The Eschucha (Listen) Podcast Project: Psychosocial Innovation for Marginalized Mexican Youth and Young Adults.

The COVID-19 pandemic was a challenging period for young people in Mexico, particularly those already contending with social and structural inequality. In March 2021, the Colectivo Frontera, a research collective based in Mexico City, Mexico, which works on advancing equity and psychosocial wellbeing among marginalized communities, carried out an 8-week, online project to provide psychosocial support and promote resilience for marginalized young people from different locations in Mexico. The project entailed weekly journaling with the Pandemic Journaling Project (PJP), as well as weekly phone sessions with a mental health specialist who provided emotional support (acompañamiento emocional) through practices of active listening. The project culminated in the Escucha (Listen) Podcast for which each youth participant created an episode about their experiences during the pandemic. Many also submitted a photo to accompany their recording; one produced a song. Participant episodes were compiled into a series of five chapters. Each chapter of the podcast centers on a common theme, including reflections on loved ones lost to COVID-19, social fragmentation, gender-based constraints on expressing emotions, and the experiences and perspectives of children. The project provides a compelling example of a low-cost approach to providing support for the mental health and wellbeing of marginalized young people. It also demonstrates the importance of creating projects that help young people make meaningful connections and that leverage their creativity to foster resilience, improve social cohesion, and elevate their perspectives and voices.

Family-Based WhatsApp Intervention to Promote Healthy Eating Behaviors Among Amazonian School Children: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial.

BACKGROUND: Stunting and micronutrient deficiencies have persistently affected children in the Brazilian Amazon for decades. However, in recent years, a notable increase in childhood overweight prevalence has been observed, particularly in the context of heightened food insecurity exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite the limited number of effective solutions proposed to tackle this problem, digital interventions have shown great promise worldwide in preventing obesity and promoting healthy diets. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to describe the protocol of a family-based WhatsApp intervention, specifically designed to investigate the efficacy of multimedia messaging in preventing excessive weight gain and improving healthy eating practices among school-aged children in the Amazon region. METHODS: This study protocol outlines a theory-driven randomized controlled trial based on the cognitive theory of multimedia learning and the social cognitive theory. A total of 240 parents or caregivers of children enrolled in the Maternal and Child Health and Nutrition Cohort Study in Acre (MINA-Brazil) will be recruited by phone and social media. The intervention group will receive persuasive multimedia messages through WhatsApp over 19 weeks, while the waitlist control group will remain in the usual care. The primary outcome is a change in children's BMI in z score. Secondary outcomes are changes in dietary intake and biochemical indicators of the children. Outcome measures will be assessed at baseline and 5 months after randomization in comparison to usual care. The analysis will use an intent-to-treat approach and will be conducted using the statistical package Stata (version 18.0), with a significance level set at P<.05. Paired and unpaired 2-tailed t tests will be applied to compare mean changes in the outcomes. RESULTS: Data collection started in June 2023, and final measurements are scheduled to be completed in December 2023. The results of the main analysis are expected to be available in 2024. CONCLUSIONS: This innovative multimedia message intervention holds significant potential for fostering behavioral changes among Amazonian children. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Brazilian Clinical Trials Registry RBR-5zdnw6t; https://ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/rg/RBR-5zdnw6t. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID): DERR1-10.2196/54446.

Software educativo como herramienta para el aprendizaje de plexos nerviosos somáticos en estudiantes de medicina

Introducción: Las características morfofuncionales de los plexos nerviosos somáticos resulta imprescindible para entender las principales lesiones de estos y la realización del examen físico, por ello este tema se estudia en todas las especialidades de las Ciencias de la Salud. Objetivo: Elaborar un software educativo que facilite el aprendizaje de las características morfofuncionales de los plexos nerviosos somáticos. Métodos: Se realizó una innovación tecnológica para elaborar un software educativo referido a los plexos nerviosos somáticos, dirigido a estudiantes del primer año de medicina. La investigación se desarrolló de septiembre 2021 a febrero 2022, se utilizó el programa CrheaSoft versión 3.1, el software Adobe PhotoShop CS4 para el procesamiento de imágenes y la suite ofimática Microsoft Office 2003 para la elaboración de textos. Resultados: El software quedó estructurado en seis módulos: inicio, temario, juegos, ejercicios, mediateca, complemento y créditos-ayuda, que muestran la información recopilada del tema y permiten la interacción con los estudiantes en todas las actividades docentes en las que se puede utilizar el producto. En la validación por criterio de expertos y de usuario, todos los aspectos fueron evaluados en la categoría de excelente y bien. Conclusiones: La creación de este software educativo constituye una vía para que el estudiante tenga acceso a la información actualizada y científica, organizada sobre las características morfofuncionales de los plexos nerviosos somáticos, que facilite la asimilación de estos contenidos en una etapa en que se han producido cambios en los escenarios docentes y en los planes de estudio de las carreras de las Ciencias de la Salud.

Introduction: Morphological characteristics of the somatic nervous plexuses result very important to understand the main injuries of them and to do the physical examination, that's why this topic is studied in all the specialties of the Health Sciences. Objective: To elaborate an educational software that facilitates the learning process of the characteristic of the somatic nervous plexuses. Methods: A technological innovation to elaborate an educational software related to somatic nervous plexuses for the first year medical students was done. The investigation was performed from September 2021 to February 2021. It was used CrheaSoft program, version 3.1, the software Adobe PhotoShop CS4 to process the imagining and the suite Office 2003 for text writing. Results: The software was structured in six modules: presentation, contents, games, exercises, anatomical images, complements and credits-help, which shows the organized information by contents and the interactions with the students in all the teaching activities where this product could be used. In the validation by expert and user criteria, all the aspects of the software were evaluated in the category of excellent and good. Conclusions: The creation of this educational software constitute a way for the students to get access to the scientific, very well organized and updated information about morphological characteristics of the somatic nervous plexuses, that facilitate the assimilation of this topics at the present where important changes has taken place at the medical schools and the study plans of Health Sciences degrees.

Multimedia Fitosoft: una fuente para el aprendizaje de la Medicina Natural y Tradicional / Multimedia Fitosoft: A Source for Learning about Natural and Traditional Medicine

Introducción: El origen de la Medicina Natural y Tradicional está íntimamente unido al de la humanidad y a la historia del hombre en su lucha por la supervivencia. Las plantas medicinales constituyen, desde épocas remotas, un recurso terapéutico útil y accesible para resolver problemas de salud. Objetivo: Evaluar la utilidad de la multimedia Fitosoft para el conocimiento sobre la Medicina Natural y Tradicional en los estudiantes de tercer año de la carrera de medicina de la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas de Bayamo. Métodos: La multimedia fue realizada en el período 2020-2021, con la aplicación de las herramientas: JClic Author y Gimpshop con licencia GPL/ Linux. Para determinar su efectividad, se realizó un estudio preexperimento sin grupo control mediante encuestas a estudiantes. El universo estuvo constituido por todos los estudiantes de tercer año de la carrera de medicina (231) y la muestra conformada por 60 estudiantes seleccionados por muestreo aleatorio simple. Resultados: Antes de aplicar la multimedia, 21 estudiantes reflejaron un bajo nivel de conocimientos (70 por ciento). Después de utilizar el producto informático, 27 de los encuestados mostraron un alto nivel de conocimientos (90 por ciento). Conclusiones: La multimedia Fitosoft resulta de gran utilidad como medio de enseñanza para los alumnos de tercer año de la carrera de medicina, pues incrementa el nivel de conocimientos sobre la Medicina Natural y Tradicional(AU)

Introduction: The origin of natural and traditional medicine is intimately linked to that of humanity and the history of mankind in his struggle for survival. Since ancient times, medicinal plants have been a useful and accessible therapeutic resource to solve health problems. Objective: To assess the usefulness of the multimedia Fitosoft for the knowledge about natural and traditional medicine among third-academic-year students from the Medicine major at Facultad de Ciencias Médicas de Bayamo. Methods: The multimedia was created in the period 2020-2021, with the application of the tools JClic Author and Gimpshop under a GPL/Linux license. To determine its effectiveness, a preexperimental study without a control group was carried out by means of student surveys. The study universe consisted of all third-academic-year medical students (231) and the sample consisted of 60 students selected by simple random sampling. Results: Before applying the multimedia, 21 students showed a low level of knowledge (70 percent). After using the computer product, 27 of the respondents showed a high level of knowledge (90 percent). Conclusions: The multimedia Fitosoft is very useful as a teaching medium for third-academic-year medical students because it increases their level of knowledge about natural and traditional medicine(AU)

Multimedia educativa para desarrollar en estudiantes la correlación clínico-imagenológica en la asignatura Cirugía

Introducción: Durante el proceso docente educativo en la asignatura de Cirugía, los estudiantes necesitan apoyarse en estudios imagenológicos y correlacionarlos con su planteamiento clínico para arribar a un diagnóstico certero. Sobre esta base proponen un tratamiento óptimo a pacientes con afecciones quirúrgicas, por lo cual requieren un adecuado desarrollo de esta habilidad. El avance de las tecnologías de la información y las comunicaciones, y las condiciones en las universidades de ciencias médicas, permiten su utilización como recurso del aprendizaje, en especial una de sus herramientas: la multimedia educativa. Objetivo: Diseñar una multimedia que permita el desarrollo de la correlación clínico-imagenológica en los estudiantes de la asignatura Cirugía. Métodos: Se realizó una investigación educativa de desarrollo tecnológico. En su diseño se utilizaron métodos teóricos: el histórico-lógico, el análisis documental, el enfoque sistémico estructural y el inductivo-deductivo; y empíricos: encuestas, entrevistas, observación, consulta a expertos y triangulación metodológica. Resultados: Se obtuvo una lista de dificultades y de potencialidades, que permitieron construir el contenido de una multimedia, cuyo diseño de carácter marxista-leninista contiene un enfoque pedagógico constructivista, flexible y abierto, con el fin de propiciar la autonomía, la colaboración, el estudio independiente y la innovación virtual. Conclusiones: Se identificaron necesidades de aprendizaje para una adecuada correlación clínico-imagenológica. Las habilidades fundamentales a desarrollar fueron la descripción del estudio imagenológico y la correlación clínica. Se encontró como necesario y pertinente el diseño de una multimedia para contribuir al desarrollo de dicha habilidad. Se diseñó la multimedia y se validó por expertos.

Introduction: During the teaching-educational process in the subject Surgery, students need to rely on imaging studies and correlate them with their clinical approach to arrive at an accurate diagnosis. On this basis, they propose an optimal treatment to patients with surgical conditions, a reason why they require an adequate development of this skill. The advance of information and communication technologies, as well as the conditions in the universities of medical sciences, allow their usage as learning resources; especially one of their tools: educational multimedia. Objective: To design a multimedia that allows the development of the clinical-imaging correlation in students of the subject Surgery. Methods: An educational research of technological development was carried out. Theoretical methods were used in its design (the historical-logical method, documentary analysis, the structural-systemic approach, and the inductive-deductive method), as well as empirical methods (surveys, interviews, observation, expert consultation, and methodological triangulation). Results: A list of difficulties and potentialities was obtained, which allowed building the content for a multimedia, whose Marxist-Leninist character design contains a constructivist, flexible and open pedagogical approach, in order to promote autonomy, collaboration, independent study and virtual innovation. Conclusions: Learning needs were identified for an adequate clinical-imaging correlation. The fundamental skills to be developed were description of the imaging study and clinical correlation. The design of a multimedia to contribute to the development of these skills was found to be necessary and pertinent. The multimedia was designed and validated by experts.

Neonpass room: a digital interaction tool between patient, care and hospital governance areas / Neonpass room: una herramienta de interacción digital entre áreas de paciente, atención y gobernanza hospitalaria / Neonpass room: uma ferramenta de interação digital entre paciente, áreas assistenciais e de governança hospitalar

ABSTRACT Objective: to report the process of implementing a digital solution for interaction between patients, care and hospital governance areas. Method: this is an experience report on the implementation which took place between the months of August and November in a large private hospital located in the city of São Paulo, Brazil, conducted in two stages: 1) implementation in August 2022; and 2) follow-up lasting 13 weeks, until November 2022. Results: the solution consists of an application developed by a Brazilian startup company which was installed on tablets allowing hospitalized patients to view and make requests for the most diverse areas of care. A total of 496 patients used the Neonpass Room, with their requests addressed directly to the areas of nursing, nutrition, hospitality, cleaning and maintenance. There was a predominance of requests for the nursing team (1029/33.3%), followed by nutrition (973/31.5%), hospitality (763/24.7%), cleaning (167/5.4%) and maintenance (157/5.1%). Conclusion: the Neonpass Room solution has been shown to improve the efficient distribution of requests to the appropriate areas. Unlike traditional call button systems, the digital tool directed demands to nursing and governance areas, with clear specifications.

RESUMEN Objetivo: informar el proceso de implementación de una solución digital para la interacción entre pacientes, áreas de atención y gobernanza hospitalaria. Método: se trata de un relato de experiencia sobre la implementación que tuvo lugar entre los meses de agosto y noviembre en un gran hospital privado, ubicado en la ciudad de São Paulo, realizada en dos etapas: 1) implementación, en agosto de 2022 y 2) seguimiento, con una duración de 13 semanas, hasta noviembre de 2022. Resultados: La solución consiste en una aplicación desarrollada por una startup brasileña, que se instaló en tabletas y permitió a los pacientes hospitalizados visualizar y realizar solicitudes para las más diversas áreas de atención. 496 pacientes utilizaron la Neonpass Room, con sus solicitudes dirigidas directamente a las áreas de enfermería, nutrición, hotelería, limpieza y mantenimiento. Hubo predominio de solicitudes para el equipo de enfermería (1.029/33,3%), seguido de nutrición (973/31,5%), hospitalidad (763/24,7%), limpieza (167/5,4%) y mantenimiento (157/5,1%). Conclusión: Se ha demostrado que la solución Neonpass Room mejora la distribución eficiente de las solicitudes a las áreas adecuadas. A diferencia de los timbres tradicionales, la herramienta digital dirigió las demandas a las áreas de enfermería y gobernanza, con especificaciones claras.

RESUMO Objetivo: relatar o processo de implantação de uma solução digital para interação entre paciente, áreas assistenciais e de governança hospitalar. Método: trata-se de um relato de experiência sobre a implantação que ocorreu entre os meses de agosto e novembro em um hospital privado de grande porte, localizado na cidade de São Paulo, realizado em duas etapas: 1) implantação, em agosto de 2022 e 2) acompanhamento, durando 13 semanas, até novembro de 2022. Resultados: A solução consiste em um aplicativo desenvolvido por uma startup brasileira, que foi instalado em tablets permitindo que pacientes internados pudessem visualizar e realizar solicitações para as mais diversas áreas assistenciais. 496 pacientes fizeram o uso do Neonpass Room, tendo suas solicitações dirigidas diretamente às áreas de enfermagem, nutrição, hotelaria, limpeza e manutenção. Observou-se predomínio de solicitações para a equipe de enfermagem (1029/33,3%), seguida da nutrição (973/31,5%), hotelaria (763/24,7%), limpeza (167/5,4%) e manutenção (157/5,1%). Conclusão: a solução Neonpass Room demonstrou aprimorar a distribuição eficiente das solicitações para as áreas apropriadas. Ao contrário das campainhas tradicionais, a ferraenta digital direcionou as demandas para a enfermagem e áreas de governança, com especificações claras.

Satisfacción de los estudiantes de Medicina con la modalidad de aula invertida en la asignatura Células, tejidos y sistema tegumentario

Fundamento: La modalidad de aprendizaje aula invertida se utiliza en la educación médica superior en todo el mundo; es necesario conocer cómo esta modalidad pueda ser aceptada por los estudiantes de Medicina en Cuba. Objetivo: Determinar el nivel de satisfacción de los estudiantes de Medicina de 1.er año sobre la experiencia de aula invertida en la asignatura Células, tejidos y sistema tegumentario. Métodos: El estudio se realizó en la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Sancti Spíritus, durante el curso 2019-2020. Fue un estudio transversal mixto (cuantitativo mediante encuesta y cualitativo mediante grupos focales) con estudiantes de 1.er año de Medicina que utilizaron la modalidad de aula invertida en la asignatura Células, tejidos y sistema tegumentario. La encuesta midió la variable satisfacción mediante una escala Likert. Los grupos focales exploraron en profundidad los aspectos abordados en la encuesta. Resultados: Se encuestaron 276 estudiantes (76.4 %). El 76.8 % de los encuestados expresaron su satisfacción con la experiencia del aula invertida (respondieron de acuerdo/muy de acuerdo) y el 79.7 % manifestaron preferir las videoconferencias a las conferencias tradicionales. Los estudiantes mostraron gran satisfacción por las videoconferencias y valoraron su importancia para el aprendizaje. Estos datos fueron corroborados por las opiniones en los grupos focales. Conclusiones: Los estudiantes mostraron satisfacción y preferencia por el aula invertida en la enseñanza tradicional. Las videoconferencias, elaboradas siguiendo los principios de Mayer y ajustadas a los objetivos de aprendizaje, resultan un recurso altamente valorado por los estudiantes y muy pertinente para la educación médica en Cuba.

Background: The inverted classroom learning modality is used in superior medical education worldwide; it is necessary of knowing how this modality can be accepted by medical students in Cuba. Objective: To determine the satisfaction level of 1st year medical students about the inverted classroom experience in the subject cells, tissues and integumentary system. Methodology: The study was conducted at the Sancti Spíritus Medical Sciences University, during the 2019-2020 school term. It was a mixed cross-sectional study (quantitative through survey and qualitative through focal groups) with 1st year medical students who utilized the inverted classroom modality in the subject cells, tissues and integumentary system. The survey measured the satisfaction variable using a Likert scale. The focal groups deeply explored the aspects covered in the survey. Results: 276 students (76.4%) were surveyed. 76.8% of interviewees expressed satisfaction with the inverted classroom experience ("agree/very much agree") and 79.7% claimed to prefer videoconferences instead of traditional conferences. The students showed great satisfaction for the videoconferences and valued its importance for learning. These data were corroborated by the opinions in the focal groups. Conclusions: Students showed satisfaction and preference for the inverted classroom over traditional teaching. Videoconferences, elaborated following the principles of Mayer and adjusted to the learning objectives, result in a highly valued resource by the students and very pertinent for medical education in Cuba.

Multimedia educativa: Examen Físico del Aparato Cardiovascular

Introducción: La formación de estudiantes de las Ciencias Médicas se inició como algo netamente presencial; al pasar el tiempo las invenciones fueron formando parte de la práctica médica y educativa, donde la educación digital tomó un puesto relevante. Objetivo: Diseñar un software educativo para la enseñanza y aprendizaje de las características del examen físico del aparato cardiovascular. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio de innovación y desarrollo tecnológico con el diseño de una multimedia, usando la plataforma Chreasoft, para el estudio del examen físico del aparato cardiovascular en la Filial de Ciencias Médicas Nuevitas durante el curso 2020 - 2021. El universo de aplicación del software se conformó por los 33 estudiantes de 3er. año de la carrera de medicina. Resultados: Durante el diagnóstico inicial, tres estudiantes resultaron evaluados de mal. En la evaluación final, luego de utilizar el software, predominó el uso de bibliografía digital e impresa; además se evidenció un incremento en el nivel de información de los estudiantes, ya que la mayoría obtuvo calificación de bien; se destacó el nivel de satisfacción en la categoría de alto tras el uso del software educativo por los estudiantes. Conclusiones: La multimedia Examen Físico del Aparato Cardiovascular constituye, en nuestro medio, un aporte al proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje y tributa al modo de actuación del futuro egresado, mediante la formación de valores, interactividad con el contenido, retroalimentación, evaluación y el desarrollo de habilidades, como el trabajo independiente y la autopreparación.

Introduction: The training of medical sciences students began as something involving purely face-to-face activities; but as time passed, the inventions became part of the medical and educational practice where digital education reached a relevant position. Objective: To design an educational software for the teaching and learning of the characteristics of the physical examination of the cardiovascular system. Methods: A study of innovation and technological development was carried out with the design of a multimedia, using the Chreasoft platform for the study of the physical examination of the cardiovascular system at the Subsidiary of Medical Sciences Nuevitas during the 2020 - 2021 academic year. The universe of application of the software was made up of the 33 students in the 3rd year of medical studies. Results: During the initial diagnosis, three students were evaluated as poor. In the final evaluation, after using the software, the use of digital and printed bibliography predominated. In addition, an increase in the level of information among students was evidenced since most of them were evaluated as good; after the use of the educational software the high level of satisfaction expressed by the students was highlighted. Conclusions: The multimedia Physical Examination of the Cardiovascular System constitutes, in our field, a contribution to the teaching-learning process and contributes to the way of acting of the future graduate through the formation of values, interactivity with the content, feedback, evaluation and development of skills, independent work, and self-preparation.

ODONTOASIS, objeto de aprendizaje sobre Análisis de la Situación de Salud: componente dental

Introducción: la carrera de Estomatología emplea las Tecnologías de la Información y las Comunicaciones en el proceso docente educativo, muestra de lo cual es la inserción de manera creciente y progresiva de los softwares educativos. Objetivo: desarrollar un objeto de aprendizaje de tipo multimedia sobre Análisis de la Situación de Salud: Componente dental. Métodos: se realizó un estudio de tipo innovación tecnológica en el período de febrero a julio de 2018 en la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Sancti Spíritus. Se emplearon para el diseño y desarrollo del objeto de aprendizaje programas como MatchWare Mediator 9.0, HotPotatoes 6, Adobe Photoshop CS versión 8.0.1. El objeto de aprendizaje se validó por especialistas y por los estudiantes. Resultados: El 97,4 % de los estudiantes refirieron que el producto tenía la calidad y atracción necesaria para contribuir a su aprendizaje, el 100 % refirió su utilidad, lo cual se corroboró en el resultado de las calificaciones obtenidas que fueron buenas en el 97,4 % de los estudiantes. Conclusiones: la multimedia constituye un recurso educacional flexible, dinámico, claro, objetivo y de fácil comprensión; aborda una temática relevante para la Estomatología y cumple con el objetivo para el que fue concebido.

Introduction: the Stomatology career uses Information and Communication Technologies in the educational teaching process, an example of which is the increasing and progressive insertion of educational software. Objective: to develop a multimedia learning object on Analysis of the Health Situation: Dental Component. Methods: a technological innovation study was carried out in the period from February to July 2018 at the University of Medical Sciences of Sancti Spíritus. Programs such as MatchWare Mediator 9.0, HotPotatoes 6, Microsoft Office 2010, Adobe Photoshop CS version 8.0.1, were used for the design and development of the multimedia learning object. Specialists and students validated the obtained product. Results: the multimedia product was created. In addition, 97,4 % of the students reported that the product had the necessary quality and attraction to contribute to their learning and 100 % reported its usefulness, which was corroborated in the result of the grades obtained, being good in 97,4 % thereof. Conclusions: multimedia is a flexible, dynamic, clear, objective and easy to understand educational resource; addressing a relevant topic for Stomatology, fulfilling the objective for which it was conceived.

Aplicativo multimídia para cuidados domiciliares de pacientes pós-cirúrgicos: protótipo de tecnologia cuidativo-educacional* / Aplicación multimedia para el cuidado domiciliario de pacientes posquirúrgicos: prototipo de tecnología asistencial-educativa / Multimedia application for home care of post-surgery patients: care-educational technology prototype*

Objetivo: desenvolver um protótipo de Tecnologia Cuidativo-Educacional em forma de aplicativo multimídia, voltado aos cuidados domiciliares de pacientes pós-cirúrgicos com dispositivos invasivos. Método: pesquisa metodológica, desenvolvida entre março de 2021 e abril de 2022, norteada pelo modelo ADDIE (Analize, Design, Develop, Implement e Evaluate). Realizou-se a prototipagem com auxílio do software Adobe Experience Design, sendo aplicados plugins para a animação dos ícones e a inclusão dos vídeos educacionais. Resultados: o protótipo "Home Self-Care" contém logomarca, menu principal com descrição dos dispositivos invasivos, informações sobre o procedimento, cuidados e dúvidas frequentes dos pacientes, bem como imagens e vídeos educacionais para conduzir a construção do conhecimento. Ressalta-se que futuramente o aplicativo será hospedado em loja virtual. Conclusão: o uso desta ferramenta visa a continuidade do cuidado, estimulando a autonomia e empoderamento dos usuários em domicílio. Acredita-se que a tecnologia facilitará a recuperação do paciente e reduzirá as (re)internações.

Objective: to develop a care-educational technology prototype, in the form of a multimedia application, aimed at home care of post-surgical patients with invasive devices. Method: this is methodological research, developed between March 2021 and April 2022, guided by the ADDIE model (Analyze, Design, Develop, Implement and Evaluate). Prototyping was carried out with the help of Adobe Experience Design software, applying plugins for icon animation and inclusion of educational videos. Results: the "Home Self-Care" prototype contains a logo, main menu with description of invasive devices, information about the procedure, care and frequently asked questions by patients as well as images and educational videos to guide the construction of knowledge. It should be noted that in the future the application will be hosted in a virtual store. Conclusion: using this tool aims at continuity of care, encouraging users' autonomy and empowerment at home. It is believed that the technology will facilitate patient recovery and reduce (re)admissions.

Objetivo: desarrollar un prototipo de tecnología asistencial-educativa en forma de aplicación multimedia, dirigida a la atención domiciliaria de pacientes posquirúrgicos con dispositivos invasivos. Método: investigación metodológica, desarrollada entre marzo de 2021 y abril de 2022, guiada por el modelo ADDIE (Analyze, Design, Develop, Implement y Evaluate). El prototipado se realizó con la ayuda del software Adobe Experience Design, aplicando plugins para la animación de íconos y la inclusión de videos educativos. Resultados: el prototipo "Home Self-Care" contiene un logo, un menú principal con descripción de los dispositivos invasivos, información sobre el procedimiento, cuidados y preguntas frecuentes de los pacientes, además de imágenes y videos educativos para orientar la construcción del conocimiento. Cabe señalar que en el futuro la aplicación estará alojada en una tienda virtual. Conclusión: el uso de esta herramienta tiene como objetivo la continuidad de la atención, estimulando la autonomía y el empoderamiento de los usuarios en el hogar. Se cree que la tecnología facilitará la recuperación del paciente y reducirá las (re)hospitalizaciones.

Prototipo de multimedia educativa para la enseñanza-aprendizaje de los indicadores del recurso cama hospitalaria. Cuba, 2020 / Educational Multimedia Prototype for teach-learn Indicators of Hospital Bed Resource. Cuba, 2020

Introducción: En la Facultad de Tecnología de la Salud se estudia la carrera Sistemas de Información en Salud que incluye en su plan de estudios diversas asignaturas como Sistemas de Información de Estadísticas de Salud, en la que se incluye el estudio de los indicadores hospitalarios del recurso cama; materia que se imparte de forma tradicional y no tiene una herramienta tecnológica de apoyo que facilite el proceso educativo. Objetivo: Diseñar un prototipo de multimedia educativa que favorezca el auto-aprendizaje de los indicadores del recurso cama hospitalaria en la asignatura Sistemas de Información de Estadísticas de Salud de la carrera Sistemas de Información en Salud. Método: Se realizó un estudio de desarrollo tecnológico donde fueron encuestados estudiantes y se entrevistó a la profesora de la asignatura para la obtención de la información. Se utilizó la metodología de Proceso Unificado de Desarrollo y el Lenguaje Unificado de Modelado. Se emplearon las herramientas Visual Paradigm para el modelado, Axure para la creación del prototipo y Mediator para el futuro diseño de la multimedia. Resultados: Se identificaron los problemas de aprendizaje desde la visión de alumnos y profesores, lo que permitió diseñar el prototipo de multimedia educativa sobre los indicadores hospitalarios del recurso cama, que fue considerado útil y pertinente. Conclusiones: Se diseñó un prototipo de multimedia educativa que de manera combinada con el método actual de enseñanza facilitarán y efectuarán de forma dinámica las actividades en el proceso docente educativo(AU)

Introduction: Health Information Systems career is included In the Faculty of Health Technology; the career have in its curriculum subjects as Health Statistics Information Systems, in which the study of hospital resource bed indicators is carried out; the subject is taught in a traditional way and does not have a technological support tool that facilitates the educational process. Objective: To design an educational multimedia prototype that favors self-learning of the indicators of the hospital bed resource in the Health Statistics Information Systems subject of the Health Information Systems career. Method: A survey of students and interview of teachers permitted to obtain the information needed to carry out a study of technological development using Unified Development Process methodology and Unified Modeling Language; Visual Paradigm tools were used for modeling; Axure for prototyping and Mediator for future multimedia design. Results: there were identified learning problems from the perspective of students and teachers, which allowed the design of the educational multimedia prototype on hospital bed resource indicators, considering it useful and pertinent. Conclusions: The design of the educational multimedia prototype, combined with the current teaching method, will facilitate and dynamically carry out the activities in the educational teaching process(AU)

Multimedia educativa Equinoterapia como medio de consulta para el tratamiento de pacientes con parálisis cerebral / Teaching multimedia Echinotherapy as means of reference for the treatment of patients with cerebral paralysis

Introducción: Desde 1997 se utiliza en Cuba como una variante del tratamiento físico-motor de pacientes con parálisis cerebral la Equinoterapia. Varios han sido los recursos que se han empleado desde los inicios para alcanzar la vía en el desarrollo lógico de este proceso. El presente trabajo versa sobre un medio digital que proporciona las herramientas necesarias para la adecuación de la labor de los profesionales dedicados a esta actividad y que específicamente intervienen en el tratamiento de pacientes en edad infantil. Objetivo: Evaluar el impacto de la multimedia educativa Equinoterapia como medio de consulta para el tratamiento de pacientes con parálisis cerebral. Método: Se realizó un estudio cualitativo de 53 profesionales, pertenecientes a los ministerios de Educación, Salud Pública e INDER de La Habana, desde enero del 2018 hasta marzo del 2019. La propuesta fue aplicada y evaluada en 3 etapas fundamentales, para lo cual se emplearon el cuestionario y la guía de observación. Resultados: Se destacaron los aspectos pedagógicos y funcionales. Entre los primeros sobresalieron indicadores, tales como adaptación al contexto educativo, fomento de la iniciativa y el autoaprendizaje (con 5 puntos cada uno), mantenimiento de la atención a los usuarios (4,8 puntos), así como diversidad de contenidos y actividades (4,7 puntos); entre los segundos, prevaleció el indicador eficiente para su propósito con 4,8 puntos. Además, se reconocieron las posibilidades de aplicación e incidencia en la adquisición de los contenidos desarrollados. Conclusión: Los resultados obtenidos ofrecen confiabilidad y seguridad en el producto, así como muestran una incidencia positiva en la educación de posgrado, lo cual beneficiará a los profesionales y pacientes, quienes recibirán este servicio.

Introduction: Echinotherapy is used in Cuba as a variant of the physical-motor treatment of patients with cerebral paralysis since 1997. There have been several resources that have been used since the beginnings to reach the way in the logical development of this process. The present work is about a digital means that provides the necessary tools for the adaptation of the professionals work dedicated to this activity and that specifically intervene in the treatment of patients in children age. Objective: To evaluate the impact of the teaching multimedia Echinotherapy as means of reference for the treatment of patients with cerebral paralysis. Method: A qualitative study of 53 professionals, belonging to the ministries of Education, Public Health and INDER of Havana, was carried out from January, 2018 to March, 2019. The proposal was applied and evaluated in 3 fundamental phases, for which the questionnaire and observation guide were used. Results: Pedagogic and functional aspects were remarkable. Among the first ones some indicators were notable, such as adaptation to the teaching context, promotion of initiative and self-learning (with 5 points each one), preservation of the users service (4.8 points), as well as diversity of contents and activities (4.7 points); among the seconds, the efficient indicator prevailed for its purpose with 4.8 points. Also, the possibilities of application and incidence in the acquisition of developed contents were recognized. Conclusion: The obtained results offer reliability and security in the product, as well as they show a positive incidence in the postdegree education, which will benefit professionals and patients who will receive this service.

Deep learning in multimedia healthcare applications: a review.

The increase in chronic diseases has affected the countries' health system and economy. With the recent COVID-19 virus, humanity has experienced a great challenge, which has led to make efforts to detect it and prevent its spread. Hence, it is necessary to develop new solutions that are based on technology and low cost, to satisfy the citizens' needs. Deep learning techniques is a technological solution that has been used in healthcare lately. Nowadays, with the increase in chips processing capabilities, increase size of data, and the progress in deep learning research, healthcare applications have been proposed to provide citizens' health needs. In addition, a big amount of data is generated every day. Development in Internet of Things, gadgets, and phones has allowed the access to multimedia data. Data such as images, video, audio and text are used as input of applications based on deep learning methods to support healthcare system to diagnose, predict, or treat patients. This review pretends to give an overview of proposed healthcare solutions based on deep learning techniques using multimedia data. We show the use of deep learning in healthcare, explain the different types of multimedia data, show some relevant deep learning multimedia applications in healthcare, and highlight some challenges in this research area.

Multimedia como herramienta educativa e instructiva para mejorar la calidad de vida del adulto medio / Multimedia as an educational and instructive tool to improve the quality of life in middle-aged adults

RESUMEN Introducción: Villa Clara es la provincia más envejecida del país, pues el adulto medio ocupa un alto porciento dentro de su población. Durante esta etapa de la vida, si bien algunos cambios fisiológicos se deben a factores genéticos y biológicos personales, también es importante considerar la influencia del modo de vida, experimentado en la actual calidad de vida del adulto medio, que puede ser mejorada con la actividad física. Objetivos: Diseñar una multimedia como herramienta educativa e instructiva para mejorar la calidad de vida del adulto medio, en la Facultad de Tecnología de la Salud-Enfermería, de la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Villa Clara. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio de tipo innovación tecnológica en el período de septiembre de 2018 a septiembre de 2019. El universo de estudio estuvo constituido por 397 profesores, que constituyen el total de docentes a tiempo completo; la muestra fue de 40 profesores. Como criterio de exclusión se consideró a los que no estaban ubicados en el rango de edad correspondiente con el adulto medio. Las variables fueron: edad, peso, talla, sexo, ejercicios físicos, enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles y tipo de alimentación. Se utilizaron métodos teóricos, empíricos y de nivel matemático-estadístico. Resultados: El producto final proporcionó beneficios, pues con él se motivó al adulto medio hacia el desarrollo de habilidades y capacidades que le permitan tomar decisiones correctas para elevar la calidad de vida. Conclusiones: La multimedia educativa constituye una vía novedosa y motivadora para influir en la calidad de vida del adulto medio.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Villa Clara is the oldest province in the country, since middle-aged adults occupy a high percentage of its population. During this stage of life, although some physiological changes are due to individuals' genetic and biological factors, it is also important to consider the influence of lifestyle, experienced in the current quality of life in middle-aged adults, which can be improved with physical activity. Objective: to design a multimedia, at the Faculty of Health Technology and Nursing in the University of Medical Sciences of Villa Clara, as an educational and instructive tool to improve the quality of life in middle-aged adults. Methods: a technological innovation study was carried out from September 2018 to September 2019. The universe of study consisted of 397 teachers, who constituted the total number of full-time teachers; the sample was 40 teachers. Those who were not in the age range corresponding to middle-aged adults were considered as an exclusion criterion. Age, weight, height, gender, physical exercises, non-communicable chronic diseases and type of diet were among the variables studied. Theoretical, empirical and mathematical-statistical methods were used. Results: the final product provided benefits, since middle-aged adults were motivated towards the development of skills and abilities, allowing them to make correct decisions in order to improve their quality of life. Conclusions: educational multimedia is a novel and motivating way to influence the quality of life in middle-aged adults.

PeritonitiSoft, una herramienta para el aprendizaje de la peritonitisaguda / PeritonitiSoft, a tool for learning of acuteperitonitis

RESUMEN Introducción: La peritonitis aguda es una infección quirúrgica grave que exige una actuación profesional exitosa para el diagnóstico y la terapéutica; la confección de una multimedia para su aprendizaje dinámico tiene gran impacto atencional y docente en los procesos formativos universitarios. Objetivo: El objetivo de este trabajo es presentar un software educativo como instrumento de consulta que recopile de forma didáctica los contenidos sobre la peritonitis aguda. Métodos: Se realizó una innovación tecnológica en la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Santiago de Cuba en forma de un software educativo, en el periodo comprendido entre julio y septiembre 2021. Se utilizaron la sistematización y el análisis-síntesis como métodos teóricos y como métodos empíricos el vivencial, el análisis documental y la encuesta en forma de cuestionario para la valoración del criterio de usuarios. El software se confeccionó a través del programa Crheasoft. Resultados: Se confeccionó PeritonitiSoft, un software educativo conformado por los módulos: Inicio, Temario, Glosario, Ejercicios y Mediateca. Presenta además los Créditos con los datos generales de los autores. Los expertos en informática y los usuarios valoraron de Muy adecuado el producto informático. Conclusiones: El software educativo confeccionado constituye una herramienta de aprendizaje novedoso, funcional y de pertinencia como material de consulta actualizado sobre peritonitis aguda para los médicos tratantes de tan grave enfermedad.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Acute peritonitis is a serious surgical infection that requires successful professional performance for diagnosis and therapy; the preparation of a multimedia for dynamic learning has a great attentional and teaching impact on university training processes. Objective: The objective of this work is to present an educational software as a consultation instrument that collects in a didactic way the contents on acute peritonitis. Methods: A technological innovation was carried out at the University of Medical Sciences of Santiago de Cuba in the form of educational software, in the period between July and September 2021. Systematization and analysis-synthesis were used as theoretical methods and as empirical methods. the experiential, the documentary analysis and the survey in the form of a questionnaire for the evaluation of the users' criteria. The software was made through the Crheasoft program. Results: PeritonitiSoft, an educational software made up of the modules: Home, Agenda, Glossary, Exercises and Media Library, was created. It also presents the Credits with the general data of the authors. Computer experts and users rated the computer product as Very Adequate. Conclusions: The educational software created constitutes a novel, functional and relevant learning tool as updated reference material on acute peritonitis for doctors treating such a serious disease.

Análise dos materiais didáticos utilizados por radiologistas e residentes de radiologia brasileiros: mudança de paradigma / Analysis of the use of educational materials by radiologists and radiology residents in Brazil: paradigm shift

Resumo Objetivo: Identificar o perfil de utilização dos recursos didáticos pelos médicos radiologistas e residentes em radiologia e diagnóstico por imagem brasileiros. Materiais e Métodos: Estudo observacional, transversal e descritivo, realizado por meio de questionário eletrônico contendo perguntas referentes ao perfil do médico, formação, local de atuação, perfil de acesso a recursos educacionais e tipos de recursos mais utilizados. Resultados: Responderam ao questionário 265 médicos com idade média de 38,2 anos, sendo a maioria radiologistas formados (170; 64,2%), do sexo masculino (166; 62,6%), trabalhando em instituições privadas (174; 65,7%), sem vínculo acadêmico (167; 63,0%), atuando principalmente nas áreas de ultrassonografia (212; 80,0%) e tomografia computadorizada (206; 77,7%). A carga horária média de estudo semanal foi de 9,6 horas (mediana: 6 horas), sendo maior no grupo dos médicos que estão em formação e nos que atuam em instituições públicas e acadêmicas. Quanto ao recurso para o acesso do material de estudo, observou-se uma tendência pela maior utilização do computador (65,3%). A maioria dos respondentes optou por acessar materiais didáticos sem custo (61,9%), sendo os sites da web, livros e revistas eletrônicas os mais pesquisados. Conclusão: Os radiologistas brasileiros utilizam recursos eletrônicos e digitais como principais materiais didáticos, sendo os sites da web, livros e revistas eletrônicas as fontes mais utilizadas.

Abstract Objective: To profile the use of educational materials by radiologists and radiology residents in Brazil. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive, observational study in which an electronic questionnaire was sent via email to physicians working in the field of radiology. The questionnaire contained questions regarding the profile, education, and place of work of the physicians, as well as their access to educational resources and the types of educational materials they used most. Results: The questionnaire was completed by 265 physicians. The mean age of the respondents was 38.2 years. Of the 265 respondents, 212 (80.0%) worked with ultrasound, 206 (77.7%) worked with computed tomography, 170 (64.2%) were board-certified, 166 (62.6%) were male, 174 (65.7%) worked at private facilities, and 167 (63.0%) had no academic affiliation. The mean weekly total study time was 9.6 h (median, 6 h), being higher among physicians in training, among those who worked at public facilities, and among those who worked at teaching hospitals. Regarding the device employed in order to access educational materials, there was a trend toward greater use of computers, which were employed by 65.3%. The majority of the respondents (61.9%) chose to access educational materials that were free of charge, the most common sources being websites, eBooks, and online journals. Conclusion: Electronic and digital resources are the main means of access to educational materials used by radiologists in Brazil, the most commonly used resources being web sites, eBooks, and online journals.

Application of active queue management for real-time adaptive video streaming.

Video streaming currently dominates global Internet traffic. Live streaming broadcasts events in real-time, with very different characteristics compared to video-on-demand (VoD), being more sensitive to variations in delay, jitter, and packet loss. The use of adaptive streaming techniques over HTTP is massively deployed on the Internet, adapting the video quality to instantaneous condition of the network. Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP (DASH) is the most popular adaptive streaming technology. In DASH, the client probes the network quality and adjusts the quality of requested video segment according to the bandwidth fluctuations. Therefore, DASH is an over-the-top application using unmanaged networks to distribute content in the best possible quality. In order to maintain a seamless playback, VoD applications commonly use a large reception buffer. However, in live streaming, the use of large buffers is not allowed because of the induced delay. Active Queue Management (AQM) arises as an alternative to control the congestion in router's queue, pressing the traffic sources to reduce their transmission rate when it detects incipient congestion. In this article, we evaluate the performance of recent AQM strategies for real-time adaptive video streaming. Furthermore, we propose a new AQM algorithm to improve the user-perceived video quality. The results show that the proposed method achieves better performance than competing AQM algorithms and improves the video quality in terms of average peak signal-to-noise ratio while keeping the fairness among concurrent flows.

No hay salud, sin salud mental

Principales recursos de la OPS/OMS en salud mental. prevención y reducción del consumo de alcohol y otras sustancias psicoactivas.

Página web para el estudio del modelo celular de la coagulación en la carrera de medicina y residencia de especialidades clínicas / Website For The Study Of The Cellular Model Of Coagulation In Medicine Major And The Residency Of Clinical Specialties

Introducción: El modelo de la coagulación ha experimentado cambios para alcanzar un consenso con relación a los trastornos hemorrágicos que se aprecian en la práctica médica. El modelo celular de la coagulación es el más aceptado con el que se cuenta dentro de esta área del conocimiento, sin embargo, es poco conocido e integrado en los planes de estudio en Cuba. Objetivo: Confeccionar una página web que integre los elementos actuales acerca del modelo celular de la coagulación. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio de tipo innovación tecnológica entre los meses de enero de 2017 y enero de 2018 en Ciego de Ávila. Se desarrolló en tres etapas: confección, validación por expertos y comprobación de efectividad por usuarios. Para el diseño se empleó el software Drupal, y el lenguaje HTML. Para la comprobación se contó con dos grupos de expertos que valorara desde el punto de vista de pertinencia educativa e informática. Se comprobó la efectividad mediante un posprueba aplicada a 106 estudiantes de medicina y 16 residentes. Resultados: Se obtuvieron valoraciones de adecuado y muy adecuado por consenso de expertos, siendo la originalidad (7,13 ± 1,24) y la pertinencia (7,20 ± 1,74) los aspectos mejor valorados. Más del 90 % de los usuarios valoraron igualmente la página web como muy satisfactorias según los contenidos tratados y la originalidad. Durante la posprueba el 84,91 por ciento de los estudiantes y 66,67 por ciento de los residentes se suscriben a la calificación de excelente. Conclusiones: Se confeccionó una página con la capacidad de integrar los elementos actuales acerca del modelo celular de la coagulación(AU)

Introduction: The coagulation model has undergone changes to reach a consensus regarding the bleeding disorders that are seen in medical practice. The cellular model of coagulation is the most accepted that is available within this area of knowledge; however, it is little known and integrated into the curricula in Cuba. Objective: Create a web page that integrates the current elements about the cellular model of coagulation. Materials and methods: A technological innovation study was carried out between January 2017 and January 2018 in Ciego de Ávila province. It was developed in three stages: preparation, validation by experts and verification of effectiveness by users. For the design was used Drupal software, and HTML language. For the verification, there were two groups of experts to assess from the point of view of educational and computer relevance. Effectiveness was tested by a post-test applied to 106 medical students and 16 residents. Results: Adequate and very adequate assessments were obtained by consensus of experts, with originality (7.13 ± 1.24) and relevance (7.20 ± 1.74) being the best valued aspects. More than 90 percent of users also rated the website as very satisfactory according to the contents treated and originality. During the post-test, 84.91 percent of students and 66.67 percent of residents confirmed the excellent rating. Conclusions: A web page was made with the ability to integrate the current elements about the cellular model of coagulation(AU)

Videoteca para el desarrollo de habilidades prácticas sobre técnicas histológicas básicas / Video Library for the Development of Practical Skills on Basic Histological Techniques

Se desarrolló una investigación de innovación tecnológica con el objetivo de contribuir, a través de videos y enlaces a páginas con elementos teóricos, al desarrollo de habilidades prácticas sobre técnicas histológicas básicas que incluye el procesamiento de los tejidos para ser observados en el microscopio óptico; así como la tinción de éstos con Hematoxilina y eosina. Para su diseño se empleó una plantilla web (boostrap, html5, CCS). En cuanto a los aspectos metodológicos: se tuvo en cuenta el programa de formación de residentes en la especialidad de Histología y de pregrado de la asignatura de Células, tejidos y tegumentario, propuesto por la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de La Habana (UCM H). Se validó el producto a través del criterio de expertos y de usuarios; obteniéndose un elevado nivel de aceptación; permitiendo el desarrollo de habilidades prácticas, de forma amena y científica en los estudiantes y residentes de la especialidad de Histología(AU)

A technological innovation research was developed with the aim of contributing, through videos and links to pages with theoretical elements, to the development of practical skills on basic histological techniques that includes the processing of tissues to be observed in the optical microscope; as well as staining of these with Hematoxylin and eosin. For its design a web template (boostrap, html5, CCS) was used. The methodological aspects taking into account were: the training program for residents in the specialty of Histology and undergraduate program of the Cells, Tissues and Integumentary subject, proposed by the UCM H. The product was validated through the criteria of experts and users; obtaining a high level of acceptance; allowing the development of practical skills, in an entertaining and scientific way in students and residents of the specialty of Histology(AU)