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1.
Med. lab ; 26(1): 91-98, 2022. ilus, Grafs, Tabs
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1370967

ABSTRACT

El antígeno específico de próstata (PSA, del inglés, Prostate Specific Antigen) es una glicoproteína producida por la próstata, y es el marcador tumoral de mayor uso. Sin embargo, su baja especificidad para diferenciar entre cáncer de próstata y otras alteraciones no malignas, como la hipertrofia benigna de la próstata (HBP) y la prostatitis aguda, limitan su utilidad diagnóstica


Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) is a glycoprotein produced by the prostate and is the most widely used tumor marker. However, its low specificity to differentiate between prostate cancer and other non-malignant conditions, such as benign prostate hypertrophy (BPH) and acute prostatitis, limits its diagnostic utility


Subject(s)
Prostate-Specific Antigen , Prostatic Hyperplasia , Prostatitis , Platelet Membrane Glycoproteins , Biomarkers, Tumor
2.
Ginecol. obstet. Méx ; 87(5): 277-287, ene. 2019. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1286618

ABSTRACT

Resumen OBJETIVO: Determinar la correlación entre el cálculo del índice de riesgo de malignidad de Jacobs II y el reporte anatomopatológico de tumores de ovario. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio observacional, retrospectivo y prospectivo, analítico y transversal efectuado en pacientes con diagnóstico de tumoración ovárica con marcador tumoral de Ca 125 atendidas en el Hospital Christus Muguerza Conchita, Nuevo León, de 2016 a 2018. Se realizó el cálculo del índice de riesgo de malignidad de Jacobs II: IRM = U x M x Ca 125. Las pacientes se dividieron dos grupos según los reportes de histopatología (benignos y malignos). Las variables de tendencia central se compararon con t de Student ajustada a normalidad de dos colas (p < 0.05). Para describir las diferencias entre los grupos los muestreos categóricos se compararon con la prueba de Fisher de 2 colas o distribución de c2 (p < 0.05). Se estudió la muestra para observar factores de riesgo-beneficio (AUROC) y determinar el coeficiente de momios, riesgo relativo, sensibilidad, especificidad y creación del modelo de regresión logística de los indicadores de interés. RESULTADOS: Se seleccionaron 323 pacientes con diagnóstico de tumoración ovárica y se encontró que las pacientes con un índice de malignidad de Jacobs II mayor de 155.22 (AUROC 0.95) tuvieron mayor probabilidad de tener una lesión maligna por patología, con sensibilidad de 88% y especificidad de 91%. CONCLUSIÓN: Existe una correlación entre el índice de riesgo de malignidad de Jacobs II con el reporte anatomopatológico de tumores de ovario.


Abstract OBJECTIVE: To determine the correlation between the risk of malignancy index Jacobs II and anatomopathological result in ovarian tumors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Observational, retrospective, prospective, analytical and transversal study of patients with a diagnosis of ovarian tumor with tumor marker of Ca 125 and the result of pathology admitted to the Christus Muguerza Conchita Hospital in Nuevo León during a 2-year period (2016-2018). Risk of malignancy index Jacobs II was calculated: IRM = U x M x Ca 125. Two groups were divided according to the results of histopathology (benign and malignant). For variables of central tendency, were compared with Student's t-test adjusted to two-tailed normality (P <0.05). For categorical sampling, compared with the 2-tailed Fisher's test to describe the differences between the groups or distribution c2 (P <0.05). The sample was studied to observe risk / benefit factors (AUROC) as well as determination of the odds ratio, relative risk, sensitivity, specificity and creation of the logistic regression model of the indicators of interest. RESULTS: It was found that patients with a Jacobs II malignancy index higher than 155.22 (AUROC 0.95) were more likely to have a malignant lesion due to pathology with 88% sensitivity and 91% specificity. CONCLUSION: There is a correlation between the risk index for malignancy of Jacobs II and the anatomopathological result in ovarian tumors.

3.
Pesqui. vet. bras ; 38(9): 1800-1807, set. 2018. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-976507

ABSTRACT

O antígeno CA 15-3 é uma proteína presente no soro utilizado no acompanhamento de mulheres com câncer de mama, essencialmente na detecção de metástases. Os objetivos deste estudo foram avaliar a efetividade e a viabilidade da utilização do marcador tumoral CA 15-3 em cadelas, comparando-se os valores do marcador entre cadelas sem e com neoplasia mamária, avaliando-se alterações nos valores do marcador após a mastectomia, e suas correlações entre o tipo histológico. Foi realizada a quantificação sérica do marcador tumoral CA 15-3 (teste de eletroquimioluminescência), em vinte cadelas hígidas (grupo controle) e vinte cadelas com neoplasia mamária (grupo teste). Os animais com neoplasia tiveram a dosagem do marcador realizada antes e 10 dias após a mastectomia. Ainda, foi realiza a citologia vaginal no momento da mastectomia e foram estabelecidos três grupos de acordo com a fase estral de cada cadela, Diestro, Proestro e Anestro. As massas tumorais foram encaminhadas para exame histopatológico. A avaliação dos dados de citologia vaginal entre os grupos Diestro, Proestro e Anestro pelo teste de ANOVA não demonstrou diferença estatística significativa entre os valores encontrados. E na análise para a comparação dos valores do marcador tumoral com os tipos histológicos de neoplasias, divididas em dois grupos, benignas e malignas, utilizando o teste de Mann-Whitney Rank Sum Test, o teste não demonstrou diferença estatística significativa visto que p>0,05. Os valores encontrados do marcador no grupo controle foram uma média de 0,19+0,39 U/mL, no grupo pré-mastectomia 1,56+0,39 U/mL e pós-mastectomia 0,66+0,27 U/mL. Em análise estatística com a comparação de grupo pré e pós-mastectomia, e do grupo controle com o grupo pré e pós-mastectomia observou-se significância com p< 0,005. Assim, observou-se diferença nos valores do marcador antes e depois da remoção cirúrgica da neoplasia, sugerindo seu possível uso como controle de crescimento tumoral pós-mastectomia individual. Porém há muita variação dos resultados nos diferentes métodos existentes, e não há ainda um padrão dos valores de referência para cada método, sendo necessários mais estudos sobre o uso dos marcadores.(AU)


The CA 15-3 antigen is a protein present in the serum, used to monitor women with breast cancer, mainly in metastatic disease detection. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and feasibility of the CA 15-3 tumor marker in dogs, comparing the marker values between dogs with or without breast cancer, to estimate changes in marker values after mastectomy, and their correlation between the histological types. Serum quantification of the tumor marker CA 15-3 (electrochemiluminescence test) was performed in twenty healthy bitches and twenty others with mammary neoplasia. Bitches with cancer had the content of the tracer performed before and 10 days after mastectomy. The vaginal cytology was performed at the moment of the mastectomy, dividing the animals into three different groups (diestrus, proestrus and anestrus). All the mammary tumors were examined histopathologically. The evaluation of the vaginal cytology data of the groups Diestro, Proestro and Anestro by the ANOVA test did not show a statistically significant difference between the values ​​found. In the analysis histological types of tumor marker values of neoplasms, divided into two groups, benign and malignant, using the Mann-Whitney Rank Sum Test, there was no statistical significant difference at p>0.05. The values of the marker in the control group had an average of 0.19+0.39 U/mL, of the pre-mastectomy group 1.56+0.39 U/mL, and of the post-mastectomy group 0.66+0.27 U/mL. The statistic was performed comparing groups pre- and post-mastectomy, and the control group with group pre- and post-mastectomy with a statistical significance p< 0.005 in both tests. There was a difference of marker values ​​before and after surgical removal of the neoplasia, suggesting its possible use in post-mastectomy tumor control. But exist variation of results with the different existing methods, and there will be still a standard reference value for each method.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Dogs , Breast Neoplasms/veterinary , Biomarkers, Tumor/analysis , Dogs/abnormalities , Mucin-1 , Electrochemotherapy
4.
Rev Esp Cardiol (Engl Ed) ; 70(3): 186-193, 2017 Mar.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27623490

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Conventional risk scores have not been accurate in predicting peri- and postprocedural risk of patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). Elevated levels of the tumor marker carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125) have been linked to adverse outcomes after TAVI. We studied the additional value of CA125 to that of the EuroSCORE in predicting long-term mortality after TAVI. METHODS AND RESULTS: During a median follow-up of 59 weeks, 115 of 422 patients (27%) died after TAVI. Mortality was higher with elevated CA125 (> 30 U/mL) and EuroSCORE (> median) (47% vs 20%, P<.001 and 38% vs 16%, P<.001, respectively). In the multivariable analysis, CA125 (> 30 U/mL) remained an independent predictor of mortality (hazard ratio [HR], 2.16; 95% confidence interval [95%CI], 1.48-3.15; P<.001) and improved the predictive capability of the model (C-statistic: 0.736 vs 0.731) and the net reclassification index (51% 95%CI, 33-73) with an integrated discriminative improvement of 3.5% (95%CI, 0.5-8.4). A new variable (CA125-EuroSCORE) was created, with the combinations of the 2 possible binary states of these variables (+, elevated, -, not elevated; C1: CA125- EuroSCORE-; C2: CA125+ EuroSCORE-; C3: CA125- EuroSCORE+; C4: CA125+ EuroSCORE+). Patients in C1 exhibited the lowest cumulative mortality rate (14% [26 of 181]). Mortality was intermediate for C2 (CA125 > 30 U/mL and EuroSCORE ≤ median) and C3 (CA125 ≤ 30 U/mL and EuroSCORE > median): 27% (8 of 30) and 28% (37 of 131), respectively. Patients in C4 (CA125 > 30 U/mL and EuroSCORE > median) exhibited the highest mortality (55% [44 of 80], P-value for trend<.001). CONCLUSIONS: CA125 offers additional prognostic information beyond that obtained by the EuroSCORE. Elevation of both markers was associated with a poor prognosis.


Subject(s)
Aortic Valve Stenosis/surgery , CA-125 Antigen/metabolism , Membrane Proteins/metabolism , Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement/mortality , Aged , Aortic Valve Stenosis/mortality , Female , Humans , Male , Prognosis , Prospective Studies , Risk Assessment/methods , Severity of Illness Index
5.
Med. lab ; 23(5/6): 213-236, may-jun. 2017. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-883579

ABSTRACT

Resumen: la hormona antimülleriana es una glicoproteína homodimérica perteneciente a la superfamilia del factor de crecimiento transformantes beta (TGF-ß). Esta hormona desempeña un papel fundamental en la regresión de los conductos müllerianos en el embrión masculino. En los niños se produce en los testículos, por las células de Sertoli, hasta la pubertad y a partir de allí disminuye lentamente a valores residuales por el resto de la vida. En las mujeres la hormona antimülleriana es secretada por las células de la granulosa de pequeños folículos en el ovario, donde sus niveles reflejan con exactitud la reserva folicular ovárica. Por tal motivo, esta hormona es considerada un marcador extremadamente sensible del envejecimiento ovárico y una herramienta valiosa en el diagnóstico y el reconocimiento de la recurrencia de tumores de células de la granulosa. La evaluación de la hormona antimülleriana también es de importancia clínica en la predicción de la respuesta ovárica, el cese de la función ovárica y la reproducción asistida. Además, puede servir como marcador diagnóstico del síndrome de ovario poliquístico, en los casos en que el examen ultrasonográfico no sea posible de realizar. Finalmente, la medición de los niveles séricos de la hormona antimülleriana, durante la vida reproductiva de la mujer, representa una herramienta ideal para la evaluación de la reserva folicular ovárica. En esta revisión se presenta el rol fisiológico de la hormona antimülleriana en las mujeres, al igual que las principales utilidades clínicas de su medición y las pruebas de laboratorio disponibles para este fin. (AU)


Abstract: Anti-mullerian hormone is a homodimeric glycoprotein belonging to the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-ß) super family. Anti-mullerian hormone plays a fundamental role in the regression of mullerian ducts in male embryo. In boys, it is produced by Sertoli cells of the testes until puberty where slowly decreases to residual values for the rest of the life. In female, it is secreted by granulosa cells of small follicles in the ovary where their levels accurately reflect the ovarian follicular reserve. Therefore, anti-mullerian hormone has been considered as extremely sensitive marker of ovarian aging and a valuable tool in the diagnosis and the recognition of recurrence of granulosa cell tumor. Anti-mullerian hormone evaluation is also of clinical importance in predicting of ovarian responsiveness, ovarian function cessation, and in assisted reproduction. In addition, anti-mullerian hormone could be a diagnostic marker of polycystic ovary syndrome in cases in which ultrasonographic examination is not possible. Finally, the measurement of serum anti-mullerian hormone levels during woman's reproductive life represents an ideal tool for the assessment of the ovarian follicular reserve. This review presents the physiological role of anti-mullerian hormone in women, as well as the main clinical benefits of its measurement and the laboratory tests available for this purpose. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Sexual Vulnerability
6.
Medisan ; 20(7)jul.-jul. 2016.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: lil-788929

ABSTRACT

La metástasis hepática es frecuente en el curso de diversos tumores primarios y, en ocasiones, esta es la primera en ser diagnosticada. Lograr una certera descripción del hígado metastásico desde el punto de vista funcional y anatómico es indispensable para indicar un tratamiento oportuno. Sobre la base de tales reflexiones se exponen algunos aspectos relacionados con los principales medios de diagnóstico empleados en pacientes con este proceso morboso.


Hepatic metastasis is frequent in the course of diverse primary tumors and, sometimes, this it is the first in being diagnosed. Achieving a precise description of the metastatic liver from the functional and anatomical point of view is indispensable to indicate an opportune treatment. On the base of these statements, some aspects related to the main diagnosis means used in patients with this morbid process are exposed.


Subject(s)
Liver Cirrhosis , Neoplasm Metastasis , Secondary Care
7.
Medisan ; 20(7)jul. 2016.
Article in Spanish | CUMED | ID: cum-63644

ABSTRACT

La metástasis hepática es frecuente en el curso de diversos tumores primarios y, en ocasiones, esta es la primera en ser diagnosticada. Lograr una certera descripción del hígado metastásico desde el punto de vista funcional y anatómico es indispensable para indicar un tratamiento oportuno. Sobre la base de tales reflexiones se exponen algunos aspectos relacionados con los principales medios de diagnóstico empleados en pacientes con este proceso morboso(AU)


Hepatic metastasis is frequent in the course of diverse primary tumors and, sometimes, this it is the first in being diagnosed. Achieving a precise description of the metastatic liver from the functional and anatomical point of view is indispensable to indicate an opportune treatment. On the base of these statements, some aspects related to the main diagnosis means used in patients with this morbid process are exposed(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Secondary Care , Neoplasm Metastasis , Biomarkers, Pharmacological , Liver Neoplasms , Neoplasms
8.
Medisan ; 20(1)ene.-ene. 2016.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: lil-774459

ABSTRACT

Se presenta el caso clínico de una paciente de 21 años de edad, quien acudió a la consulta de Oncología del Hospital Gubernamental de Mbabane en Suazilandia por presentar un nódulo en la mama derecha con manifestaciones de dolor intenso desde hacía 1 mes. Fue remitida a la consulta de Cirugía donde le realizaron una biopsia con aguja gruesa, cuyo resultado indicó la presencia de un carcinoma ductal invasivo, clasificado en estadio IIIB al realizar los exámenes complementarios necesarios. La paciente fue trasladada a Sudáfrica para recibir quimioterapia neoadyuvante, con la cual obtuvo mejoría evolutiva clínica y humoral, evidenciada por la reducción del tumor y las cifras del marcador tumoral CA 15-3.


The case report of a 21 years patient who went to the Oncology service in the Government Hospital of Mbabane in Suaziland is presented. She had a nodule in her right breast with manifestations of acute pain for a month. She was referred to the Surgery service where she underwent a core-needle biopsy whose result indicated the presence of a ductal invasive carcinoma, classified in IIIB stage when carrying out the necessary complementary tests. The patient was transferred to South Africa to receive neoadyuvant chemotherapy, with which clinical and humoral response was obtained which was evidenced by tumor reduction and the values of the tumoral marker CA 15-3.


Subject(s)
Breast Neoplasms , Chemotherapy, Adjuvant , Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/drug therapy , Biomarkers, Tumor
9.
Medisan ; 20(1)ene. 2016.
Article in Spanish | CUMED | ID: cum-62316

ABSTRACT

Se presenta el caso clínico de una paciente de 21 años de edad, quien acudió a la consulta de Oncología del Hospital Gubernamental de Mbabane en Suazilandia por presentar un nódulo en la mama derecha con manifestaciones de dolor intenso desde hacía 1 mes. Fue remitida a la consulta de Cirugía donde le realizaron una biopsia con aguja gruesa, cuyo resultado indicó la presencia de un carcinoma ductal invasivo, clasificado en estadio IIIB al realizar los exámenes complementarios necesarios. La paciente fue trasladada a Sudáfrica para recibir quimioterapia neoadyuvante, con la cual obtuvo mejoría evolutiva clínica y humoral, evidenciada por la reducción del tumor y las cifras del marcador tumoral CA 15-3(AU)


The case report of a 21 years patient who went to the Oncology service in the Government Hospital of Mbabane in Suaziland is presented. She had a nodule in her right breast with manifestations of acute pain for a month. She was referred to the Surgery service where she underwent a core-needle biopsy whose result indicated the presence of a ductal invasive carcinoma, classified in IIIB stage when carrying out the necessary complementary tests. The patient was transferred to South Africa to receive neoadyuvant chemotherapy, with which clinical and humoral response was obtained which was evidenced by tumor reduction and the values of the tumoral marker CA 15-3(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Young Adult , Breast Neoplasms , Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/drug therapy , Chemotherapy, Adjuvant , Biomarkers, Tumor
10.
Rev Calid Asist ; 30(6): 327-34, 2015.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26410238

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: Gender is one of the factors that can influence the use of health resources. The use of tumour markers is widespread, due to the importance of these in monitoring cancer development. The aim of this study is to analyse the influence of gender on the use of tumour markers, and to investigate whether there are differences in their use. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A longitudinal, retrospective and descriptive study, with a 2-year follow-up, was conducted in the catchment area of the University Hospital of Padua. An analysis was performed on 23,059 analytical requests for tumour markers. A descriptive and frequency analysis was performed on all variables. The statistical analysis was performed using Chi squared, Student t and Mann-Whitney U to test for significance. RESULTS: The number of requests for women (1.5) was lower than men (1.6). In patients with tumour pathology, the number of requests was higher than in patients without tumour disease. In the analysis by disease and gender, the difference remained significant. As regards the number of tumour markers per request, the difference between genders was also significant: 2.13 in males versus 2.85 in women. Similar results were obtained when requests for tumour markers linked to gender-related diseases were eliminated. CONCLUSIONS: There are differences in the use of tumour markers by gender with the number of requests for male patients being higher than for females. However, the number of tumour markers per request is greater in women than in men.


Subject(s)
Biomarkers, Tumor/analysis , Neoplasms/chemistry , Patient Acceptance of Health Care , Practice Patterns, Physicians' , Sex Factors , Clinical Laboratory Information Systems , Female , Hospitals, University , Humans , Italy , Male , Neoplasms/epidemiology , Patient Acceptance of Health Care/statistics & numerical data , Retrospective Studies , Sex Distribution
11.
Med Clin (Barc) ; 145(12): 526-8, 2015 Dec 21.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26169333

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Improper clinical use of tumor markers (TM) may cause unnecessary additional studies to confirm or refute a positive result. After observing 2 adverse events due to a wrong use of TM, a protocol for improving their use was implemented. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of the implementation of the protocol. MATERIAL AND METHOD: This was a pre-postintervention study, where analytical requests of carcinoembryonic antigen, CA15.3, CA19.9 and CA125 were analyzed during one year in patients not undergoing checking of neoplasia. A protocol was implemented and physicians were trained as recommended by the European Group on Tumor Markers, limiting its use to monitor the disease and its treatment. The study period was 2010-2014. RESULTS: The total number of requests dropped 50.81% and the percentage of adequacy of TM increased, each year, from 31.03 to 77.91%. CONCLUSIONS: The implementation of a protocol for the proper use of TM contributes to a safer use, avoiding incorrect studies and unnecessary and harmful tests for the patient.


Subject(s)
Biomarkers, Tumor/blood , Guideline Adherence/statistics & numerical data , Neoplasms/diagnosis , Practice Patterns, Physicians'/statistics & numerical data , Unnecessary Procedures/statistics & numerical data , Clinical Protocols , Humans , Neoplasms/blood , Patient Safety , Practice Guidelines as Topic , Prospective Studies
12.
Medisan ; 17(12): 9158-9163, dic. 2013.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-697473

ABSTRACT

Se describe el caso clínico de un paciente de 61 años de edad, con antecedentes de resección de un quiste tirogloso en 1991, a quien, en el 2002, se le diagnosticó un carcinoma ductal infiltrante de la mama izquierda en estadio IB en el Hospital Oncológico Docente Provincial "Conrado Benítez García" de Santiago de Cuba, donde se le realizó una mastectomía radical modificada de Madden y, posteriormente, tratamiento radiante y quimioterapia. En 2008, durante el seguimiento clínico del paciente, se obtuvieron varios niveles elevados de antígeno carbohidrato 15-3, por lo que se iniciaron algunos estudios para detectar posibles metástasis ocultas y, un año más tarde, se localizó un nódulo en el lóbulo izquierdo de la glándula tiroides, por lo que se le practicó la tiroidectomía total y el resultado de la biopsia confirmó la presencia de un carcinoma papilar con patrón folicular, en etapa III. La evolución del paciente, en cuanto a los 2 tipos de cáncer, fue satisfactoria.


The case report of a 61-year-old patient with history of a thyroglossal cyst resection in 1991 is described, who in 2002 was diagnosed with infiltrating ductal carcinoma of his left breast in stage IB in "Conrado Benítez García" Provincial Teaching Oncology Hospital of Santiago de Cuba, where he underwent a Madden modified radical mastectomy and then he received radiotherapy and chemotherapy. In 2008, during clinical follow several high levels of carbohydrate antigen 15-3 were obtained, so studies were initiated to detect possible hidden metastasis, and a year later a nodule was located in the left lobe of thyroid gland, and he underwent total thyroidectomy and the result of biopsy confirmed the presence of a papillary carcinoma with follicular pattern in stage III. The progress of patient regarding the two types of cancer was satisfactory.

13.
Medisan ; 17(12)dic. 2013.
Article in Spanish | CUMED | ID: cum-55791

ABSTRACT

Se describe el caso clínico de un paciente de 61 años de edad, con antecedentes de resección de un quiste tirogloso en 1991, a quien, en el 2002, se le diagnosticó un carcinoma ductal infiltrante de la mama izquierda en estadio IB en el Hospital Oncológico Docente Provincial Conrado Benítez García de Santiago de Cuba, donde se le realizó una mastectomía radical modificada de Madden y, posteriormente, tratamiento radiante y quimioterapia. En 2008, durante el seguimiento clínico del paciente, se obtuvieron varios niveles elevados de antígeno carbohidrato 15-3, por lo que se iniciaron algunos estudios para detectar posibles metástasis ocultas y, un año más tarde, se localizó un nódulo en el lóbulo izquierdo de la glándula tiroides, por lo que se le practicó la tiroidectomía total y el resultado de la biopsia confirmó la presencia de un carcinoma papilar con patrón folicular, en etapa III. La evolución del paciente, en cuanto a los 2 tipos de cáncer, fue satisfactoria(AU)


The case report of a 61-year-old patient with history of a thyroglossal cyst resection in 1991 is described, who in 2002 was diagnosed with infiltrating ductal carcinoma of his left breast in stage IB in Conrado Benítez García Provincial Teaching Oncology Hospital of Santiago de Cuba, where he underwent a Madden modified radical mastectomy and then he received radiotherapy and chemotherapy. In 2008, during clinical follow several high levels of carbohydrate antigen 15-3 were obtained, so studies were initiated to detect possible hidden metastasis, and a year later a nodule was located in the left lobe of thyroid gland, and he underwent total thyroidectomy and the result of biopsy confirmed the presence of a papillary carcinoma with follicular pattern in stage III. The progress of patient regarding the two types of cancer was satisfactory(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Breast Neoplasms , Thyroid Neoplasms , Carcinoma , Radiography
14.
Rev. chil. obstet. ginecol ; 77(4): 291-295, 2012. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-656345

ABSTRACT

Las metástasis óseas suponen el 65-75 por ciento de casos de cáncer de mama avanzado. Los marcadores tumorales (CA 15.3, CEA) son útiles en el seguimiento de las pacientes y en la valoración de la respuesta al tratamiento. En el cáncer de mama metastásico de bajo grado, el tratamiento hormonal es la opción terapéutica más acertada debido a la baja toxicidad y alta probabilidad de respuesta generalmente de larga duración a la que se asocia. Se presenta el caso de una paciente con cáncer de mama tratado con cirugía, quimioterapia y radioterapia, asintomática durante el seguimiento y en la que metástasis óseas múltiples son detectadas a partir de una elevación del marcador CA 15.3. La hormonoterapia es el tratamiento pautado inicialmente con buena respuesta y tolerancia. Dicho tratamiento logra estabilizar las lesiones óseas durante 7 años y es precisamente al suspenderlo cuando aparecen nuevas lesiones también a nivel óseo detectadas de nuevo ante un incremento del marcador CA 15.3. La terapia hormonal pautada de nuevo vuelve a conseguir estabilizar las lesiones.


Bone metastases are involved in a 65-75 percent of advanced metastatic breast cancer cases. Tumoral markers (CEA, CA 15.3) are useful in the follow-up and evaluation of response to treatment. Hormonal therapy is the optimal treatment option in low grade metastatic breast cancer due to low toxicity and general long term good response. We present a breast cancer case treated with surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The patient was asymptomatic during the follow-up and multiple bone metastases were diagnosed as a result of an increased CA 15.3 marker found. Hormone therapy was the recommended initial treatment with good response and tolerance. Bone lesions remained stabilized for 7 years but after treatment suspension new bone lesions appeared. CA 15.3 marker had increased again. Reintroduction of hormonal therapy achieved again the stabilization of the lesions.


Subject(s)
Female , Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal/therapeutic use , Aromatase Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Mucin-1/analysis , Bone Neoplasms/drug therapy , Bone Neoplasms/secondary , Breast Neoplasms/pathology , Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use , Bone Density Conservation Agents/therapeutic use , Biomarkers, Tumor/analysis , Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy , Nitriles/therapeutic use , Treatment Outcome , Tamoxifen/therapeutic use , Triazoles/therapeutic use
15.
São Paulo; s.n; 2010. 19 p. tab, ilus.
Non-conventional in Portuguese | Coleciona SUS, HSPM-Producao, Sec. Munic. Saúde SP, Sec. Munic. Saúde SP | ID: biblio-936872

ABSTRACT

Retinoblastoma é o tumor mais frequente na infância. Esta rara neoplasia ocorre de duas formas: esporádica e hereditária. Quando os dois olhos são afetados pela doença diz-se que é hereditária. A possibilidade de uma segunda neoplasia nos pacientes portadores da forma hereditária é mais freqüente do que na forma esporádica. O osteossarcoma é a segunda malignidade mais freqüente, após retinoblastoma, e pode estar associada com mutação do gene Rb. O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a expressão imunoistoquímica do p53 e Rb em pacientes portadores de osteossarcoma, como segundo tumor, após retinoblastoma. Todos os pacientes expressaram Rb negativamente. Em dois casos, a expressão do p53 não representou evento condicionante para o desenvolvimento de osteossarcoma. A mutação do gene Rb parece exercer função importante no processo de oncogênese do osteossarcoma, como segunda malignidade, após o osteossarcoma


Subject(s)
Humans , Bone Neoplasms , Immunohistochemistry , Retinoblastoma
16.
São Paulo; s.n; 2010. 19 p. tab, ilus.
Thesis in Portuguese | Sec. Munic. Saúde SP, HSPM-Producao, Sec. Munic. Saúde SP, Sec. Munic. Saúde SP | ID: sms-963

ABSTRACT

Retinoblastoma é o tumor mais frequente na infância. Esta rara neoplasia ocorre de duas formas: esporádica e hereditária. Quando os dois olhos são afetados pela doença diz-se que é hereditária. A possibilidade de uma segunda neoplasia nos pacientes portadores da forma hereditária é mais freqüente do que na forma esporádica. O osteossarcoma é a segunda malignidade mais freqüente, após retinoblastoma, e pode estar associada com mutação do gene Rb. O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a expressão imunoistoquímica do p53 e Rb em pacientes portadores de osteossarcoma, como segundo tumor, após retinoblastoma. Todos os pacientes expressaram Rb negativamente. Em dois casos, a expressão do p53 não representou evento condicionante para o desenvolvimento de osteossarcoma. A mutação do gene Rb parece exercer função importante no processo de oncogênese do osteossarcoma, como segunda malignidade, após o osteossarcoma (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Bone Neoplasms , Immunohistochemistry , Retinoblastoma
17.
Medicina (Guayaquil) ; 13(2): 129-133, mar. 2008. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-617729

ABSTRACT

Se reporta el caso de una paciente de 40 años de edad, sexo femenino, con dolor en lengua y períodos de disfonía. Al examen físico se observó masa tumoral exofítica, dura y ulcerada en parte lateral de la lengua. Es sometida a glosectomía parcial; se envía la masa tumoral a patología donde se diagnostica carcinoma epidermoide de lengua.


Patient: female, 40 years old, with pain in the tongue and dysphonia periods. Physical examination revealed a tumor mass, exophytic, hard, ulcerated at the side of the tongue. A partial glossectomy was made; tumor was sent to Pathology where the diagnosis is made: tongue epidermoid carcinoma.


Subject(s)
Female , Middle Aged , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell , Tongue Neoplasms , Glossectomy , Leukoplakia
18.
São Paulo; s.n; 2008. 24 p. tab, ilus.
Non-conventional in Portuguese | Coleciona SUS, HSPM-Producao, Sec. Munic. Saúde SP, Sec. Munic. Saúde SP | ID: biblio-936957

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: este estudo avaliou a expressão imunoistoquímica dos marcadores no Tumor de Células Gigantes (TCG) e a relação destes com a ocorrência de recidiva tumoral, metástase e malignidade. Métodos: foram avaliados retrospectivamente os prontuários de 18 pacientes que apresentaram TCG ósseo, confirmados pelo anatomopatológico; no período de 1959 a 2006. Nas reações de imunoistoquímica, verificou-se a expressão de interleucina-6 (IL-6), metaloproteinase 9 (MMP-9), fator de crescimento endotelial vascular (VEGF), sistema ativador de plasminogênio, tipo uroquinase (u-PA) e seu receptor (u-PAR). Resultados: dos 18 pacientes avaliados, sete (39%) apresentaram recidiva local e um (6%) caso era um TCG maligno que evoluiu com metástase pulmonar. Houve expressão dos marcadores nos pacientes analisados, em intensidades variadas. Para a IL-6 citoplasmática houve associação significativa (p=0,035) para o grupo com recidiva local. Não houve relação estatisticamente significativa entre os outros marcadores e a ocorrênica de recidiva local. O caso que apresentou malignidade e metástase pulmonar esteve associado com forte marcação para VEGF, u-PA, IL-6 e MMP-9, e fraca para u-PAR. Conclusões: os marcadores estudados não apresentaram significância estatística em relação a ocorrência de recidiva local, à exceção do IL-6 citoplasmático. Apesar da forte expressão dos marcadores no caso de metástase e malignidade, não podemos concluir esta correlação devido a ocorrência de apenas um caso


Subject(s)
Humans , Cytogenetics , Giant Cell Tumor of Bone , Molecular Biology
19.
São Paulo; s.n; 2008. 24 p. tab, ilus.
Non-conventional in Portuguese | Sec. Munic. Saúde SP, HSPM-Producao, Sec. Munic. Saúde SP, Sec. Munic. Saúde SP | ID: sms-1132

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: este estudo avaliou a expressão imunoistoquímica dos marcadores no Tumor de Células Gigantes (TCG) e a relação destes com a ocorrência de recidiva tumoral, metástase e malignidade. Métodos: foram avaliados retrospectivamente os prontuários de 18 pacientes que apresentaram TCG ósseo, confirmados pelo anatomopatológico; no período de 1959 a 2006. Nas reações de imunoistoquímica, verificou-se a expressão de interleucina-6 (IL-6), metaloproteinase 9 (MMP-9), fator de crescimento endotelial vascular (VEGF), sistema ativador de plasminogênio, tipo uroquinase (u-PA) e seu receptor (u-PAR). Resultados: dos 18 pacientes avaliados, sete (39%) apresentaram recidiva local e um (6%) caso era um TCG maligno que evoluiu com metástase pulmonar. Houve expressão dos marcadores nos pacientes analisados, em intensidades variadas. Para a IL-6 citoplasmática houve associação significativa (p=0,035) para o grupo com recidiva local. Não houve relação estatisticamente significativa entre os outros marcadores e a ocorrênica de recidiva local. O caso que apresentou malignidade e metástase pulmonar esteve associado com forte marcação para VEGF, u-PA, IL-6 e MMP-9, e fraca para u-PAR. Conclusões: os marcadores estudados não apresentaram significância estatística em relação a ocorrência de recidiva local, à exceção do IL-6 citoplasmático. Apesar da forte expressão dos marcadores no caso de metástase e malignidade, não podemos concluir esta correlação devido a ocorrência de apenas um caso (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Giant Cell Tumor of Bone , Molecular Biology , Cytogenetics
20.
ABCD (São Paulo, Impr.) ; 20(4): 250-253, out.-dez. 2007. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: lil-622269

ABSTRACT

RACIONAL: O adenocarcinoma de cólon é a segunda causa mais comum de morte por câncer em homens e mulheres, sendo responsável por mais de cinco milhões de mortes por ano. No momento do diagnóstico apenas 70% dos tumores são ressecáveis, 75% são curáveis e 25% poderão ter recorrência da doença. A apoptose é uma das responsáveis pelo equilíbrio homeostático entre as células. Durante o desenvolvimento do processo de degeneração maligna celular o desequilíbrio na apoptose é considerado um dos principais marcos neoplásicos. A caspase-3 é uma das mais importantes moléculas na apoptose, sendo sua efetora principal. Sua expressão e prognóstico têm sido relatados em vários estudos e revisões com seu papel valorizado desde o surgimento do pólipo até a sua transformação maligna, com a taxa de apoptose diminuindo progressivamente. OBJETIVOS: Avaliar a expressão citofotométrica computadorizada do marcador Caspase-3 no adenocarcinoma de cólon; avaliá-lo nas fases evolutivas na classificação modificada de Dukes e comparar sua expressão nos tumores do lado direito e esquerdo do cólon. MÉTODOS: Utilizaram-se 19 casos de câncer recuperados de blocos de parafina confirmados por hematoxilina-eosina e submetidos à técnica imunoistoquímica da estreptavidina-biotina com anticorpo policlonal anti-caspase-3. Após este processo as lâminas marcadas foram submetidas à leitura pelo sistema SAMBA com o software IMUNNO 4.00. Foram analisados três índices: marcagem (Label index), heterogeneidade e densidade óptica. Utilizaram-se a marcagem individual, avaliação da expressão do marcador e grupos definidos de tumores com classificação Dukes e pelo lado do tumor. RESULTADOS: A média do índice de marcagem da caspase-3 foi de 85,24 e da densidade óptica de 39,55. Na classificação Dukes de 12 tipos B tiveram índice de marcagem de 86,20 e a densidade óptica de 37,72 e para os 7 tipos C a área de marcagem foi de 85,66 e a densidade óptica foi de 42,71 não sendo possível identificar diferença em relação a classificação de Dukes. Quanto ao lado do tumor os 11 tumores à esquerda tiveram índice de marcagem de 86,65 e densidade óptica de 43,29 e os 8 à direita tíndice de marcagem de 83,29 e densidade óptica de 39,44 não sendo possível observar diferença estatística significante. CONCLUSÕES: A caspase-3 possui alta expressão individual revelando-se marcador de boa utilidade no estudo do adenocarcinoma de cólon e da fase pró-apoptóica da sua tumorigênese pelo seu alto grau de índice de marcagem e densidade óptica. Em relação à classificação Dukes não houve diferença entre os tipos B e C, como também em relação ao lado direito e esquerdo do cólon.


BACKGROUND: Colon adenocarcinoma is the second cause of cancer death in men and women, responsible for more than five million deaths each year. At the diagnosis, only 70% of tumors are resectable, 75% curative and 25% might have disease recurrence. Apoptosis is responsible for homeostatic equilibrium among cells. During the development of the cellular malignant degeneration, an abnormal apoptosis plays an important role in the neoplasm transformation. Caspase-3 is one of the most important molecules in apoptosis, considered as the principal executioner. Caspase-3 expression and its prognosis have been mentioned in a variety of study and revision as its role being emphasized since the onset of polyp formation until the malignant transformation, as apoptosis declines progressively. AIM: To evaluate the computerized image cytophotometric expression of Caspase-3 in colon adenocarcinoma; to evaluate in the respective phases of Dukes-modified Classification and to compare its expression on right-sided and left-sided colon tumors. METHODS: Nineteen recovery of sampled-tissue in paraffin blocks confirmed by hematoxylin-eosin and submitted to immunohistochemistry estreptavidin-biotin method using antibody polyclonal anti-caspase-3. Following this process, marked slides were submitted SAMBA reading using software IMUNNO 4.00. Three indexes were analyzed: label index, heterogeneity and optical density. Individual labeling, marker expression evaluation and predefined tumors groups under Dukes Classification and side of tumor occurrence were considered. RESULTS: The average labeling index for caspase-3 was 85,24, where as for optical density was 39,55 pixels. According to Dukes Classification, 12 type B presented labeling index of 86,20 and optical density of 37,72 and for 7 samples type C labeling index corresponded to 85,66 and optical density equals to 42,71, unable to identify the difference regarding to Dukes Classification. Regarding to the side of tumor occurrence, 11 left-sided tumors had labeling index of 86,65 and optical density of 43,29 and the 8 right-sided tumors had labeling index of 83,29 and optical density of 39,44, unable to observe significant statistical difference. CONCLUSION: Caspase-3 presents a distinct value expression, revealing as useful marker in colon adenocarcinoma study and its proapoptotic phase at the tumorigenesis due to its high labeling index and optical density. Regarding to Dukes Classification there was no difference between types B and C, as well as right and left sided-related colon tumor occurrence.

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