Abnormal platelet parameters in inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Platelet dysfunction plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Despite clinical observations indicating abnormalities in platelet parameters among IBD patients, inconsistencies persist, and these parameters lack standardization for diagnosis or clinical assessment. METHODS: A comprehensive search was conducted in the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases for relevant articles published up to December 16th, 2023. A random-effects model was employed to pool the weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) of platelet count (PLT), mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), and plateletcrit (PCT) between IBD patients and healthy controls, and subgroup analyses were performed. RESULTS: The meta-analysis included 79 articles with 8,350 IBD patients and 13,181 healthy individuals. The results revealed significantly increased PLT and PCT levels (WMD: 69.910, 95% CI: 62.177, 77.643 109/L; WMD: 0.046%, 95% CI: 0.031%, 0.061%), and decreased MPV levels (WMD: -0.912, 95% CI: -1.086, -0.739 fL) in IBD patients compared to healthy individuals. No significant difference was found in PDW between the IBD and control groups (WMD: -0.207%, 95% CI: -0.655%, 0.241%). Subgroup analysis by disease type and disease activity showed no change in the differences for PLT, PCT, and MPV in the ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease groups, as well as the active and inactive groups. Notably, the active group exhibited significantly lower PDW levels than the control group (WMD: -1.138%, 95% CI: -1.535%, -0.741%). CONCLUSIONS: Compared with healthy individuals, IBD patients display significantly higher PLT and PCT and significantly lower MPV. Monitoring the clinical manifestations of platelet abnormalities serves as a valuable means to obtain diagnostic and prognostic information. Conversely, proactive measures should be taken to prevent the consequences of platelet abnormalities in individuals with IBD. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: PROSPERO CRD42023493848.

Right ventricular function indices and platelet parameters for early prediction value of bronchopulmonary dysplasia: a retrospective study.

BACKGROUND: To examine the value of early echocardiographic indices for the right ventricular function combined with platelet(PLT) parameters for predicting bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in preterm infants. METHODS: This retrospective study included infants with gestational age (GA) below 32 weeks, who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit(NICU). The detection rate of tricuspid regurgitation jet velocity (TRVJ), ventricular septal flattening, pulmonary artery widening, right ventricular dilation, and right atrial enlargement on the 7th day of life (DOL 7) were compared between BPD and non-BPD infants. Echocardiographic indices of the right ventricular function including tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) and right ventricular index of myocardial performance (RIMP) were measured on 1 day of life (DOL 1)、on DOL 7 and on 14 day of life (DOL 14) respectively. The PLT parameters including the PLT count, mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet hematocrit (PCT) level, and platelet distribution width (PDW) were measured on the DOL 1,DOL 7, and DOL 14. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between these parameters and BPD. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to assess the predictive value of the right ventricular function indices and PLT parameters for BPD. RESULTS: A total of 220 preterm infants were included in this study, and of these, 85 infants developed BPD among them. The RIMP of the BPD group on DOL 14 was higher than that of the non-BPD group (P < 0.05). The TAPSE of the BPD group on DOL 14 was lower than that of the non-BPD group (P < 0.05). The PLT count of the BPD group on DOL 1 was lower than that of the non-BPD group (P < 0.05), and the MPV of the BPD group on DOL 1 was higher than that of the non-BPD group (P < 0.05). Using multivariate logistic regression, GA、invasive mechanical ventilation duration ≥ 7 days、 PLT、 MPV、 TAPSE and RIMP were found to be independent risk factors for BPD. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.846 (95CI: 0.794∼0.899), which improved when using right ventricular function indices combined with platelet parameters. CONCLUSION: TAPSE and RIMP combined with PLT count and MPV can help identify preterm infants at an increased risk of developing BPD.

The unique association between the level of plateletcrit and the prevalence of diabetic kidney disease: a cross-sectional study.

Objective: The activation of platelets in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) triggers inflammation and hemodynamic abnormalities, contributing to the development of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Despite this, research into the relationship between plateletcrit (PCT) levels and DKD is sparse, with inconsistent conclusions drawn regarding the connection between various platelet parameters and DKD. This highlights the necessity for comprehensive, large-scale population studies. Therefore, our objective is to explore the association between PCT levels and various platelet parameters in relation to DKD. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, hematological parameter data were collected from a cohort of 4,302 hospitalized Chinese patients. We analyzed the relationships between PCT, platelet count (PLT), mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), platelet large cell ratio (P-LCR), and DKD, along with the urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR), and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was conducted to evaluate the diagnostic potential of these parameters. Results: DKD patients exhibited significantly higher PCT levels compared to those without DKD. Multivariate regression analysis identified elevated PCT and PLT levels as potential independent risk factors for both DKD and UACR, while lower MPV levels might serve as independent protective factors for eGFR. The areas under the ROC curve for PCT in relation to DKD and UACR (≥30 mg/g) were 0.523 and 0.526, respectively. The area under the ROC curve for PLT in relation to UACR (≥30 mg/g) was 0.523. Conclusion: PCT demonstrates a weak diagnostic value for T2DM patients at risk of developing DKD and experiencing proteinuria, and PLT shows a similarly modest diagnostic utility for detecting proteinuria. These insights contribute to a deeper understanding of the complex dynamics involved in DKD. Additionally, incorporating these markers into routine clinical assessments could enhance risk stratification, facilitating early interventions and personalized management strategies.

Platelet indices as potential biomarkers of perinatal outcomes in women with SLE during pregnancy.

AIM: This study aimed to assess the platelet parameters and their prognostic value for perinatal outcomes in pregnant women with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). METHODS: This retrospective study involved 180 participants, 90 pregnant women with SLE and 90 healthy pregnant women. Clinical and demographic variables including routine first-trimester neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and platelet parameters such as platelet distribution width (PDW), mean platelet volume (MPV), plateletcrit (PCT) were compared between the groups. The perinatal outcomes of the whole study group were also compared. RESULTS: SLE patients had lower leukocyte (p = 0.001), lymphocyte (p = 0.001) and platelet counts (p = 0.018), higher PDW (p = 0.002), MPV (p = 0.001), NLR (p = 0.008) and PLR (p = 0.015) and lower PCT (p = 0.015) than the control group. The groups had no significant difference in hemoglobin levels (p = 0.936). SLE patients had higher rates of cesarean section (p = 0.002), small for gestational age (SGA) (p = 0.019) and stillbirth (p = 0.017) and lower birth weight (p = 0.001) than the control group. PCT was a significant predictor of stillbirth with a cut-off value of 0.21, sensitivity of 64.3% and specificity of 83.3% (AUC: 0.843, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Pregnant women with SLE have altered platelet parameters and increased inflammatory markers compared to healthy pregnant women. PCT is a simple and useful marker for predicting stillbirth risk in SLE pregnancies.

Dynamics of platelet parameters in children with severe community-acquired pneumonia between viral and bacterial infections.

Background: Changes in platelet parameters may vary according to the different pathogens. However, little is known about the differences in platelet parameters in children with severe community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) children of viral and bacterial infections. Methods: This was a single-center retrospective study that included 156 children with severe CAP. Dynamic changes in platelet parameters, including platelet count (PLT), mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW) and plateletcrit (PCT), were recorded at 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, and day 7 of admission, as well as at discharge. Results: At 72 h of admission, PLT in the viral infection group was significantly lower than that in the bacterial infection and bacterial and viral coinfections group. Meanwhile, the curve of changes in PLT (ΔPLT) in the viral infection group was clearly separated from the other two groups at this time point. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis showed that PLT at 72 h of admission could assist in distinguishing bacterial and viral infections in severe pneumonia children with the area under curve (AUC) value of 0.683 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.561-0.805, P=0.007]. However, its sensitivity and specificity were not high, at 68% and 65%, respectively. Conclusions: Although the diagnostic value of platelet parameters in bacterial and viral infection in children with severe CAP is limited, they are still expected to be combined with other indicators to provide a reference for timely treatment.

Platelet distribution width as an useful indicator of influenza severity in children.

PURPOSE: The present study aims to investigate the potential of platelet distribution width as an useful parameter to assess the severity of influenza in children. METHODS: Baseline characteristics and laboratory results were collected and analyzed. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to joint detection of inflammatory markers for influenza positive children, and the scatter-dot plots were used to compare the differences between severe and non-severe group. RESULTS: Influenza B positive children had more bronchitis and pneumonia (P < 0.05), influenza A infected children had more other serious symptoms (P = 0.007). Neutrophil count, lymphocyte count, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and platelet parameters performed differently among < 4 years and ≥ 4 years children with influenza. Combined detection of platelet parameters and other indicators could better separate healthy children from influenza infected children than single indicator detection. The levels of platelet distribution width of children with severe influenza (A and B) infection was significantly dropped, compared with non-severe group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Platelet distribution width could be a very useful and economic indicator in distinction and severity assessment for children with influenza.

Electroconvulsive therapy improves hematological inflammatory markers in bipolar disorder.

BACKGROUND: Immune dysfunction and inflammation participate in the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder (BD). Abnormal levels of inflammatory markers, namely, red cell distribution width (RDW) and platelet distribution width (PDW), were detected in BD. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) for various mental disorders including BD was linked to changes in these inflammatory mediators. Hence, we aimed to assess the impact of ECT on PDW and RDW in patients with BD. METHODS: Seventy-two patients aged ≥ 16 were enrolled in the current prospective cohort study over 6 months, diagnosed as BD based on DSM-IV and indicated for ECT and complete blood count (CBC) drawn pre-ECT and after four ECT sessions. RESULTS: By the end of the ECT sessions, we noticed a significant elevation in PDW with lowering in RDW levels. However, no significant differences were detected before and after ECT regarding platelet (PLTs) count, mean platelet volume (MPV), and Plateletcrit (PCT). CONCLUSION: ECT seems to improve the CBC-derived inflammatory markers (RDW and PDW) subsequently, improving the underlying inflammatory process in BD without disturbing PLT homeostasis which support its anti-inflammatory role in BD.

Effect of Platelet Parameters on Linezolid-Related Thrombocytopenia in Hospitalized Patients.

Background: Linezolid-induced thrombocytopenia incidence varies considerably. Linezolid-related thrombocytopenia in patients has received few studies which have investigated risk factors including platelet parameters except for platelet counts. The study aims to analyze the effect of platelet parameters, including mean platelet volume and platelet large cell ratio, on linezolid-related thrombocytopenia in patients. Methods: The effect of platelet parameters on linezolid-related thrombocytopenia was identified by univariate and multivariate logistic regressions. A Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was carried out to compare the survival of patients who developed linezolid-related thrombocytopenia with patients who did not. Results: Thrombocytopenia occurred at a rate of 41.5% (66/159) after linezolid therapy in hospitalized patients. Platelet parameters, including the difference in mean platelet volume (MPV/fL=0.08 (-1.2-0.9)vs-0.5 (-1.5-0.3), (OR, 0.459; P = 0.001), the difference in platelet large cell ratio (PLCR/fL=0.9 (-5.1-6.2)vs-3.8 (-8.6-2.4), (OR, 1.156; P = 0.001), baseline platelet counts (OR, 0.995; P = 0.006) and duration of linezolid therapy≥10d (OR, 1.346; P = 0.007), were significantly associated with linezolid-related thrombocytopenia in hospitalized patients. In addition, other risk factors which also are associated with linezolid-related thrombocytopenia include baseline red blood cells, co-medication with parecoxib and co-medication with caspofungin. Accumulated in-hospital mortality of patients with thrombocytopenia was significantly higher than that of patients without thrombocytopenia during linezolid treatment (19.7% vs 8.6%, P = 0.003). Conclusion: The difference in mean platelet volume, the difference in large platelet ratio, baseline platelet counts and duration of linezolid therapy≥10d significantly affected the development of linezolid-related thrombocytopenia in hospitalized patients.

Evaluation of platelet parameters, coagulation markers, antiphospholipid syndrome, and thyroid function in palestinian women with recurrent pregnancy loss.

BACKGROUND: Multiple etiologies contribute to recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) including immunological, endocrine, anatomical, genetic and infection but more than 50% of cases remain unexplained. Evidences of thrombotic and inflammatory processes were observed at maternal-fetal interface and considered pathological findings in most RPL cases including unexplained cases. This study aimed to evaluate the association between RPL and several risk factors: platelet parameters, coagulation factors, antiphospholipid syndrome, and thyroid function. METHODS: This is an unmatched case-control study that included 100 RPL and 100 control women. Anthropometric and health data were collected and a gynecologist examined participants to assure fitting the inclusion criteria. Platelet parameters [including Mean Platelet Mass (MPM), Concentration (MPC) and Volume (MPV)] and ratios (MPV/Platelet, MPC/Platelet, MPM/Platelet, Platelet/Mononuclear cells), coagulation markers [Protein C (PC), Protein S (PS), Antithrombin III, D-dimer], antiphospholipid antibodies [Anti-phospholipid (APA), Anti-cardiolipin (ACA) and anti-B2-glycoprotein 1], Lupus anticoagulant, Antinuclear antibodies, and thyroid function (Thyroid stimulating hormone and anti-thyroid peroxidase) were measured. RESULTS: Mean ages of cases and controls at marriage were 22.5 years for both, and their current ages were 29.4 and 33.0, respectively. 92% of cases and 99% of controls aged blow 30 years at marriage. 75% of cases have 3-4 miscarriages and 9% have ≥ 7 miscarriages. Our results indicated significantly lower male/female age ratio (p = .019), PC (p = .036) and PS (p = .025) in cases compared to controls. Plasma D-dimer (p = .020) and antiphospholipid antibodies [ACA (IgM and IgG), APA (IgM)] were significantly higher in cases compared to controls. No significant differences were observed between cases and controls concerning APA (IgG), anti-B2-glycoprotein 1 (IgM and IgG), Lupus anticoagulant, Antinuclear antibodies, platelet parameters, thyroid markers, family history of miscarriage, consanguineous marriage, and other health data. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study that investigated the association between platelet, coagulation, antiphospholipid, autoimmune and thyroid parameters, and RPL in Palestinian women. Significant associations between male/female age ratio, PC, PS, D-dimer, ACA (IgM, IgG), APA (IgM) and RPL were observed. These markers could be used in evaluating RPL. These findings confirm the heterogeneous nature of RPL and emphasize the need for further studies to find out risk factors for RPL.

Clinical Value of Platelet Indices in Premature Coronary Artery Disease.

Platelets play an important role in the pathophysiology of coronary artery disease. However, the clinical value of platelet indices in premature coronary heart disease remains largely unknown.Consecutive patients referred for coronary angiography were evaluated (n = 1675). Patients were stratified into premature coronary heart disease (n = 679, age < 55 for male and age < 65 for female), late-onset coronary heart disease (n = 772, age ≥ 55 for male and age ≥ 65 for female), and control (n = 224, age < 55 for male and age < 65 for female). Their clinical and laboratory parameters were collected. The relationship between platelet indices and premature coronary artery disease was analyzed.In univariate analysis, platelet indices showed no significant association with the presence of premature coronary heart disease (P > 0.05). After adjustment for traditional risk factors, mean platelet volume (0.823 [0.683-0.993], P = 0.042) and platelet-large cell ratio (0.976 [0.954-0.999], P = 0.040) were negatively correlated with the presence of premature coronary heart disease. The platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio was statistically significant among different numbers of coronary lesions (P = 0.035). In subgroup analysis, platelet-large cell ratio (1.190 [1.010-1.403], P = 0.038) was an independent risk factor of coronary restenosis after percutaneous coronary intervention.Platelet indices were associated with the prevalence, severity, and coronary restenosis after percutaneous coronary intervention suggesting their possible clinical application in premature coronary heart disease.

Evaluation of Platelet Parameters in Patients With Secondary Failure of Platelet Recovery and Cytomegalovirus Infection After Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical significance of changes in platelet parameters in patients with secondary failure of platelet recovery (SFPR) and cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). METHODS: In this retrospective study, 79 patients who had undergone allogeneic HSCT (allo-HSCT), including 40 patients with SFPR and 39 patients without SFPR, were recruited. The evaluated parameters were platelet count (PLT), plateletcrit (PCT), platelet-large cell ratio (P-LCR), mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), the incidence of CMV infection after allo-HSCT, and the correlation of SFPR and CMV infection in patients who had undergone allo-HSCT. The control group included 107 healthy donors. RESULTS: The SFPR group had significantly lower megakaryocyte counts, PLT, and PCT and significantly higher P-LCR, MPV, and PDW than the healthy donor and non-SFPR groups. The incidence of CMV infection was higher in SFPR patients than in non-SFPR patients. Among the patients with SFPR, P-LCR, MPV, and PDW were lower in those with CMV DNA >8000 copies/mL than in those with CMV DNA <8000 copies/mL (P < .05 for all); the CMV viral load was slightly negatively correlated with MPV (P = .0297) and P-LCR (P = .0280). CONCLUSION: We demonstrate for the first time that the level of platelet activation in SFPR patients, which was closely related to CMV infection, was higher than that in that in non-SFPR patients, and higher CMV load was associated with the inhibition of platelet activation.

Platelet Parameters and Their Correlation with Parasitemia Levels Among Malaria Infected Adult Patients at Jinella Health Center, Harar, Eastern Ethiopia: Comparative Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Malaria is a major public health problem with the highest morbidity and mortality in developing countries. Hematological changes play a great role in malaria pathogenesis through platelets and platelet parameters. However, the changes in platelet parameters are not clearly described in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to compare platelet parameters and their correlation with parasitemia among malaria-infected adult patients and healthy adults. Methods: An institutional-based comparative cross-sectional study was conducted involving 186 (93 malaria-infected patients and 93 healthy adults) study participants using a convenient sampling technique at Jinella health center, Harar, Eastern Ethiopia, from July 10-August 10, 2022. Five milliliters of venous blood were collected from each study participant, and platelet parameters were analyzed using a Unicel (DxH 800) automated hematologic analyzer. A drop of blood was taken from malaria-suspected patients for blood film preparation. Results between two groups were compared using the Mann-Whitney U-test. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient was used to evaluate the relationships between two continuous variables. A P-value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Platelet, plateletcrit, and mean platelet volume of malaria-infected patients were significantly lower as compared with healthy adults (103 x103cells/µL vs 268 x103cells/µL, 0.13 fl vs 0.23 fl, and 9.6 fl vs 15.3 fl), respectively). Conversely, platelet distribution width and platelet large cell ratio were higher in malaria-infected patients than healthy adults (19.2% vs 15.3% and 0.35% vs 0.29%), respectively). Parasitemia levels had a moderately inverse correlation with platelet count (r= -0.419) and a weakly positive correlation with mean platelet volume (r=0.278). Conclusion: The platelet, plateletcrit, and mean platelet volume of malaria-infected patients were significantly lower as compared with healthy adults. Malaria parasitemia had a moderate inverse correlation with platelet count and a weak positive correlation with mean platelet volume. Thrombocytopenia and alteration of platelet parameters should be considered in malaria patients.

Liver protection and hemostatic effects of medicinal plant Arnebia euchroma (Royle) I.M.Johnst extract in a rat model.

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Arnebia euchroma (Royle) I.M.Johnst. (AE) is a Chinese medicinal herb that is traditionally used to treat various circulatory diseases. It exhibits certain effects, such as the promotion of blood circulation and cooling, rash clearance, and detoxification. AIM OF THE STUDY: This study was designed to explore the hepatoprotective and hemostatic effects of the ethyl acetate extract of AE in rats with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver injury. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Wistar rats were treated via oral gavage with different doses of the ethyl acetate extract of AE (3.5, 7, or 14 g kg-1·day-1) for 14 consecutive days, following which hemostatic and liver function tests were conducted. For the hemostatic tests, the platelet count, blood platelet aggregation, blood platelet adhesion to fibrinogen, platelet factor 4 (PF-4) secretion from blood platelets, prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), thrombin time (TT), and fibrinogen levels were measured at the end of the treatment period. For the liver function tests, 0.25 mL/200 g (1.25 mL kg-1·day-1) of olive oil was injected into the abdominal cavity of the control rats, whereas 15% CCl4 plus olive oil (prescription: 7.5 mL CCl4 + 42.5 olive oil) was injected into that of the treated rats at 1 h after extract administration on day 6, 13, and 20. Additionally, food and water were withheld from all the animals. On the following day, the rats were anesthetized and their albumin, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), reactive oxygen species (ROS), methane dicarboxylic aldehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione (GSH) levels were measured. Glutathione S-transferase (GST), glutathione reductase (GR), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) levels among the groups were determined using a one-way analysis of variance. RESULTS: The platelet count and blood platelet aggregation, blood platelet adhesion to fibrinogen and PF-4 secretion levels were significantly increased in the (3.5 g kg-1 day-1) AE group as compared to those in the control group (all p < 0.001; for the 7 and 14 g kg-1 day-1 AE groups, all p > 0.05, respectively). Although the PT and aPTT were not affected by the AE extract (all p > 0.05), the TT was reduced and the FIB levels were significantly increased in all AE groups (p < 0.05). Liver function tests showed that CCl4 caused significant liver damage, thereby decreasing the albumin, SOD, CAT, GSH, GST, GR, and GPx levels, while increasing the AST, ALT, ALP, SGOT, SGPT, GGT, LDH, ROS, and MDA levels (all p < 0.001). By contrast, treatment with the different doses of AE extract reversed the CCl4 effects on all these parameters. Compared with the levels in the CCl4 group, the GSH and GR levels in the three AE groups (3.5, 7, and 14 g kg-1·day-1) were significantly higher (p < 0.05, p < 0.01, and p < 0.001, respectively), whereas the differences in the other parameters for these three groups were all at the significance levels of p < 0.05, p < 0.05, and p < 0.01, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: AE extracts administered orally exhibited hepatoprotective activity by affecting platelet production and blood coagulation and ameliorating liver function-damaging modifications. Specifically, a dosage of 3.5 g kg-1·day-1 resulted in the most optimal effects.

Influence of blood donors' coagulation status in apheresis platelet aggregation in vitro / 中国输血杂志

【Objective】 To investigate whether the blood donors' coagulation status may lead to apheresis platelet aggregation in vitro. 【Methods】 Thirty blood donors with aggregation in apheresis platelets collected by AMICUS blood cell separator no less than 3 times previously and occurred when the last time of apheresis donation were observed in aggregated group (referred to as the experimental group); Thirty donors without aggregation in apheresis platelets collected by AMICUS blood cell separator no less than 3 times were observed in the control group simultaneously. The basic platelet parameters in the two groups, including Plt, MPV, PDW, Pet, P-LCR were detected by automatic blood cell analyzer (BC-3000Plus), and thromboelastogram indexes including reaction time(R), kinetics time(K), kinetics of clot development(α), maximum amplitude (MA) and coagulation index(CI) were tested by Thrombosis elastography (TEG) before collection. With SPSS24.0 software, t test was used to compare the differences between the two groups. 【Results】 The CI value in experimental group was significantly different from that of the control group (0.48± 1.00 vs -0.99 ±1.96, P0.05 ) . 【Conclusion】 The coagulation status of blood donors may be an independent risk factor for the in vitro aggregation of apheresis platelets.

Platelet-Acute Leukemia Interactions.

Acute leukemia (AL) is a hematological malignancy with high morbidity and mortality that is caused by abnormal hematopoietic stem cells. AL can change the parameters, quality, and function of platelets through numerous mechanisms, resulting in bleeding and even death in AL patients. Hence, AL patients are often clinically treated using normal platelet transfusion. However, studies have found that platelets can also affect AL cells. This review discusses the changes occurring in platelet count, mean platelet volume, platelet distribution width, reticulated platelets, platelet membrane glycoprotein, platelet aggregation, and activation in AL patients, the causes of these changes, and the possible significance of these changes for patient prognosis. The effects of platelets on the proliferation and drug resistance of AL cells are also discussed.

The underlying mechanism of PM2.5-induced ischemic stroke.

Under the background of global industrialization, PM2.5 has become the fourth-leading risk factor for ischemic stroke worldwide, according to the 2019 GBD estimates. This highlights the hazards of PM2.5 for ischemic stroke, but unfortunately, PM2.5 has not received the attention that matches its harmfulness. This article is the first to systematically describe the molecular biological mechanism of PM2.5-induced ischemic stroke, and also propose potential therapeutic and intervention strategies. We highlight the effect of PM2.5 on traditional cerebrovascular risk factors (hypertension, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, atrial fibrillation), which were easily overlooked in previous studies. Additionally, the effects of PM2.5 on platelet parameters, megakaryocytes activation, platelet methylation, and PM2.5-induced oxidative stress, local RAS activation, and miRNA alterations in endothelial cells have also been described. Finally, PM2.5-induced ischemic brain pathological injury and microglia-dominated neuroinflammation are discussed. Our ultimate goal is to raise the public awareness of the harm of PM2.5 to ischemic stroke, and to provide a certain level of health guidance for stroke-susceptible populations, as well as point out some interesting ideas and directions for future clinical and basic research.

Correlation of platelet-derived growth factor and thromboxane A2 expression with platelet parameters and coagulation indices in chronic altitude sickness patients.

NEW FINDINGS: What is the central question of this study? Is the expression of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and thromboxane A2 (TXA2) elevated in chronic altitude patients, and are they related to thrombosis in chronic mountain sickness? What is the main finding and its importance? The expression of PDGF and TXA2 in both the bone marrow and the peripheral blood of patients with chronic mountain sickness is elevated, and they are considered to be correlated in the mechanism of thrombosis in the chronic mountain sickness. ABSTRACT: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the expression of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and thromboxane A2 (TXA2) along with platelet parameters and coagulation indices in chronic mountain sickness (CMS) patients and healthy individuals on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The levels of PDGF and TXA2 were examined in 22 CMS patients (age, 52.77 ± 9.92 years, haemoglobin, 219 ± 13 g/l) and 25 healthy individuals (age, 47.80 ± 9.78 years, haemoglobin, 146 ± 18 g/l), and the association between platelet parameters and coagulation indices was investigated. Mean platelet volume and fibrinogen degradation product were higher in the CMS compared to the control group (10.58 ± 0.83 vs. 8.92 ± 1.61, 7.50 ± 2.15 vs. 4.40 ± 2.51), platelet count and plateletcrit were lower in the CMS compared to the control group (0.13 (0.80, 0.16) vs. 0.23 (0.18, 0.24), 109 ± 46 vs. 204 ± 86). The levels of PDGF and TXA2 in the bone marrow and peripheral blood of CMS patients were higher (P < 0.01) in comparison to the control group. The two factors had no statistically significant relationship with platelet parameters or coagulation indices (P > 0.159). According to the current findings, platelets in CMS patients were activated, resulting in aberrant coagulation and PDGF and TXA2 expression, which could be due to physiological adjustments to the plateau's high altitude. To summarize, PDGF and TXA2 levels in CMS patients were not correlated with coagulation or platelet parameters, implying that the mechanism behind their increased expression warrants additional investigation.

Platelet is the early predictor of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in very premature infants: an observational cohort study.

BACKGROUND: A previous study showed that the lungs are involved in the biogenesis of platelets (PLTs). Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the association between bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), a chronic lung disease, and PLT parameters in very premature infants. METHODS: The study subjects were premature infants with a gestational age of ≤ 30 weeks and birth weight of ≤ 1500 g in a preterm birth cohort study recruited between January 1, 2015, and August 31, 2019. BPD was defined as the need for oxygen supplementation more than 28 days after birth. The PLT count, mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), and plateletcrit (PCT) level were compared between BPD and non-BPD infants. A generalized estimating equation model was used to adjust for confounding factors. A forward stepwise logistic regression model was used to calculate the adjusted odds ratio (OR) for thrombocytopenia in the BPD group. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to assess the predictive value of PLT count combined with gestational age (GA) and birth weight (BW) for BPD. RESULTS: The final study subjects were 134 very premature infants, namely, 64 infants with BPD and 70 infants without BPD. The BPD infants had lower PLT counts (F = 4.44, P = 0.03) and PCT levels (F = 12.54, P = 0.00) than the non-BPD infants. However, the MPV (F = 14.25, P = 0.00) and PDW (F = 15.04, P = 0.00) were higher in the BPD group. After adjusting for potential confounding factors, the BPD infants had a higher risk of thrombocytopenia than the non-BPD infants (adjusted aOR 2.88, 95% CI 1.01-8.15), and the risk of BPD was increased in very premature infants with a PLT count ≤ 177*109/L (OR 4.74, 95% CI 1.93-11.62) at the end of the second week. In the multivariate predictive model, it was showed that the AUC area (0.85), sensitivity (0.88), specificity (0.70) and Youden index (0.58) are improved using PLT counts ≤ 177*109/L combined with GA and BW. CONCLUSIONS: Abnormal PLT parameters were observed in BPD infants, and a PLT count ≤ 177*109/L was a potential risk factor for the development of BPD in very premature infants.

Platelet Parameters, C-Reactive Protein, and Depression: An Association Study.

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to investigate the correlation of platelet parameters and C-reactive protein (CRP) with depression. METHODS: The clinical data of 61 patients with depression and 30 healthy control subjects were collected to compare the platelet parameters, CRP levels, and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) scores of the two groups for correlation analysis. RESULTS: The results revealed that the body mass index (BMI) of patients with depression was lower (P < 0.05) than that of the healthy control subjects, and that this difference was more significant in women than in men. Patients with severe depression showed an increased mean platelet volume (MPV) (P < 0.05). In the patients with depression, MPV was positively correlated (P < 0.05) with HAMD scores for work and interest, gastrointestinal symptoms, hopelessness, the anxiety/somatization factor, and the hopelessness factor. Platelet count (PLT) was negatively correlated (P < 0.05) with HAMD scores for hypochondriasis, and plateletcrit (PCT) was negatively correlated (P < 0.05) with HAMD scores for middle insomnia and hypochondriasis. Platelet distribution width (PDW) was positively correlated (P < 0.05) with HAMD scores for gastrointestinal and systemic symptoms as well as hopelessness. Higher CRP levels (P < 0.05) were found in the patients with depression than in the healthy control subjects. Furthermore, in the patients with depression, CRP levels were positively correlated (P < 0.05) with HAMD scores for guilt and the cognitive impairment factor. CONCLUSION: Classical platelet parameters (PLT, MPV, PCT, PDW) and CRP were shown to be associated with specific depressive symptoms and cognitive impairment factors, including sleep, gastrointestinal symptoms, hypochondriasis, losing interest in work, and despair. These results suggest that both platelet parameters and CRP could be suitable biomarkers for predicting the occurrence and prognosis of depression, thus providing a new target for its treatment.

The value of first-trimester platelet parameters in predicting gestational diabetes mellitus.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the potential clinical value of platelet parameters in early pregnancy in predicting gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). METHODS: A total of 1188 singleton pregnant women were included in the regular antenatal examination and delivered in the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University from January 2016 to December 2018, who had no pre-pregnancy diabetes, no factors leading to elevated blood glucose level, no medical complications and no other obstetrical complications. Blood routine examination was performed at the 11-13+6 gestational weeks. All pregnant women underwent 75 g OGTT directly at the 24-28th gestational weeks. And they were divided into GDM group (n = 192) and non-GDM group (n = 996). Binomial Logistic regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were used to evaluate the ability of first-trimester platelet parameters to predict GDM, that is the sensitivity and specificity of platelet parameters at the optimal critical value. RESULTS: There were significant differences in platelet count (PLT), platelet distribution width (PDW), mean platelet volume (MPV), and plateletcrit (PCT) between the GDM group and the normal group (p＜.05). After adjusting for the related factors such as maternal age, parity and pregestational body mass index (BMI), the MPV and PCT were correlated with the incidence of GDM (p＜.05). The area under the curve (AUC) of MPV was 0.577; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.533-0.621 and that of PCT was 0.628. 95%CI 0.582-0.674. PLT and PDW were not correlated with GDM. CONCLUSION: MPV and PCT in early pregnancy are potential indicators in predicting gestational diabetes mellitus.