ABSTRACT
Aim To investigate the ameliorative effects pseudoberberine(Y53), a berberine(BBR) analogue, on diabetic nephropathy( DN) in streptozotocin( STZ)-induced diabetic mice. Methods Diabetes mellitus ( DM) of the C57BL/6J mice was induced by intraper-itoneal injection of STZ at 120 mg·kg-1 . The diabetic animals were divided into 4 groups, which were orally treated with saline, 50 mg · kg-1 of BBR, 50 mg · kg-1 of Y53 or 5 mg · kg-1 of rosiglitazone ( ROSI ) , respectively. During and after the experiment, the u-rine, blood, serum and kidney of the animals were harvested for determination of relevant parameters by kits. Kidney tissues of the mice were subjected to pathological examination by hematoxylin & eosin( HE) staining;mRNA and protein expression levels of target genes in the kidney were determined by quantitative re-al-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction ( qRT-PCR) and Western blot, respectively. Results Y53 greatly reduced the fasting blood glucose ( FBG ) and glycosylated hemoglobin( GHb) , improved diabet-ic symptoms such as polyphagia and polyuria in the di-abetic mice( P<0. 01 vs DM control group) . Y53 po-tently reduced the blood urea nitrogen ( BUN ) , serum creatinine( Scr) , 24 h urinary protein, kidney index, serum and kidney advanced glycation end-products ( AGEs) and nitric oxide( NO) , as well as kidney cho-lesterol( CHO ) and triglyceride ( TG ) contents ( P <0. 05 or P<0. 01 vs DM control group) . In the patho-logical examination, Y53 greatly restored kidney mor-phology and suppressed glomerular sclerosis( P<0. 001 vs DM control group). In addition, Y53 significantly reduced the renal expression of fibrosis-related genes, such as the transforming growth factor-β1 ( TGF-β1 ) and smad2(P<0. 01 vs DM control group). The reno-protective efficacies of Y53 were superior to those of BBR and ROSI in our study ( P<0. 05 or P<0. 01 ) . Conclusions The BBR analogue Y53 has potent ac-tivities in ameliorating renal injury and restoring renal function in STZ-induced diabetic mice. Y53 may be developed as a novel kind of agent for the treatment of DN in the future.
ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the effect of Radix Isatidis( indigowoad root,RI) polysaccharide on NO and ET-1 in orthopotic liver autotransplantation of rats.Methods The rats used in the experiment were randomly divided into three groups:normal control group (NC), autotransplantation group (AT) and RI polysaccharide group (RIPS).At 1, 6, 12 and 24 hours after autotransplantation, the content of NO,ET-1, alanine aminotransferase ( ALT), and aspartate amin-otransferase ( AST) in serum was assayed.Morphological observation of hepatic tissues was also performed.Results The serum level of ET-1 in RIPS group was significantly lower than that of AT group (P<0.05), and NO content in serum of RIPS group was increased significantly compared with AT group ( P<0.05) at 1, 6, 12 and 24 hours after autotransplanta-tion.The serum level of ALT and AST in RIPS group was lower than that of AT group (P<0.05) at each measurement point.The morphology of hepatocytes changed abnormally under light microscopy.The blood stasis and swelling of hepatic tissues, denaturalization and necrosis of hepatocytes in RIPS group were milder than that in AT group.Conclusion RIPS has a protective effect on hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury after orthotopic liver autotransplantation, which may be related to increased NO levels and lower levels of ET-1.
