18-F FDG PET/CT in a Case of Recurrent Pericardial Effusion Diagnosed as Cardiac Sarcoma.

Recurrent pericardial effusion poses a diagnostic challenge, especially in young patients. We present a case of a 22-year-old female who experienced recurrent pericardial effusion and cardiac tamponade. Despite initial treatment with anti-tubercular drugs and prednisolone, the patient had a relapse of symptoms, necessitating further investigation. Imaging studies revealed massive pericardial effusion with septations, suggestive of constrictive pericarditis with impending cardiac tamponade. To establish a definitive diagnosis, the patient underwent an FDG PET-CT scan after adhering to a specific dietary regimen. The scan revealed an ill-defined mediastinal mass with high metabolic activity, along with a gross pericardial effusion showing metabolic activity in the periphery and septations. Subsequent biopsy of the mediastinal mass confirmed a diagnosis of high-grade sarcoma.Primary malignant cardiac tumors are rare, and their prognosis is generally poor due to limited treatment options. While echocardiography and MRI are commonly used imaging techniques, FDG PET-CT is not routinely employed for evaluating cardiac tumors. However, in this case, FDG PET-CT played a crucial role in identifying the mediastinal mass and confirming the diagnosis.Early detection and accurate diagnosis of cardiac tumors are vital for initiating appropriate treatment strategies. Further studies are needed to explore the utility of FDG PET-CT in the evaluation of cardiac tumors, especially in cases of recurrent pericardial effusion.

Uterine Leiomyosarcoma in a 22-Year-Old Young Woman: A Case Report.

Leiomyosarcoma is one of the rarest types of gynecological cancer. It is a relatively rare condition that affects young women. The most frequent symptom of this disease is vaginal bleeding. The primary treatment for localized disease is still surgical intervention. It is widely recognized that leiomyosarcoma has a poor prognosis, with reduced survival rates and a high likelihood of early recurrence. This report presents a case of uterine leiomyosarcoma in a 22-year-old female patient. Following a total hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, the diagnosis of leiomyosarcoma was confirmed through a histopathological examination of the surgical specimen.

Case report: Splenic inflammatory pseudotumor-like follicular dendritic cell sarcoma (IPT-like FDCS): a trial of immunotherapy and review of the literature.

Inflammatory pseudotumor-like follicular dendritic cell sarcoma (IPT-like FDCS) is a rare malignancy with fewer than 150 cases in the literature. IPT-like FDCS follows an indolent course with most cases definitively managed with surgical resection. We present a case of IPT-like FDCS with multiple recurrences with a trial of immunotherapy. The patient initially presented with splenic involvement requiring splenectomy, subsequently recurring in the liver requiring hepatic resections. Afterwards, there was recurrence with pelvic/small bowel involvement for which treatment was trialed with ipilimumab and nivolumab. The patient progressed despite dual immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy requiring a small bowel resection. To date, this is the first case of immunotherapy use in IPT-like FDCS. Therefore, more evidence is needed to support additional treatments in recurrent IPT-like FDCS after resection.

The whole transcriptome analysis using FFPE and fresh tissue samples identifies the molecular fingerprint of osteosarcoma.

Osteosarcoma is a form of bone cancer that predominantly impacts osteoblasts, the cells responsible for creating fresh bone tissue. Typical indications include bone pain, inflammation, sensitivity, mobility constraints, and fractures. Utilising imaging techniques such as X-rays, MRI scans, and CT scans can provide insights into the size and location of the tumour. Additionally, a biopsy is employed to confirm the diagnosis. Analysing genes with distinct expression patterns unique to osteosarcoma can be valuable for early detection and the development of effective treatment approaches. In this research, we comprehensively examined the entire transcriptome and pinpointed genes with altered expression profiles specific to osteosarcoma. The study mainly aimed to identify the molecular fingerprint of osteosarcoma. In this study, we processed 90 FFPE samples from PathWest with an almost equal number of osteosarcoma and healthy tissues. RNA was extracted from Paraffin-embedded tissue; RNA was sequenced, the sequencing data was analysed, and gene expression was compared to the healthy samples of the same patients. Differentially expressed genes in osteosarcoma-derived samples were identified, and the functions of those genes were explored. This result was combined with our previous studies based on FFPE and fresh samples to perform a meta-analysis. We identified 1,500 identical differentially expressed genes in PathWest osteosarcoma samples compared to normal tissue samples of the same patients. Meta-analysis with combined fresh tissue samples identified 530 differentially expressed genes. IFITM5, MMP13, PANX3, and MAGEA6 were some of the most overexpressed genes in osteosarcoma samples, while SLC4A1, HBA1, HBB, AQP7 genes were some of the top downregulated genes. Through the meta-analysis, 530 differentially expressed genes were identified to be identical among FFPE (105 FFPE samples) and 36 fresh bone samples. Deconvolution analysis with single-cell RNAseq data confirmed the presence of specific cell clusters in FFPE samples. We propose these 530 DEGs as a molecular fingerprint of osteosarcoma.

Disseminated AIDS-associated Kaposi sarcoma without cutaneous involvement: a case report and review of literature.

Disseminated AIDS-associated Kaposi sarcoma (KS) without cutaneous lesions is rare and can present in varying ways. Diagnosis is even more challenging now when incidence of KS is on the decline. A high index of suspicion is required for early diagnosis and treatment. Therefore, the medical literature should be made aware of any manifestations of KS that can occur without the typical cutaneous lesions. A 23-year-old presented with worsening cervical lymphadenopathy, recurrent cough and bilateral leg swelling of a month duration. Examination revealed features of pericardial effusion, pulmonary fibrosis, necrotizing cervical lymphadenopathy and the presence of pityriasis rotunda at the periumbilical region. Patient was diagnosed human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive 6 months before she presented and was placed on antiretroviral therapy. Histology confirmed AIDS-associated KS. However, patient died before commencement of chemotherapy. The clinical course of disseminated AIDS-associated KS without cutaneous lesions can be atypical and aggressive. It is important to include KS in the differential diagnosis of cases with atypical or persistence/recurrence of clinical symptoms in spite of treatment especially in HIV patients.

Preoperative sequential chemotherapy and hypofractionated radiotherapy combined with comprehensive surgical resection for high-risk soft tissue sarcomas: a retrospective study.

Introduction: The management of soft tissue sarcomas presents considerable therapeutic challenges. This study was designed to assess the efficacy of neoadjuvant sequential chemotherapy and hypofractionated radiotherapy in conjunction with extensive surgical resection for the treatment of high-risk soft tissue sarcomas. Materials and methods: We performed a retrospective review of 31 high-risk soft tissue sarcoma patients treated at our institution from June 2021 to June 2023. The cohort consisted of 21 males and 10 females with a mean age of 55.7 years and included both initial and recurrent disease presentations. Our treatment regimen comprised two to three cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy coupled with hypofractionated radiotherapy, delivered at 5 Gy per fraction to a total dose of 25-35 Gy across 5-7 days, prior to surgical resection aimed at achieving wide margins. Data collection was systematic, covering surgical outcomes, chemoradiotherapy-related complications, and prognostic factors. Results: All patients completed the prescribed course of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. 29% patients experienced grade 3+ chemotherapy toxicity, necessitating a reduction or interruption in their chemotherapy regimen. Limb preservation was accomplished in 30 patients finally. Response evaluation using RECIST 1.1 criteria post-neoadjuvant therapy revealed 9.7% with PD, 58.1% with SD, 29% with a PR, and 3.2% with a CR, culminating in an ORR of 32.2%. Postoperative complications included superficial wound infections in four patients and deep incisional infections in another four. 6 patients had developed metastasis, and 3 patients were still alive. Two experienced local recurrence. One-year DFS was 79.3%, with a one-year OS rate of 89.6%. Conclusion: Neoadjuvant sequential chemotherapy and hypofractionated radiotherapy followed by extensive surgical resection represents an effective treatment paradigm for high-risk soft tissue sarcomas. This multimodal approach not only facilitates tumor reduction but also significantly reduces the risks of local recurrence and distant metastasis.

Apatinib manifests an unexpectedly favorable outcome in the management of axillary lymph node follicular dendritic cell sarcoma: a case report.

We present a case of follicular dendritic cell sarcoma in the axillary lymph node, which unexpectedly showed favorable outcomes after the application of apatinib. Follicular Dendritic Cell Sarcoma (FDCS) exhibits a rare incidence and an unclear pathogenic mechanism, contributing to the limited breakthroughs in its treatment to date within the medical field. The current mainstream therapeutic approaches include surgery, CHOP(cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, prednisone), ICE(ifosfamide, carboplatin, etoposide), ABVD(doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, dacarbazine), and immune checkpoint inhibitors. A 38-year-old male patient was admitted to the hospital due to a lump in the right axilla and underwent surgical treatment. Postoperative pathology confirmed the diagnosis of follicular dendritic cell sarcoma. Two months post-surgery, he faced a recurrence, prompting a subsequent surgical intervention complemented by tumor radiofrequency ablation. Despite these interventions, the treatment response was suboptimal. Subsequently, the patient was treated with the CHOP regimen, but after two cycles, he developed bone metastasis. Due to the patient's limited financial resources and refusal of immunotherapy, we switched to a regimen of gemcitabine and docetaxel, but the disease progressed again after two cycles. A one-cycle trial of albumin-bound paclitaxel yielded unsatisfactory results. Ultimately, the patient was treated with Apatinib, achieving a 10-month progression-free survival. Due to the patient's limited financial circumstances, we, in the absence of guideline recommendations and evidence from evidence-based medicine, achieved a 10-month progression-free survival (PFS) solely based on experiential use of the anti-angiogenic drug, Apatinib. The purpose of this case report is to provide additional therapeutic options for FDCS treatment and to pave the way for exploring the mechanism of action of Apatinib in FDCS.

Complete Response to Pembrolizumab in Stage IV Alveolar Soft Part Sarcoma After Failure of Four Lines of Treatment: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Alveolar soft part sarcoma (ASPS) is a rare malignant tumor that manifests as a slow-growing soft tissue mass and frequently presents with distant metastasis. The prognosis is variable, and complete remission of metastatic disease has rarely been reported. Our patient was diagnosed with metastatic ASPS at the age of 17, with a primary forearm lesion and metastasis to the lungs. She underwent surgical resection of her forearm mass, followed by adjuvant chemotherapy and radiation to target the lung metastasis. Over the next decade, she had a complicated course of treatment. Her disease continued to slowly progress despite treatment with sunitinib, pazopanib, and a combination of docetaxel and gemcitabine. We eventually treated her with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Pembrolizumab, initially in combination with bevacizumab and later as monotherapy, resulted in significant tumor shrinkage, especially in the pulmonary lesions, within the first three months. Subsequent imaging reported complete remission within 15 months and no disease recurrence at her three-year follow-up. Our case highlights one of the very few reported cases of complete remission achieved in metastatic ASPS after treatment with ICIs. ICIs could offer hope for disease remission in advanced ASPS, a rare malignancy that has proven difficult to treat successfully in the past. More studies need to be conducted to further evaluate the efficacy and any associated predictors of successful treatment.

Comparison of clinical outcome between surgical treatment and particle beam therapy for pelvic bone sarcomas: A retrospective multicenter study in Japan.

BACKGROUND: Few studies have compared the clinical outcomes of patients with pelvic bone sarcomas treated surgically and those treated with particle beam therapy. This is a multicenter retrospective cohort study which compared the clinical outcomes of patients with pelvic bone sarcoma who underwent surgical treatment and particle beam therapy in Japan. METHODS: A total of 116 patients with pelvic bone sarcoma treated at 19 specialized sarcoma centers in Japan were included in this study. Fifty-seven patients underwent surgery (surgery group), and 59 patients underwent particle beam therapy (particle beam group; carbon-ion radiotherapy: 55 patients, proton: four patients). RESULTS: The median age at primary tumor diagnosis was 52 years in the surgery group and 66 years in the particle beam group (P < 0.001), and the median tumor size was 9 cm in the surgery group and 8 cm in the particle beam group (P = 0.091). Overall survival (OS), local control (LC), and metastasis-free survival (MFS) rates were evaluated using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared among 116 patients with bone sarcoma (surgery group, 57 patients; particle beam group, 59 patients). After propensity score matching, the 3-year OS, LC, and MFS rates were 82.9% (95% confidence interval [CI], 60.5-93.2%), 66.0% (95% CI, 43.3-81.3%), and 78.4% (95% CI, 55.5-90.5%), respectively, in the surgery group and 64.9% (95% CI, 41.7-80.8%), 86.4% (95% CI, 63.3-95.4%), and 62.6% (95% CI, 38.5-79.4%), respectively, in the particle beam group. In chordoma patients, only surgery was significantly correlated with worse LC in the univariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS: The groups had no significant differences in the OS, LC, and MFS rates. Among the patients with chordomas, the 3-year LC rate in the particle beam group was significantly higher than in the surgery group.

High Expression of miR-218-5p in the Peripheral Blood Stream and Tumor Tissues of Pediatric Patients with Sarcomas.

Sarcomas are malignant tumors that may metastasize and the course of the disease is highly aggressive in children and young adults. Because of the rare incidence of sarcomas and the heterogeneity of tumors, there is a need for non-invasive diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in sarcomas. The aim of the study was to investigate the level of miR-218-5p in peripheral blood and tumor tissue samples of Ewing's sarcoma, osteosarcoma, spindle cell sarcoma patients, and healthy controls, and assessed whether the corresponding molecule was a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker. The study was performed patients (n = 22) diagnosed and treated with Ewing's sarcoma and osteosarcoma and in a control group of 22 healthy children who were matched for age, gender, and ethnicity with the patient group. The expression level of miR-218-5p in RNA samples from peripheral blood and tissue samples were analyzed using the RT-PCR and the expression level of miR-218-5p was evaluated by comparison with the levels in patients and healthy controls. The expression level of miR-218-5p was found to be statistically higher (3.33-fold, p = 0.006) in pediatric patients with sarcomas and when the target genes of miR-218-5p were investigated using the bioinformatics tools, the miR-218-5p was found as an important miRNA in cancer. In this study, the miR-218-5p was shown for the first time to have been highly expressed in the peripheral blood and tumor tissue of sarcoma patients. The results suggest that miR-218-5p can be used as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in sarcomas and will be evaluated as an important therapeutic target.

A clinical tool to predict overall survival of elderly patients with soft tissue sarcoma after surgical resection.

With the aging world population, the incidence of soft tissue sarcoma (STS) in the elderly gradually increases and the prognosis is poor. The primary goal of this research was to analyze the relevant risk factors affecting the postoperative overall survival in elderly STS patients and to provide some guidance and assistance in clinical treatment. The study included 2,353 elderly STS patients from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. To find independent predictive variables, we employed the Cox proportional risk regression model. R software was used to develop and validate the nomogram model to predict postoperative overall survival. The performance and practical value of the nomogram were evaluated using calibration curves, the area under the curve, and decision curve analysis. Age, tumor primary site, disease stage, tumor size, tumor grade, N stage, and marital status, are the risk variables of postoperative overall survival, and the prognostic model was constructed on this basis. In the two sets, both calibration curves and receiver operating characteristic curves showed that the nomogram had high predictive accuracy and discriminative power, while decision curve analysis demonstrated that the model had good clinical usefulness. A predictive nomogram was designed and tested to evaluate postoperative overall survival in elderly STS patients. The nomogram allows clinical practitioners to more accurately evaluate the prognosis of individual patients, facilitates the progress of individualized treatment, and provides clinical guidance.

The prediagnostic general practitioner care of sarcoma patients: A real-world data study.

BACKGROUND: Limited understanding exists regarding early sarcoma symptoms presented during general practitioner (GP) consultations. The study explores GP visit patterns and recorded diagnoses in the 12 months preceding sarcoma diagnosis. METHODS: Sarcoma cases diagnosed from 2010 to 2020 were identified through the Netherlands Cancer Registry alongside general practice data. Sarcoma cases were age and gender matched to cancer-free controls (2:1 or 1:1 ratio). RESULTS: A total of 787 individuals with soft-tissue sarcoma (STS) and 188 individuals with bone sarcoma (BS) were identified. There was a significant difference in monthly GP contacts from 4 months to the last month before STS diagnosis, and 2 months before BS diagnosis between cases and controls. Most prevalent diagnoses recorded by the GP for STS cases included musculoskeletal neoplasm (26.6%), uncomplicated hypertension (15.6%), and cystitis/other urinary infections (12.2%). For BS cases, musculoskeletal neoplasm (42.8%), knee symptoms/complaints (9.7%), and shoulder symptoms/complaints (9.7%) were most frequent. CONCLUSIONS AND DISCUSSION: A significant difference in GP contacts between cases and controls preceding sarcoma diagnosis. STS cases were predominantly diagnosed with nonspecific symptoms, whereas BS cases with diagnoses more suggestive of BS. Better understanding of the prediagnostic trajectory could aid GPs in early identification of sarcoma.

Desmoplastic Small Round Cell Tumor as a Rare Cause of an Incarcerated Epigastric Linea Alba Hernia: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Desmoplastic small round cell tumor is a very rare soft tissue sarcoma with a bleak prognosis and short patient survival. The most common occurrence is in 20-30-year-old men. Our study presents the case report of a 40-year-old patient who was diagnosed with this sarcoma. The first symptom of the illness was an incarcerated epigastric hernia with sarcoma metastasis resembling an intestinal loop in an ultrasound image. The fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) method showed a fusion of the EWS and WT1 genes. Systemic palliative chemotherapy using the VDC-IE (vincristine, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide, and etoposide) regimen was chosen instead of further surgery due to the disease's generalization. However, the therapy failed to halt the disease progression and was thus terminated after 18 months. The patient's overall survival was 19 months. The rare character of this disease complicates the diagnostics in clinical practice. Nevertheless, rare sarcomas should be considered in patients with non-specific abdominal symptoms, including patients with incarcerated ventral hernia.

Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis Caused by Eribulin.

Eribulin, a chemotherapy drug classified as a microtubule inhibitor, is known to target cell microtubule structures, impeding cancer cell growth and spread. This paper discusses a rare case of toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) induced by eribulin in a patient with angiosarcoma, marking it as an uncommon adverse reaction. This patient developed severe mucosal and skin lesions after the third dose of eribulin. Laboratory tests and a skin biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of TEN. The patient responded well to steroid therapy, although skin eruptions reoccurred with further eribulin treatment. This case highlights the need for further study on the immunological effects of eribulin, especially concerning severe drug eruptions potentially related to its impact on microtubule dynamics and immune cell functions.

The Impact of DNA Tumor Viruses in low-to-middle income countries (LMICS): a literature review.

DNA viruses are common in the human population and act as aetiological agents of cancer on a large scale globally. They include the human papillomaviruses (HPV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), hepatitis viruses, and human polyomaviruses. Oncogenic viruses employ different mechanisms to induce cancer. Notably, cancer only develops in a minority of individuals who are infected, usually following protracted years of chronic infection. The human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are associated with the highest number of cancer cases, including cervical cancer and other epithelial malignancies. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and the RNA virus hepatitis C (HCV) are significant contributors to hepatocellular cancer (HCC). Other oncoviruses include Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpes virus (KSHV), human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV-I), and Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV). The identification of these infectious agents as aetiological agents for cancer has led to reductions in cancer incidence through preventive interventions such as HBV and HPV vaccination, HPV-DNA based cervical cancer screening, antiviral treatments for chronic HBV and HCV infections, and screening of blood for transfusion for HBV and HCV. Successful efforts to identify additional oncogenic viruses in human cancer may provide further understanding of the aetiology and development of cancer, and novel approaches for prevention and treatment. Cervical cancer, caused by HPV, is the leading gynaecological malignancy in LMICs, with high age-standardised incidence and mortality rates, HCC due to HBV is an important cause of cancer deaths, and the burden of other cancer attributable to infections continues to rise globally; hence cancers attributable to DNA viruses have become a significant global health challenge. These viruses hence warrant continued attention and interrogation as efforts to understand them further and device further preventive interventions are critical.

MUC5AC immunoreactivity in scattered tumor cells is useful for diagnosing CIC-rearranged sarcoma.

CIC-rearranged sarcoma is an aggressive round cell sarcoma, and an alternative ATXN1/ATXN1L fusion has been reported. Diagnosis may be difficult, and molecular assays may suffer from imperfect sensitivity. Characteristic histology and ETV4 immunohistochemical positivity are diagnostically helpful. However, ETV4 staining is unavailable in most laboratories. Here, we explored the diagnostic utility of MUC5AC immunohistochemistry in CIC-rearranged sarcomas. All 30 cases, except one, of CIC-rearranged sarcomas and 2 ATXN1-rearranged sarcomas were positive for MUC5AC, although the number of immunopositive cells was generally low (< 5%) in most samples, representing a characteristic scattered pattern. The only MUC5AC-negative case had the lowest tumor volume. Among the 110 mimicking round cell malignancies, 12 tumors showed MUC5AC positivity, including occasional cases of synovial sarcoma and small cell carcinoma, whereas the remaining 98 samples were negative. Despite its lower specificity than that of ETV4 and sparse reactivity that requires careful interpretation, MUC5AC may serve as a useful marker for CIC/ATXN1-rearranged sarcoma because of its wider accessibility.

Soft-tissue sarcoma in Japan: National Cancer Registry-based analysis from 2016 to 2019.

BACKGROUND: No previous reports have characterized national profiles of soft-tissue sarcoma overall. We examined the nationwide statistics for soft-tissue sarcoma in Japan using data from the population-based National Cancer Registry. METHODS: We identified 23 522 soft-tissue-sarcoma patients who were entered in the National Cancer Registry during 2016-19 using International Classification of Diseases-Oncology, Third Edition codes for cancer topography and morphology. We extracted data on patient demographics, tumor details (reason for diagnosis, tumor location, histology, extent of disease), hospital volume/type, treatment, and prognosis for each patient. RESULTS: Soft-tissue sarcoma showed a slight male preponderance. Approximately 5500-6000 new cases were diagnosed as soft-tissue sarcoma per year, with the age-adjusted incidence of soft-tissue sarcoma being 3.22/100000/year. The age distribution showed a single peak in the 70-79 age range, and sex-stratified data showed it was higher in men. The most common histologic subtype was liposarcoma. The most frequent tumor locations were the soft tissue and skin, followed by the retroperitoneum. Extent of disease was categorized as: "localized" (31.3%), "regional" (38.9%), or "distant" (10.5%). We found significant associations between overall survival and sex, age, tumor location, facility type, hospital volume, reason for diagnosis, extent of disease, and surgical treatment. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study to outline the epidemiology, clinical features, treatment, prognosis, and significant factors affecting prognosis of soft-tissue sarcoma in Japan using the National Cancer Registry. Documenting our data regarding elderly patients' outcomes is essential so other countries showing similar population-aging trends can learn from our experiences. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Prognostic studies, Level III.

HHV-8-associated diseases in transplantation: A case report and narrative review focused on diagnosis and prevention.

BACKGROUND: Human herpes virus 8 (HHV-8) or Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus (KSHV) is an opportunistic oncovirus that causes multiple pathologic entities. METHODS: We present a case of fatal HHV-8-associated multisystem illness with disseminated Kaposi sarcoma and HHV8-associated lymphoproliferative disorder with systemic inflammation. We conducted a narrative review of the literature on HHV-8 in transplantation with a goal of illuminating the spectrum of HHV-8-associated diseases in this vulnerable population, modes of disease transmission, and the potential role for donor and recipient screening. RESULTS: HHV-8-associated KS, primary effusion lymphoma (PEL), multicentric Castleman disease (MCD), and KSHV inflammatory cytokine disorder (KICS) may affect transplant recipients; with the exception of KS, these conditions are rare but carry high morbidity and mortality. CONCLUSION: HHV-8-associated diseases have diverse and protean manifestations in transplant recipients, with potentially fatal outcomes. HHV-8 seroprevalence among organ donors and the magnitude of risk for donor-derived HHV-8 infection or clinically significant disease remain unknown and require further study.