impresa) ; 23(6): 512-518, nov.-dic. 2019. tab., graf.
Article in Spanish | BINACIS, LILACS | ID: biblio-1051212

ABSTRACT

El trastorno por estrés postraumático (TEPT) tiene una importante prevalencia en la población, por lo que conocer los mecanismos psicológicos para la vulnerabilidad y el mantenimiento del trastorno es claramente relevante. Entre dichos mecanismos, se ha postulado el constructo de malestar emocional como transdiagnóstico a diversos trastornos mentales. El objetivo del presente estudio fue poner a prueba un modelo hipotético que analizaba la asociación entre tres variables pertenecientes a dicho constructo (evitación experiencial, tolerancia al malestar e intolerancia a la incertidumbre inhibitoria) y el TEPT. Participaron 328 estudiantes universitarios (74.7% mujeres y 25.3% hombres, con una media de edad de 21 años) que habían experimentado al menos un acontecimiento traumático de acuerdo con los criterios del DSM-5, quienes completaron una batería de cuestionarios. Se efectuó un análisis de ecuaciones estructurales cuyos resultados apoyaron parcialmente el modelo hipotético. La evitación experiencial mostró asociarse positiva y significativamente con la tolerancia al malestar, la intolerancia a la incertidumbre inhibitoria y los síntomas del TEPT. La tolerancia al malestar también se vinculó de forma positiva y significativa con dichos síntomas. Sin embargo, la intolerancia a la incertidumbre inhibitoria no mostró relación con esta sintomatología. En apoyo a la evidencia empírica precedente, los hallazgos de este estudio inciden en el papel de la evitación experiencial y la tolerancia al malestar como variables moderadoras de la sintomatología postraumática. Asimismo, apuntan hacia la necesidad de considerar estas variables en las intervenciones psicológicas para el tratamiento del TEPT


Post-traumatic stress disorder or PTSD has an important prevalence in the population, so knowing the psychological mechanisms of vulnerability and maintenance of this disorder is clearly relevant. Among those mechanisms, the emotional distress construct has been postulated as a trans-diagnostic tool related to different mental disorders. The objective of the present study was to test a hypothetical model for the analysis of the association between three variables of this construct (experiential avoidance, distress tolerance, and inhibitory uncertainty intolerance) and PTSD. The subjects of study amounted to 328 university students (74.7% women and 25.3% men, with a median age of 21) who had experienced at least one traumatic event according to the DSM-5 criteria. They were made to complete a set of questionnaires. A structural equation analysis was carried out, with results partially coincident with the hypothetical model. Exponential avoidance showed a positive and significant association with distress tolerance, inhibitory uncertainty intolerance and PTSD symptoms. Distress tolerance was also associated with these symptoms in a positive and significant way. However, inhibitory uncertainty intolerance was not associated with this symptomatology. Following the preexisting empirical evidence, the findings of this study have an impact on the role of experiential avoidance and distress tolerance, as variables that moderate post-traumatic symptomatology. Furthermore, the findings point to the need to consider these variables in psychological interventions for the treatment of PTSD


Subject(s)
Humans , Psychology , Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic , Stress, Psychological , Stress Disorders, Traumatic , Uncertainty
15.
Cir Esp (Engl Ed) ; 97(5): 275-281, 2019 May.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31010579

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: The aim of the present study was to examine the diagnostic accuracy of screening tests in detecting cases requiring psychological intervention among patients referred for thoracic surgery. METHODS: Emotional distress was evaluated in 105 patients referred for thoracic surgery by means of a diagnostic psychological interview (criterion variable). The screening ability of the following methods was analyzed: the physician's opinion (Yes/No), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), single-item interview: «Are you depressed?¼ (Depression Question, ADEP) (1-5) and the single-item interview: «Are you anxious?¼ (Anxiety Question, ANXQ) (1-5). RESULTS: According to the clinical interview, 34% of the patients were clinical cases requiring psychological intervention. The total HADS (cut-off point of 10) showed a sensitivity=0.89, specificity=0.75 and AUC=0.883; the ADEP scale (>1) showed a sensitivity=0.79, specificity=0.74 and AUC=0.795; the ANXQ scale (>1) showed a sensitivity=0.78, specificity=0.41 and AUC=0.690; and the physician's opinion showed a sensitivity=0.47 and specificity=0.86. CONCLUSIONS: A high percentage of patients referred for thoracic surgery required psychological intervention. The best instrument to identify those patients requiring psychological care, taking a psychological interview as the criterion variable, was the total HADS score. This test is brief, simple and well accepted by patients; it is easy to implement within a thoracic surgery service and has a good diagnostic accuracy.


Subject(s)
Stress, Psychological/diagnosis , Thoracic Surgery/organization & administration , Thoracic Surgical Procedures/psychology , Anxiety/diagnosis , Depression/diagnosis , Female , Humans , Interview, Psychological/methods , Lung Neoplasms/surgery , Male , Preoperative Care/methods , Psychiatric Status Rating Scales , Sensitivity and Specificity , Spain
16.
Aten Primaria ; 50(8): 493-499, 2018 10.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29217115

ABSTRACT

AIM: To analyze, in a population of adolescents in school, the relationship between psychosomatic symptoms and the perception of health-related quality of life (HRQoL), differentiating by gender and age group. DESIGN: Transversal study. LOCATION: Five Secondary Schools. PARTICIPANTS: Eight hundred and forty four adolescents between the ages of 15 and 18 in secondary school. MAIN MEASUREMENTS: HRQoL using KIDSCREEN-52 and psychosomatic symptoms with the psychosomatic problems scale (PSP). RESULTS: Girls and adolescents aged 17-18 years presented significantly higher psychosomatic symptoms, both groups also scored worse in all dimensions of HRQoL, although only the dimensions related to physical and mental wellness, mood and stress reached significance. All psychosomatic symptoms were inversely associated with the ten dimensions of KIDSCREEN-52. The regression models showed that sadness, concentrating difficulties and sleeping difficulties were the predictors of worse HRQoL in both sexes and age groups and these variables explained between 30 and 41% of the HRQoL variance of the adolescents. CONCLUSIONS: Psychosomatic symptoms are frequent especially in girls and in older adolescents and predictors of worse HRQoL. It is important to distinguish them from medical conditions to avoid unnecessary interventions. As expressions of emotional discomfort they must be evaluated and treated in an integral way because they interfere with daily life and increase the vulnerability proper of adolescence.


Subject(s)
Psychophysiologic Disorders/complications , Quality of Life/psychology , Adolescent , Age Factors , Attention , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Health Status , Humans , Male , Mental Health , Psychophysiologic Disorders/psychology , Sadness/psychology , Sex Factors , Sleep Wake Disorders/complications , Sleep Wake Disorders/psychology , Stress, Psychological/complications , Stress, Psychological/psychology , Students/psychology , Symptom Assessment
17.
Salud ment ; 37(4): 313-319, jul.-ago. 2014. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: lil-729737

ABSTRACT

La presencia de malestar emocional -que se define como el conjunto de sensaciones subjetivas que percibe una persona de que su bienestar sufre una merma y que se manifiesta por síntomas inespecíficos- puede constituir un factor de riesgo para la aparición de enfermedades mentales, sobre todo en personas con vulnerabilidades biológicas y psicosociales. Estudios recientes señalan que los servicios de atención primaria reciben un número, cada vez mayor, de personas con malestares que no cubren los criterios diagnósticos de una enfermedad, ya sea mental o física, fenómeno que es más frecuente en las mujeres. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar los malestares emocionales de un grupo de mujeres que acude a instituciones de atención primaria de la Ciudad de México, así como sus percepciones y vivencias sobre la atención recibida, con el propósito de identificar necesidades de atención. Para recopilar la información se utilizaron técnicas e instrumentos propios de la metodología cualitativa. La información se codificó y analizó conforme al método de "categorización de significados" propuesto por Kvale. Los resultados mostraron que los principales detonantes de los malestares emocionales en las participantes se asocian con las preocupaciones que enfrentan cotidianamente (como falta de dinero, problemas con los hijos y violencia intrafamiliar) y, en otros casos, con la vivencia de experiencias traumáticas de violencia y abuso sexual, pasadas y presentes. Los datos demuestran también que las mujeres no hablan directamente de su malestar emocional, pero que tampoco lo detecta el personal de salud o que, cuando lo hace, le resta importancia. Lo anterior se relaciona con las condiciones actuales del servicio, que no ofrece una atención integral y adolece de una visión psicosocial.


Emotional distress is the subjective sensation of diminishment in well-being which manifests itself in a number of unspecific symptoms. It might be a risk factor for the development of mental illness, especially among individuals with psychosocial or biological vulnerability. Recent studies show that primary health care services receive a growing number of patients who suffer distress, but do not fulfill the diagnostic criteria of a mental or physical illness. This phenomenon is more frequent among women. The objective of this paper is to analyze the emotional distress experienced by a group of women who attended primary health care institutions in Mexico City, as well as their perceptions and experiences around the attention received, in order to identify their treatment needs. Data was gathered through techniques and instruments pertaining qualitative methodology. The information was coded and analyzed according to the meaning categorization method developed by Kvale. The results show that the main triggers of emotional distress are associated to daily life worries (lack of money, problems with children, domestic violence, among others). In some cases, it is associated as well with traumatic events, such as violence and sexual abuse in the past or at present. Data also suggest that women do not talk about emotional distress directly during medical consultations and that health care professionals do not identify distress or minimize its importance. These aspects are related to the current characteristics of the service, which lacks a comprehensive approach and a psychosocial point of view.

18.
Acta colomb. psicol ; 16(1): 123-135, ene.-jun. 2013. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-685955

ABSTRACT

En las últimas tres décadas, la incorporación de las mujeres a la vida económica, profesional y pública ha crecido en México, dando lugar a un cuestionamiento de los roles asignados tradicionalmente a este grupo. En este proceso de transformación se hace evidente la existencia de barreras, tanto estructurales como subjetivas, que pueden permear la vivencia de las mujeres y constituirse en factores que provocan malestar emocional y entorpecen el proceso de empoderamiento. Retomando la propuesta de diversas investigaciones en torno al tema, en el presente trabajo se realizaron entrevistas semi-estructuradas en profundidad a mujeres residentes en la Ciudad de México, con el fin de conocer qué clase de barreras estructurales y subjetivas se hacen manifiestas cuando se transgreden los roles y estereotipos de género, y cómo dichas barreras generan o no malestar emocional en las participantes.


Over the past three decades, the incorporation of women into the economic, professional and public life has grown in Mexico, giving rise to questioning the roles traditionally assigned to this group. It is evident that in this process of transformation, the existence of barriers both structural and subjective can permeate the experience of women and become factors that cause emotional discomfort and hinder the process of empowerment. Returning to the proposal of several studies on the topic, semi-structured interviews were carried out with women residents in the city of Mexico in order to find out what kind of structural and subjective barriers become apparent when there is a transgression of gender roles and stereotypes and how these barriers may generate or not emotional discomfort in the participants.


Nas últimas três décadas, a incorporação das mulheres à vida econômica, profissional e pública cresceu no México, dando surgimento ao questionamento dos papéis tradicionais atribuídos a este grupo. Neste processo de transformação dica evidente a existência de barreiras, tanto estruturais como subjetivas, que podem permear a vivência das mulheres e constituir-se em fatores que provocam mal-estar emocional e atrapalham o processo de empoderamento. Retomando a proposta de diversas pesquisas ao redor do tema, neste trabalho foram feitas entrevistas semiestruturadas a mulheres residentes na Cidade do México, com o objetivo de conhecer que tipo de barreiras estruturais e subjetivas aparecem quando os papéis e estereótipos de gênero são transgredidos, e como essas barreiras geram ou não mal-estar emocional em as participantes.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Women, Working , Power, Psychological , Communication Barriers
19.
Perinatol. reprod. hum ; 18(2): 73-90, jun. 2004. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-632259

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Evaluar la presencia de indicadores de malestar emocional y depresión en un grupo de mujeres embarazadas con infecciones de transmisión sexual (ITS) y determinar la validez y confiabilidad del Cuestionario General de Salud (GHQ - 30) y de la Escala de Depresión Perinatal de Edinburgh (EPDS). Material y métodos: Se realizó una investigación de casos (mujeres con ITS de predominio viral o micótico) y controles (mujeres sin ITS) realizada durante los años de 2000-2002, en una institución del tercer nivel de atención. Se estudió una muestra intencional, consecutiva y autoseleccionada por consentimiento informado de 350 embarazadas. Resultados: Se determinó la validez concurrente, los coeficientes de correlación del GHQ y la EPDS (0.628 y 0.547), los cuales mostraron una asociación significativa. La validez de constructo del GHQ en cuatro componentes explicó 51.4% de la varianza total. La consistencia interna tuvo un alfa de Cronbach de 0.911 en la escala global y por factor entre 0.876 y 0.789. Se encontraron diferencias significativas en el factor uno al comparar las medias del grupo control con las de los casos del grupo de ITS de predominio viral. En la EPDS, dos componentes principales explicaron 53.7% de la varianza total; el alfa de Cronbach global fue de 0.847 y por factor de 0.828 y 0.648. Se obtuvieron diferencias significativas al comparar el grupo control con el grupo de casos de ITS de predominio viral. Conclusiones: Ambos instrumentos reúnen las características psicométricas para ser aplicados durante la gestación. Las mujeres con ITS por VPH o VIH mencionaron padecer un número mayor de síntomas de depresión en comparación con las mujeres sin ITS.


Objective: To evaluate the presence of indicators of emotional distress and depression in a group of pregnant women with sexually transmitted infections (STI) and to determine the validity and reliability of the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ - 30) and of the Edinburgh Perinatal Depression Scale (EPDS). Material and methods: Cases (women with an STI, predominantly viral ar mycotic) and controls (women without an STI) research, performed from 2000 to 2002 in a third level of attention institution, with an intentional, consecutive and autoselected, through informed consent, sample of 350 pregnant women. Results: Concurrent validity: the correlation coefficients of the GHQ and the EPDS (0.628 y 0.547) showed a significant association. Conceptual Validity GHQ: four components explained the 51.41% of the total variance. Internal consistency: Cronbach's alpha of 0.911 on the global scale and by factor between 0.876 and 0.789. Significant differences were found in factor 1 by comparing the means of the control group with the ones form the predominantly viral STI cases. EPDS: Two main components explained the 53.738% of total variance; the global Cronbach's alpha was of 0.847 and by factor of 0.828 and 0.648. Significant differences were obtained by comparing the control group with the predominantly viral STI cases group. Conclusions: Both instruments gather the psychometric characteristics required to be applied during gestation; women with an STI by HPV or HIV mentioned that they had a larger number of depression symptoms in comparison to women without a STI.

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