[Risk factors associated with different types of Henoch-Schönlein purpura in Tibetan patients at high altitude].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the risk factors of different types of Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) in Tibetan patients at high altitude, as to provide reference for correctly identifying high-risk patients. METHODS: A retrospective study was used to analyze the 304 HSP patients admitted to Tibet Autonomous Region People's Hospital from April 2014 to March 2022. The gender, age, allergic history, family history, clinical type, laboratory indexes (hemoglobin, platelet count, eosinophil, C-reactive protein (CRP), albumin, immunoglobulin G, immunoglobulin A, complement C3 and C4) were analyzed retrospectively. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis to screen for risk factors affecting different types of HSP. RESULTS: Renal HSP patients showed higher IgA [(9.2±1.7) g/L vs. (6.4±2.4) g/L, P=0.015], lower complement C3 [(203.3±21.6) mg/dL vs. (301.1±19.5) mg/dL, P=0.043], and complement C4 [(33.5±2.3) mg/dL vs. (53.0±7.2) mg/dL, P=0.032]. The patients with abdominal HSP showed lower levels of hemoglobin [(119.6±19.6) g/L vs. (146.6±47.3) g/L, P=0.038] and plasma albumin [24.8 (22.1, 33.9) g/L vs. 32.6 (24.6, 35.1) g/L, P=0.045]. The patients with articular HSP exhibited higher CRP [13.5 (0.2, 20.6) g/L vs. 7.5 (0.1, 15.2) g/L, P=0.036] and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) [24 (5, 40) mm/h vs. 15 (4, 30) mm/h, P=0.049]. Elevated IgA and decreased complement C4 were risk factors for renal HSP, anemia and decreased plasma albumin were risk factors for abdominal HSP, and elevated CRP was a risk factor for articular HSP. CONCLUSION: The clinical characteristics of different types of HSP in plateau areas were different. Patients with high IgA, low complement C4, anemia, hypoalbuminemia, and significantly elevated CRP should be highly vigilant. Early and effective intervention can improve the clinical efficacy, avoid severe development, and improve the prognosis.

Manifestaciones subclínicas de trastornos alimentarios en futbolistas / Manifestações subclínicas de distúrbios alimentares em jogadores de futebol / Subclinical manifestations of eating disorders in football players

El objetivo de esta investigación fue describir distintos perfiles subclínicos relacionados con riesgo de desarrollar un trastorno alimentario (TA) en futbolistas de ambos sexos. Para ello, 95 jugadores (58 hombres y 37 mujeres; media de edad M=22.9 DT=5.7) de 11 equipos de las Federaciones Territoriales de Fútbol de España; 25 de categoría juvenil y 70 senior, cumplimentaron el cuestionario de hábitos alimentarios del deportista (CHAD), la escala de medición de la identidad deportiva (AIMS), el inventario de perfeccionismo multidimensional en el deporte en competición (MIPS), la escala de impulsividad estado (EIE), la escala de dificultades de regulación emocional (DERS) y el cuestionario de satisfacción (CS) con el peso, la imagen corporal, la capacidad física, el talento técnico y el rendimiento. Se realizaron análisis descriptivo, comparativo y correlacional. Los resultados mostraron que el 22% de los deportistas presentaban hábitos alimentarios con riesgo de desarrollar TA, diferenciándose por puntajes altos en perfeccionismo e identidad deportiva respecto a los demás. Los hábitos alimentarios con riesgo de TA referidos al miedo a engordar o el malestar psicológico asociado al peso y la figura, presentaban correlación positiva con identidad deportiva (p<.001), perfeccionismo (p<.001) y dificultad en regulación emocional (p<.05); y correlación negativa con satisfacción manifiesta con el peso, la imagen corporal y la capacidad física (p<.001), Estos últimos tuvieron correlación negativa con la dificultad en regulación emocional (p<.001) y correlación positiva con satisfacción con el talento y el rendimiento (p<.05). Los perfiles subclínicos presentaron, por porcentaje de aparición: dificultad en la regulación emocional en un 45%, identidad deportiva en un 31%, perfeccionismo en un 27% e impulsividad en 27%. (AU)

The aim of this research was to describe different subclinical profiles related to risk of developing an eating disorder (ED) in male and female football players. For this purpose, 95 players (58 males and 37 females; mean age M=22.9 SD=5. 7) from 11 teamsof the Spanish Territorial Football Federations; 25 youth and 70 seniors, completed the questionnaire of eating habits of the athlete (CHAD), the sport identity measurement scale (AIMS), the multidimensional perfectionism inventory in competitive sport (MIPS), the state impulsivity scale (EIE), thedifficulties of emotional regulation scale (DERS) and the satisfaction questionnaire (CS) with weight, body image, physical ability, technical talent and performance. Descriptive, comparative and correlational analyses were performed. The results showed that 22% of the athletes had eating habits at risk of developing AT, differentiated by high scores in perfectionism and sport identity compared to the others. Eating habits with risk of AT referred to fear of gaining weight or psychological discomfort associated with weight and shape were positively correlated with sport identity (p<.001), perfectionism (p<.001) and difficulty in emotional regulation (p<.05); and negatively correlated with apparent satisfaction with weight, body image and physical ability (p<.001). The latter were negatively correlated with difficulty in emotional regulation (p<.001) and positively correlated with satisfaction with talent and performance (p<.05). The subclinical profiles presented, by percentage of appearance: difficulty in emotional regulation in 45%, sport identity in 31%, perfectionism in 27% and impulsivity in 27%. (AU)

O objectivo desta investigação eradescrever diferentes perfis subclínicos relacionados com o risco de desenvolver um distúrbio alimentar (DE) em jogadores de futebol masculinos e femininos. Para este fim, 95 jogadores (58 homens e 37 mulheres; idade média M=22,9 SD=5. 7) de 11 equipas dasFederações Territoriais de Futebol Espanhol; 25 jovens e 70 seniores, preencheram o questionário de hábitos alimentares do atleta (CHAD), a escala de medição da identidade desportiva (AIMS), o inventário de perfeccionismo multidimensional no desporto de competição (MIPS), a escala de impulso estatal (EIE), as dificuldades da escala de regulação emocional (DERS) e o questionário de satisfação (CS) com peso, imagem corporal, capacidade física, talento técnico e desempenho. Foram realizadas análises descritivas, comparativas e correlacionais. Os resultados mostraram que 22% dos atletas tinham hábitos alimentares em risco de desenvolver TA, diferenciados por pontuações elevadas em perfeccionismo e identidade desportiva em comparação com os outros. Os hábitos alimentares com risco de TA referidos ao medo de ganhar peso ou desconforto psicológico associado ao peso e à forma foram positivamente correlacionados com a identidade desportiva (p<.001), o perfeccionismo (p<.001) e a dificuldade na regulação emocional (p<.05); e negativamente correlacionados com a aparente satisfação com o peso, a imagem corporal e a capacidade física (p<.001). Estes últimos foram negativamente correlacionados com a dificuldade na regulação emocional (p<.001) e positivamente correlacionados com a satisfação com o talento e o desempenho (p<.05). Os perfis subclínicos apresentados, por percentagem de aparência: dificuldade na regulação emocional em 45%, identidade desportiva em 31%, perfeccionismo em 27% e impulsividade em 27%. (AU)

Risk factors associated with different types of Henoch-Schönlein purpura in Tibetan patients at high altitude / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the risk factors of different types of Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) in Tibetan patients at high altitude, as to provide reference for correctly identifying high-risk patients.@*METHODS@#A retrospective study was used to analyze the 304 HSP patients admitted to Tibet Autonomous Region People's Hospital from April 2014 to March 2022. The gender, age, allergic history, family history, clinical type, laboratory indexes (hemoglobin, platelet count, eosinophil, C-reactive protein (CRP), albumin, immunoglobulin G, immunoglobulin A, complement C3 and C4) were analyzed retrospectively. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis to screen for risk factors affecting different types of HSP.@*RESULTS@#Renal HSP patients showed higher IgA [(9.2±1.7) g/L vs. (6.4±2.4) g/L, P=0.015], lower complement C3 [(203.3±21.6) mg/dL vs. (301.1±19.5) mg/dL, P=0.043], and complement C4 [(33.5±2.3) mg/dL vs. (53.0±7.2) mg/dL, P=0.032]. The patients with abdominal HSP showed lower levels of hemoglobin [(119.6±19.6) g/L vs. (146.6±47.3) g/L, P=0.038] and plasma albumin [24.8 (22.1, 33.9) g/L vs. 32.6 (24.6, 35.1) g/L, P=0.045]. The patients with articular HSP exhibited higher CRP [13.5 (0.2, 20.6) g/L vs. 7.5 (0.1, 15.2) g/L, P=0.036] and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) [24 (5, 40) mm/h vs. 15 (4, 30) mm/h, P=0.049]. Elevated IgA and decreased complement C4 were risk factors for renal HSP, anemia and decreased plasma albumin were risk factors for abdominal HSP, and elevated CRP was a risk factor for articular HSP.@*CONCLUSION@#The clinical characteristics of different types of HSP in plateau areas were different. Patients with high IgA, low complement C4, anemia, hypoalbuminemia, and significantly elevated CRP should be highly vigilant. Early and effective intervention can improve the clinical efficacy, avoid severe development, and improve the prognosis.