ABSTRACT
Many countries attach great importance to the green, low-carbon, and circular development of industrial parks. China is one of them and has entered an exploration journey of national demonstration eco-industrial parks (NDEIPs). However, the impact of the transformation of industrial parks into NDEIPs on local economic development still remains a mystery. To address this issue, we develop an empirical study using a combination of the multi-period difference-in-differences method and the propensity score matching method based on the panel data for 266 cities in China from 2001 to 2021. The results show that industrial parks becoming NDEIPs promotes cities' economic development. This conclusion still holds after a series of robustness tests, such as the reverse causality test and the placebo test. Moreover, the park heterogeneity tests show that the economic consequences vary according to differences in levels, industry types, life cycle phases, and the degree of foreign firm agglomeration. The city heterogeneity tests show that the economic consequences differ based on administrative levels, innovation capabilities, technology industrialization, and environmental friendliness. The spatial heterogeneity tests show that the economic consequences differ according to geographical location and whether situated in the Yangtze River Economic Belt. The policy upgrading heterogeneity tests show that the economic consequences differ during the process of policy upgrading and transformation. In addition, the mechanism tests reveal that green innovation, human capital level, and firm attractiveness mediate the relationship between industrial parks becoming NDEIPs and cities' economic development. This study provides a new perspective for understanding the economic effects of the transformation of industrial parks into NDEIPs, and provides a reference for the government on how to maximize these economic effects.
Subject(s)
Parks, Recreational , China , Economic Development , Cities , Industry , Conservation of Natural Resources , HumansABSTRACT
Classical traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) excellent prescriptions is an outstanding representative in prescriptions of traditional Chinese medicine,clinical medicine effective tool,and the essence of traditional culture of Chinese medicine.The research and development of classical TCM excellent prescriptions has attracted great attention from group in the whole industry chain of TCM,a series of guiding suggestions and targeted literature laid a good foundation for research and development of classical TCM excellent prescriptions.In this paper,based on the CNKI database,literature about suggestions or enlightenments of classical TCM excellent prescriptions was sorted and refined in order to build the research outline of classical TCM excellent prescriptions,and it was concluded that literature research was the premise,medicine/decoction pieces with good quality was the foundation,standard substance was the core,high quality was the guarantee and preferential policies were the impetus,and related discussions were carried out.All these were expected to promote the research of classical TCM excellent prescriptions and development of related industries.
