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OBJECTIVE: Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), a precursor of estrogen, partially exhibits its biological effect after conversion to estrogen. Its biological significance in perimenopausal depressive disorder or postpartum depression remains unknown. Here, we observed the effects of long-term supplementation of DHEA on depression-like behaviors in ovariectomized rats. METHODS: We established the model as one of sex hormone deficiency in female rats by bilateral ovariectomy. We observed the effects of 13.3 mg/kg DHEA or 0.27 mg/kg estradiol were given daily by gavage for 12 weeks on lipid metabolism, glucose tolerance, and depression-like behaviors in ovariectomized rats. Furthermore, the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its signaling molecule in the hippocampus was analyzed. RESULTS: The 12-week supplementation of DHEA or estradiol significantly alleviated weight gain and improved the glucose tolerance in the ovariectomized rats. Moreover, Long-term supplement of DHEA or estradiol significantly increased sucrose preference and locomotion activities, and reduced immobility duration of the ovariectomized rats in the water. Both DHEA and estradiol treatments increased the expression of BDNF, phosphorylation of ERK and CREB, and ERß, but not that of ERα in the hippocampus of the ovariectomized rats. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, chronic treatment with DHEA improved depression-like behaviors in ovariectomized rats, suggesting that it may be useful for the treatment of sex hormone deficiency such as perimenopausal depressive disorder or postpartum depression.
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Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of Shugan granule on perimenopausal depressive disorder (stagnation of liver Qi and Qi stagnation) and its effect on sex hormone and inflammatory factors. Method:One hundred and twenty patients were randomly divided into control group (60 cases) and observation group (60 cases) by random number table. Both groups got Tibolone tablets, 2.5 mg/time, 1 time/day. Patients in control group got flupentixol and melitracen tablets once every morning and noon, 1 tablet/time. In addition to the therapy of control group, patients in observation group got Shugan granule, 1 pack/time, 2 times/days. And a course of treatment was 8 weeks. Main indexes were graded by Hamilton depression scale (HAMD-17), self-rating depression scale (SDS) and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ). And secondary indexes were scored by self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), stagnation of liver Qi and Qi stagnation, improved kupperman (KI), levels of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol (E2), 5-serotonin (5-HT), brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) before and after treatment. Result:By rank sum test, the clinical efficacy on depressed and perimenopausal syndrome in observation groups was better than that in control group (Z=2.038, PZ=2.316, PPPβ, IL-6 and TNF-α were lower than those in control groups (P2, BDNF and 5-HT were higher than those in control groups (PConclusion:Shugan granule can relieve depression, inquietude and symptoms caused by perimenopausal syndrome, regulate sex hormone, 5-HT, BDNF and inflammatory reaction, with a better clinical effect than pure western medicine treatment.
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Objective: To discuss the clinical effect of Shugan Jieyu capsules combined with repetitivetranscranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on depression during perimenopause and neuroendocrine function. Method: One hundred and thirty-two patients were divided into control groupand observation groupby random number table. Patients (65 cases) in observation group got sertraline hydrochloride tablets, 50 mg/time, 2 times/days. Patients (67 cases) in control group got Shugan Jieyu capsules after breakfast and dinner, 2 grains/time, and treatment of rTMS, 20 minutes/time, 1 time/day. And one course of treatment was 5 days, there were a 2-day interval between two courses. And there were a total of 4 courses in the two groups. Both groups were continuously treated for8 weeks. Degree of depression was evaluated by Hamilton depression scale-17 (HAMD-17). Before and after treatment, scores of Hamilton anxiety scale (HAMA), quality index of sleep in Pittsburgh (PSQI), Kupperman and syndrome of kidney deficiency and stagnation of liver were graded. Levels of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), Luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol (E2), 5-serotonin (5-HT), dopamine (DA), norepinephrine (NE) and 5-hydroxyindolyl acetic acid (5-HIAA) were detected, and the safety was evaluated. Result: According to the variance analysis of repeated measurements, after treatment, score of HAMD-17 decreased (Pth day after treatment, score of HAMD-17of observation groupwas lower than that in control group (PPχ2=6.405, Pχ2=5.304, PPConclusion: Shugan Jieyu capsules combined with repetitivetranscranial magnetic stimulation can ameliorate symptoms of depression and anxiety, havea bettereffect than Sertraline hydrochloride tablets, and can regulate levels of sex hormone and monoamine neurotransmitter.
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Objective@#To establish depression model in female C57BL / 6 mice using chronic unpredictable stress + sleep deprivation + castration and observe the change of behavior and neuroendocrine of this model to provide basis for screening anti-depressant drugs.@*Methods@#To simulate the etiopathological mechanism of perimenopausal depression or depression symptoms, C57BL/6 female adult mice were exposed to chronic unpredictable stress + sleep deprivation + castration to establish perimenopausal depression model. The mice were randomly divided into perimenopausal group, model group, sham operation group, which of behavioral and neuroendocrine differences were observed.@*Results@#(1)Compared with the sham operation group((21.48±0.79)g, (0.02±0.06), (93.02±6.17)%) and the perimenopausal group((22.02±0.15)g, (0.06±0.09)score, (90.30±11.68)%), the body weight ((20.16±1.03)g), coat state score (0.39±0.04) and sucrose preference((58.11±11.97)%) in the model group had significant differences(all P<0.05). (2)Compared with the perimenopausal group and sham operation group, the horizontal movement, the vertical movement score and the percentage of central cells in the open field experiment, the percentage of immobility state and immobility state in forced swimming and tail suspension experiment of model mice were all significantly different (P<0.05). (3)Compared with the perimenopausal group and the sham-operation group, the latent period of eating, the total time of exploration and single exploration in NSFT had significant difference(P<0.05). (4)Compared with the sham operation group((46.16±7.72)pmol/ml, (320.77±23.19)ng/ml) and the perimenopausal group ((9.75±1.77)pmol/ml, (386.42±37.58)ng/ml), serum estradiol ((9.99±0.37)pmol/ml) were elevated and corticosterone ((426.31±105.01)ng/ml) were increased in the model group, which had significant differences (P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#C57BL/6 female mice show depression-like behavior after ovariectomy, 4 weeks of chronic unpredictable stress and sleep deprivation intervention.
