DO OLDER PATIENTS "WARN" THAT THEY WILL SUFFER A NEW FRACTURE?

Objective: To evaluate whether patients older than 60 years admitted for fracture treatment had a history of previous fracture, a diagnosis of osteoporosis, or were under treatment for bone fragility. Methods: Retrospective study including 100 patients older than 60 years with fracture. Fracture location, bone densitometry within the past two years, previous diagnosis and osteoporosis treatment, and previous fracture within the past five years were assessed. Using Fisher's test, it was evaluated whether there was an association between previous fracture and osteoporosis treatment. Results: The most prevalent fracture was in the proximal femur (48%). Of the patients, 18% had fracture in the last five years, with 22% of them diagnosed with osteoporosis, and 22% under treatment. Previous fracture in the last five years was not associated with having a diagnosis of osteoporosis, having had bone densitometry, or being under treatment for osteoporosis. Conclusion: Among patients with previous fracture, only 22% were aware of their diagnosis of osteoporosis, and less than 25% of them were under bone fragility treatment. Previous fracture in the past five years had no association with having a diagnosis of osteoporosis, having had bone densitometry, or being on osteoporosis treatment. Level of Evidence III, Retrospective Study.

Objetivo: Avaliar se os pacientes com mais de 60 anos internados para tratamento de fraturas têm história de fratura prévia, diagnóstico de osteoporose ou se estão em tratamento para fragilidade óssea. Métodos: Estudo retrospectivo que inclui 100 pacientes maiores de 60 anos com fratura. Avaliamos a localização da fratura, a densitometria óssea nos últimos dois anos, o diagnóstico e os tratamentos anteriores de osteoporose, assim como a presença de fratura prévia nos últimos cinco anos. Através de testes de Fisher avaliamos se houve associação entre fratura prévia e tratamento de osteoporose. Resultados: A fratura mais prevalente foi na extremidade proximal do fêmur (48%). Do total de pacientes, 18% tiveram fratura nos últimos cinco anos, sendo que 22% deles tinham diagnóstico de osteoporose e 22% estavam em tratamento. Fratura prévia nos últimos cinco anos não teve associação com diagnóstico de osteoporose, realização de densitometria óssea ou tratamento para osteoporose. Conclusão: Entre os pacientes com fratura prévia, apenas 22% estavam cientes do diagnóstico de osteoporose, e menos de 25% deles estavam em tratamento para fragilidade óssea. Não houve associação de fratura prévia nos últimos cinco anos com diagnóstico de osteoporose, realização de densitometria óssea ou tratamento para osteoporose. Nível de Evidência III, Estudo Retrospectivo.

Do older patients "warn" that they will suffer a new fracture? / O paciente idoso "avisa" que vai sofrer uma nova fratura?

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate whether patients older than 60 years admitted for fracture treatment had a history of previous fracture, a diagnosis of osteoporosis, or were under treatment for bone fragility. Methods: Retrospective study including 100 patients older than 60 years with fracture. Fracture location, bone densitometry within the past two years, previous diagnosis and osteoporosis treatment, and previous fracture within the past five years were assessed. Using Fisher's test, it was evaluated whether there was an association between previous fracture and osteoporosis treatment. Results: The most prevalent fracture was in the proximal femur (48%). Of the patients, 18% had fracture in the last five years, with 22% of them diagnosed with osteoporosis, and 22% under treatment. Previous fracture in the last five years was not associated with having a diagnosis of osteoporosis, having had bone densitometry, or being under treatment for osteoporosis. Conclusion: Among patients with previous fracture, only 22% were aware of their diagnosis of osteoporosis, and less than 25% of them were under bone fragility treatment. Previous fracture in the past five years had no association with having a diagnosis of osteoporosis, having had bone densitometry, or being on osteoporosis treatment. Level of Evidence III, Retrospective Study.

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar se os pacientes com mais de 60 anos internados para tratamento de fraturas têm história de fratura prévia, diagnóstico de osteoporose ou se estão em tratamento para fragilidade óssea. Métodos: Estudo retrospectivo que inclui 100 pacientes maiores de 60 anos com fratura. Avaliamos a localização da fratura, a densitometria óssea nos últimos dois anos, o diagnóstico e os tratamentos anteriores de osteoporose, assim como a presença de fratura prévia nos últimos cinco anos. Através de testes de Fisher avaliamos se houve associação entre fratura prévia e tratamento de osteoporose. Resultados: A fratura mais prevalente foi na extremidade proximal do fêmur (48%). Do total de pacientes, 18% tiveram fratura nos últimos cinco anos, sendo que 22% deles tinham diagnóstico de osteoporose e 22% estavam em tratamento. Fratura prévia nos últimos cinco anos não teve associação com diagnóstico de osteoporose, realização de densitometria óssea ou tratamento para osteoporose. Conclusão: Entre os pacientes com fratura prévia, apenas 22% estavam cientes do diagnóstico de osteoporose, e menos de 25% deles estavam em tratamento para fragilidade óssea. Não houve associação de fratura prévia nos últimos cinco anos com diagnóstico de osteoporose, realização de densitometria óssea ou tratamento para osteoporose. Nível de Evidência III, Estudo Retrospectivo.

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on osteoporotic hip fractures in Chile.

The study analyzes whether the COVID-19 pandemic affects annual hip fractures (HF) rates and weekly emergency department (ED) consultations and hospitalizations due to trauma in older people. During the COVID-19 pandemic, HF rates and ED consultation and hospitalization rates due to trauma decreased. PURPOSE: To describe the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on annual HF rates and weekly ED consultation and hospitalization rates due to trauma in Chile in 2020, compared to 2016-2019. METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted based on data from Chile's Department of Statistics and Health Information. Annual HF admissions, weekly ED consultations and hospitalizations due to trauma were described for the years 2016-2020, grouping the years 2016-2019 to compare them with 2020. Rates were calculated per 100.000 inhabitants. RESULTS: From 2016 to 2020, a total of 35.050 patients aged ≥ 65 years were hospitalized in Chile with a diagnosis of HF, with the lowest number of admissions in 2020 (6.423). During 2020, annual HF rate was 273.6/100.000, representing a decrease of 18.5% compared to the average annual HF rate of 2016-2019 (335.7/100.000). In 2020, the weekly consultation rate due to trauma in older adults decreased by 20.8% and the weekly hospitalization rate due to trauma in older adults decreased by 18.5%. CONCLUSION: During the COVID-19 pandemic, osteoporotic HF rates decreased, along with ED consultation and hospitalization rates due to trauma in older adults. This could be a result of mobility restrictions and a significant increase in the proportion of self-reliant older adults in the Chilean population.

EVALUATION OF MANAGEMENT OF PATIENTS WITH OSTEOPOROTIC FRACTURES BY ORTHOPEDIC RESIDENTS: A CROSS-SECTIONAL OBSERVATIONAL STUDY.

Objective: To assess whether residents (R1, R2, or R3 - according to the year of residency) of a tertiary orthopedic service investigate, treat and/or refer the patient with osteoporotic fracture for osteoporosis (OP) treatment and whether this learning is improved over the years of residency. Methods: Residents answered diagnostic and therapeutic questions related to a clinical case of osteoporotic fracture (OF) in 4 settings, which were initial care in the emergency room, at discharge, during outpatient follow-up at 3 and 6 months. Responses were compared between years of residency. Results: Twenty R1, 21 R2, and 19 R3 raised the questions. One resident treated osteoporosis in R1, two in R2, and four in R3. Seventy-five percent of R1, 90.5% of R2, and 68% of R3 referred patients for OP treatment. Over the years, there has been improved prescribing lab tests for osteoporosis (p = 0.028), with 52.6% of third-year residents prescribing adequate lab tests. In the same period, 100% of R3 correctly prescribed prophylaxis for deep vein thrombosis (p = 0.001). Conclusion: There is learning, but not enough, for secondary prevention of FO. Level of Evidence I; Prospective Comparative Study.

Objetivo: Avaliar se residentes (R1, R2 ou R3 - de acordo com o ano de residência) de um serviço ortopédico terciário, investigam, tratam e/ou encaminham o paciente com fratura osteoporótica para tratamento de osteoporose (OP) e se esse aprendizado é melhorado ao longo dos anos de residência. Métodos: Os residentes responderam a questões diagnósticas e terapêuticas relacionadas a um caso clínico de fratura osteoporótica (OF) em 4 cenários, que foram o atendimento inicial no pronto-socorro, no momento da alta hospitalar, durante o acompanhamento ambulatorial em 3 e 6 meses. As respostas foram comparadas entre os anos de residência. Resultado: Vinte R1, 21 R2 e 19 R3 levantaram as questões. Um residente tratou osteoporose em R1, dois em R2 e quatro em R3. Setenta e cinco por cento de R1, 90,5% de R2 e 68% de R3 encaminharam pacientes para tratamento com OP. Há melhora na prescrição de exames laboratoriais para investigação de osteoporose ao longo dos anos (p = 0,028) com 52,6% dos residentes do terceiro ano que prescrevem exames laboratoriais adequados. No mesmo período, 100% de R3 prescreveram corretamente a profilaxia para trombose venosa profunda (p = 0,001). Conclusão: Há aprendizado, porém insuficiente, para a prevenção secundária da FO. Nível de Evidência I; Estudo Prospectivo Comparativo.

Decreasing hip fracture rates among older adults in Chile, 2001-2019.

Our aim was to analyze trends in hip fracture rates in people aged ≥ 65 years, from 2001 to 2019 in Chile. Age-standardized incidence rates decreased significantly in both genders over the study period. PURPOSE: To describe and analyze the characteristics and trends of osteoporotic hip fractures in Chile from 2001 to 2019, by age and sex. METHODS: We assessed hip fractures in people aged ≥ 65 years using data from the hospital discharge register of Chile's Department of Statistics and Health. The Joinpoint regression analysis software was used to perform a trend analysis. RESULTS: From 2001 to 2019, a total of 107.972 patients aged ≥ 65 years were hospitalized in Chile with a diagnosis of hip fracture (S72.0, S72.1, and S72.2). 77.4% of the patients were females, and 63.7% were adults aged ≥ 80 years. The average annual incidence rate over this period was 358.3/100.000 in the whole population (95% CI: ± 12.8), 195.2/100.000 in men (95% CI: ± 9), and 482/100.000 in women (95% CI: ± 15.5). After an adjustment for age, hip fracture rates decreased annually on average by 1.0% (p < 0.001, 95% CI: - 1.4%, - 0.7%), from 358.5/100.000 in 2001 to 331.7/100.000 in 2019. Hip fracture rates decreased annually in both men (- 1.4%, p < 0.001) and women (- 0.9%, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The incidence of osteoporotic hip fractures has been decreasing annually and significantly in Chile since 2001, both in men and women. This may be caused by increased levels of obesity and a lower risk of falling among older adults. We recommend further studies to assess all factors contributing to this change in hip fracture rates.

Evaluation of management of patients with osteoporotic fractures by orthopedic residents: a cross-sectional observational study / Avaliação do manejo de pacientes com fraturas osteoporóticas por residentes de ortopedia: um estudo transversal observacional

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess whether residents (R1, R2, or R3 - according to the year of residency) of a tertiary orthopedic service investigate, treat and/or refer the patient with osteoporotic fracture for osteoporosis (OP) treatment and whether this learning is improved over the years of residency. Methods: Residents answered diagnostic and therapeutic questions related to a clinical case of osteoporotic fracture (OF) in 4 settings, which were initial care in the emergency room, at discharge, during outpatient follow-up at 3 and 6 months. Responses were compared between years of residency. Results: Twenty R1, 21 R2, and 19 R3 raised the questions. One resident treated osteoporosis in R1, two in R2, and four in R3. Seventy-five percent of R1, 90.5% of R2, and 68% of R3 referred patients for OP treatment. Over the years, there has been improved prescribing lab tests for osteoporosis (p = 0.028), with 52.6% of third-year residents prescribing adequate lab tests. In the same period, 100% of R3 correctly prescribed prophylaxis for deep vein thrombosis (p = 0.001). Conclusion: There is learning, but not enough, for secondary prevention of FO. Level of Evidence I; Prospective Comparative Study.

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar se residentes (R1, R2 ou R3 - de acordo com o ano de residência) de um serviço ortopédico terciário, investigam, tratam e/ou encaminham o paciente com fratura osteoporótica para tratamento de osteoporose (OP) e se esse aprendizado é melhorado ao longo dos anos de residência. Métodos: Os residentes responderam a questões diagnósticas e terapêuticas relacionadas a um caso clínico de fratura osteoporótica (OF) em 4 cenários, que foram o atendimento inicial no pronto-socorro, no momento da alta hospitalar, durante o acompanhamento ambulatorial em 3 e 6 meses. As respostas foram comparadas entre os anos de residência. Resultado: Vinte R1, 21 R2 e 19 R3 levantaram as questões. Um residente tratou osteoporose em R1, dois em R2 e quatro em R3. Setenta e cinco por cento de R1, 90,5% de R2 e 68% de R3 encaminharam pacientes para tratamento com OP. Há melhora na prescrição de exames laboratoriais para investigação de osteoporose ao longo dos anos (p = 0,028) com 52,6% dos residentes do terceiro ano que prescrevem exames laboratoriais adequados. No mesmo período, 100% de R3 prescreveram corretamente a profilaxia para trombose venosa profunda (p = 0,001). Conclusão: Há aprendizado, porém insuficiente, para a prevenção secundária da FO. Nível de Evidência I; Estudo Prospectivo Comparativo.

Higher latitude and lower solar radiation influence on hip fracture admissions in Chilean older population.

Data linking solar radiation with fractures are lacking. We found that lower solar radiation was associated with higher hip fracture admission rates in men from Chile. This supports the idea that solar radiation, a surrogate of vitamin D, may be involved in the development of fractures in older population. INTRODUCTION : To explore the associations between solar radiation and latitude with hip fracture admission rates in people aged 65 years or older in Chile, the country with the greatest variation in solar radiation in the world. METHODS: In this ecological study, we investigated the associations between regional solar radiation and latitude with hospitalizations due to hip fracture in population aged 65 years or older, by reviewing national records between 2013 and 2018. We also evaluated the role of sociodemographic factors such as poverty, education, indigenous ethnicity, and rurality rates. RESULTS: Between 2013 and 2018, there were 44,328 admissions due to hip fracture in people aged 65 years or older; 77.5% were women and 65.1% were aged 80 years or older. The national admission rate was 389.3 per 100,000 inhabitants (95% CI: 382.4-396.2). The highest admission rate was registered in the Region IX (445.3 per 100,000, 95% CI: 398.3-492.4), which has the highest poverty rates, indigenous ethnicity rates, and rurality rates. We found a north-south increasing gradient of admission rates in men (ß=1.5 [95% CI: 0 to 3], p=0.044) and a significant association between solar radiation and admission rates in men (ß=-4.4 [95% CI: -8 to 0.8], p=0.02). Admission rates in men were also associated with sociodemographic variables such as poverty (ß=2.4 [95% CI: 0 to 4.8], p=0.048) and rurality rates (ß=1.2 [95% CI: 0.1 to 2.4], p=0.039). CONCLUSION: Regional solar radiation and latitude were associated with hip fracture admission rates in men aged 65 years or older in Chile, with highest admission rates at higher latitudes and lower solar radiation.

Evaluation of bone densitometry by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry as a fracture prediction tool in women with chronic kidney disease.

BACKGROUND: The 2017 KDIGO guidelines establish a 2B grade recommendation in favor of testing Bone Mineral Density (BMD) by DXA to assess osteoporotic fracture (OPF) risk in patients with CKD G3a-G5D. Still, controversy remains because large studies evaluating it for this particular population are lacking. AIM: To establish the clinical performance of BMD measured by DXA in the evaluation of fracture risk in women with CKD. METHODS: We conducted a 43 year retrospective cohort study with 218 women ≥18 years-old with CKD and BMD measurement by DXA of total hip and lumbar spine. Clinical (age, year of CKD onset, comorbidities, BMI, transplant status, treatment), and biochemical (PTH, corrected calcium, phosphate, vitamin D [25 (OH) D3], creatinine, and albumin), parameters were collected from hospital records. All osteoporotic fractures (as defined by the WHO) found in the clinical and radiologic files were registered. RESULTS: 218 women with a median age of 60 years (40-73 IQ range) and a CKD evolution time of 12 years (7-18 IQ range) were evaluated. Forty-eight (28.23%) presented an OPF. These women were older (57 vs 69 years, p =0.0072) and had a lower BMD. CKD stage did not influence fracture incidence. In the multivariate analysis we found that for each standard deviation decrease in hip and lumbar spine T-Score, the overall fracture risk was 2.7 and 2.04 times higher, respectively. More than 50% of fractures took place within the first ten years of follow-up, especially with GFR <30 mL/min/m2 and osteoporosis. Diabetes and hypothyroidism accelerated fracture onset, while renal transplant delayed it. In the ROC analysis, the AUC was largest with the total hip (0.7098, p = 0.000) and lumbar spine (0.6916, p = 0.000). CONCLUSIONS: BMD measured by DXA is a useful fracture prediction tool for women with CKD, having a sensibility and specificity similar to that in the general population. It seems to be appropriate for the diagnosis, treatment decisions, and follow-up of patients with renal failure.

Are traumatologists treating osteoporosis to prevent new fractures in brazil? / Os traumatologistas tratam osteoporose, para prevenir uma nova fratura, no brasil?

ABSTRACT Objectives: To determine the proportion of traumatologists who investigate osteoporosis in elderly patients with fractures and recommend secondary prevention of osteoporotic fractures. Methods: We distributed questionnaires to 244 physicians attending the 2015 Brazilian Congress of Orthopedic Trauma. We determined the respondents' profiles and assessed how they investigated and treated osteoporosis in elderly patients with fractures. Results: Overall, 32% of the respondents reported that their knowledge level regarding osteoporosis ranged from 0-5 (out of 0-10). In total, 42% of the participants reported that they usually requested DXA for elderly patients with fractures and less than 30% reported prescribing supplemental calcium and/or vitamin D. We considered physicians conducting a complete treatment for the patient as those who in addition to requesting DXA prescribed supplemental calcium, vitamin D, and specific medications for their elderly patients, and recommended non-pharmacological measures. Only 0.8% of the participants fulfilled all these criteria. In addition, 47% of the traumatologists reported that they did not treat osteoporosis directly but instead, referred osteoporotic patients to a qualified physician. Conclusion: Less than 50% of the surveyed traumatologists investigated and performed secondary prevention against osteoporotic fractures after treating an elderly patient with a fracture. Level of evidence III, Economic and Decision Analyses - Developing an Economic or Decisions Model.

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a proporção de traumatologistas que investigam a osteoporose nos pacientes idosos com fraturas e recomendam a prevenção secundária das fraturas osteoporóticas. Métodos: Distribuímos questionários para 244 médicos participantes do Congresso Brasileiro de Traumatología Ortopédica em 2015. Determinamos o perfil dos mesmos e avaliamos como os entrevistados investigam e tratam a osteoporose nos pacientes idosos com fraturas. Resultados: Entre os entrevistados, 32% relataram que seu nível de conhecimento sobre osteoporose seria algo entre 0 e 5 (de 0 a 10). No total, 42% dos participantes relataram que frequentemente solicitam DXA para pacientes idosos com fraturas, mas menos de 30% relataram prescrever suplementação com cálcio e/ou vitamina D. Consideramos como prescritores do tratamento completo para o paciente aqueles médicos que, além de solicitar DXA, prescrevem suplementação de cálcio, vitamina D e medicamentos específicos para seus pacientes idosos, além de recomendar medidas não farmacológicas. Apenas 0,8% dos participantes preencheram todos esses critérios. Além disso, 47% dos traumatologistas relataram que não tratam a osteoporose, mas encaminham seus pacientes com osteoporose para um médico que o faz. Conclusão: Menos de 50% dos traumatologistas pesquisados investigam e realizam prevenção secundária contra fraturas osteoporóticas após tratamento de paciente idoso com fratura. Nível de evidência III, Análises econômicas e de decisão - Desenvolvimento de modelo econômico ou de decisão.

[Osteoporotic pubic rami fracture: a benign injury?] / Fracturas osteoporóticas de ramas pélvicas: ¿Son una lesión benigna?

Objective: We analized patients treated for osteoporotic rami fractures in our hospital. Methods: We examined the records of patients presenting to the emergency department with osteoporotic low-impact rami fractures. We describe demographic, previously ambulatory ability, diagnosis, associated injuries, comorbility, complications and 1 year mortality. Results: 60 patients (51 women) with a mean age of 83,5 (range, 65,1-99) years had osteoporotic rami fracture. Six patients had previously a rami fracture and 23 a osteoporotic fracture. 27 patients associated other pelvic fracture. Three pacientes had other extrapelvic fracture and six a craneoencephalic trauma. 41 patients had any complication at follow up. Eigth patients (13,3%) were admitted to hospital with a median length of stay in the hospital of 18 days. Eight (13,3%) patients died within 1 year of injury. Conclusions: Low-impact rami fractures affect predominantly elderly women with pre-existing comorbidities. A substantial amount of complications are described in this fractures with a high 1 year mortality. Early rehabilitation therapy with adequate analgesic therapy should be recommended.

Objetivo: Analizar los pacientes tratados por fractura osteoporótica de ramas pélvicas en nuestro hospital. Métodos: Analizamos retrospectivamente pacientes con fracturas de ramas pélvicas atendidos en el Servicio de Urgencias de nuestro hospital. Los parámetros analizados incluyen datos demográficos, diagnósticos, lesiones asociadas, comorbilidades, autonomía previa, complicaciones y mortalidad al año. Resultados: 60 pacientes (51 mujeres) con una edad media de 83,5 años (rango, 65,1-99) presentaron fractura osteoporótica de ramas pélvicas. 6 pacientes presentaban antecedentes de fractura de ramas pélvicas y 23 de fractura osteoporótica de otra localización. En 27 casos se asociaban a lesiones en otras localizaciones de la pelvis. 3 pacientes asociaban fracturas extrapélvicas y 6 traumatismos craneoencefálicos. 41 pacientes experimentaron complicaciones de algún tipo. Se requirió ingreso hospitalario en 8 casos, con una estancia media de 18 días. La mortalidad al año fue de 13,3%. Conclusiones: Las fracturas osteoporóticas de ramas pélvicas afectan predominantemente a mujeres con numerosas comorbilidades. Muchas son las complicaciones descritas en estos pacientes con una mortalidad anual elevada. Es remendable un adecuado tratamiento analgésico que permita una movilización precoz del paciente tras descartar lesiones asociadas en la pelvis.

ARE TRAUMATOLOGISTS TREATING OSTEOPOROSIS TO PREVENT NEW FRACTURES IN BRAZIL?

OBJECTIVES: To determine the proportion of traumatologists who investigate osteoporosis in elderly patients with fractures and recommend secondary prevention of osteoporotic fractures. METHODS: We distributed questionnaires to 244 physicians attending the 2015 Brazilian Congress of Orthopedic Trauma. We determined the respondents' profiles and assessed how they investigated and treated osteoporosis in elderly patients with fractures. RESULTS: Overall, 32% of the respondents reported that their knowledge level regarding osteoporosis ranged from 0-5 (out of 0-10). In total, 42% of the participants reported that they usually requested DXA for elderly patients with fractures and less than 30% reported prescribing supplemental calcium and/or vitamin D. We considered physicians conducting a complete treatment for the patient as those who in addition to requesting DXA prescribed supplemental calcium, vitamin D, and specific medications for their elderly patients, and recommended non-pharmacological measures. Only 0.8% of the participants fulfilled all these criteria. In addition, 47% of the traumatologists reported that they did not treat osteoporosis directly but instead, referred osteoporotic patients to a qualified physician. CONCLUSION: Less than 50% of the surveyed traumatologists investigated and performed secondary prevention against osteoporotic fractures after treating an elderly patient with a fracture. Level of evidence III, Economic and Decision Analyses - Developing an Economic or Decisions Model.

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a proporção de traumatologistas que investigam a osteoporose nos pacientes idosos com fraturas e recomendam a prevenção secundária das fraturas osteoporóticas. MÉTODOS: Distribuímos questionários para 244 médicos participantes do Congresso Brasileiro de Traumatología Ortopédica em 2015. Determinamos o perfil dos mesmos e avaliamos como os entrevistados investigam e tratam a osteoporose nos pacientes idosos com fraturas. RESULTADOS: Entre os entrevistados, 32% relataram que seu nível de conhecimento sobre osteoporose seria algo entre 0 e 5 (de 0 a 10). No total, 42% dos participantes relataram que frequentemente solicitam DXA para pacientes idosos com fraturas, mas menos de 30% relataram prescrever suplementação com cálcio e/ou vitamina D. Consideramos como prescritores do tratamento completo para o paciente aqueles médicos que, além de solicitar DXA, prescrevem suplementação de cálcio, vitamina D e medicamentos específicos para seus pacientes idosos, além de recomendar medidas não farmacológicas. Apenas 0,8% dos participantes preencheram todos esses critérios. Além disso, 47% dos traumatologistas relataram que não tratam a osteoporose, mas encaminham seus pacientes com osteoporose para um médico que o faz. CONCLUSÃO: Menos de 50% dos traumatologistas pesquisados investigam e realizam prevenção secundária contra fraturas osteoporóticas após tratamento de paciente idoso com fratura. Nível de evidência III, Análises econômicas e de decisão - Desenvolvimento de modelo econômico ou de decisão.

Prevalence of osteoporosis and hypovitaminosis d at siriraj metabolic bone disease clinic / Prevalência de osteoporose e hipovitaminose d na siriraj metabolic bone disease clinic

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify the prevalence of osteoporosis and hypovitaminosis D among patients at the Siriraj Metabolic Bone Disease (MBD) Clinic, and to compare initial vitamin D levels in patients with and without a history of fragility fractures. Methods: Medical records of patients who attended our MBD clinic between 2012 and 2015 were retrospectively reviewed. Patient baseline demographic, clinical, bone mineral density (BMD), and laboratory data were collected and analyzed. Osteoporosis was diagnosed when patients had a BMD T-score <-2.5 or presented with fragility fractures. Results: There were 761 patients included in this study. Of these, 627 patients (82.4%) were diagnosed with osteoporosis and 508 patients (66.8%) had fragility fractures. Baseline serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels were available in 685 patients. Of these, 391 patients (57.1%) were diagnosed with hypovitaminosis D. When evaluated only in patients with fragility fractures, the average initial 25(OH)D level was 28.2±11.6 ng/mL, and the prevalence of hypovitaminosis D was 57.6%. Conclusion: A high prevalence of osteoporosis and hypovitaminosis D was found among patients at our clinic; two-thirds of patients had a history of fragility fractures, and no difference in initial 25(OH)D levels was seen between patients with and without fragility fractures. Level of Evidence III, Retrospective Study .

RESUMO Objetivo: Identificar a prevalência de osteoporose e hipovitaminose D entre os pacientes na Siriraj Metabolic Bone Disease (MBD) Clinic e comparar o nível inicial de vitamina D em pacientes com e sem história de fratura por fragilidade óssea. Métodos: Os prontuários de pacientes atendidos em nossa clínica MBD durante o período de 2012 a 2015 foram analisados retrospectivamente. Os dados demográficos, clínicos, densidade mineral óssea (DMO) e os dados laboratoriais basais foram coletados e analisados. A osteoporose foi diagnosticada quando os pacientes tinham DMO com escore T≤ -2,5 ou fraturas por fragilidade óssea. Resultados: Foram incluídos 761 pacientes dos quais, 627 pacientes (82,4%) foram diagnosticados com osteoporose e 508 (66,8%) tinham fraturas por fragilidade. O nível sérico basal de 25-hidroxivitamina D (25(OH)D) estava disponível para 685 pacientes. Desses, 391 pacientes (57,1%) foram diagnosticados com hipovitaminose D. Quando avaliado apenas em pacientes com fratura por fragilidade óssea, o nível inicial médio de 25(OH)D foi de 28,2 ± 11,6 ng/ml e a prevalência de hipovitaminose D foi de 57,6%. Conclusão: Encontrou-se alta prevalência de osteoporose e hipovitaminose D entre os pacientes de nossa clínica, sendo que dois terços deles tinham história de fratura por fragilidade óssea e nenhuma diferença no nível basal de 25(OH)D entre pacientes com e sem fratura por fragilidade. Nível de Evidência III, Estudo Retrospectivo

The Effect of FRAX on the Prediction of Osteoporotic Fractures in Urban Middle-aged and Elderly Healthy Chinese Adults

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to analyze the applicability of a fracture risk assessment tool for the prediction of osteoporotic fractures in middle-aged and elderly healthy Chinese adults. METHODS: A standard questionnaire was administered, and bone mineral density was measured in residents visiting the Dongliu Street Community Health Service Center. Paired t-tests were used to compare the FRAX-based probabilities of fractures estimated with and without consideration of bone mineral density. Risk stratification and partial correlation analyses were applied to analyze the associations between FRAX-based probabilities and body mass index or bone mineral density at different sites. RESULTS: A total of 444 subjects were included in this study. Of these subjects, 175 (39.59%) were diagnosed as osteoporotic, and 208 (47.06%) were diagnosed as osteopenic. The Kappa value for the detection of osteoporosis at the L1-L4 lumbar spine and femoral neck was 0.314. The FRAX-based 10-year major osteoporotic fracture probability and hip osteoporotic fracture probability estimated without considering bone mineral density were 4.93% and 1.64%, respectively; when estimated while considering bone mineral density, these probabilities were 4.97% and 1.54%, respectively. A significant positive association was observed between the FRAX-based fracture probabilities estimated with and without consideration of bone mineral density, while significant negative associations between body mass index and the estimated FRAX-based fracture probabilities after adjustment for age and the estimated FRAX-based fracture probabilities and femoral neck bone mineral density were identified. These results remained the same after controlling for lumbar spine bone mineral density. CONCLUSIONS: The Chinese FRAX model could predict osteoporotic fracture risk regardless of whether bone mineral density was considered and was especially appropriate for predicting osteoporotic fractures of the femoral neck.

Agreement of Mexican FRAX with and without the value of bone mineral density in assessing the risk of fracture in daily clinical practice. / Concordancia del FRAX México con y sin el valor de la densidad mineral ósea en la evaluación del riesgo de fractura en la práctica clínica diaria.

INTRODUCTION: The use of FRAX without the inclusion of bone mineral density (FRAX-BMI) may be useful in clinical practice to identify patients at high risk of fracture and inform treatment decisions, but its usefulness is debated. The aim of the study is to evaluate the agreement between the risk of fracture calculated by FRAX with or without bone mineral density (BMD). PATIENTS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 431 women (40-90 years) without treatment. The concordance of the probability of fracture was assessed by the concordance correlation coefficient (CCC), and by Bland-Altman method. The kappa index was used to evaluate the agreement between treatment indications. RESULTS: The difference between the risks of a major osteoporosis fracture (MOFR) was 1.02±1.40% (95% CI -2 to 1.90) and -0.03±0.51% (95% CI -1.18 to 1.32) for the hip fracture risk (HFR). Agreement between MOFR and HFR FRAX scores was good (CCC 0.879, 95% CI 0.85-0.90 and CCC 0.821, 95% CI 0.79-0.85, respectively). The correlation between BMD of the femoral neck and fracture risk calculated by FRAX-BMI was a moderate, MOFR (r=-0.55, P<.001) and HFR (r=-0.54, P<.001). The agreement between the recommendations of treatment was 87% (kappa 0.61). CONCLUSIONS: The good agreement between the risk of fracture obtained suggests that FRAX-BMI allows us to provide an estimate of risk in most cases.

Risk of Vertebral Fracture in Patients Diagnosed with a Depressive Disorder: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study

OBJECTIVE: Previous studies have reported that depression may play a crucial role in the occurrence of vertebral fractures. However, a clear correlation between depressive disorders and osteoporotic fractures has not been established. We explored the association between depressive disorders and subsequent new-onset vertebral fractures. Additionally, we aimed to identify the potential risk factors for vertebral fracture in patients with a depressive disorder. METHODS: We studied patients listed in the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database who were diagnosed with a depressive disorder by a psychiatrist. The comparison cohort consisted of age- and sex-matched patients without a depressive disorder. The incidence rate and hazard ratios of subsequent vertebral fracture were evaluated. We used Cox regression analysis to evaluate the risk of vertebral fracture among patients with a depressive disorder. RESULTS: The total number of patients with and without a depressive disorder was 44,812. The incidence risk ratio (IRR) between these 2 cohorts indicated that depressive disorder patients had a higher risk of developing a subsequent vertebral fracture (IRR=1.41, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.26-1.57, p<0.001). In the multivariate analysis, the depressive disorder cohort showed a higher risk of vertebral fracture than the comparison cohort (adjusted hazard ratio=1.24, 95% CI=1.11-1.38, p<0.001). Being older than 50 years, having a lower monthly income, and having hypertension, diabetes mellitus, cerebrovascular disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, autoimmune disease, or osteoporosis were considered predictive factors for vertebral fracture in patients with depressive disorders. CONCLUSIONS: Depressive disorders may increase the risk of a subsequent new-onset vertebral fracture.

PREVALENCE OF OSTEOPOROSIS AND HYPOVITAMINOSIS D AT SIRIRAJ METABOLIC BONE DISEASE CLINIC.

OBJECTIVE: To identify the prevalence of osteoporosis and hypovitaminosis D among patients at the Siriraj Metabolic Bone Disease (MBD) Clinic, and to compare initial vitamin D levels in patients with and without a history of fragility fractures. METHODS: Medical records of patients who attended our MBD clinic between 2012 and 2015 were retrospectively reviewed. Patient baseline demographic, clinical, bone mineral density (BMD), and laboratory data were collected and analyzed. Osteoporosis was diagnosed when patients had a BMD T-score <-2.5 or presented with fragility fractures. RESULTS: There were 761 patients included in this study. Of these, 627 patients (82.4%) were diagnosed with osteoporosis and 508 patients (66.8%) had fragility fractures. Baseline serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels were available in 685 patients. Of these, 391 patients (57.1%) were diagnosed with hypovitaminosis D. When evaluated only in patients with fragility fractures, the average initial 25(OH)D level was 28.2±11.6 ng/mL, and the prevalence of hypovitaminosis D was 57.6%. CONCLUSION: A high prevalence of osteoporosis and hypovitaminosis D was found among patients at our clinic; two-thirds of patients had a history of fragility fractures, and no difference in initial 25(OH)D levels was seen between patients with and without fragility fractures. Level ofEvidence III, Retrospective Study.

OBJETIVO: Identificar a prevalência de osteoporose e hipovitaminose D entre os pacientes na Siriraj Metabolic Bone Disease (MBD) Clinic e comparar o nível inicial de vitamina D em pacientes com e sem história de fratura por fragilidade óssea. MÉTODOS: Os prontuários de pacientes atendidos em nossa clínica MBD durante o período de 2012 a 2015 foram analisados retrospectivamente. Os dados demográficos, clínicos, densidade mineral óssea (DMO) e os dados laboratoriais basais foram coletados e analisados. A osteoporose foi diagnosticada quando os pacientes tinham DMO com escore T≤ -2,5 ou fraturas por fragilidade óssea. RESULTADOS: Foram incluídos 761 pacientes dos quais, 627 pacientes (82,4%) foram diagnosticados com osteoporose e 508 (66,8%) tinham fraturas por fragilidade. O nível sérico basal de 25-hidroxivitamina D (25(OH)D) estava disponível para 685 pacientes. Desses, 391 pacientes (57,1%) foram diagnosticados com hipovitaminose D. Quando avaliado apenas em pacientes com fratura por fragilidade óssea, o nível inicial médio de 25(OH)D foi de 28,2 ± 11,6 ng/ml e a prevalência de hipovitaminose D foi de 57,6%. CONCLUSÃO: Encontrou-se alta prevalência de osteoporose e hipovitaminose D entre os pacientes de nossa clínica, sendo que dois terços deles tinham história de fratura por fragilidade óssea e nenhuma diferença no nível basal de 25(OH)D entre pacientes com e sem fratura por fragilidade. Nível de Evidência III, Estudo Retrospectivo.

Fracturas osteoporóticas de ramas pélvicas: A Benign Injury? / Fractures ostéoporotiques des branches pubiennes, est-ce qu'elles sont bénignes? / Osteoporotic Pubic Rami Fracture

Objetivo: analizar los pacientes tratados por fractura osteoporótica de ramas pélvicas en nuestro hospital. Métodos: se analizan retrospectivamente pacientes con fracturas de ramas pélvicas atendidos en el Servicio de Urgencias de nuestro hospital. Los parámetros examinados incluyen datos demográficos, diagnósticos, lesiones asociadas, comorbilidades, autonomía previa, complicaciones y mortalidad al año. Resultados: 60 pacientes (51 mujeres) con una edad media de 83,5 años (rango, 65,1-99) presentaron fractura osteoporótica de ramas pélvicas; 6 pacientes presentaban antecedentes de fractura de ramas pélvicas y 23 de fractura osteoporótica de otra localización. En 27 casos se asociaban a lesiones en otras localizaciones de la pelvis, 3 pacientes asociaban fracturas extrapélvicas y 6 traumatismos craneoencefálicos; 41 pacientes experimentaron complicaciones de algún tipo. Se requirió ingreso hospitalario en 8 casos, con una estancia media de 18 días. La mortalidad al año fue de 13,3 por ciento. Conclusiones: las fracturas osteoporóticas de ramas pélvicas afectan predominantemente a mujeres con numerosas comorbilidades. Muchas son las complicaciones descritas en estos pacientes con una mortalidad anual elevada. Es recomendable un adecuado tratamiento analgésico que permita la movilización precoz del paciente tras descartar lesiones asociadas en la pelvis(AU)

Objective: we analysed patients treated for osteoporotic rami fractures in our hospital. Methods: the records of patients were examined presenting to the emergency department with osteoporotic low-impact rami fractures. Demographic, previously ambulatory ability, diagnosis, associated injuries; comorbidity, complications, and 1-year mortality were described. Results: 60 patients (51 women) with mean age of 83,5 (range, 65,1-99) years had osteoporotic rami fracture. Six patients had previous rami fracture and 23 a osteoporotic fracture. Twenty-seven patients had other pelvic fracture associated. Three patients had other extra pelvic fracture and six had crane encephalic trauma. Forty-one patients had some kind of complication at follow up. Eight patients (13, 3 percent) were admitted to hospital with median length of stay in the hospital of 18 days. Eight (13, 3 percent) patients died within 1 year of injury. Conclusions: low-impact rami fractures affect predominantly elderly women with pre-existing comorbidities. A substantial amount of complications is described in these fractures with high annual mortality. Early rehabilitation therapy with adequate analgesic therapy is recommended(AU)

Objectif: l'objectif de cette étude est d'analyser les patients traités à cause de fractures ostéoporotiques des branches pubiennes à l'hôpital universitaire Miguel Servet, hôpital de référence du secteur 2 à Zaragoza (Espagne). Méthodes: une étude rétrospective de patients atteints de fractures des branches pubiennes, et soignés au service d'urgences de cet hôpital, a été réalisée. On a examiné des paramètres, tels que données démographiques, diagnostics, lésions associées, comorbidités, autonomie préalable, complications, et taux de mortalité par an. Résultats: soixante patients (51 femmes), dont l'âge moyen a été 83,5 ans (rang 65,1-99), souffraient de fractures ostéoporotiques des branches pubiennes ; 6 patients avaient une histoire de fractures des branches pubiennes, et 23 étaient atteints de fractures ostéoporotiques ayant une autre localisation. Dans 27 cas, les fractures étaient liées à des lésions ayant d'autres localisations du bassin, 3 patients souffraient de fractures extra-pelviennes associées, et 6 des traumatismes cranio-encéphaliques ; 41 patients ont éprouvé des complications de quelque type. Huit patients ont été hospitalisés, ayant un séjour hospitalier de 18 jours en moyenne. Le taux de mortalité par an a été 13,3 pourcent. Conclusions: les fractures ostéoporotiques pelviennes touchent souvent les femmes souffrant plusieurs comorbidités. Un grand nombre de complications se produisent chez ces patients, provoquant ainsi un haut taux de mortalité par an. Après avoir écarté la possibilité de lésions associées au niveau du bassin, il est conseillé d'appliquer un traitement analgésique permettant la mobilité précoce du patient(AU)

Determinación del riesgo de fracturaosteoporótica en población laboralespañola mediante la herramientaFRAX / Osteoporotic risk of hip fracture calculated using the FRAX toolfor the Spanish population

Introducción: las fracturas osteoporóticas constituyen una problemática de creciente trascendenciaen salud pública, por lo que la utilización de herramientas que permitan una valoraciónprecoz y adecuada del riesgo de fractura y el establecimiento de políticas preventivas deberíanser prioritarios. En este trabajo se valora el riesgo de sufrir diferentes tipos Materiales y métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivotransversal en población general trabajadora delsector socio-sanitario español con edades comprendidasentre 40 y 65 años. El riesgo de fractura de cadera ymayor osteoporótica se calculó mediante la herramientaFRAX para población española. Se incluyeron en elestudio 749 trabajadores seleccionados aleatoriamente:251 varones, 251 mujeres no menopáusicas y 247 mujeresmenopáusicas.Resultados: las edades medias fueron de 46,8 años envarones, 43,9 años en mujeres no menopáusicas y 52,3años en las menopáusicas. El riesgo medio de fracturade cadera y mayor osteoporótica fue de 2,1±1,33 y de0,22±0,36 en varones, 2,65±2,16 y 0,27±0,94 enmujeres no menopáusicas y 3,1±2,93 y 0,44±0,88en mujeres menopáusicas. Presentaron criterios positivosde tratamiento según la National Osteoporosis Foundationel 0,8 % de las mujeres no menopáusicas, un 2 %de las menopáusicas y ninguno de los hombres.Conclusiones: el riesgo de sufrir fracturas osteoporóticasen este colectivo es muy bajo, sin embargo, el uso dela herramienta FRAX puede ser muy útil para detectarel riesgo en sus estadios iniciales y establecer políticas deprevención y actuación precoz que permitan un ahorroen costes y mejorar la salud de nuestra población generalmediante captación en su etapa laboral.

Purpose: Osteoporotic fractures are a significantgrowing problem of public health, so theuse of tools that allow a proper risk assessmentand establishing preventive policies should be apriority. This paper assesses the risk of differenttypes of fractures as much in men as in menopausaland non menopausal women.Patients and methods: A descriptive crosssectionalstudy in working population from theSpanish health system aged between 40 and65. The risk of increased osteoporotic hip fractureis calculated using the FRAX tool for the Spanishpopulation. 749 randomly selected workerswere included in the study, 251 men, 251 nonmenopausal women and 247 post-menopausalwomen.Results: Mean ages were 46.8 years in men, 43.9years in non-menopausal women and 52.3 yearsin the menopausal. The average risk of hip fractureand major osteoporotic was 2.1 ± 1.33 and0.22 ± 0.36 in males, 2.65 ± 2.16 and 0.27 ±0.94 in non-menopausal women 3.1 ± 2.93 and0.44 ± 0.88 in menopausal women. No men, 0.8% of menopausal women and 2 % of menopausaltreatment had positive criteria for treatmentaccording to the National OsteoporosisFoundation.Conclusion: The risk of osteoporotic fracturesin this group is very low, however the use of theFRAX tool can be very useful to detect the riskin its early stages and establishing preventionpolicies that allow cost savings and improve thehealth of our workforce.