Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 3 de 3
Filter
Add more filters











Publication year range
1.
Environ Technol ; 43(17): 2590-2603, 2022 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33577403

ABSTRACT

This study investigated for the first time the efficiency of an advanced oxidation process (AOP) zero valent iron/hydrogen peroxide (ZVI/H2O2) employing iron nails for the removal of Natural Organic Matter (NOM) from natural water of Regent's Park lake, London, UK. The low cost of nails and their easy separation from the water after the treatment make this AOP attractive for water utilities in low- and middle-income countries. The process was investigated as a pre-oxidation step for drinking water treatment. Results showed that UV254 removal in the natural water was lower than that of simulated water containing commercial humic acid (HA), indicating a matrix effect. Statistical analysis confirmed the maximum removal of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in natural water depends on the initial pH (best at 4.5) and H2O2 dosage (best at 100% excess of stoichiometric dosage). DOC and UV254 removals under this operational condition were 51% and 89%, respectively. Molecular weight (MW) and specific UV absorbance (SUVA254) were significantly reduced to 74% and 78%, respectively. Formation of Chloroform THM in natural water sample after the ZVI/H2O2 process (initial pH 4.5) was below the limit for drinking water, and 48% less than the THM formation in the same water not subjected to pre-oxidation. Characterization of oxidation products on the iron-nail-ZVI surface after the ZVI/H2O2 treatment by SEM, XRD, and XPS identified the formation of magnetite and lepidocrocite. Results suggest that the investigated ZVI/H2O2 process is a promising technology for removing NOM and reducing THM formation during drinking water treatment.


Subject(s)
Drinking Water , Water Pollutants, Chemical , Water Purification , Drinking Water/analysis , Hydrogen Peroxide/chemistry , Iron/chemistry , Nails/chemistry , Oxidation-Reduction , Water Pollutants, Chemical/chemistry , Water Purification/methods
2.
Ribeirão Preto; s.n; 2022. 110 p. ilus, tab.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF - Nursing | ID: biblio-1524717

ABSTRACT

A busca por fontes alternativas de recursos hídricos é indispensável tornando a captação de água superficial uma opção viável para complementar o abastecimento público, porém, suas características exigem tratamento adequado para o consumo. O contato do cloro com a matéria orgânica (MO) presente em águas pode resultar na formação de diversas substâncias carcinogênicas, como os trialometanos (THM). A ausência de estudos sobre a característica predominante da matéria orgânica precursora no rio Pardo deixa uma preocupação quanto à tecnologia a ser empregada no tratamento da água, que deverá ser de ciclo completo com uma etapa complementar de pré-oxidação com cloro seguida de adsorção em carvão ativado pulverizado para garantir a remoção de microcontaminantes. O estudo foi conduzido no rio Pardo, inserido na Unidade de Gerenciamento de Recursos Hídricos (UGRHI-4), Ribeirão Preto, estado de São Paulo. A quantificação dos SOH foi realizada no cromatógrafo a gás modelo CG 2010 Marca Shimadzu com detector de captura de elétrons e a aquisição de dados foi obtida por um microcomputador com software para cromatografia CG Real Times Analysis. De modo geral, os parâmetros analisados para o rio Pardo demonstraram que o manancial se encontra dentro dos parâmetros da CONAMA n° 357 (2005) e CONAMA n° 430 (2011) considerados ideais para um rio de classe 2. Os parâmetros analisados neste trabalho podem contribuir com conhecimento para dar subsídio para seleção da tecnologia de tratamento de água do rio Pardo, sendo ela de ciclo completo devido a sua alternância na turbidez ao longo do ano. Dentre os SOH investigados pelo trabalho, foram encontrados apenas cinco (5), sendo esses o Clorofórmio, Dicloroacetonitrila, Bromodiclorometano, Cloro Hidrato e Tricloropropanona. O Clorofórmio e Cloro Hidrato tiveram suas maiores concentrações de 76 µg·L-1 e 68 µg·L-1, respectivamente. De forma geral, os compostos quantificados se encontram abaixo dos preconizado pela Portaria GM/MS nº 888 de 2021. Ao comparar os diferentes pH é possível observar uma tendência de aumento na formação de Trialometanos conforme o aumento no valor de pH. Entretanto, devido a faixa de pH empregada ter sido restrita entre 6,0 e 9,0 a análise estatística não nos permite afirmar que há uma associação direta entre o pH e a formação de SOH


The search for alternative sources of water resources is indispensable, making the capture of surface water a viable option to complement the public supply, however, its characteristics require adequate treatment for consumption. The contact of chlorine with organic matter (OM) present in water can result in the formation of several carcinogenic substances, such as trihalomethanes (THM). The absence of studies on the predominant characteristic of the precursor organic matter in the Pardo River leaves a concern about the technology to be used in the water treatment, which should be a complete cycle with a complementary step of pre-oxidation with chlorine followed by adsorption on charcoal activated powder to ensure the removal of microcontaminants. The study was conducted on the Pardo River, located at the Water Resources Management Unit (UGRHI-4), Ribeirão Preto, state of São Paulo. The quantification of SOH was performed in a gas chromatograph model CG 2010 Shimadzu brand with electron capture detector and the data acquisition was obtained by a microcomputer with software for chromatography CG Real Times Analysis. In general, the parameters analyzed for the Pardo River showed that the source is within the parameters of CONAMA No. 357 (2005) and CONAMA No. 430 (2011) considered ideal for a class 2 river. The parameters analyzed in this work can contribute with knowledge to subsidize the selection of water treatment technology for the Pardo River, which is a complete cycle due to its alternation in turbidity throughout the year. Among the SOH investigated by the work, only five (5) were found, these being Chloroform, Dichloroacetonitrile, Bromodichloromethane, Chlorohydrate and Trichloropropanone. Chloroform and Chlorine Hydrate had their highest concentrations of 76 µg·L-1 and 68 µg·L-1, respectively. In general, the quantified compounds are below those recommended by Ordinance GM/MS nº 888 of 2021. When comparing the different pHs, it is possible to observe a tendency towards an increase in the formation of Trihalomethanes as the pH value increases. However, because the pH range used was restricted to between 6.0 and 9.0, the statistical analysis does not allow us to state that there is a direct association between pH and the formation of SOH


Subject(s)
Water Resources , Trihalomethanes , Chlorine , Water Purification
3.
Eng. sanit. ambient ; Eng. sanit. ambient;26(6): 989-1001, nov.-dez. 2021. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1350719

ABSTRACT

Resumo Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar as remoções de carbono orgânico dissolvido presente em águas filtradas de estação de tratamento de água com tratamento complementar por pré-oxidação com ozônio e adsorção em carvão ativado granular. Para o estudo de adsorção foi utilizado o método de ensaio rápido em coluna de escala reduzida, com carvão ativado produzido de cascas de coco. Realizou-se a comparação entre as curvas de ruptura para os ensaios com e sem aplicação de ozônio. Os resultados mostraram reduções nas concentrações de carbono orgânico dissolvido no início dos ensaios e após a passagem da água com e sem pré-ozonização pelas colunas ensaio rápido em coluna de escala reduzida seguida de incrementos progressivos das concentrações à medida que se aumentou o volume de leitos tratados. Na fase final dos ensaios, os aumentos de volume de leitos tratados não causaram mudanças significativas nas concentrações efluentes de carbono orgânico dissolvido. O mesmo comportamento foi observado com relação à absorção em radiação ultravioleta a 254 nm. O uso de ozônio previamente à adsorção em carvão ativado granular, usando o método ensaio rápido em coluna de escala reduzida, resultou em maiores reduções na absorbância da luz ultravioleta em 254 nm do que nas concentrações de carbono orgânico dissolvido. As absorbâncias específicas à radiação ultravioleta das amostras ozonizadas foram menores do que as que não receberam ozônio.


Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the removal of dissolved organic carbon in filtered water followed by pre-oxidation with ozone and adsorption on granular activated carbon. The rapid small-scale column test was used for the adsorption essays with activated carbon produced from coconut shells. A comparison was made between the breakthrough curves for tests performed with and without pre-oxidation with ozone. The results showed reductions in dissolved organic carbon concentrations after initial passage of water with and without ozone through the rapid small-scale column test column, followed by progressive increases in concentrations along with the number of the bed volumes. In the final phase of the tests, increases in bed volumes did not cause significative changes in effluent dissolved organic carbon concentrations. The same behavior was also observed with respect to ultra-violet absorbance at 254 nm. The use of ozone prior to adsorption on GAC, using the ERCER method, caused greater reductions on UV254 absorbance than in concentrations of dissolved organic carbon. The specific ultraviolet absorbance values of samples that received ozone were lower than those that were not ozonized.

SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL