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1.
Cir Esp (Engl Ed) ; 101 Suppl 4: S43-S51, 2023 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37979942

ABSTRACT

Sleeve gastrectomy (SG) is the most common bariatric surgery worldwide and has shown to cause de novo or worsen symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Esophageal motility and physiology studies are mandatory in bariatric and foregut centers. The predisposing factors in post-SG patients are disruption of His angle, resection of gastric fold and gastric fundus, increased gastric pressure, resection of the gastric antrum, cutting of the sling fibers and pyloric spasm. There are symptomatic complications due to sleeve morphology as torsion, incisura angularis stenosis, kinking and dilated fundus. In this article, we present recommendations, surgical technique and patient selection flow diagram for SG and avoid de novo or worsening GERD.


Subject(s)
Bariatric Surgery , Gastroesophageal Reflux , Obesity, Morbid , Humans , Obesity, Morbid/surgery , Obesity, Morbid/complications , Gastroesophageal Reflux/diagnosis , Gastrectomy/adverse effects , Gastrectomy/methods , Stomach , Bariatric Surgery/adverse effects , Bariatric Surgery/methods
2.
Cir. pediátr ; 36(1): 5-11, Ene. 2023. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-214573

ABSTRACT

Objetivos: Recientemente se han publicado recomendaciones para el manejo del reflujo gastroesofágico en pacientes con atresia de esófago (AE). Sin embargo, el momento de realización de algunas pruebas no está completamente aclarado. Esta investigación evalúa las pruebas para reflujo gastroesofágico en niños de 1 año y niños de 2-3 años. Material y métodos: Estudio retrospectivo de pacientes con AE sometidos a impedanciometría-phmetría (IMpH) y a endoscopia-histología. Los pacientes con 1 año en el momento de la prueba formaron el grupo MEN, y los pacientes con 2-3 años, el grupo MAY. Se consideró IMpH sustancialmente alterada aquella con un número total de reflujos >105 o >85 (según la edad), o un índice de reflujo >10%. La endoscopia se consideró sustancialmente alterada si presentaba esofagitis erosiva o esófago de Barrett. La histología se consideró sustancialmente alterada si presentaba esofagitis severa-moderada o esófago de Barrett. Se compararon los parámetros convencionales y los sustancialmente alterados. Resultados: Se estudiaron 24 pacientes. Se realizaron 23 IMpH (12 en el grupo MEN y 11 en el MAY); los porcentajes de los parámetros convencionales patológicos no fueron estadísticamente diferentes en ambos grupos. Se realizaron 20 endoscopias (7 en el grupo MEN y 13 en el MAY); los porcentajes de esofagitis no fueron estadísticamente diferentes. El 26,9% de todas las pruebas en el grupo MEN resultaron sustancialmente alteradas, frente al 10,8% en el MAY (χ2 = 2,7;p = 0,1). Conclusión: Teniendo en cuenta el porcentaje de resultados alarmantes en el grupo MEN, sería recomendable realizar una IMpH y una endoscopia con biopsias a los pacientes con AE a la edad de un año.(AU)


Objective: Recent guidelines made recommendations for the management of gastroesophageal reflux in patients with esophageal atresia (EA). However, the timing for some diagnostic tests remained somehow unclear. This investigation studied the tests for gastroesophageal reflux in children aged one year old and children aged two or three. Material and methods: Patients with EA who underwent Multichannel Intraluminal Impedance-pH monitoring (MII-pH) and endoscopy-histology were studied retrospectively. Patients aged one when the test was performed were the YO group and patients aged two or three years old formed the OL group. Substantially impaired MII-pH was defined as total number of reflux episodes >105 or >85 (depending on age), or reflux index >10%. Substantially impaired endoscopy was defined as erosive esophagitis or Barrett’s esophagus. Substantially impaired histology was defined as moderate-severe esophagitis or Barrett’s esophagus. Conventional parameters and substantially impaired values of the tests were compared. Results: Twenty-four patients were studied. Twenty-three MII-pH were performed (12 in YO and 11 in OL): percentages of abnormal conventional parameters of MII-pH were not significantly different in both groups. Twenty endoscopies with biopsies were performed (7 in YO and 13 in OL): percentages of esophagitis were not significantly different. Interestingly, 26.9% of all the tests performed in YO were substantially impaired vs. 10.8% of all the tests in OL (χ2 = 2.7; p = 0.1). Conclusion: Considering the percentage of alarming results of diagnostic tests in the YO group it would be advisable that patients with EA undergo MII-pH and endoscopy-histology at one year of age.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Patients , Gastroesophageal Reflux , Esophageal Atresia , Histology , General Surgery , Endoscopy , Retrospective Studies , Pediatrics
3.
Ciênc. rural ; 40(11): 2427-2434, nov. 2010. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-569243

ABSTRACT

O refluxo gastroesofágico pode afetar várias espécies e apresenta diversas etiologias, sendo as anestesias gerais uma das principais causas de esofagite em cães, devido à redução do tônus do esfíncter esofagogástrico, ocasionada por fármacos anestésicos. São fatores responsáveis pela lesão esofágica em consequência do refluxo, o tipo do material refluído, o volume, a frequência, a duração do refluxo e a integridade da mucosa esofágica. É importante prevenir o refluxo durante a anestesia, devido ao risco de ocasionar além da esofagite pós-operatória, outras graves complicações como a formação de estenoses esofágicas ou ainda resultar em pneumonia por aspiração. Para isso, é importante estabelecer protocolos anestésicos que não modifiquem a função do esfíncter esofagogástrico, bem como determinar estratégias terapêuticas que reduzam a incidência do refluxo. Neste artigo, são revisados os aspectos anatômicos e fisiológicos da junção esofagogástrica, assim como os relacionados com o refluxo gastroesofágico em cães anestesiados.


Gastroesophageal reflux can affect various species and presents several etiologies, and general anesthesia can be considered one of the main causes of esophagitis in dogs, due to the reduction of the gastroesophageal sphincter tonus caused by anesthetic drugs. There are many factors responsible for the esophageal lesion due to reflux, including type of refluid material, reflux volume, frequency and duration, and esophageal mucosa integrity. It is important to prevent reflux during anesthesia because of the risk of causing not only post operatory esophagitis but also other serious complications such as formation of esophageal stenosis, or aspiration pneumonia . Thus, it is important to establish anesthetic protocols that do not modify the function of the gastroesophageal sphincter, as well as determine therapeutic strategies that could reduce reflux incidence. This research reviews the anatomic and physiological aspects of gastroesophageal junction as well as those aspects related with gastroesophageal reflux in anesthetized dogs.

4.
Rev. AMRIGS ; 50(2): 124-129, abr.-jun. 2006.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-689438

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Avaliar a prevalência de refluxo gastroesofágico (RGE) em uma amostra de pacientes pediátricos com asma persistente, atendidos em serviço ambulatorial de Pneumologia Pediátrica, comparar as características clínicas do RGE entre os pacientes com e sem RGE detectável por meio da pHmetria intra-esofágica prolongada. Métodos: Foi conduzido um estudo transversal observacional com pacientes de idades entre 5 e 18 anos e com diagnóstico clínico de asma persistente, de acordo com as definições estabelecidas no III Consenso Brasileiro no Manejo da Asma. O diagnóstico de RGE foi definido pelo estudo da pHmetria intra-esofágica prolongada (pHmetria), considerado positivo quando o valor do índice de refluxo apresentou percentual maior ou igual a 5%. Resultados: A amostra foi totalizada em 38 pacientes. A média da idade dos pacientes foi de 9,5 anos e 23 desses pertenciam ao sexo masculino (60%). A prevalência de pHmetrias alteradas foi de 47,3%. A ocorrência de sintomas atribuíveis ao RGE não demonstrou diferenças entre os pacientes com pHmetrias alteradas e normais. Conclusões: A prevalência de RGE nesta amostra de pacientes foi semelhante às relatadas na literatura. Os sintomas atribuíveis ao RGE não foram úteis para a diferenciação dos pacientes com pHmetrias positivas ou negativas.


Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux (GER) in a sample of patients within the age of 5 – 18 years with persistent asthma assisted in a Pediatric Pulmonary Department; to compare the clinical features of GER among patients with or without GER diagnosed by a distal esophageal pH probe study Methods: Patients with persistent asthma diagnosed by criteria of III Consenso Brasileiro no Manejo da Asma and aged 5-18 years were allocated in a cross-sectional observational study. The diagnosis of GER was defined with a reflux index of 5% or higher of acid reflux by means of a distal esophageal pH probe Results: Thirty-eight patients were evaluated, mean age was 9.5 years and 60% were male. The prevalence of positive pHmetry examinations was 47.3%. The occurrence of GER symptoms has not presented significant differences between patients with or without GER diagnosed by pHmetry. Conclusions: In this study, clinical symptoms of GER have not shown usefulness to define the presence of GER in these patients. The prevalence of GER in this sample was similar to those related in literature.


Subject(s)
Child , Asthma , Esophageal pH Monitoring , Gastroesophageal Reflux
5.
Rev. méd. Minas Gerais ; 14(1supl.3): 78-84, out.2004. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-774812

ABSTRACT

A esofagite é uma das principais complicações da doença do refluxo gastroesofágico (DRGE) em crianças e adolescentes e, quanto maior sua gravidade, maior a dificuldade de tratamento. O relaxamento transitório e inadequado do esfíncter esofágico infe- rior é o principal mecanismo etiopatogênico da DRGE e a presença de ácido é fator essencial para a ocorrência das lesões esofágicas. O surgimento dos inibidores de bomba de prótons (IBP) revolucionou o tratamento das doenças cloridopépticas e a supressão farmacológica da secreção ácida gástrica com estas drogas passou a ser a terapêutica de escolha para a esofagite de refluxo. Os achados endoscópicos de erosões e/ou ulcerações na mucosa esofágica caracterizam esofagite de refluxo complicada, cujo tratamento torna-se mais complexo, em virtude da dificulda- de de cicatrização das lesões, maior risco de complicações, pequena resposta ao uso dos antagonistas dos receptores H2 da histamina e necessidade de manutenção a longo prazo para evitar recidiva da doença. Embora o omeprazol seja usado há mais de 15 anos na população pediátrica, ainda há escassez de dados na literatura quanto ao manejo ideal da esofagite péptica complicada e quanto à dose efetiva desta droga para uso nestes pacientes. Estudos pediátricos, até o momento, mostram ampla varia- ção da dose do omeprazol e sugerem monitoração mais precisa do tratamento clínico da esofagite de refluxo infantil, principal- mente através da pHmetria esofágica de 24 horas. A cirurgia anti- refluxo apresenta altas taxas de morbidade e insucesso após o procedimento e deve ser reservada somente para os casos refra- tários ao tratamento clínico otimizado.


Esophagitis is the main complication of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERO) in children and the treatment is very difficult. Transient relaxations of lower esophageal sphincter are the princi- pal ethyopathogenic mechanism of GERO, with acid as one of the factors that takes to esophageal erosions. The blockage of gastric acid secretion by proton pump inhibitors (PPI) revolutionized the treatment of peptic esophagitis and becomes the therapy of choice. Endoscopic features of esophageal erosions and ulcerations characterize severe reflux esophagitis and the management may be more oriented because of severe grades of esophageal lesions, poor outcome, no response to H2-receptor antagonists and prolonged use of PPI. Oespite of omeprazole use for more than 15 years in pediatric population, there are few data about the ideal management for severe reflux esophagitis and about the effective omeprazole dosage in children. Pediatric studies show wide variation of the omeprazole dosage and recommend optimized medical therapy, including continuous esophageal pH monitoring. Antireflux surgery is attended by a high morbidity and failure rate and remain the treatment of choice only for refractory cases.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Adolescent , Esophagitis, Peptic/diagnosis , Esophagitis, Peptic/physiopathology , Esophagitis, Peptic/drug therapy , Omeprazole/therapeutic use , Gastroesophageal Reflux , Esophagitis, Peptic/surgery , Esophagitis, Peptic/complications , Esophagitis, Peptic/epidemiology , Omeprazole/pharmacology
6.
Rev. colomb. gastroenterol ; 19(3): 178-182, sep. 2004. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-636188

ABSTRACT

La mucosa gástrica heterotópica se puede encontrar en cualquier sitio del tracto gastrointestinal, incluyendo el esófago alto. La capacidad de esta mucosa ectópica de producir ácido ha sido sugerida en escasos reportes. Reportamos 10 casos de mucosa gástrica en el esófago superior, con secreción ácida, demostrada por el monitoreo continuo y ambulatorio del pH, y la estrecha correlación de la presencia de Helicobacter pylori en la mucosa heterotópica gástrica y la antral.


Heterotopic gastric mucosa may occur throughout the gastrointestinal tract, including the upper esophagus. The capability of this ectopic mucosa to secrete acid has been suggested in scanty reports. We report ten cases of heterotopic gastric mucosa in the upper esophagus, with secretion of acid, demonstrated by continuous ambulatory pH monitoring, and the narrow correlation of the presence of Helicobacter pylori in the gastric inlet patch and the gastric antrum.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Esophageal pH Monitoring , Gastric Mucosa , Helicobacter pylori
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