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1.
Semina Ci. agr. ; 40(5): 2017-2026, set.-out. 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | VETINDEX | ID: vti-21894

ABSTRACT

Melatonin, a hormone secreted in cow milk, has beneficial effects on human health. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary vitamin supplementation and nocturnal milking on the concentration of melatonin in cow milk. Twenty-one confined cows in the final period of lactation were used for the study and the supplemented vitamins were: rumen-protected B vitamins, A, D3, E, and niacin (B3) not protected from rumen degradation. The experimental period had a duration of 10 days. Milk samples were collected during the first two days, without supplementation of vitamins (WITHOUT), and during the final two days, eight days after the beginning of supplementation (WITH). Samples of milk produced without and with supplementation, milked at 05:00 h (NIGHT) or from the total milk produced in the two daily milkings (TOTAL), were analyzed. The concentration of melatonin was determined by enzyme immunoassay using the ELISA kit, and the results were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey´s test with 5% significance. Supplementation of the diet with vitamins (WITH) did not affect melatonin concentration in TOTAL milk, but it resulted in a concentration 40.55% lower in the NIGHT milk than in the milk from cows without (WITHOUT) supplementation (6.57 vs. 11.06 pg mL-1). Milk milked at night showed melatonin concentrations 1.43 to 2.38 times higher than daily TOTAL milk. The total milk of the herd showed a concentration of 2.13 pg mL-1. The differentiated collection of milk produced during the night period makes it possible to obtain milk with high levels of melatonin.(AU)


Melatonina é um hormônio secretado no leite e tem efeitos benéficos sobre a saúde humana. Este estudo objetivou avaliar os efeitos da suplementação da dieta com vitaminas e da ordenha noturna sobre a concentração de melatonina no leite de vacas. Foram utilizadas 21 vacas confinadas, na fase final de lactação e as vitaminas suplementadas foram do complexo B, vitaminas A, D3 e E rúmen-protegidas, sendo a niacina (B3) não protegida da degradação ruminal. O período experimental teve duração de 10 dias, as amostras de leite foram coletadas nos dois primeiros dias, sem suplementação de vitaminas (SEM) e nos dois dias finais, oito dias após início da suplementação (COM). Foram analisadas amostras do leite produzido sem e com suplementação, nas ordenhas realizadas às 05:00 h (NOITE) e do leite total produzido nas duas ordenhas diárias (TOTAL). A concentração de melatonina foi determinada através de imunoensaio enzimático em kit de ELISA e os resultados analisados ANOVA e teste Tukey com 5% significância. A suplementação da dieta COM vitaminas não teve efeitos sobre a concentração de melatonina no leite TOTAL, porém, no leite da NOITE, resultou em concentração 40,55% menor que o leite de vacas SEM suplementação (6,57 vs 11,06 pg mL-1, respectivamente). O leite da ordenha da NOITE apresentou concentração de melatonina 1,43 a 2,38 vezes superior ao leite TOTAL diário. O leite total do rebanho apresentou concentração de 2,13 pg mL-1. A coleta diferenciada do leite produzido no período noturno possibilita a obtenção de leite com alta concentração de melatonina.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Infant , Cattle , Animal Feed/analysis , Dietary Supplements/analysis , Melatonin/analysis , Breast-Milk Substitutes
2.
Semina ciênc. agrar ; 40(5): 2017-2026, set.-out. 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1501469

ABSTRACT

Melatonin, a hormone secreted in cow milk, has beneficial effects on human health. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary vitamin supplementation and nocturnal milking on the concentration of melatonin in cow milk. Twenty-one confined cows in the final period of lactation were used for the study and the supplemented vitamins were: rumen-protected B vitamins, A, D3, E, and niacin (B3) not protected from rumen degradation. The experimental period had a duration of 10 days. Milk samples were collected during the first two days, without supplementation of vitamins (WITHOUT), and during the final two days, eight days after the beginning of supplementation (WITH). Samples of milk produced without and with supplementation, milked at 05:00 h (NIGHT) or from the total milk produced in the two daily milkings (TOTAL), were analyzed. The concentration of melatonin was determined by enzyme immunoassay using the ELISA kit, and the results were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey´s test with 5% significance. Supplementation of the diet with vitamins (WITH) did not affect melatonin concentration in TOTAL milk, but it resulted in a concentration 40.55% lower in the NIGHT milk than in the milk from cows without (WITHOUT) supplementation (6.57 vs. 11.06 pg mL-1). Milk milked at night showed melatonin concentrations 1.43 to 2.38 times higher than daily TOTAL milk. The total milk of the herd showed a concentration of 2.13 pg mL-1. The differentiated collection of milk produced during the night period makes it possible to obtain milk with high levels of melatonin.


Melatonina é um hormônio secretado no leite e tem efeitos benéficos sobre a saúde humana. Este estudo objetivou avaliar os efeitos da suplementação da dieta com vitaminas e da ordenha noturna sobre a concentração de melatonina no leite de vacas. Foram utilizadas 21 vacas confinadas, na fase final de lactação e as vitaminas suplementadas foram do complexo B, vitaminas A, D3 e E rúmen-protegidas, sendo a niacina (B3) não protegida da degradação ruminal. O período experimental teve duração de 10 dias, as amostras de leite foram coletadas nos dois primeiros dias, sem suplementação de vitaminas (SEM) e nos dois dias finais, oito dias após início da suplementação (COM). Foram analisadas amostras do leite produzido sem e com suplementação, nas ordenhas realizadas às 05:00 h (NOITE) e do leite total produzido nas duas ordenhas diárias (TOTAL). A concentração de melatonina foi determinada através de imunoensaio enzimático em kit de ELISA e os resultados analisados ANOVA e teste Tukey com 5% significância. A suplementação da dieta COM vitaminas não teve efeitos sobre a concentração de melatonina no leite TOTAL, porém, no leite da NOITE, resultou em concentração 40,55% menor que o leite de vacas SEM suplementação (6,57 vs 11,06 pg mL-1, respectivamente). O leite da ordenha da NOITE apresentou concentração de melatonina 1,43 a 2,38 vezes superior ao leite TOTAL diário. O leite total do rebanho apresentou concentração de 2,13 pg mL-1. A coleta diferenciada do leite produzido no período noturno possibilita a obtenção de leite com alta concentração de melatonina.


Subject(s)
Female , Animals , Infant , Cattle , Melatonin/analysis , Animal Feed/analysis , Breast-Milk Substitutes , Dietary Supplements/analysis
3.
Braz. J. Biol. ; 78(4): 686-690, Nov. 2018. tab
Article in English | VETINDEX | ID: vti-736207

ABSTRACT

Kiwifruit are a popular fruit worldwide; however, plant growth is threatened by abiotic stresses such as drought and high temperatures. Niacin treatment in plants has been shown to increase NADPH levels, thus enhancing abiotic stresses tolerance. Here, we evaluate the effect of niacin solution spray treatment on NADPH levels in the kiwifruit cultivars Hayward and Xuxiang. We found that spray treatment with niacin solution promoted NADPH and NADP+ levels and decreased both O2·- production and H2O2 contents in leaves during a short period. In fruit, NADPH contents increased during early development, but decreased later. However, no effect on NADP+ levels has been observed throughout fruit development. In summary, this report suggests that niacin may be used to increase NADPH oxidases, thus increasing stress-tolerance in kiwifruit during encounter of short-term stressful conditions.(AU)


Kiwis são uma fruta popular em todo o mundo; No entanto, o crescimento das plantas é ameaçado por estresses abióticos como a seca e as altas temperaturas. O tratamento com niacina em plantas mostrou aumentar os níveis de NADPH, aumentando assim a tolerância a stress abiótico. Aqui, avaliamos o efeito do tratamento com spray de solução de niacina sobre os níveis de NADPH nos cultivares de kiwis Hayward e Xuxiang. Descobrimos que o tratamento por spray com solução de niacina promoveu níveis de NADPH e NADP + e diminuiu a produção de O2·- e os teores de H2O2 nas folhas durante um curto período. Nos frutos, os teores de NADPH aumentaram durante o desenvolvimento precoce, mas diminuíram mais tarde. No entanto, não se observou qualquer efeito nos níveis de NADP + ao longo do desenvolvimento do fruto. Em resumo, este relatório sugere que a niacina pode ser utilizada para aumentar NADPH oxidases, aumentando assim a tolerância ao estresse em kiwis durante o encontro de condições estressantes de curto prazo.(AU)


Subject(s)
Actinidia/growth & development , Niacin/pharmacology , Stress, Physiological , NADPH Oxidases
4.
Braz. j. biol ; Braz. j. biol;78(4): 686-690, Nov. 2018. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-951609

ABSTRACT

Abstract Kiwifruit are a popular fruit worldwide; however, plant growth is threatened by abiotic stresses such as drought and high temperatures. Niacin treatment in plants has been shown to increase NADPH levels, thus enhancing abiotic stresses tolerance. Here, we evaluate the effect of niacin solution spray treatment on NADPH levels in the kiwifruit cultivars Hayward and Xuxiang. We found that spray treatment with niacin solution promoted NADPH and NADP+ levels and decreased both O2·- production and H2O2 contents in leaves during a short period. In fruit, NADPH contents increased during early development, but decreased later. However, no effect on NADP+ levels has been observed throughout fruit development. In summary, this report suggests that niacin may be used to increase NADPH oxidases, thus increasing stress-tolerance in kiwifruit during encounter of short-term stressful conditions.


Resumo Kiwis são uma fruta popular em todo o mundo; No entanto, o crescimento das plantas é ameaçado por estresses abióticos como a seca e as altas temperaturas. O tratamento com niacina em plantas mostrou aumentar os níveis de NADPH, aumentando assim a tolerância a stress abiótico. Aqui, avaliamos o efeito do tratamento com spray de solução de niacina sobre os níveis de NADPH nos cultivares de kiwis Hayward e Xuxiang. Descobrimos que o tratamento por spray com solução de niacina promoveu níveis de NADPH e NADP + e diminuiu a produção de O2·- e os teores de H2O2 nas folhas durante um curto período. Nos frutos, os teores de NADPH aumentaram durante o desenvolvimento precoce, mas diminuíram mais tarde. No entanto, não se observou qualquer efeito nos níveis de NADP + ao longo do desenvolvimento do fruto. Em resumo, este relatório sugere que a niacina pode ser utilizada para aumentar NADPH oxidases, aumentando assim a tolerância ao estresse em kiwis durante o encontro de condições estressantes de curto prazo.


Subject(s)
NADPH Oxidases/drug effects , Actinidia/drug effects , Fruit/drug effects , Niacin/pharmacology , Oxidation-Reduction , Plant Leaves/drug effects , Plant Leaves/metabolism , Free Radicals/metabolism , Fruit/growth & development , NADP/metabolism
5.
Article in English | VETINDEX | ID: vti-17728

ABSTRACT

Abstract Kiwifruit are a popular fruit worldwide; however, plant growth is threatened by abiotic stresses such as drought and high temperatures. Niacin treatment in plants has been shown to increase NADPH levels, thus enhancing abiotic stresses tolerance. Here, we evaluate the effect of niacin solution spray treatment on NADPH levels in the kiwifruit cultivars Hayward and Xuxiang. We found that spray treatment with niacin solution promoted NADPH and NADP+ levels and decreased both O2·- production and H2O2 contents in leaves during a short period. In fruit, NADPH contents increased during early development, but decreased later. However, no effect on NADP+ levels has been observed throughout fruit development. In summary, this report suggests that niacin may be used to increase NADPH oxidases, thus increasing stress-tolerance in kiwifruit during encounter of short-term stressful conditions.


Resumo Kiwis são uma fruta popular em todo o mundo; No entanto, o crescimento das plantas é ameaçado por estresses abióticos como a seca e as altas temperaturas. O tratamento com niacina em plantas mostrou aumentar os níveis de NADPH, aumentando assim a tolerância a stress abiótico. Aqui, avaliamos o efeito do tratamento com spray de solução de niacina sobre os níveis de NADPH nos cultivares de kiwis Hayward e Xuxiang. Descobrimos que o tratamento por spray com solução de niacina promoveu níveis de NADPH e NADP + e diminuiu a produção de O2·- e os teores de H2O2 nas folhas durante um curto período. Nos frutos, os teores de NADPH aumentaram durante o desenvolvimento precoce, mas diminuíram mais tarde. No entanto, não se observou qualquer efeito nos níveis de NADP + ao longo do desenvolvimento do fruto. Em resumo, este relatório sugere que a niacina pode ser utilizada para aumentar NADPH oxidases, aumentando assim a tolerância ao estresse em kiwis durante o encontro de condições estressantes de curto prazo.

6.
Braz. j. biol ; Braz. j. biol;2017.
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1467132

ABSTRACT

Abstract Kiwifruit are a popular fruit worldwide; however, plant growth is threatened by abiotic stresses such as drought and high temperatures. Niacin treatment in plants has been shown to increase NADPH levels, thus enhancing abiotic stresses tolerance. Here, we evaluate the effect of niacin solution spray treatment on NADPH levels in the kiwifruit cultivars Hayward and Xuxiang. We found that spray treatment with niacin solution promoted NADPH and NADP+ levels and decreased both O2·- production and H2O2 contents in leaves during a short period. In fruit, NADPH contents increased during early development, but decreased later. However, no effect on NADP+ levels has been observed throughout fruit development. In summary, this report suggests that niacin may be used to increase NADPH oxidases, thus increasing stress-tolerance in kiwifruit during encounter of short-term stressful conditions.


Resumo Kiwis são uma fruta popular em todo o mundo; No entanto, o crescimento das plantas é ameaçado por estresses abióticos como a seca e as altas temperaturas. O tratamento com niacina em plantas mostrou aumentar os níveis de NADPH, aumentando assim a tolerância a stress abiótico. Aqui, avaliamos o efeito do tratamento com spray de solução de niacina sobre os níveis de NADPH nos cultivares de kiwis Hayward e Xuxiang. Descobrimos que o tratamento por spray com solução de niacina promoveu níveis de NADPH e NADP + e diminuiu a produção de O2·- e os teores de H2O2 nas folhas durante um curto período. Nos frutos, os teores de NADPH aumentaram durante o desenvolvimento precoce, mas diminuíram mais tarde. No entanto, não se observou qualquer efeito nos níveis de NADP + ao longo do desenvolvimento do fruto. Em resumo, este relatório sugere que a niacina pode ser utilizada para aumentar NADPH oxidases, aumentando assim a tolerância ao estresse em kiwis durante o encontro de condições estressantes de curto prazo.

7.
Rev. Hosp. Ital. B. Aires (2004) ; 35(3): 91-96, sept. 2015. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS, UNISALUD, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1401177

ABSTRACT

En los últimos años han surgido algunas investigaciones y guías de práctica clínica relacionadas con el diagnóstico y tratamiento de las dislipidemias, que aportaron nuevos conocimientos (y controversias) sobre dicha problemática. En este resumen se describen, en primer lugar, las características de las "nuevas guías" norteamericanas para el manejo del colesterol publicadas a fines de 2013 y se comparan con las recomendaciones tradicionales. En segundo lugar, se analizan los últimos estudios que evaluaron el impacto cardiovascular de otros fármacos hipolipemiantes (ezetimibe y ácido nicotínico) en pacientes en prevención secundaria tratados con estatinas. Finalmente, se mencionan las nuevas drogas hipolipemiantes desarrolladas en los últimos años, como el lomitapide, el mipomersen y los inhibidores de la PCSK9, y se comentan el mecanismo de acción, su eficacia, sus efectos colaterales y los escenarios clínicos en donde podrían utilizarse. (AU)


In recent years, some research and clinical practice guidelines related to the diagnosis and treatment of dyslipidemia, which provided new knowledge (and controversy) about this problem have emerged. In this review, the characteristics of the American "new guidelines" for cholesterol management published by the end of 2013 are described, and they are compared with the traditional recommendations. In addition, recent studies assessing the cardiovascular impact of other lipid-lowering drugs (ezetimibe and nicotinic acid) in patients in secondary prevention treated with statins are analyzed. Finally, new hypolipidemic drugs developed in recent years are mentioned (lomitapide, mipomersen and PCSK9 inhibitors), discussing the mechanism of action, efficacy, side effects and clinical settings where they could be used. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Benzimidazoles/therapeutic use , Dyslipidemias/drug therapy , Ezetimibe/therapeutic use , PCSK9 Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Hypercholesterolemia/drug therapy , Hypolipidemic Agents/therapeutic use , Niacin/therapeutic use , Benzimidazoles/adverse effects , Benzimidazoles/pharmacology , Cholesterol/blood , Practice Guidelines as Topic , Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Drug Interactions , Dyslipidemias/diagnosis , Ezetimibe/adverse effects , Ezetimibe/pharmacology , PCSK9 Inhibitors/adverse effects , PCSK9 Inhibitors/pharmacology , Hypercholesterolemia/diagnosis , Hypolipidemic Agents/adverse effects , Hypolipidemic Agents/pharmacology , Niacin/adverse effects , Niacin/pharmacology
8.
Arch. latinoam. nutr ; Arch. latinoam. nutr;63(4): 329-337, dic. 2013. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-749956

ABSTRACT

La niacina es una vitamina hidrosoluble, conocida también como ácido nicotínico o vitamina B3. La nicotinamida es un derivado de la niacina (amida del ácido nicotínico), y es utilizada por el cuerpo para producir las coenzimas nicotinamida adenina dinucleótido (NAD) y nicotinamida adenina dinucleótido fosfato (NADP). En esta revisión de los requerimientos de niacina para Venezuela, encontramos que los datos nacionales no son suficientes para establecer las recomendaciones de consumo de este nutriente, por lo tanto, al igual que en la revisión del año 2000, las recomendaciones actuales se basan en las definidas para la población de Estados Unidos. Las Ingestas Dietéticas Recomendadas (RDAs) para Venezuela son: menores de 1 año (2-4 mg/día), niños entre 1 y 8 años (6-8 mg/día), niños entre 9 y 13 años (12 mg/día), adolescentes y adultos del sexo femenino (14 mg/día), adolescentes y adultos del sexo masculino (16 mg/día), embarazadas (18 mg/día) y lactancia (17 mg/ día). En cuanto al Requerimiento Promedio Estimado (EAR): 5-9 mg/día para niños, 11 mg/día para adolescentes y adultos del sexo femenino y 12 mg/día para adolescentes y adultos del sexo masculino, aumentado a 14 mg/día para embarazadas y a 13 mg/ día durante la lactancia. Los Niveles de Ingesta Máximos Tolerables (UL) son: niños entre 1 y 3 años (10 mg/día), niños entre 4 y 8 años (15 mg/día), niños entre 9 y 13 años (20 mg/día), adolescentes (30 mg/día) y adultos (35 mg/día). Es necesario realizar estudios donde se evalúe el estado nutricional de esta vitamina en diferentes grupos de la población, que incluya no solo la estimación del consumo, sino la utilización de indicadores bioquímicos, como la medición de los niveles de las coenzimas NAD y NADP en eritrocitos o sangre completa y la determinación de los principales metabolitos urinarios de la vitamina.


Niacin is a water soluble vitamin, also known as nicotinic acid or Vitamin B3. Nicotinamide is a derivative of niacin (amide of nicotinic acid), and is used by the body to produce the coenzyme nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP). In preparing this review about the niacin requirements for Venezuela, it was found that there is not enough national data to establish recommendations, therefore, as in the 2000 review of the Venezuelan Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs), the actual recommendations for intake of niacin, are based on those reported for the United States population. The RDAs for Venezuela are: 2-4 mg/day for infants less than 1 year old, 6-8 mg/ day for children between 1 and 8 years, 12 mg/day for children between 9 and 13 years, 14 mg/day for adolescents and female adults, 16 mg/day for adolescents and adult males, 18 mg/day during pregnancy and 17 mg/day during lactation. The estimated average requirement (EAR) is: 6-9 mg/day for children, 11 mg/ day for adolescents and female adults and 12 mg/day for adolescents and adult males, increasing to 14 mg/day during pregnancy and to 13 mg/day during lactation. The niacin Tolerable Upper Intake Levels (UL) are: 10 mg/day for children between 1 and 3 years, 15 mg/day for children between 4 and 8 years, 20 mg/day for children between 9 and 13 years, 30 mg/day for adolescents and 35 mg/day for adults. It is necessary to perform studies where the nutritional status of this vitamin is evaluated for different population groups, including not only the estimation of consumption, but the use of biochemical indicators, such as measuring the levels of the coenzymes NAD and NADP in erythrocytes or whole blood and determination of the major urinary metabolites of the vitamin.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Male , Middle Aged , Pregnancy , Young Adult , Niacin/administration & dosage , Recommended Dietary Allowances , Vitamin B Complex/administration & dosage , Reference Values , Venezuela
9.
An. bras. dermatol ; An. bras. dermatol;86(6): 1189-1192, nov.-dez. 2011. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-610427

ABSTRACT

A 42-year-old male patient, alcoholic, presented showing signs of tumors in the neck and around the shoulders, scaly, erythematous-violaceous lesions and some bullous lesions in sun-exposed areas of upper and lower limbs. Based on clinical features, laboratory tests and imaging studies we have established the diagnosis of pellagra associated with benign symmetrical lipomatosis, both justified by chronic alcoholism. Treated with intravenous B-complex and oriented about the importance of alcohol withdrawal, the patient showed complete remission of skin lesions, but with no change in the lipomatosis.


Paciente masculino, 42 anos, etilista crônico, apresentando quadro de tumorações em região cervical e ao redor dos ombros, lesões eritemato-violáceas, descamativas e algumas lesões bolhosas, nas áreas fotoexpostas dos membros superiores e inferiores. Baseado no quadro clínico e nos exames complementares, foi estabelecido o diagnóstico de pelagra associada à lipomatose simétrica benigna, sendo ambos os quadros justificados pelo etilismo crônico. Tratado com reposição de complexo B intravenoso e orientado quanto à importância da abstinência alcoólica, apresentou remissão completa do quadro cutâneo, porém sem alteração da lipomatose.


Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Male , Alcoholism/complications , Lipomatosis, Multiple Symmetrical/complications , Pellagra/complications , Alcoholism/diagnosis , Head/pathology , Lipomatosis, Multiple Symmetrical/diagnosis , Neck/pathology , Pellagra/diagnosis , Shoulder/pathology , Skin/pathology
10.
Rev. colomb. cardiol ; 16(5): 214-220, sept.-oct. 2009.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-548862

ABSTRACT

La enfermedad coronaria es una entidad con causas múltiples, la primera causa de mortalidad en el mundo actual y, para el año 2025, la primera causa de morbilidad mundial. Dado su origen multicausal, el enfoque debe ser también múltiple; con revisión a todos los factores. Uno de los factores de riesgo, la dislipidemia, tiene varios aspectos que necesitan atención y control, aunque ésta se haya centrado tradicionalmente en el c-LDL, sin prestar mayor cuidado a las otras subfracciones. Los estudios clásicos en lípidos, principalmente con estatinas, han dirigido su atención, al c-LDL y se encuentran estudios en los que hay reducción en c-LDL sin cambios (o con muy pocos) en c-HDL. Aunque hay disminución en el riesgo de eventos y mortalidad, pueden apreciarse riesgos residuales significativos. Un estudio con fibratos tuvo los resultados opuestos, un aumento significativo en el c-HDL sin cambio en el c-LDL, y se observó una reducción interesante en el riesgo, pero con un riesgo similar al observado en los estudios con estatinas. Los estudios con intervenciones múltiples que impactan todas las subfracciones lipídicas, han mostrado cambios significativamente mejores en riesgo. La adición de niacina de liberación extendida al armamentario terapéutico ha permitido, en combinación con estatinas, obtener un mejor control de todas las subfracciones lipídicas, así como reducciones significativas en riesgo y en crecimiento de placa. Los efectos de la niacida de liberación extendida son reducción de c-LDL y triglicéridos, aumento en c-HDL y también reducción en LP(a), así como cambios benéficos en apoA y apoB. Las reacciones adversas, como el enrojecimiento, pueden controlarse y en muchos casos evitarse, y han mostrado ser pasajeras y disminuir hasta desaparecer con el tiempo.


Coronary artery disease is an entity with multiple causes. It is the first cause of mortality in the world, and for the year 2025, will be the first cause of morbidity. Given its multi-causal origin, the approach must also be multiple and all factors should be controlled. Dyslipidemia, one of the main risk factors, has several aspects that need attention and control, although the attention has traditionally been focused on LDL-c, disregarding other lipidic subfractions. Classical lipid studies mainly those with statins, have directed their attention to LDL-c, and there are studies in which there is a LDL-c reduction without little or no change in HDL-C. Even though events and mortality risks decrease, significant residual risks can be appreciated. A study with fibrates had the opposite results, showing significant increase in HDL-c without any change in LDL-c, and an interesting decrease in risk but also with a similar risk to that found in previous studies with statins was observed. Studies with multiple interventions that impact all lipidic sub-fractions have shown better significant changes in risk. Addition of niacin extended release to the pool of drugs in combination witn statins, has allowed to achieve a better control of all the lipidic subfractions as well as significant reductions in risk and plaque growth. The effects of the niacin extended release are reduction of LDL-c and triglycerides, increase in HDL-c and also LP(a) reduction, as well as beneficial changes in ApoA and ApoB. Adverse reactions, such as flushing, can be controlled and in many cases avoided, and have shown to be transient and to decrease and even disappear with time.


Subject(s)
Cholesterol, HDL , Dyslipidemias , Niacin
11.
Rev. Inst. Adolfo Lutz ; 68(2): 187-191, maio-ago. 2009. tab
Article in English | LILACS, Sec. Est. Saúde SP, SESSP-CTDPROD, Sec. Est. Saúde SP, SESSP-ACVSES, SESSP-IALPROD, Sec. Est. Saúde SP, SESSP-IALACERVO | ID: lil-544604

ABSTRACT

Hydrosoluble vitamins B1, B2, B6 and PP are essential organic substances for human organism, functioning as coenzymes on several metabolic cycles. In the present investigation four vitamins of B complex and its vitamers contents were determined in royal jelly samples marketed in São Paulo, Brazil. A single extraction process was employed, and each vitamin was determined by HPLC using C18 column and detected by fluorescence. Four samples from different suppliers were analyzed, and the results varied from 0.08 to 0.41 mg/100g (vitamin B1 orthiamine); from 0.01 to 0.05 mg/100g (vitamin B2 or ribofl avin); from 0.13 to 0.38 mg/100g (piridoxal - vitamin B6); from 0.26 to 1.38 mg/100g (piridoxamine - vitamin B6); from 0.21 to 0.57 mg/100g (niacin - vitamin PP);and from 1.56 to 2.00 mg/100g (niacinamide - vitamin PP). These data show that royal jelly is not an important source of the analyzed vitamins, though the results indicate that the employed technique is suitable for determining these four vitamins and its vitamers.


Subject(s)
Bees , Niacin , Riboflavin , Thiamine , Vitamins
12.
R. Inst. Adolfo Lutz ; 68(2): 187-191, 2009.
Article in English | VETINDEX | ID: vti-452835

ABSTRACT

Hydrosoluble vitamins B1, B2, B6 and PP are essential organic substances for human organism, functioning as coenzymes on several metabolic cycles. In the present investigation four vitamins of B complex and its vitamers contents were determined in royal jelly samples marketed in São Paulo, Brazil. A single extraction process was employed, and each vitamin was determined by HPLC using C18 column and detected by fluorescence. Four samples from different suppliers were analyzed, and the results varied from 0.08 to 0.41 mg/100g (vitamin B1 or thiamine); from 0.01 to 0.05 mg/100g (vitamin B2 or riboflavin); from 0.13 to 0.38 mg/100g (piridoxal - vitaminB6); from 0.26 to 1.38 mg/100g (piridoxamine - vitamin B6); from 0.21 to 0.57 mg/100g (niacin - vitamin PP);and from 1.56 to 2.00 mg/100g (niacinamide - vitamin PP). These data show that royal jelly is not an important source of the analyzed vitamins, though the results indicate that the employed technique is suitable for determining these four vitamins and its vitamers.


As vitaminas hidrossolúveis B1, B2, B6 e PP são importantes substâncias para o organismo humano, que atuam como coenzimas em diversos ciclos metabólicos. No presente trabalho, foram determinados os teores de quatro vitaminas do complexo B e de seus vitâmeros em amostras de geleia real comercializadas no Estado de São Paulo. Foi utilizado um único processo de extração e a determinação de cada vitamina foi realizada por CLAE utilizando-se coluna C18 e a detecção foi feita por fluorescência. Quatro amostras de diferentes fornecedores foram analisadas e os resultados variaram de 0,08 a 0,41 mg/100g (vitamina B1 ou tiamina); de 0,01 a 0,05 mg/100g (vitaminaB2 ou riboflavina); de 0,13 a 0,38 mg/100g (piridoxal vitamina B6); de 0,26 a 1,38 mg/100g (piridoxamina -vitamina B6); de 0,21 a 0,57 mg/100g (niacina vitamina PP) e de 1,56 a 2,00 mg/100g (niacinamida vitamina PP). Conclui-se que a geleia real não é fonte importante dessas vitaminas, mas verifica-se que a técnica utilizada é adequada para efetuar as determinações das quatro vitaminas analisadas e de seus vitâmeros.

13.
Rev. cuba. med. trop ; 47(2): 135-136, jul.-dic. 1995.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-629256

ABSTRACT

Se identificaron cepas de Mycobacterium tuberculosis con la utilización de tiras de papel para la técnica de niacina, elaboradas en el Laboratorio Nacional de Referencia de Tuberculosis y Micobacterias del IPK. Se compararon los resultados obtenidos con la técnica de niacina convencional y se obtuvo el 100 % de coincidencia, se reportan las ventajas, sensibilidad y estabilidad de las tiras.

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