Predictors of Quality of Work Life in Health Care Workers at Adult Critical Care Units: A Cross-sectional Study.

Aim and background: Satisfaction with the quality of work life reflects the inadequate distribution of the workforce in critical care units and is not enough; on many occasions, they work in precarious conditions and with high levels of physical, emotional, spiritual, and social demands, impacting the quality of care. Aim: To identify predictors of the quality of work life of healthcare workers in adult critical care units (ACCU). Materials and methods: Quantitative study, cross-sectional analytical design with stratified two-stage sampling; three instruments were applied to 209 healthcare professionals in adult critical care units in different sites in a region of Colombia, concerning Quality of Life at Work-GOHISALO, Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire-COPSOQ and Professional Quality of Life-ProQoL V. Multiple ordinal logistic regression was performed with exposure variables from the COPSOQ and ProQoL domains; the outcome variables were the dimensions of the Quality of Work Life instrument. Ethical standards for research involving human subjects were ensured. Results: According to the results of the multiple logistic models, quality of work life is predicted by job integration and predictability (OR = 6.93; 95% CI = 3.6-13.9), leisure time management and double presence (OR = 4.5; 95% CI = 1.22-8.79). Both job satisfaction and job security are related to leadership quality (OR=3.82; 95% CI = 2.27-6.55 and OR = 3.18; 95% CI = 1.22-8.79), respectively. Conclusions: The quality of work life of healthcare workers in adult intensive care units is predicted by quantitative demands, double presence, emotional demands, work pace, predictability, vertical trust, and quality of leadership. How to cite this article: Quinones-Rozo LP, Canaval-Erazo GE, Sandoval-Moreno LM. Predictors of Quality of Work Life in Health Care Workers at Adult Critical Care Units: A Cross-sectional Study. Indian J Crit Care Med 2024;28(4):355-363.

Fatores de risco psicossociais relacionados ao trabalho: uma análise contemporânea / Work-related psychosocial risk factors: a contemporary analysis

Resumo Introdução: nos debates sobre a proteção e a promoção da saúde nos contextos laborais, o tema dos fatores psicossociais relacionados ao trabalho (FPRT) tem se destacado. Objetivo: demonstrar que a ausência da tematização do antagonismo e do conflito estrutural entre capital e trabalho, bem como a captura da temática pela lógica gerencialista neoliberal, produz o empobrecimento do debate e o enfraquecimento de iniciativas voltadas para a transformação do contexto laboral. Método: a reflexão é realizada a partir de revisão da literatura, tendo como referencial o materialismo histórico. Resultados: as formulações de políticas, instrumentos e medidas destinadas à proteção da saúde dos trabalhadores, gestadas nos marcos ideológicos do regime de acumulação capitalista e da governamentalidade neoliberal, convertem-se em compreensões e intervenções que, longe de transformarem as situações concretas de trabalho, mascaram o papel exercido pelo trabalho em relação à saúde dos trabalhadores, consagram as ações voltadas aos indivíduos, arrefecem as lutas sociais e ampliam as pressões sobre os trabalhadores. Conclusão: o enfrentamento dos riscos psicossociais não deve se limitar à mitigação desses riscos, mas sim encontrar seus propósitos e seus fundamentos em um horizonte teórico-prático que descortine a necessidade de superação da própria economia capitalista.

Abstract Introduction: work-related psychosocial factors have stood out in debates concerning health protection and promotion in occupational contexts. Objective: this essay demonstrates how the lack of thematic exploration regarding the antagonism and structural conflict between capital and labor, as well as its co-optation by neoliberal managerial logic, impoverishes the debate and weakens initiatives aimed at transforming the work environment. Method: a literature review was conducted using historical materialism as a theoretical framework. Results: policies, instruments, and measures formulated to protect workers' health developed under the ideological framework of capitalist accumulation and neoliberal governmentality become understandings and interventions that, far from transforming actual work situations, mask the role played by work in occupational health. They consecrate actions focused on individuals, dampen social struggles, and increase pressure on workers. Conclusion: addressing psychosocial risks should not be limited to mitigating them; rather, it should find its purposes and foundations in a theoretical-practical horizon that unveils the need to overcome the capitalist economy itself.

Acute Stress in Health Workers in Colombia 2017-2021: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Objectives: Analyze the presence of acute stress response after adverse events in human talent in Colombian health institutions from 2017 to 2021. Methods: Cross-sectional study of prevalence, carried out on 838 members of the human talent in health (professionals, technicians, technologists, and auxiliaries) of Colombian health institutions in the study period with the application of the EASE instrument. Univariate analysis using descriptive statistical techniques, chi-square and Student's t-test, and bivariate analysis with a Poisson regression model using the institucional SPSS v. 26. Results: The prevalence of adverse events in the last 5 years was 33.8%, presenting levels of acute stress qualifying as Medium-high emotional overload at 21.91%, while extreme acute stress was at 3.53%. The prevalence of risk for presenting acute stress after being involved in an adverse event was PR: 1.30 (CI: 1.24-1.36). Conclusion: Acute stress in human talent after adverse events is limiting health and care capacity and must be efficiently addressed by health institutions. Psychosocial risk is linked within the framework of the patient safety program and the institutional occupational health and safety management systems.

Part-time or full-time teleworking? A systematic review of the psychosocial risk factors of telework from home.

Introduction: Since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic thousands of people have experienced teleworking and this practice is becoming increasingly commonplace. This review aims to highlight the differences in exposure to psychosocial risk factors for health between part-time and full-time teleworking from home. Methods: The protocol of the systematic review of the literature was registered on PROSPERO 2020 platform according to the PRISMA statement guidelines. The key words "telework" and "frequency" ("part-time" or "full-time"), together with their synonyms and variations, were searched. Independent researchers conducted the systematic search of 7 databases: Scopus, SciELO, PePSIC; PsycInfo, PubMed, Applied Social Sciences Index and Abstracts (ASSIA) and Web of Science. Of the 638 articles identified from 2010 to June 2021, 32 were selected for data extraction. The authors evaluated the risk of bias and quality of evidence of the studies included using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Main themes categorized include 7 dimensions of psychosocial risk factors: work intensity and working hours; emotional demands; autonomy; social relationships at work; conflict of values, work insecurity and home/work interface. Results: The results revealed scant practice of full-time teleworking prior to the pandemic. Regarding the psychosocial risk factors found, differences were evident before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. For part-time and full-time telework prior to the pandemic, the dimensions of intensification of work and working hours, social relationships at work, and the home-work interface were the most prominent factors. However, studies performed during the COVID-19 pandemic where teleworking was mostly performed full-time, there was an increase in focus on emotional demands and the home-work interface, and a reduction in the other dimensions. Discussion: Full-time telework brings important changes in working conditions and has the potential to affect living and health conditions of teleworkers. Part-time teleworking may have positive impact on psychosocial risk factors, favoring work-home balance, communication, and social relationships. Systematic review registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=191455, PROSPERO 2020 CRD4202019 1455.

Estrés laboral y ansiedad en trabajadores de la salud del área de terapia intensiva

Introducción: Las condiciones laborales de los trabajadores del área de cuidados intensivos del Hospital General Riobamba durante la pandemia de COVID-19 pueden haber influido en la presencia de estrés laboral y ansiedad. Objetivo: Determinar la relación existente entre el estrés laboral y ansiedad en trabajadores de salud del área de terapia intensiva del Hospital General Riobamba durante la pandemia de COVID-19. Métodos: Investigación básica, no experimental, transversal, descriptiva y correlacional con universo de 45 trabajadores. Se utilizó la tercera versión del cuestionario de Estrés Laboral diseñada por Villalobos en el año 2016 para identificar la presencia de estrés laboral y la escala de Hamilton para la identificación de la presencia y niveles de ansiedad. La prueba no paramétrica de correlación de Pearson se utilizó para determinar la correlación existente entre estrés laboral y ansiedad. La prueba odds ratio se utilizó para identificar el riesgo de aparición de ansiedad secundario a la presencia e intensidad del estrés laboral. Resultados: Predominio de trabajadores expuestos a estrés laboral (75,56 %) y con ansiedad (57,78 %). El nivel medio de estrés laboral (41,18 %) y nivel bajo de ansiedad (50,0 %) fueron los más representativos en cada caso. Conclusión: Se identificó un elevado porcentaje de trabajadores del área de terapia intensiva de Hospital General Riobamba con estrés laboral y ansiedad. Se identificó correlación positiva fuerte entre estrés laboral y ansiedad. La prueba de odds ratio mostró que el porcentaje de tener ansiedad se triplica si existe estrés laboral.

Introduction: The working conditions of workers in the intensive care area of ​​the hospital in Riobamba during the COVID-19 pandemic may have influenced the presence of work stress and anxiety. Objective: To determine the relationship between work stress and anxiety in health workers in the intensive care area of ​​the Riobamba Hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Basic, non-experimental, cross-sectional and descriptive research with a universe of 45 workers. The third version of the Occupational Stress questionnaire designed by Villalobos in 2016 was used to identify the presence of occupational stress and the Hamilton scale to identify the presence and levels of anxiety. Pearson's non-parametric correlation test was used to determine the correlation between job stress and anxiety. The odds ratio test was used to identify the risk of anxiety secondary to the presence and intensity of work stress. Results: Prevalence of workers exposed to work stress (75.56 %) and with anxiety (57.78 %). The average level of work stress (41.18%) and low level of anxiety (50.0 %) were the most representative in each case. Conclusion: A high percentage of workers in the intensive care area of the General Hospital in Riobamba with work stress and anxiety was identified. A strong positive correlation was identified between work stress and anxiety. The odds ratio test showed that the percentage of having anxiety triples if there is work stress.

Psychosocial risk factors identification in Mexican workers and RGIII validation.

BACKGROUND: Since 2018, NOM-035-STPS-2018 has been applied in Mexico, focused on measuring psychosocial risk factors (PRFs) in workers and the Reference Guide III (RGIII) has been presented, however, research focused on its validation has been scarce, in very specific sectors and with small samples. OBJECTIVE: Determine the levels of PRFs of five work centers and reliability and validity aspects of RGIII. METHOD: The RGIII was applied to 1458 workers (806 women and 652 men) from five workplace in the industrial sector of Ensenada (Mexico), and the level of risk of the PRFs was analyzed, as well as their reliability and validity through Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). RESULTS: The PRFs with medium, high and very high-risk levels are Workload, Lack of control over work and Workday. The RGIII presents adequate reliability with Cronbach's α, Alpha ordinal RHO and Omega of 0.93, 0.95 and 0.95, respectively. The EFA shows all five subscales maintain factor loadings greater than 0.43, although Leadership and relationships at work has better saturation values, and Work environment ended with only three items. The CFA indicates Leadership and work relationships with a Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA) goodness of fit index of 0.072. CONCLUSION: The RGIII allows the identification and evaluation of the level of risk of PRFs. It complies with sufficient internal consistency. It does not have a clear factorial structure, because it does not meet the minimum values of goodness-of-fit indexes that would allow confirming the structure proposed in RGIII.

The Impact of Biosecurity on Biological and Psychosocial Risks for Health Workers of COVID Hospitals in Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico.

BACKGROUND: Some data support that health care workers (HCWs) must have sufficient and good quality personal protective equipment (PPE) and the necessary training to manage COVID patients to avoid contagion that can lead to death. The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between biosafety on the biological risks of SARS-CoV-2 and risks of fatigue, anxiety, or depression in health workers who care for patients in COVID hospitals, from September 2020 to August 2021. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The questionnaire used in this study (Q6S64I) consisted of 6 spheres: Sociodemographic aspects, working conditions; Personal Protection Equipment; safety and health; training and knowledge about COVID-19, the form of transport, and personal health conditions. The answers were online. The Goldberg questionnaire (EADG) measures anxiety and depression, and the questionnaire measures fatigue (Barrientos-Gutiérrez et al.) (PSSF). RESULTS: In total, 76.5% of the HCWs were doctors, 25.2% worked in the emergency services, 79.3% received PPE from their institution, 82.9% cared for COVID-19 patients, and 27.9% tested positive for COVID-19. The PPE provided by the employer was 80%, but the quality was deficient, insufficient, and associated with a relative risk of 4.6. A total of 99% acquired better PPE on their own. The exposure to COVID-19 and the surgical mask provided by the institution had an associated relative risk of 2.8 for the HCWs. A total of 39% of the HCWs reported being calm. CONCLUSIONS: PPE, risk exposure, and safety at work were significantly associated with drowsiness and heaviness, difficulty concentrating, anxiety, and depression.

Fatores de risco psicossociais no trabalho de gestores: revisão sistemática / Psychosocial Risk Factors in the Work of Managers: Systematic Review

Objetivo. Este estudo objetiva sistematizar e avaliar a produção científica nacional e internacional acerca dos fatores de risco psicossociais presentes no trabalho de gestores e como estes afetam sua saúde. Método. Realizou-se uma revisão sistemática da literatura. Foram seguidas as diretrizes do Protocolo PRISMA - Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses. Resultados. Verificou-se que os gestores estão expostos a riscos psicossociais relacionados às categorias tipo e produção de tarefas e saúde e bem-estar. A exposição a estes fatores de risco pode desencadear alterações físicas e mentais na saúde. Foram identificadas ações de intervenção e seus resultados, bem como a necessidade de desenvolvimento de ações de prevenção e promoção de saúde mental voltadas para gestores.

Objective. This study aims to systematize and evaluate the national and international scientific production about the psychosocial risk factors present in the work of managers and how these affect their health. Method. A systematic review of the literature was done. For its development, the guidelines for conducting a systematic review proposed by the PRISMA Protocol - Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses were followed. Results. After the process of refining the results, it was found that managers are exposed to psychosocial risks related to the categories types, and production of tasks and health and well-being. The exposure to these risk factors can trigger physical and mental changes in the health of these workers, requiring prevention and mental health promotion actions.

Factores de riesgo psicosociales que influyen en el comportamiento suicida en las personas privadas de la libertad en Colombia / Psychosocial risk factors that influence suicidal behavior in people deprived of liberty in Colombia

Resumen Objetivo: Identificar los factores de riesgo psicosocial y las características que los componen; que a su vez repercuten en el comportamiento suicida, en los privados de la libertad de Colombia, para mejorar la atención psicológica que se lleva a cabo en los centros penitenciarios. Método: Articulo de revisión documental, de tipo cualitativo, realizado a través de una recolección, revisión y análisis de 55 documentos; de los cuales se seleccionaron 13 artículos que cumplían con los criterios de inclusión y exclusión previamente establecidos. Durante la investigación se tiene en cuenta la elaboración y distinción del documento, de acuerdo a la recolección y organización de la información obtenida a través de bases de datos como Scielo, Scopus, Oxford, Science Direct, Redalyc, Pubmed, entre otros, por lo tanto, se discriminaron las categorías y subcategorías desarrolladas durante la indagación correspondientes al tema a trabajar. Resultados: Se identificaron los factores de riesgo psicosociales fundamentales como: prisionización, vínculo familiar o afectivo, consumo de sustancias psicoactivas, proyecto de vida, problemas psicológicos y tiempo de condena; que presenta la población penitenciaria a nivel mundial, los cuales se tienen en cuenta para reducir las tasas de comportamiento suicida en el ámbito carcelario. Conclusiones: En la revisión documental se logró identificar cuáles son los factores de riesgo que permitan detectar a tiempo el comportamiento suicida en las personas privadas de la libertad, teniendo en cuenta que la población carcelaria a nivel mundial va en aumento y el comportamiento suicida es catalogado como un problema grave de salud pública; se evidenció la falta de existencia de información para la investigación con base a la atención psicosocial que se le brinda a las personas privadas de la libertad alrededor de los factores de riesgos psicosociales que influyen en el comportamiento suicida; por tal razón es importante investigar a profundidad acerca de los factores protectores que pueden prevenir el suicidio en la población.

Abstract Objective: To identify the characteristics that make up the psychosocial risk factors that have an impact on suicidal behavior in Colombian prisoners, in order to improve the psychological care provided in penitentiaries. Method: Documentary review article, of qualitative type, carried out through a collection, review and analysis of 50 documents; of which 13 articles were selected for the elaboration of the results. During the research, the elaboration and distinction of the document is taken into account, according to the collection and organization of information collected through databases such as Scielo, Scopus, Oxford, Science Direct, Redalyc, Pubmed, among others, Therefore, the categories and subcategories developed during the investigation corresponding to the topic to work are discriminated. Results: Key psychosocial risk factors were identified, such as: prison ionization, family or affective bond, use of psychoactive substances, life plan, psychological problems and time of sentence; presented by the prison population worldwide, which are taken into account to reduce suicide rates in prison settings. Conclusions: The documentary review identifies the risk factors and protective factors that allow the timely detection of suicidal behaviour in persons deprived of their liberty, taking into account that some of the risk factors may also be protective factors, such as family ties, the life plan, the process of imprisonment and the time of sentence, and other factors if they are highly relevant because of their risk in suicidal behavior; such as substance use and psychological problems.

Factors Associated with Behavioral Disorders in Children with Congenital Zika Syndrome and Their Families-A Cross-Sectional Study.

The Zika virus was responsible for an outbreak between 2015 and 2016 in Brazil: an alarming public health problem of international relevance. The Congenital Zika Syndrome (CZS) is often associated with manifestations that are responsible for cognitive and motor development delays and behavioral disorders. Thus, we aimed to characterize the clinical-epidemiological and familial context of those children and to identify factors associated with the risk of behavioral disorders using the Survey of Well-Being of Young Children questionnaire (SWYC). In total, 52 children diagnosed with CZS were evaluated. Logistic regressions were employed to assess predictive variables for behavioral alteration. Eighteen (35%) of the children presented a risk of behavioral alteration. Children born normocephalic were 36-fold more likely to present behavioral alteration (95% CI: 3.82 to 337.92, p = 0.002). Children with hearing and visual impairments showed reduced risks. In total, 35% percent of families reported food insecurity and 21% were at risk for maternal depression. Our findings suggest better social interactions and conditions to externalize reactions for children with CZS born normocephalic. The continuous assessment of these children and families may identify conditions associated with behavioral alteration and psychosocial vulnerabilities that help in decision-making, therefore optimizing patient-family interactions.

Parametric and Nonparametric Analysis of the Internal Structure of the Psychosocial Work Processes Questionnaire (PROPSIT) as Applied to Workers.

The study of the dimensionality or internal structure of a measure has a definitional purpose with notable theoretical and practical implications; this aspect can be analyzed via both parametric and nonparametric approaches. The latter are probably used less often to validate constructs in the context of psychosocial work factors. The aim of the present manuscript was to employ both nonparametric (DETECT and AISP-Mokken) and parametric (semiconfirmatory factor analysis) procedures to analyze the internal structure of the Psychosocial Work Processes Questionnaire (PROPSIT) in the context of two samples of Peruvian workers located in the city of Lima, Perú, with one sample drawn from various work centers (n = 201) and the other comprising elementary education teachers (n = 158). The nonparametric results indicated that the content of the PROPSIT is sufficiently multidimensional to be able to describe a variety of psychosocial factors, while the parametric results require modification of the measurement model to obtain greater factorial congruence. In general, the analyses show a similar structure to those discussed by previous preliminary studies that have reported similar item-level performances. Some findings and considerations for future research are discussed.

Item-Level Psychometric Analysis of the Psychosocial Processes at Work Scale (PROPSIT) in Workers.

The structural attributes and correlates of items have an effect on their composite scores and exploring them strengthens the content validity of a measure adapted to another context. The objective of this study was to evaluate the item properties of a measure of psychosocial work factors (PWFs). Data were collected through a web platform from 188 Peruvian working adults (men = 101, 50.5%) holding various professions and jobs. The instrument was the Psychosocial Processes at Work Scale (PROPSIT), adapted for the Peruvian context. The distributional characteristics, the efficiency of its response options and its correlates with engagement, occupational self-efficacy, general stress and psychological distress (explored with a coefficient of maximum information and another of monotonic association) were analyzed. It was found that the items were asymmetrically distributed, without statistical normality and with a response tendency at low (for psychosocial risk factors (PSRFs)) and medium (favorable psychosocial resources) levels. The number of efficient response options was lower (approximately five options) than the original structure (seven options). The monotonic associations with gender and age were essentially zero and theoretically converged with the external constructs, except for some items related to job demands. The contributions of the results to the content validity of the PROPSIT and the orientation of working hypotheses about PROPSIT item constructs and measures of work effects are discussed.

Effects of multiple risk factors on upper limb musculoskeletal disorders among workers in inner Brazil.

BACKGROUND: The literature discussing musculoskeletal diseases of inner northeastern workers is scarce, although 67,559 cases were reported in Brazil between 2007 and 2016. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of multiple risk factors that influence the symptoms of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) in wrists, elbows, and shoulders in workers from four different economic sectors. METHODS: A sample included 420 workers from the inner regions of the Brazilian states of Alagoas and Bahia. The Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire was used to capture pain symptoms on both sides of the body (left and right). Sociodemographic variables, items from the biomechanical exposure and organizational conditional, in addition to other questionnaires (JCQ, COPSOQ II, ERI) were used to assess the characteristics and occupational risks of the respondents. Ordinal logistic regression model was using to identify the relationship between symptoms and factors. RESULTS: This study highlights the psychosocial, biomechanical, occupational, and sociodemographic variables contributed to development of WMSDs. Use of hand-vibrating tool increased the likelihood of symptoms manifesting on the body. On the other hand, high job control and high job insecurity reduced the likelihood of developing symptoms. On the other hand, high job control and job satisfaction reduced the likelihood of developing symptoms. Factors such as age, curved spine, high job insecurity and excessive commitment contributed to the development of WMSDs only on one side of the body. CONCLUSIONS: The development of WMSDs is multifactorial. Sociodemographic, occupational, biomechanical, and psychosocial factors may commonly contribute to WMSD manifesting only on one side of the body more than on both sides.

Estrés laboral en trabajadores de atención prehospitalaria durante la pandemia de COVID-19 / Work stress in prehospital care workers during the COVID-19 pandemic

RESUMEN Introducción: La pandemia de COVID-19 ha causado cambios en las condiciones laborales de los trabajadores sanitarios, lo que se considera un posible factor desencadenante de estrés laboral. Objetivo: Analizar el grado de exposición al estrés laboral que presentan los trabajadores de atención prehospitalaria de la zona 3 del Instituto Ecuatoriano del Seguro Social durante la pandemia de COVID-19. Métodos: Se realizó una investigación básica, no experimental, transversal y descriptiva donde el universo estuvo constituido por un total de 35 trabajadores. Se utilizó la tercera versión del cuestionario de Estrés Laboral diseñada por Villalobos en el año 2016. Resultados: Predominio de trabajadores expuestos a estrés laboral (88,57 %) con predominio de estrés medio (48,39 %). Los dolores en el cuello, espalda o tensión muscular fueron referidos siempre o casi siempre por el 88,57 % de los trabajadores. Los sentimientos de sobrecarga de trabajo siempre o casi siempre estuvieron presentes en el 80,00 % de los trabajadores. El 37,14% refirió problemas siempre o casi siempre con sus relaciones familiares. El 62,86 % de los trabajadores informó que consumen bebidas alcohólicas, café o cigarro siempre o casi siempre para controlar las manifestaciones de estrés. Conclusión: Se identificó un elevado porcentaje de trabajadores con nivel medio de estrés. Los dolores en el cuello y espalda, dificultades en las relaciones familiares, sentimientos de sobrecarga de trabajo, dificultades para concentrarse y el consumo de bebidas alcohólicas, café o cigarro fueron los síntomas que con mayor frecuencia se identificaron en las esferas investigadas.

ABSTRACT Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has generated changes in the working conditions of health workers, being considered a possible trigger of work stress. Objective: To analyze the degree of exposure to work stress presented by pre-hospital care workers in zone 3 of the Ecuadorian Institute of Social Security during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A basic, non-experimental, cross-sectional and descriptive research was carried out where the universe consisted of a total of 35 workers. The third version of the Occupational Stress questionnaire designed by Villalobos in 2016 was used. Results: Prevalence of workers exposed to work stress (88.57%) with predominance of medium stress (48.39%). Pain in the neck, back or muscle tension was always or almost always reported by 88.57% of the workers. Feelings of work overload were always or almost always present in 80.00% of the workers. 37.14% reported problems always or almost always with their family relationships. 62.86% of the workers reported that they consume alcoholic beverages, coffee or cigarettes always or almost always to control stress manifestations. Conclusion: A high percentage of workers with a medium level of stress was identified. Pains in the neck and back; difficulties in family relationships; Feelings of work overload, difficulties concentrating and the consumption of alcoholic beverages, coffee or cigarettes were the symptoms that were most frequently identified in the areas investigated.

Factor structure and measurement invariance of the psychosocial risk factors inventory of NOM-035-STPS-2018.

The primary objective of this study was to analyze the psychometric properties of the Inventory for the Identification and Analysis of Psychosocial Risk Factors (IIA-PRF) of Reference Guide III proposed in NOM-035-STPS-2018. A total of 2,149 workers in Baja California, Mexico's industrial and education-government sectors, were administered an online inventory version. Preliminary analyses were performed, as well as a Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) based on two models proposed by the standard itself: an eight-factor model (8-FM) and a four-factor model (4-FM). Likewise, based on the results and with the recommendations of the specialists, a threefactor model (3-FM) was proposed. In addition, nested model sequencing methods were subsequently applied to validate the invariance between the origin of the activity. The dimensionality of 3-FM was found to have adequate fit values according to a-priori established criteria. It is concluded that the IIAPRF does not have the reliability and validity parameters necessary to support interpretations, uses and consequences based on the theoretical structure established by NOM-035-STPS-2018 and that, although the 3-FM presents better reliability and validity indices, it is not invariant in terms of the origin of the activity. Finally, we discuss the implications and recommend reviewing and adjusting the design of the IIAPRF items to extend the measurement of invariance to other groups of relevance for decision making in the improvement of the work environment.

Relación entre síndrome de Burnout y riesgo psicosocial intralaboral en profesionales sociales / Relationship Between Burnout Syndrome and Psychosocial Risk Within the Workplace in Social Professionals

Resumen El objetivo de esta investigación fue identificar la relación existente entre el síndrome de burnout y las condiciones de riesgo psicosocial intralaboral en profesionales del área social. En relación con la metodología, se realizó un diseño no experimental de corte transversal de alcance correlacional, para una muestra no probabilística de 76 profesionales. El plan de análisis de datos se desarrolló a partir de un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales. Los resultados indicaron que existieron relaciones significativas entre las demandas de trabajo, el control sobre el trabajo y las recompensas con el dominio de desgaste emocional, así como entre las demandas de trabajo y el dominio de despersonalización en el síndrome de burnout. Estas relaciones, al ser significativas, aportan al modelo de ecuaciones estructurales donde se logra establecer que existe una relación entre las variables de estudio y que el riesgo psicosocial intralaboral explica el burnout en un 47.8 %. Este porcentaje es conducente con la importancia de las variables de los modelos teóricos de estrés y estrés crónico (desequilibrio esfuerzo-recompensa, demanda, control y apoyo social y desgaste emocional).

Abstract The objective of this research was to identify the relationship between burnout syndrome and psychosocial risk conditions within the workplace in social professionals. Concerning the methodology, a non‑experimental cross‑sectional design of correlational scope was carried out for a non‑probabilistic sample of 76 professionals. The data analysis plan was developed from a structural equations model. The results indicated that there were significant relationships between work demands, control over work, and rewards with the emotional burnout domain, as well as between work demands and the depersonalization domain in the burnout syndrome. These relationships, being significant, contribute to the structural equations model where it is possible to establish, in the first place, that there is a relationship between the study variables, and that psychosocial risk within the workplace explains burnout in 47.8%. This percentage is consistent with the importance of the variables of the theoretical models of stress and chronic stress (effort‑reward imbalance, demand, control and social support, and emotional exhaustion).

Relación entre características sociodemográficas, obstétricas y psicosociales con el desenlace del parto prematuro en un hospital de alta complejidad / Relationship between sociodemographic, obstetric and psychosocial characteristics with the outcome of premature delivery in a highly complex hospital

INTRODUCCIÓN: La prematuridad es un grave problema de salud pública por la morbilidad, la mortalidad y los costos a ella asociados. OBJETIVO: Evaluar la relación entre las características sociodemográficas, obstétricas y psicosociales con el desenlace de parto prematuro frente a partos de término en el Hospital Guillermo Grant Benavente de Concepción, Chile, entre el segundo semestre de 2016 y el primer semestre de 2017. MÉTODO: Estudio cuantitativo, observacional, de tipo caso-control. La muestra la constituyeron 84 mujeres con parto prematuro y 85 con parto de término. Se utilizó un cuestionario de elaboración propia y la escala de Evaluación Psicosocial Abreviada (EPsA). El estudio fue aprobado por el comité ético científico. Se realizó análisis bivariado, con un nivel de significancia a = 0,05. Los datos se analizaron con el software estadístico SPSS v.25.0. RESULTADOS: No hubo diferencias en los antecedentes sociodemográficos (edad, nivel socioeconómico, estado civil y escolaridad) entre ambos grupos. Solo las mujeres con parto prematuro mantenían en mayor porcentaje que las gestantes de término un trabajo remunerado (43,4% vs. 25,9%). El estado nutricional y el antecedente de parto prematuro previo no se asociaron a un nuevo parto antes de las 37 semanas. La interrupción por cesárea fue significativamente más frecuente en las gestaciones de pretérmino que en el grupo control (p = 0,0377). CONCLUSIONES: En la población estudiada, las características sociodemográficas de las gestantes no tuvieron relación con el desenlace prematuro de la gestación. Algunos factores biomédicos se relacionan significativamente con este riesgo. Es necesario evaluar la pertinencia de aplicar escalas psicosociales en esta población y enfocar los esfuerzos para promover el control preconcepcional en mujeres con antecedentes de parto prematuro o comorbilidad.

INTRODUCTION: Prematurity is a serious public health problem due to morbidity, mortality and associated costs. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relationship between sociodemographic, obstetric and psychosocial characteristics with the outcome of premature birth versus term births at the Guillermo Grant Benavente Hospital in Concepción, Chile, between the second semester of 2016 and the first semester of 2017. METHOD: Quantitative, observational case-control study. The sample consisted of 85 women with premature delivery and 85 with term delivery. A self-elaborated questionnaire and Abbreviated Psychosocial Assessment scale (EPsA) were used. The study was approved by the scientific ethics committee. Bivariate and multivariate analysis was performed, with a level of significance a = 0.05. The data were analyzed with the statistical software SPSS v.25.0. RESULTS: There were no differences between the sociodemographic antecedents (age, socioeconomic level, marital status and education) between both groups. Only women with preterm birth had a higher percentage of paid work than full-term pregnant women (43.4% vs. 25.9%). Nutritional status and a history of previous preterm birth were not associated with a new delivery before 37 weeks. Interruption by cesarean section was significantly more frequent in preterm pregnancies than in the control group (p = 0.0377). CONCLUSIONS: In the studied population, the sociodemographic characteristics of the pregnant women were not related to the premature outcome of pregnancy. Biomedical factors are significantly related to this risk. It is necessary to evaluate the relevance of applying psychosocial scales in this population and to focus efforts to promote preconception control in women with a history of preterm birth and/or comorbidities.

Factores psicosociales y desempeño docente en un instituto superior tecnológico en Quito, Ecuador / Psychosocial factors and teaching performance at a higher technological institute in Quito, Ecuador

RESUMEN Introducción: los riesgos psicosociales afectan física y mentalmente a los trabajadores. Las condiciones laborales de docentes universitarios implican responsabilidades académicas y administrativas, exponiéndolos a altos niveles de riesgo psicosocial. Objetivo: el objetivo del estudio fue determinar la relación de los factores psicosociales en el desempeño docente, en un instituto superior tecnológico en Quito, Ecuador. Materiales y métodos: se realizó un estudio cuantitativo, observacional, transversal, prospectivo y analítico en una población de 89 docentes. Se aplicó, por su alta confiabilidad, la encuesta de Factores de Riesgo Psicosociales de Silva, para evaluar los factores de riesgo en el trabajo académico. El desempeño docente se midió según la escala de calificación del Ministerio del Trabajo de Ecuador. Se calcularon inferencias y asociaciones a través de la prueba de Chi cuadrado y el odds ratio. Resultados: hubo un 47,2 % del género femenino y un 52,8 % del masculino. Predominó el grupo etario de 31 a 40 años. Entre los factores de riesgo psicosocial predominó el parámetro de exigencias laborales. El 75,3 % presentó riesgo psicosocial medio, no reflejado con el desempeño docente. Conclusiones: se constató la presencia de factores de riesgo psicosociales en los docentes, relacionados con la carga de trabajo, contenido y características de las tareas, entre otros aspectos. Se comprobó que el desempeño docente no se afectó por la presencia de factores de riesgo psicosociales (AU).

ABSTRACT Introduction: psychosocial risks physically and mentally affect workers. The working conditions of university teachers involve academic and administrative responsibilities, exposing them to high levels of psychosocial risk. Objective: the objective of the study was to determine the relationship of psychosocial factors in teaching performance at a higher technological institute in Quito, Ecuador. Materials and methods: a quantitative, observational, transversal, prospective and analytical study was conducted in a population of 89 teachers. Because of its high reliability, the Silva Psychosocial Risk Factors survey was applied to assess risk factors in academic work. The teaching performance was measured according to the rating scale of the Ministry of Labor of Ecuador. Inferences and associations were calculated through the Chi squared test and the odds ratio. Results: 47.2 % of the teachers were women and 52.8 % were men. The 31-40 years old age-group predominated. Among the psychosocial risk factors, the parameters of work requirements predominated. 75.3 % showed average psychosocial risk, not reflected with teaching performance. Conclusions: It was stated the existence of psychosocial risk factors in teachers, related to the workload, content and characteristics of the task, among other aspects. We found that teaching performance was not affected by the presence of psychosocial risk factors (AU).

Autoeficácia ocupacional, fatores de risco psicossocial do trabalho e mal-estar físico e psicológico / Occupational self-efficacy, psychosocial risk factors at work and physical and psychological malaise / Autoeficacia ocupacional, factores de riesgo psicosocial del trabajo y malestar físico e psicológico

Cresce o interesse da gestão de saúde ocupacional em compreender melhor as relações entre fatores de risco psicossociais do trabalho (FRP), o adoecimento e as variáveis que contribuem para esta relação. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar o efeito mediador da autoeficácia ocupacional (AEO) na relação entre FRP e sintomas de mal-estar físico e psicológico (MFP). Os instrumentos utilizados foram uma versão reduzida do COPSOQ II (Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire) e de uma escala de AEO, ambos com evidências de validade para o contexto brasileiro. Trata-se de um estudo transversal de caráter exploratório, do qual participaram 391 trabalhadores industriais. Os resultados indicaram mediação da AEO na explicação da relação entre FRP e MFP. Foram encontradas diferenças em função do sexo, nível educacional, cargo e status do emprego. Adicionalmente, discutem-se implicações teóricas e práticas.

There is growing interest of the occupational health professionals on the relationships among psychosocial risk factors at work (PRF), sickness and the determinants of this relationship. The aim of this study was to assess the mediating effect of occupational self-efficacy (OSE) on the relationship between PRF and symptoms of physical and psychological malaise (PPM). Instruments were an short version of COPSOQ II (Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire) and an OSE scale, both with evidence of validity for the Brazilian context. This is an exploratory cross-sectional study involving 391 industrial workers. Results indicated the mediation of OSE in the explanation of the relationship between PRF and PPM. Also differences according to gender, educational level, job title and employment status were found. Additionally, theoretical and practical implications are discussed.

Crece el interés de la gestión de la salud ocupacional por comprender las relaciones entre factores de riesgo psicosociales del trabajo (FRP), enfermedades y los determinantes de dicha relación. El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar el efecto mediador de la autoeficacia ocupacional (AEO) en la relación entre FRP y síntomas de malestar físico y psicológico (MFP). Se utilizaron una versión corta del COPSOQ II (Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire) y una escala de AEO, ambos con evidencias de validez para el contexto brasileño. Se trata de un estudio transversal exploratorio del cual participaron 391 trabajadores industriales. Los resultados indicaron la mediación de la AEO en la explicación de la relación entre FRP y MFP. Se encontraron diferencias en función del sexo, nivel educativo, cargo y status del empleo. Adicionalmente, se discuten implicaciones teóricas y prácticas.

Improving classification based on physical surface tension-neural net for the prediction of psychosocial-risk level in public school teachers.

BACKGROUND: Psychosocial risks, also present in educational processes, are stress factors particularly critical in state-schools, affecting the efficacy, stress, and job satisfaction of the teachers. This study proposes an intelligent algorithm to improve the prediction of psychosocial risk, as a tool for the generation of health and risk prevention assistance programs. METHODS: The proposed approach, Physical Surface Tension-Neural Net (PST-NN), applied the theory of superficial tension in liquids to an artificial neural network (ANN), in order to model four risk levels (low, medium, high and very high psychosocial risk). The model was trained and tested using the results of tests for measurement of the psychosocial risk levels of 5,443 teachers. Psychosocial, and also physiological and musculoskeletal symptoms, factors were included as inputs of the model. The classification efficiency of the PST-NN approach was evaluated by using the sensitivity, specificity, accuracy and ROC curve metrics, and compared against other techniques as the Decision Tree model, Naïve Bayes, ANN, Support Vector Machines, Robust Linear Regression and the Logistic Regression Model. RESULTS: The modification of the ANN model, by the adaptation of a layer that includes concepts related to the theory of physical surface tension, improved the separation of the subjects according to the risk level group, as a function of the mass and perimeter outputs. Indeed, the PST-NN model showed better performance to classify psychosocial risk level on state-school teachers than the linear, probabilistic and logistic models included in this study, obtaining an average accuracy value of 97.31%. CONCLUSIONS: The introduction of physical models, such as the physical surface tension, can improve the classification performance of ANN. Particularly, the PST-NN model can be used to predict and classify psychosocial risk levels among state-school teachers at work. This model could help to early identification of psychosocial risk and to the development of programs to prevent it.