Construct, Face, and Predictive Validity of Parkinson's Disease Rodent Models.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease globally. Current drugs only alleviate symptoms without halting disease progression, making rodent models essential for researching new therapies and understanding the disease better. However, selecting the right model is challenging due to the numerous models and protocols available. Key factors in model selection include construct, face, and predictive validity. Construct validity ensures the model replicates pathological changes seen in human PD, focusing on dopaminergic neurodegeneration and a-synuclein aggregation. Face validity ensures the model's symptoms mirror those in humans, primarily reproducing motor and non-motor symptoms. Predictive validity assesses if treatment responses in animals will reflect those in humans, typically involving classical pharmacotherapies and surgical procedures. This review highlights the primary characteristics of PD and how these characteristics are validated experimentally according to the three criteria. Additionally, it serves as a valuable tool for researchers in selecting the most appropriate animal model based on established validation criteria.

Predictive validity and cut-off point of the Turkish version of the Infant Colic Scale in the diagnosis of colic

Abstract Objective: To investigate the predictive validity and cut-off point of the Turkish version of the Infant Colic Scale (ICS) in the diagnosis of colic. Methods: This methodological study was carried out in a pediatric outpatient clinic of a university hospital in Turkey with infants aged 6-16 weeks (n = 133). The data were collected using the Mother-Infant Description Form, the ICS, and the Rome IV criteria form. The scale is a 6-point Likert-type scale consisting of 19 items in total. A low total mean score obtained from it indicates that the probability of colic increases, while a high mean score indicates that the probability of colic decreases. The Rome IV criteria were used as the gold standard. Results: The mean score obtained from the ICS was 59.4 ± 13.7. According to the Rome IV criteria, 26.3% of the infants had colic. The area under the ROC curve was 87.4% (95% CI = 0.815-0.934, SE = 0.30, p = 0.001), and the cut-off point for the best sensitivity value (88.6%) and the best specificity value (70.5%) of the ICS was determined to be 60.5. According to the cut-off point, the positive predictive value was 51%, and the negative predictive value was 94%. Conclusion: The predictive validity of the Turkish version of the ICS was found to be at a good level with high sensitivity and acceptable specificity for a cut-off point of 60.5. Healthcare professionals working in the child field can use the ICS to exclude colic in infants.

The Emotion Regulation Questionnaire: Psychometric Properties and Prediction of Posttraumatic Consequences during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Chilean Adults.

The Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ) is widely used to assess the use of cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression strategies to regulate negative emotions. The present study evaluates the psychometric properties, reliability and validity of a Chilean adaptation of the ERQ in a large sample of 1543 participants aged between 18 and 87 (38% male, 62% female). The results of the confirmatory factor analysis showed the expected two-factor structure and factorial invariance in relation to gender. Results also indicated adequate internal consistency, test-retest reliability, convergent and predictive validity in predicting posttraumatic stress symptoms and posttraumatic growth six months after the first measurement in a subsample of students exposed to the COVID-19 pandemic. The use of reappraisal was positively associated with general well-being, whereas the use of suppression was positively associated with depressive symptomatology. In terms of posttraumatic consequences, the use of reappraisal was negatively associated with posttraumatic symptomatology and positively associated with posttraumatic growth six months later; in turn, suppression was positively associated with posttraumatic symptomatology and negatively associated with posttraumatic growth six months later. This study demonstrates that the ERQ is a valid and reliable instrument to measure emotional regulation strategies in Chilean adults.

Predictive validity and cut-off point of the Turkish version of the Infant Colic Scale in the diagnosis of colic.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the predictive validity and cut-off point of the Turkish version of the Infant Colic Scale (ICS) in the diagnosis of colic. METHODS: This methodological study was carried out in a pediatric outpatient clinic of a university hospital in Turkey with infants aged 6-16 weeks (n = 133). The data were collected using the Mother-Infant Description Form, the ICS, and the Rome IV criteria form. The scale is a 6-point Likert-type scale consisting of 19 items in total. A low total mean score obtained from it indicates that the probability of colic increases, while a high mean score indicates that the probability of colic decreases. The Rome IV criteria were used as the gold standard. RESULTS: The mean score obtained from the ICS was 59.4 ± 13.7. According to the Rome IV criteria, 26.3% of the infants had colic. The area under the ROC curve was 87.4% (95% CI = 0.815-0.934, SE = 0.30, p = 0.001), and the cut-off point for the best sensitivity value (88.6%) and the best specificity value (70.5%) of the ICS was determined to be 60.5. According to the cut-off point, the positive predictive value was 51%, and the negative predictive value was 94%. CONCLUSION: The predictive validity of the Turkish version of the ICS was found to be at a good level with high sensitivity and acceptable specificity for a cut-off point of 60.5. Healthcare professionals working in the child field can use the ICS to exclude colic in infants.

Propiedades Psicométricas de la Escala de Bienestar Psicológico para Adultos (BIEPS-A) en población Mexicana / Psychometric Properties of the Psychological Well-Being Scale for Adults (BIEPS-A) in a Mexican Sample

Resumen Introducción: El bienestar psicológico favorece el funcionamiento de la vida personal y social. Para su evaluación, es necesario contar con instrumentos válidos y confiables que permitan decidir y valorar las acciones necesarias para promoverlo. Objetivo: Evaluar las propiedades psicométricas de la Escala de Bienestar Psicológico para Adultos (BIEPS-A) en una muestra mexicana. Método: Se aplicó la escala BIEPS-A y la Escala de Autoestima de Rosenberg (EAR) a 188 estudiantes universitarios y 94 participantes de población general. Resultados: Un análisis paralelo detectó un factor único en la escala BIEPS-A, estructurado mediante análisis factorial exploratorio (componentes principales, rotación oblicua) que retuvo 9 reactivos y explicó el 54% de la varianza. La consistencia interna fue de aceptable (α de Cronbach = .78) a elevada (alfa ordinal = .90). El análisis de curva ROC identificó un punto de corte equivalente a la mediana (ABC = .72, p < .01) y otro al percentil 75 (ABC = .80, p < .01), y ser mujer, tener entre 18 y 25 años y bajo o leve nivel de autoestima como predictores de bajo nivel de bienestar psicológico. La escala BIEPS-A mostró validez concurrente (r = .57) y predictiva con la EAR (β = .63). Discusión y conclusiones: La escala BIEPS-A es un instrumento válido y confiable para evaluar el bienestar psicológico en población mexicana; sin embargo, las diferencias respecto a su estructura original indican la necesidad de una escala de bienestar psicológico diseñada específicamente para población mexicana.

Abstract Introduction: Psychological well-being favors the functioning of personal and social life. Valid and reliable instruments are necessary for its evaluation that allow deciding and assessing the actions necessary to promote it. Objective: To evaluate the psychometric properties of the Scale of Psychological Well-being for Adults (BIEPS-A) in a Mexican sample. Methods: The BIEPS-A scale and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) were administered to 188 university students and 94 participants from the general population. Results: A parallel analysis detected a single factor in the BIEPS-A scale, structured by exploratory factor analysis (main components, oblique rotation) that retained 9 items and explained 54% of the variance. Internal consistency ranged from acceptable (Cronbach's α = .78) to high (ordinal alpha = .90). ROC curve analysis identified a cut-off point equivalent to the median (AUC = .72, p <.01) and another to the 75th percentile (AUC = .80, p <.01). The latter identified as a woman, between 18 and 25 years old with a low or slight level of self-esteem as predictors of a low level of psychological well-being. The BIEPS-A scale showed concurrent (r = .57) and predictive (β = .63) validity with the EAR. Discussion and conclusions: The BIEPS-A scale is a valid and reliable instrument to assess psychological well-being in the Mexican population. However, the differences with respect to its original structure indicate the need for a psychological well-being scale designed specifically for the Mexican population.

A Teoria de Valores Refinada: associações com comportamento e evidências de validade discriminante e preditiva / La Théorie des Valeurs Raffinées: les associations avec le comportement et les évidences de la validité discriminante et prédictive / La Teoría de Valores Refinada: relaciones con el comportamiento y la evidencia de la validez discriminante y predictiva / The Refined Theory of Values: associations with behavior and evidences of discriminative and predictive validity

Resumo: A teoria refinada dos 19 valores humanos básicos foi apresentada em 2012. Sua utilidade e validade discriminantes foram demonstradas em associações com atitudes e crenças, mas não comportamentos, apresentando um instrumento para medir os 19 valores em diferentes países, mas não no Brasil. Dois estudos, com três amostras brasileiras independentes, apresentam tal instrumento e investigam a validade discriminante e preditiva da teoria pelo exame das associações de cada valor com comportamentos cotidianos. Um MDS confirmatório ordenou os valores no contínuo motivacional previsto pela teoria. Análises fatoriais confirmatórias dão suporte para a validade discriminante e preditiva da teoria. Os resultados sugerem que as compatibilidades e conflitos que estruturam a relação entre os valores também organizam os comportamentos que os expressam.

Résumé: La théorie raffinée des 19 valeurs humaines fondamentales a été présentée en 2012. Leur utilité et validité discriminantes ont été démontrées en association avec les attitudes et les croyances, mais pas avec le comportement, et présente un instrument pour mesurer les valeurs dans 19 pays différents, mais pas au Brésil. Deux études avec 3 échantillons brésiliens indépendants présentent tel instrument et enquête la validité discriminante et prédictive de la théorie en examinant les associations de chaque valeur avec des comportements quotidiens. Un MDS confirmatoire a ordonné les valeurs dans le continuum de motivation prévue par la théorie. Des analyses factorielles confirmatoires soutiennent la validité discriminante et prédictive de la théorie. Les résultats suggèrent que les compatibilités et les conflits qui structurent la relation entre les valeurs aussi organisent les comportements qui les expriment.

Resumen: Se presentó en 2012 la teoría refinada de los 19 valores humanos básicos. Su utilidad y validez discriminante se demostró en asociación con las actitudes y creencias, excepto el comportamiento, un instrumento para medir los valores en 19 países diferentes, a excepción de Brasil. Dos estudios con tres muestras brasileñas independientes presentan este instrumento e investigan la validez discriminante y predictiva de la teoría mediante el examen de las asociaciones de cada valor con los comportamientos cotidianos. El escalonamiento multidimensional (MDS) confirmatorio ordenó valores en continuo motivacional predicho por la teoría. Los análisis factoriales confirmatorios proporcionan apoyo a la validez discriminante y predictiva de la teoría. Los resultados sugieren que las compatibilidades y los conflictos que estructuran la relación entre los valores también organizan los comportamientos que las expresan.

Abstract: The refined theory of 19 basic human values was presented in 2012. Its discriminative validity and utility were associated with attitudes and beliefs, but not with behaviors, introducing an instrument for measuring the 19 values in different countries, but not in Brazil. Two studies, with three independent Brazilian samples, introduced this instrument and investigated the discriminative and predictive validity of the theory by examining the associations of each value with everyday behaviors. A confirmatory multidimensional scaling (MDS) ordered the values in the motivational continuum predicted by the theory. Confirmatory factor analyses support the theory's discriminative and predictive validity. The results suggest that the compatibilities and conflicts that structure the relation between values also organize the behaviors that express them.

A Teoria de Valores Refinada: associações com comportamento e evidências de validade discriminante e preditiva / La Théorie des Valeurs Raffinées: les associations avec le comportement et les évidences de la validité discriminante et prédictive / La Teoría de Valores Refinada: relaciones con el comportamiento y la evidencia de la validez discriminante y predictiva / The Refined Theory of Values: associations with behavior and evidences of discriminative and predictive validity

A teoria refinada dos 19 valores humanos básicos foi apresentada em 2012. Sua utilidade e validade discriminantes foram demonstradas em associações com atitudes e crenças, mas não comportamentos, apresentando um instrumento para medir os 19 valores em diferentes países, mas não no Brasil. Dois estudos, com três amostras brasileiras independentes, apresentam tal instrumento e investigam a validade discriminante e preditiva da teoria pelo exame das associações de cada valor com comportamentos cotidianos. Um MDS confirmatório ordenou os valores no contínuo motivacional previsto pela teoria. Análises fatoriais confirmatórias dão suporte para a validade discriminante e preditiva da teoria. Os resultados sugerem que as compatibilidades e conflitos que estruturam a relação entre os valores também organizam os comportamentos que os expressam. (AU)

La théorie raffinée des 19 valeurs humaines fondamentales a été présentée en 2012. Leur utilité et validité discriminantes ont été démontrées en association avec les attitudes et les croyances, mais pas avec le comportement, et présente un instrument pour mesurer les valeurs dans 19 pays différents, mais pas au Brésil. Deux études avec 3 échantillons brésiliens indépendants présentent tel instrument et enquête la validité discriminante et prédictive de la théorie en examinant les associations de chaque valeur avec des comportements quotidiens. Un MDS confirmatoire a ordonné les valeurs dans le continuum de motivation prévue par la théorie. Des analyses factorielles confirmatoires soutiennent la validité discriminante et prédictive de la théorie. Les résultats suggèrent que les compatibilités et les conflits qui structurent la relation entre les valeurs aussi organisent les comportements qui les expriment.(AU)

Se presentó en 2012 la teoría refinada de los 19 valores humanos básicos. Su utilidad y validez discriminante se demostró en asociación con las actitudes y creencias, excepto el comportamiento, un instrumento para medir los valores en 19 países diferentes, a excepción de Brasil. Dos estudios con tres muestras brasileñas independientes presentan este instrumento e investigan la validez discriminante y predictiva de la teoría mediante el examen de las asociaciones de cada valor con los comportamientos cotidianos. El escalonamiento multidimensional (MDS) confirmatorio ordenó valores en continuo motivacional predicho por la teoría. Los análisis factoriales confirmatorios proporcionan apoyo a la validez discriminante y predictiva de la teoría. Los resultados sugieren que las compatibilidades y los conflictos que estructuran la relación entre los valores también organizan los comportamientos que las expresan. (AU)

The refined theory of 19 basic human values was presented in 2012. Its discriminative validity and utility were associated with attitudes and beliefs, but not with behaviors, introducing an instrument for measuring the 19 values in different countries, but not in Brazil. Two studies, with three independent Brazilian samples, introduced this instrument and investigated the discriminative and predictive validity of the theory by examining the associations of each value with everyday behaviors. A confirmatory multidimensional scaling (MDS) ordered the values in the motivational continuum predicted by the theory. Confirmatory factor analyses support the theory's discriminative and predictive validity. The results suggest that the compatibilities and conflicts that structure the relation between values also organize the behaviors that express them.(AU)

Un estudio preliminar de una prueba de autodetección a distancia. Riesgo en trastornos alimentarios / A preliminary study of an online self-detection test. Risk in eating disorders

El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la utilidad de una prueba de autodetección de riesgo en trastornos alimentarios a distancia (PARTAD), desde una perspectiva cuantitativa, determinando su validez predictiva y poder de clasificación y una cualitativa, analizando el contenido de las opiniones y sugerencias de las usuarias. De la muestra total (n = 3,501) 3,059 eran adolescentes (13-19 años) y jóvenes (20-35 años); 394 mujeres adultas (36-50 años); y 48 adultas maduras (51-60 años). Se construyó un instrumento de 30 ítems dicotómicos y de opción múltiple y se agregaron 2 preguntas abiertas con propósitos de retroalimentación para mejorarlo y para la evaluación cualitativa. El análisis discriminante arrojó una función con fuerte poder discriminatorio entre grupos, con alto y bajo riesgo en trastornos alimentarios, que explica hasta el 88% de la varianza y el 100% de clasificación correcta. También se obtuvo un 23% de comentarios (706), el análisis y clasificación de sus contenidos mostraron los efectos esperados. Los resultados permiten responder afirmativamente en relación con la utilidad del PARTAD.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of an Online Test of Self-Detection in Risk for Eating Disorder (OTSDRED) from a quantitative perspective (determining its predictive validity and classification power) and from a qualitative one (analyzing the opinions and suggestions of users). From the total sample (N = 3501) of women, 3059 were adolescents (13- 19 years), youth (20-35 years); 394 adult (36-50 years); and 48 mature adult (51-60 years). An instrument of 30 dichotomous items and multiple choice was built. Two open questions with feedback for improvement purposes and for the qualitative assessment were added. The Discriminant Analysis yielded strong discriminatory power function between groups with high and low risk for eating disorders, explaining up to 88% of the variance and 100% of correct classification. With regard to the qualitative perspective a 23% of comments (706) were obtained; the analysis and classification of its contents showed the expected effects. The results from the quantitative and qualitative analysis allowed affirmative answer regarding the usefulness of OTSDRED.

Animal models as tools to study the pathophysiology of depression

The incidence of depressive illness is high worldwide, and the inadequacy of currently available drug treatments contributes to the significant health burden associated with depression. A basic understanding of the underlying disease processes in depression is lacking; therefore, recreating the disease in animal models is not possible. Popular current models of depression creatively merge ethologically valid behavioral assays with the latest technological advances in molecular biology. Within this context, this study aims to evaluate animal models of depression and determine which has the best face, construct, and predictive validity. These models differ in the degree to which they produce features that resemble a depressive-like state, and models that include stress exposure are widely used. Paradigms that employ acute or sub-chronic stress exposure include learned helplessness, the forced swimming test, the tail suspension test, maternal deprivation, chronic mild stress, and sleep deprivation, to name but a few, all of which employ relatively short-term exposure to inescapable or uncontrollable stress and can reliably detect antidepressant drug response.

Validez predictiva del instrumento Evaluación de Riesgos y Recursos (FER-R) para la intervención en adolescentes infractores de ley: estudio preliminar / Predictive Validity at the Instrument Risk and Resources (FER-R) for Intervention Assessment with Young Offenders: Preliminary Study

Se estudió la validez predictiva del instrumento Ficha de Evaluación de Riesgos y Recursos (FER-R) para adolescentes infractores de ley, en un lapso de dos años (2009-2011). La FER-R consta de 60 ítems y permite el registro de 10 dominios, riesgos criminogénicos, recursos y el registro de un índice de escalada delictiva. La muestra estuvo conformada por 101 adolescentes varones, entre 14 y 19 años de edad, judicializados y derivados a programas de intervención en medio libre. Los principales resultados muestran que el índice general de riesgo medido por la FER-R, presenta un 68.3 % de aciertos, con un área bajo la curva ROC = 0.73, indicando una magnitud predictiva fuerte de la escala total para predecir reincidencia en los adolescentes infractores chilenos.

The present study examined the recidivism predictive validity of an at risk and resources instrument for young offenders (FER-R) along a two-year span (2009-2011). This instrument has 60 items and it allows the recording of behavior in 10 different domains, grouped in three indices: criminogenic risk, resources, and an index of escalating crime rate. The sample consisted of 101 male young offenders (14 and 19 years), sent over to take part on free medium intervention programs. The main results showed that the overall predictive coefficient of the FER-R was a 68.3% correct, with an area under the curve, AUCs = 0.73, indicating a predictive capacity moderate to strong of recidivism of the instrument for Chilean juvenile offenders.

PMK: validade preditiva do PMK em relação à presença de sintomas psicopatológicos / PMK: criteria-related validity regarding psychopathologic symptoms

O Psicodiagnóstico Miocinético (PMK) é considerado uma técnica útil na avaliação de seis fatores da personalidade no Brasil. Tendo como base a teorização proposta por Mira y Lopes, manifestações extremas dessas dimensões estão relacionadas a indícios de sintomas psicopatológicos. Este trabalho teve como objetivo principal investigar a capacidade preditiva das medidas do PMK em relação ao diagnóstico de transtorno de humor. Para tal, compararam-se as medidas no PMK de 31 indivíduos com diagnóstico de transtorno mental e 31 controles pareados nas variáveis sociodemográficas. Foi utilizada a estatística de Wilcoxon e os resultados indicaram que não houve diferenças entre os grupos. Conclui-se que as medidas de personalidade baseadas no PMK, tal como calculadas no presente estudo, não foram sensíveis à presença de tendências depressivas constitucionais conforme sua fundamentação teórica. Na literatura brasileira, não foram encontrados estudos atuais que tiveram o propósito de compreender a capacidade do PMK em diferenciar grupos-critérios em termos de sintomas psicopatológicos. Por isso, verifica-se a necessidade do desenvolvimento de visão conceitual crítica e metodologicamente consistente dos parâmetros psicométricos do PMK no intuito de legitimar a interpretação proposta por Mira y Lopez para o uso do instrumento em diferentes contextos da avaliação psicológica.(AU)

Psicodiagnóstico Miocinético (PMK) is considered a useful technique for the evaluation of six personality factors in Brazil. Based on the theory proposed by Mira y Lopez, extreme manifestations of these dimensions are related to signs of psychopathology. This study aimed to investigate the predictive ability of measures of the PMK in the diagnosis of mood disorder. To this end, we compared measures of PMK in 31 individuals diagnosed with mental disorder and 31 controls matched on sociodemographic variables. We used Wilcoxon test and the results showed no differences between groups. It is concluded that measures of personality as calculated in this study were not sensitive to the presence of mental disorders of mood. In the Brazilian literature, current studies that had the purpose of understanding the PMK's capacity in differentiating group-criteria in psychopathological symptoms have not been found. New psychometric studies should be conducted to justify the interpretation suggested by Mira y Lopez.(AU)

PMK: validade preditiva do PMK em relação à presença de sintomas psicopatológicos / PMK: criteria-related validity regarding psychopathologic symptoms

O Psicodiagnóstico Miocinético (PMK) é considerado uma técnica útil na avaliação de seis fatores da personalidade no Brasil. Tendo como base a teorização proposta por Mira y Lopes, manifestações extremas dessas dimensões estão relacionadas a indícios de sintomas psicopatológicos. Este trabalho teve como objetivo principal investigar a capacidade preditiva das medidas do PMK em relação ao diagnóstico de transtorno de humor. Para tal, compararam-se as medidas no PMK de 31 indivíduos com diagnóstico de transtorno mental e 31 controles pareados nas variáveis sociodemográficas. Foi utilizada a estatística de Wilcoxon e os resultados indicaram que não houve diferenças entre os grupos. Conclui-se que as medidas de personalidade baseadas no PMK, tal como calculadas no presente estudo, não foram sensíveis à presença de tendências depressivas constitucionais conforme sua fundamentação teórica. Na literatura brasileira, não foram encontrados estudos atuais que tiveram o propósito de compreender a capacidade do PMK em diferenciar grupos-critérios em termos de sintomas psicopatológicos. Por isso, verifica-se a necessidade do desenvolvimento de visão conceitual crítica e metodologicamente consistente dos parâmetros psicométricos do PMK no intuito de legitimar a interpretação proposta por Mira y Lopez para o uso do instrumento em diferentes contextos da avaliação psicológica.

Psicodiagnóstico Miocinético (PMK) is considered a useful technique for the evaluation of six personality factors in Brazil. Based on the theory proposed by Mira y Lopez, extreme manifestations of these dimensions are related to signs of psychopathology. This study aimed to investigate the predictive ability of measures of the PMK in the diagnosis of mood disorder. To this end, we compared measures of PMK in 31 individuals diagnosed with mental disorder and 31 controls matched on sociodemographic variables. We used Wilcoxon test and the results showed no differences between groups. It is concluded that measures of personality as calculated in this study were not sensitive to the presence of mental disorders of mood. In the Brazilian literature, current studies that had the purpose of understanding the PMK's capacity in differentiating group-criteria in psychopathological symptoms have not been found. New psychometric studies should be conducted to justify the interpretation suggested by Mira y Lopez.

Validade preditiva de instrumentos psicológicos usados na avaliação psicológica de condutores / Predictive validity of psychological instruments used in psychological assessment of drivers

Este estudo analisou a possibilidade de prever infrações de trânsito cometidas por motoristas profissionais a partir dos resultados dos testes psicológicos aplicados no processo de habilitação. Coletaram-se os dados de 68 condutores que exercem atividade remunerada em dois momentos, o primeiro, na aquisição da habilitação, e, o segundo, cinco anos depois, na renovação. As análises não demonstraram diferenças significativas nos escores médios dos testes entre os grupos de motoristas com e sem registro de infração. Também não foram evidenciadas correlações significativas entre os escores dos testes e as pontuações das infrações. Concluiu-se que altos ou baixos escores nos diversos instrumentos não são critérios capazes de definir se um motorista cometerá mais ou menos atos infracionais.(AU)

This study analyzed the possibility to predict traffic infractions committed by professional drivers from test results obtained during the psychological assessment procedure when applying for a license. Data was collected from 68 professional drivers on two separate occasions: upon the acquisition of the license, and five years later, upon license renewal. The analysis did not demonstrate meaningful differences in the average test scores between the groups of drivers with and without a record of infraction. Also no meaningful correlations were evidenced between the test scores and the points attributed to the infractions. It was concluded that neither high nor low scores on the several instruments constitute criteria capable to define whether a driver will commit more or less infractional acts.(AU)

Validade preditiva de instrumentos psicológicos usados na avaliação psicológica de condutores / Predictive validity of psychological instruments used in psychological assessment of drivers

Este estudo analisou a possibilidade de prever infrações de trânsito cometidas por motoristas profissionais a partir dos resultados dos testes psicológicos aplicados no processo de habilitação. Coletaram-se os dados de 68 condutores que exercem atividade remunerada em dois momentos, o primeiro, na aquisição da habilitação, e, o segundo, cinco anos depois, na renovação. As análises não demonstraram diferenças significativas nos escores médios dos testes entre os grupos de motoristas com e sem registro de infração. Também não foram evidenciadas correlações significativas entre os escores dos testes e as pontuações das infrações. Concluiu-se que altos ou baixos escores nos diversos instrumentos não são critérios capazes de definir se um motorista cometerá mais ou menos atos infracionais.

This study analyzed the possibility to predict traffic infractions committed by professional drivers from test results obtained during the psychological assessment procedure when applying for a license. Data was collected from 68 professional drivers on two separate occasions: upon the acquisition of the license, and five years later, upon license renewal. The analysis did not demonstrate meaningful differences in the average test scores between the groups of drivers with and without a record of infraction. Also no meaningful correlations were evidenced between the test scores and the points attributed to the infractions. It was concluded that neither high nor low scores on the several instruments constitute criteria capable to define whether a driver will commit more or less infractional acts.