Deficiência de fósforo em caprinos no semiárido de Pernambuco / Phosphorus deficiency in goats in the semiarid region of Pernambuco, Brazil

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os aspectos clínicos e patológicos da deficiência de fósforo em caprinos no semiárido de Pernambuco. Para isso, visitas técnicas foram realizadas em diferentes propriedades na microrregião do Sertão do Moxotó durante o período da estação seca. Realizaram-se exames clínicos, determinação da atividade sérica de cálcio total e ionizado, fosforo sérico, magnésio, razão Ca:P, proteína total, albumina, globulina e o percentual de cinzas ósseas. Biopsias ósseas da região hipocondríaca da 12 costela direita foram fixadas em solução de formalina a 10% e descalcificadas para análises histológicas. Os principais sinais clínicos observados nos caprinos com deficiência de fósforo foram aumento da fragilidade óssea além de desidratação, magreza, hipomotilidade ruminal, alopecia, pelos opacos, quebradiços e eriçados e osteofagia. As médias dos valores das cinzas ósseas e do teor de fósforo nos ossos estavam abaixo dos valores de referência e a correlação entre essas duas variáveis foi fortemente positiva (r=0,91); a redução da concentração do fósforo sérico foi acompanhada da redução da porcentagem desse mineral nas cinzas. Esse resultado é conclusivo para o diagnóstico de deficiência de fósforo. No exame microscópico dos fragmentos ósseos das costelas, verificou-se evidente aumento da atividade osteoclástica com áreas de reabsorção óssea e maior quantidade de tecido osteóide e de fibras colágenas na matriz óssea. Conclui-se que a deficiência de fósforo é uma doença frequente em caprinos criados em regime semi-extensivo no semiárido de Pernambuco e que a suplementação desse mineral é necessária na região estudada.(AU)

The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical and pathological aspects of phosphorus deficiency in goats in the semiarid region of Pernambuco. For this, technical visits were carried out at different properties in the Sertão do Moxotó region during the dry season period. Clinical examinations, serum analysis and rib biopsies were carried out to determine macromineral contents. Serum concentrations of total and ionized Ca, serum and bone P, Mg, Ca:P ratio, total protein, albumin, globulin and ashes were determined. Bone biopsies were performed by surgical procedure in the hypochondriac region of the 12th right rib which were fixed in 10% formalin solution and decalcified for histological analysis. The main clinical signs in phosphorus-deficient goats consisted of dehydration, poor corporal score, ruminal hypomotility, alopecia, opaque, brittle and bristly hair and osteophagy. The averages of bone ashes and phosphorus content in bones were below the reference values and the correlation between these two variables was strongly positive (r=0.91). The reduction of the serum phosphorus concentration was accompanied by the reduction of the percentage of this mineral in the ashes. This result is conclusive for the diagnosis of phosphorus deficiency. In the microscopic examination of ribs bony fragments there was a clear increase in osteoclastic activity with areas of bone resorption and a greater amount of osteoid tissue and collagen fibers in the bone matrix. It is concluded that phosphorus deficiency is a frequent disease in goats in the semiarid region of Pernambuco, Brazil and and the supplementation of this mineral is necessary in the studied region.(AU)

Deficiência de fósforo em caprinos no semiárido de Pernambuco / Phosphorus deficiency in goats in the semiarid region of Pernambuco, Brazil

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os aspectos clínicos e patológicos da deficiência de fósforo em caprinos no semiárido de Pernambuco. Para isso, visitas técnicas foram realizadas em diferentes propriedades na microrregião do Sertão do Moxotó durante o período da estação seca. Realizaram-se exames clínicos, determinação da atividade sérica de cálcio total e ionizado, fosforo sérico, magnésio, razão Ca:P, proteína total, albumina, globulina e o percentual de cinzas ósseas. Biopsias ósseas da região hipocondríaca da 12 costela direita foram fixadas em solução de formalina a 10% e descalcificadas para análises histológicas. Os principais sinais clínicos observados nos caprinos com deficiência de fósforo foram aumento da fragilidade óssea além de desidratação, magreza, hipomotilidade ruminal, alopecia, pelos opacos, quebradiços e eriçados e osteofagia. As médias dos valores das cinzas ósseas e do teor de fósforo nos ossos estavam abaixo dos valores de referência e a correlação entre essas duas variáveis foi fortemente positiva (r=0,91); a redução da concentração do fósforo sérico foi acompanhada da redução da porcentagem desse mineral nas cinzas. Esse resultado é conclusivo para o diagnóstico de deficiência de fósforo. No exame microscópico dos fragmentos ósseos das costelas, verificou-se evidente aumento da atividade osteoclástica com áreas de reabsorção óssea e maior quantidade de tecido osteóide e de fibras colágenas na matriz óssea. Conclui-se que a deficiência de fósforo é uma doença frequente em caprinos criados em regime semi-extensivo no semiárido de Pernambuco e que a suplementação desse mineral é necessária na região estudada.(AU)

The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical and pathological aspects of phosphorus deficiency in goats in the semiarid region of Pernambuco. For this, technical visits were carried out at different properties in the Sertão do Moxotó region during the dry season period. Clinical examinations, serum analysis and rib biopsies were carried out to determine macromineral contents. Serum concentrations of total and ionized Ca, serum and bone P, Mg, Ca:P ratio, total protein, albumin, globulin and ashes were determined. Bone biopsies were performed by surgical procedure in the hypochondriac region of the 12th right rib which were fixed in 10% formalin solution and decalcified for histological analysis. The main clinical signs in phosphorus-deficient goats consisted of dehydration, poor corporal score, ruminal hypomotility, alopecia, opaque, brittle and bristly hair and osteophagy. The averages of bone ashes and phosphorus content in bones were below the reference values and the correlation between these two variables was strongly positive (r=0.91). The reduction of the serum phosphorus concentration was accompanied by the reduction of the percentage of this mineral in the ashes. This result is conclusive for the diagnosis of phosphorus deficiency. In the microscopic examination of ribs bony fragments there was a clear increase in osteoclastic activity with areas of bone resorption and a greater amount of osteoid tissue and collagen fibers in the bone matrix. It is concluded that phosphorus deficiency is a frequent disease in goats in the semiarid region of Pernambuco, Brazil and and the supplementation of this mineral is necessary in the studied region.(AU)

Deficiência de fósforo em caprinos no semiárido de Pernambuco

ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical and pathological aspects of phosphorus deficiency in goats in the semiarid region of Pernambuco. For this, technical visits were carried out at different properties in the Sertão do Moxotó region during the dry season period. Clinical examinations, serum analysis and rib biopsies were carried out to determine macromineral contents. Serum concentrations of total and ionized Ca, serum and bone P, Mg, Ca:P ratio, total protein, albumin, globulin and ashes were determined. Bone biopsies were performed by surgical procedure in the hypochondriac region of the 12th right rib which were fixed in 10% formalin solution and decalcified for histological analysis. The main clinical signs in phosphorus-deficient goats consisted of dehydration, poor corporal score, ruminal hypomotility, alopecia, opaque, brittle and bristly hair and osteophagy. The averages of bone ashes and phosphorus content in bones were below the reference values and the correlation between these two variables was strongly positive (r=0.91). The reduction of the serum phosphorus concentration was accompanied by the reduction of the percentage of this mineral in the ashes. This result is conclusive for the diagnosis of phosphorus deficiency. In the microscopic examination of ribs bony fragments there was a clear increase in osteoclastic activity with areas of bone resorption and a greater amount of osteoid tissue and collagen fibers in the bone matrix. It is concluded that phosphorus deficiency is a frequent disease in goats in the semiarid region of Pernambuco, Brazil and and the supplementation of this mineral is necessary in the studied region.

RESUMO: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os aspectos clínicos e patológicos da deficiência de fósforo em caprinos no semiárido de Pernambuco. Para isso, visitas técnicas foram realizadas em diferentes propriedades na microrregião do Sertão do Moxotó durante o período da estação seca. Realizaram-se exames clínicos, determinação da atividade sérica de cálcio total e ionizado, fosforo sérico, magnésio, razão Ca:P, proteína total, albumina, globulina e o percentual de cinzas ósseas. Biopsias ósseas da região hipocondríaca da 12 costela direita foram fixadas em solução de formalina a 10% e descalcificadas para análises histológicas. Os principais sinais clínicos observados nos caprinos com deficiência de fósforo foram aumento da fragilidade óssea além de desidratação, magreza, hipomotilidade ruminal, alopecia, pelos opacos, quebradiços e eriçados e osteofagia. As médias dos valores das cinzas ósseas e do teor de fósforo nos ossos estavam abaixo dos valores de referência e a correlação entre essas duas variáveis foi fortemente positiva (r=0,91); a redução da concentração do fósforo sérico foi acompanhada da redução da porcentagem desse mineral nas cinzas. Esse resultado é conclusivo para o diagnóstico de deficiência de fósforo. No exame microscópico dos fragmentos ósseos das costelas, verificou-se evidente aumento da atividade osteoclástica com áreas de reabsorção óssea e maior quantidade de tecido osteóide e de fibras colágenas na matriz óssea. Conclui-se que a deficiência de fósforo é uma doença frequente em caprinos criados em regime semi-extensivo no semiárido de Pernambuco e que a suplementação desse mineral é necessária na região estudada.

Epidemiology, clinical signs, laboratorial and pathological findings in eight outbreaks of botulism in cattle in Rio Grande do Norte state, Northeastern Brazil / Epidemiologia, sinais clínicos, achados laboratoriais e patológicos em oito surtos de botulismo em bovinos no Rio Grande do Norte

Background: Botulism is caused by a neurotoxin produced by Clostridium botulinum, a gram-positive bacterium, sporeforming anaerobe. In Brazil, this disease has relevant importance causing economic disturbance in livestock production. The present study aimed to report the epidemiology, clinical-pathological and laboratorial findings of eight outbreaks of botulism in cattle from Rio Grande do Norte, Northeastern Brazil.Material, Methods & Results: Clinical and epidemiological data of eight outbreaks of botulism were obtained during visits to farms from Mossoró, Serra do Mel, Governador Dix-Sept Rosado and Olho Dágua dos Borges municipalities, located at the semiarid region of Rio Grande do Norte state, Northeastern Brazil. The outbreaks occurred in July 2009, August and September 2010, and April, May and October 2013. Blood and cerebrospinal fluid samples were collected from eleven and six animals, respectively, for laboratorial analysis. Ten cattle that recently died were necropsied, and fragments of several tissues (central nervous system, liver, kidney, heart and small intestine) were collected for histopathological examination. The observed clinical signs varied according to the clinical evolution of the disease, and included progressive paralysis of hindlimbs and sternal decubitus. The common clinical findings in all cattle was decreased muscular tonus of tongue...

Epidemiology, clinical signs, laboratorial and pathological findings in eight outbreaks of botulism in cattle in Rio Grande do Norte state, Northeastern Brazil / Epidemiologia, sinais clínicos, achados laboratoriais e patológicos em oito surtos de botulismo em bovinos no Rio Grande do Norte

Background: Botulism is caused by a neurotoxin produced by Clostridium botulinum, a gram-positive bacterium, sporeforming anaerobe. In Brazil, this disease has relevant importance causing economic disturbance in livestock production. The present study aimed to report the epidemiology, clinical-pathological and laboratorial findings of eight outbreaks of botulism in cattle from Rio Grande do Norte, Northeastern Brazil.Material, Methods & Results: Clinical and epidemiological data of eight outbreaks of botulism were obtained during visits to farms from Mossoró, Serra do Mel, Governador Dix-Sept Rosado and Olho Dágua dos Borges municipalities, located at the semiarid region of Rio Grande do Norte state, Northeastern Brazil. The outbreaks occurred in July 2009, August and September 2010, and April, May and October 2013. Blood and cerebrospinal fluid samples were collected from eleven and six animals, respectively, for laboratorial analysis. Ten cattle that recently died were necropsied, and fragments of several tissues (central nervous system, liver, kidney, heart and small intestine) were collected for histopathological examination. The observed clinical signs varied according to the clinical evolution of the disease, and included progressive paralysis of hindlimbs and sternal decubitus. The common clinical findings in all cattle was decreased muscular tonus of tongue...(AU)