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1.
J Clin Med ; 12(12)2023 Jun 08.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37373605

ABSTRACT

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a leading cause of liver cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and liver-related deaths. It is estimated that 40-74% of patients with hepatitis C will experience at least one extrahepatic manifestation within their lifetime. The finding of HCV-RNA sequences in post-mortem brain tissue raises the possibility that HCV infection may affect the central nervous system and be the source of subtle neuropsychological symptoms, even in non-cirrhotic. Our investigation aimed to evaluate whether asymptomatic, HCV-infected subjects showed cognitive dysfunctions. Twenty-eight untreated asymptomatic HCV subjects and 18 healthy controls were tested using three neuropsychological instruments in a random sequence: Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT), Controlled Oral Word Association Test (COWAT), and Continuous Visual Attention Test (CVAT). We performed depression screening, liver fibrosis assessment, blood tests, genotyping, and HCV-RNA viral load. A MANCOVA and univariate ANCOVAS were performed to examine group differences (HCV vs. healthy controls) in four scores of the CVAT (omission errors, commission errors, reaction time-RT, and variability of RT-VRT), and the scores derived from the SDMT, and the COWAT. A discriminant analysis was performed to identify which test variables effectively discriminate HCV-infected subjects from healthy controls. There were no group differences in the scores of the COWAT, SDMT, and in two variables of the CVAT (omission and commission errors). In contrast, the performance of the HCV group was poorer than the controls in RT (p = 0.047) and VRT (p = 0.046). The discriminant analysis further indicated that the RT was the most reliable variable to discriminate the two groups with an accuracy of 71.7%. The higher RT exhibited by the HCV group may reflect deficits in the intrinsic-alertness attention subdomain. As the RT variable was found to be the best discriminator between HCV patients and controls, we suggest that intrinsic-alertness deficits in HCV patients may affect the stability of response times increasing VRT and leading to significant lapses in attention. In conclusion, HCV subjects with mild disease showed deficits in RT and intraindividual VRT as compared to healthy controls.

2.
Sensors (Basel) ; 23(9)2023 Apr 28.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37177566

ABSTRACT

This paper investigates the degradation caused by interference resulting from cyclic prefix violation and symbol timing offset in narrowband power line communication systems. In this sense, it presents a unified formulation from which Hermitian symmetric orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (HS-OFDM), orthogonal chirp division multiplexing (OCDM), single-carrier cyclic prefix (SCCP), and orthogonal time-frequency division multiplexing (OTFDM) can be easily derived. The paper then provides closed-form expressions for quantifying the aforementioned interference in the presence of a frequency domain equalizer. The numerical analyses exhibit the performances of these schemes under various data communication conditions, such as the availability of channel state information, the presence or absence of interference, modeling of additive noise as a white or colored Gaussian random process, frequency domain equalizer type, and the use of bit and power allocation techniques. The closed-form expressions and performance analyses regarding achievable data rate and bit error probability provide guidance for dealing with distinct constraints in narrowband power line communication (PLC) systems using the HS-OFDM, OCDM, SCCP, or OTFDM scheme. Lastly, the unified formulation and results obtained motivate the design of multi-scheme transceivers.

3.
Junguiana ; 40(2)jul.-dez.2022. ilus.
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS, Index Psychology - journals | ID: biblio-1434714

ABSTRACT

O autor compara a psicoterapia dinâmica exclusivamente verbal e aquela que emprega também técnicas expressivas dentro da perspectiva simbólica e transferencial. Considera que as técnicas expressivas aumentam consideravelmente o potencial da elaboração simbólica, pelo fato de serem ativados em maior extensão e profundidade os significados simbólicos, junto com uma maior possibilidade de vivenciá-los. Compara a técnica menos participativa e mais verbal com a mais participativa e menos verbal e favorece a segunda pela maior produção de significados, maior possibilidade de o terapeuta exercer a sua vocação e a sua criatividade, maior cooperação do paciente na terapia e maior possibilidade da Sombra da terapia (inclusive do terapeuta) surgir e ser elaborada. Chama a atenção para o maior perigo da projeção da Função Transcendente no analista se tornar defensiva com a terapia exclusivamente verbal e interativa. O autor conclui com um aviso sobre a necessidade de precaução no uso das técnicas expressivas, pois exatamente pelo seu poder de energização dos símbolos e das funções psíquicas, elas podem exacerbar as defesas e agravar os quadros clínicos. Na segunda parte, o autor descreve a técnica expressiva das Marionetes do Self e atribui sua originalidade à sua abrangência, que inclui a relação transferencial. Descreve as características das suas peças e da sua montagem. Esclarece que o seu uso pode ser terapêutico e pedagógico para ensino normal ou supervisão. Finalmente, na terceira parte, o autor tece considerações sobre as restrições à participação ativa do consciente na terapia psicodinâmica e as atribui basicamente ao seu redutivismo ao inconsciente, tanto por Freud (o reprimido e o Id) quanto por Jung (inconsciente coletivo). Baseado na proposta de ampliação do conceito de arquétipo para englobar também o consciente e do conceito de símbolo para englobar também o objetivo, o autor propõe a elaboração simbólica igualmente a partir da perspectiva consciente e inconsciente. Em função dessa ampliação, teoriza que as técnicas behavioristas, cognitivas e até mesmo a psicofarmacoterapia podem ser usadas também como técnicas expressivas da psicoterapia dinâmica, ao serem exercidas dentro da perspectiva simbólica e transferencial.


The author compares exclusively verbal dynamic psychotherapy with psychotherapy that also employs expressive techniques within a symbolic and transferential framework. As a result, expressive techniques are considered to substantially increase the potential of symbolic elaboration, due to the fact that symbolic meanings are activated to a greater extent and depth, along with a greater possibility of being experienced. The less participative and more verbal technique is compared with the more participative and less verbal technique and the second one is favored due to a greater production of meanings, a greater possibility for the therapist to exercise their vocation and creativity, the patient's greater cooperation in the therapy and a greater chance of the therapy's (including the therapist's) Shadow arising and being elaborated. Attention is drawn to the great danger of the projection of the Transcendent Function onto the analyst becoming defensive in exclusively verbal and interactive therapy. The author concludes with a warning about the need for caution in the use of expressive techniques, as precisely due to their power to energize symbols and psychic functions, they can exacerbate defenses and worsen clinical conditions. In the second part, the author describes the expressive technique of the Marionettes of the Self and attributes its originality to its scope, which includes the transferential relationship. The characteristics of its parts and its assembly are described and its use recommended for therapeutic and pedagogical purposes in regar teaching or supervision. Finally, in the third part, the author considers the restrictions on the active participation of the conscious in psychodynamic therapy and basically attributes them to its reductionism to the unconscious, both by Freud (repression and the Id) and by Jung (the collective unconscious). Based on the proposal to expand the concept of archetype to also encompass the conscious and the concept of symbol to also encompass the objective dimension, the author proposes the symbolic elaboration from the perspective of both the conscious and the unconscious. Due to this expansion, the author theorizes that behavioral and cognitive techniques and even psychopharmacotherapy may also be used as expressive techniques of dynamic psychotherapy when they are exercised within the symbolic and transferential perspective.


El autor compara la psicoterapia dinámica exclusivamente verbal y la que también emplea técnicas expresivas dentro de la perspectiva simbólica y transferencial. Considera que las técnicas expresivas aumentan considerablemente el potencial de elaboración simbólica, debido a que se activan en mayor medida y profundidad los significados simbólicos, así como una mayor posibilidad de experimentarlos. Compara la técnica menos participativa y más verbal con la técnica más participativa y menos verbal y favorece a la segunda por mayor producción de significados, mayor posibilidad para el terapeuta de ejercer su vocación y su creatividad, mayor cooperación del paciente en la terapia y mayor posibilidad de que la Sombra de la terapia (incluido el terapeuta) surja y se elabore. Llama la atención sobre el mayor peligro de que la proyección de la Función Trascendente sobre el analista se vuelva defensiva con la terapia exclusivamente verbal e interactiva. El autor concluye con una advertencia sobre la necesidad de cautela en el uso de técnicas expresivas, pues precisamente por su poder de dinamización de símbolos y funciones psíquicas, pueden exacerbar las defensas y empeorar el cuadro clínico. En la segunda parte, el autor describe la técnica expresiva de los Títeres del Yo y atribuye su originalidad a su alcance, que incluye la relación transferencial. Describe las características de sus partes y de su montaje. Aclara que su uso puede ser terapéutico y pedagógico para la enseñanza o supervisión normal. Finalmente, en la tercera parte, el autor considera las restricciones a la participación activa del consciente en la terapia psicodinámica y las atribuye básicamente a su reduccionismo al inconsciente, tanto de Freud (lo reprimido y el Id) como de Jung (inconsciente colectivo). Partiendo de la propuesta de ampliar el concepto de arquetipo para abarcar también lo consciente y el concepto de símbolo para abarcar también lo objetivo, el autor propone la elaboración simbólica por igual desde la perspectiva consciente e inconsciente. Debido a esta expansión, teoriza que las técnicas conductistas, cognitivas e incluso la psicofarmacoterapia también pueden ser utilizadas como técnicas expresivas de la psicoterapia dinámica, cuando se ejercen en la perspectiva simbólica y transferencial.


Subject(s)
Ego , Psychological Theory , Psychology , Psychopharmacology , Psychotherapy , Symbolism
4.
Junguiana ; 40(2)jul.-dez.2022.
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS, Index Psychology - journals | ID: biblio-1434712

ABSTRACT

O autor discute a importância de se resgatar a morte como algo natural, tirando-a do interdito em que se encontra. Tenta mostrar o quanto este aspecto cria distorções para a vida, determinando uma série de distúrbios na conduta médica, em especial na abordagem do paciente terminal. Defende a ideia de que é uma doença da nossa cultura ocidental e a situação que leva a esta repressão é negação da morte. Dentro das referências teóricas da Psicologia Analítica de Jung, o autor propõe condutas para se tentar resgatar a vivência simbólica da morte restituindo-se a polaridade dialética Vida-Morte. Defende a proposição de que a vida só pode ter um sentido pleno se não negarmos a morte. Propõe que, como no parto, o progresso da Medicina se harmonize com respeito aos limites da Vida e da personalidade do paciente, frequentemente desrespeitados. Discute a morte como símbolo fundamental dentro do processo de individuação.


The author discusses the importance of readdressing death as something natural, retrieving it from the interdict in which it finds itself. He attempts to show the extent to which this aspect creates distortions to life, determining a series of disorders in medical conduct, especially in the approach to terminally ill patients. He defends the idea that it is a disease of our Western culture and that the situation that leads to this repression is the negation of death. In line with the theoretical references of Jung's Analytical Psychology, the author proposes conducts to try to rescue the symbolic experience of death and restore the life-death dialectical polarity. He supports the proposition that life can only have a full meaning if we do not negate death. He proposes that, as in childbirth, the progress of medicine should harmonize with respect to the limits of life and the patient's personality, which are often disrespected. He discusses death as a fundamental symbol within the individuation process.


El autor discute la importancia de rescatar la muerte como algo natural, sacándola del entredicho en que se encuentra. Intenta mostrar cuánto este aspecto crea distorsiones para la vida, determinando una serie de perturbaciones en la conducta médica, especialmente en el abordaje del paciente terminal. Defiende la idea de que es una enfermedad de nuestra cultura occidental y la situación que lleva a esta represión es la negación de la muerte. Dentro de los referentes teóricos de la Psicología Analítica de Jung, el autor propone conductas para tratar de rescatar la experiencia simbólica de la muerte, restituyendo la polaridad dialéctica Vida-Muerte. Defiende la proposición de que la vida sólo puede tener pleno sentido si no negamos la muerte. Propone que, como en el parto, el progreso de la Medicina debe armonizar respecto a los límites de la Vida y de la personalidad del paciente, que muchas veces son irrespetados. Se habla de la muerte como símbolo fundamental dentro del proceso de individuación.


Subject(s)
Terminally Ill , Pathology , Critical Illness , Death , Individuation
5.
Mol Genet Metab Rep ; 31: 100870, 2022 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35782624

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Although the diurnal fluctuation of motor dysfunction, reversible with small doses of dopamine, is a cornerstone for the phenotype of the autosomal dominant Segawa syndrome, the non-motor symptoms of this neurotransmitter deficiency have still received limited attention. Objective: This study aims to evaluate non-motor symptoms of this dopa-responsive dystonia through an intrafamilial comparative cross-sectional study. Methods: Seventeen individuals with a c.IVS5 + 3insT (c.626 + 3insT) variation in the GTP cyclohydrolase-1 gene (GCH1, HGNC: 4193) and 34 intrafamilial controls were studied using the Beck Depression Inventory-II, the Wiener Matrizen Test 2, the Epworth Sleepiness Scale, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, the MINI/MINI PLUS Questionnaires, the World Health Organization Quality of Life - BREF Instrument and a drug use assessment questionnaire. Results: No significant difference was found between the groups in the prevalence of sleep disorders and in cognitive function. Nevertheless, generalized anxiety disorder (p = 0.050) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in childhood (p = 0.011) were observed only in individuals without the molecular variation. The group with the GCH1 variation presented a worse perception about how safe they feel in their daily lives (p = 0.034), less satisfaction with themselves (p = 0.049) and with their relationships (p = 0.029), and a higher prevalence of past major depressive episodes before use of L-Dopa (p = 0.046). Conclusion: Low dopamine could have been protective against generalized anxiety disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in childhood in Segawa group individuals. The prevalence of depression was higher in individuals with the molecular variant prior to the L-Dopa treatment. Considering it, the penetrance estimates for the variant carriers increased from 58.8% to up to 88% in this large studied family. Additionally, neuropsychiatric tests of all individuals with a molecular diagnosis in an affected family are a valuable instrument for its clinical management.

6.
J Anal Psychol ; 67(2): 518-527, 2022 04.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35856545

ABSTRACT

This article seeks to link art and archetypal psychology in the exploration of the psychic suffering of a population that has been forced to undertake a journey. It speaks of the power exercised by the collective over our psyche. I use a series of bronze sculptures called the bipedal migrant suitcase as a symbol of the migratory process, an image of the journey of those who must venture beyond the veil of the known to the unknown. A journey that addresses mysterious forces that restore the balance lost in the traveller, leading him to a destination that favours the presence of life-or-death forces.


Cet article cherche à relier l'art et la psychologie archétypale dans l'exploration de la souffrance psychique d'une population qui a été forcée d'entreprendre un voyage. Il y est question du pouvoir qu'exerce le collectif sur notre psyché. J'utilise une série de sculptures en bronze intitulée valise du migrant bipède comme symbole du processus de migration, une image représentant le voyage de ceux qui doivent s'aventurer au-delà du voile du connu, vers l'inconnu. Un voyage qui répond aux forces mystérieuses qui restaurent l'équilibre perdu dans le voyageur, l'amenant à une destination qui favorise la présence de forces de vie ou de mort.


El presente artículo intenta vincular arte y psicología arquetipal en la exploración del sufrimiento psíquico de una población forzada a emprender un viaje. Habla del poder ejercido por el colectivo sobre nuestra psique. Utilizo una serie de esculturas de bronce llamadas maleta bípeda migrante como símbolo del proceso migratorio, una imagen del viaje de quienes deben aventurarse más allá del velo de lo conocido hacia lo desconocido. Un viaje que destina fuerzas misteriosas que restauran el balance perdido en el viaje, conduciéndolo a un destino que favorece la presencia de fuerzas de vida o de muerte.


Este artigo busca vincular arte e psicologia arquetípica na exploração do sofrimento psíquico de uma população que foi forçada a realizar uma jornada. Fala do poder exercido pelo coletivo sobre nossa psique. Eu uso uma série de esculturas de bronze chamadas mala bípede migrante como símbolo do processo migratório, uma imagem da jornada daqueles que devem se aventurar além do véu do conhecido pelo desconhecido. Uma jornada que aborda forças misteriosas que restauram o equilíbrio perdido no viajante, levando-o a um destino que favorece a presença de forças de vida ou morte.


Subject(s)
Jungian Theory , Transients and Migrants , Anxiety , Humans , Male
7.
Rev. bras. psicodrama ; 29(3): 237-249, Sept.-Dec. 2021.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS, Index Psychology - journals | ID: biblio-1357169

ABSTRACT

RESUMO O encontro entre Jung e Moreno tem sido objeto de estudo de muitos psicodramatistas contemporâneos. Este artigo efetua uma revisão narrativa de propostas na interface entre psicodrama e psicologia analítica, no objetivo de elaborar uma proposta de aproximação. Foram encontrados autores nos seguintes países: Argentina, Brasil, Suíça, Espanha, Itália, Alemanha, França e Estados Unidos. Baseando-se nesta revisão, foram elaboradas duas categorias consideradas representativas do encontro entre Jung e Moreno: ritual e mitopoese. Propõe-se o símbolo como conceito central para um encontro entre psicodrama e psicologia analítica efetuado na experiência fenomenológica.


ABSTRACT The bridge between Jung and Moreno has been an object of study to many contemporary psychodramatists. This article performs a narrative review of proposals at the interface between psychodrama and analytical psychology with the objective of developing a proposal for bringing psychodrama and analytical psychology closer together. Authors were found in the following countries: Argentina, Brazil, Switzerland, Spain, Italy, Germany, France and the United States. Based on this review, two categories which were found to be representative of the bridge between Jung and Moreno were elaborated: ritual and mythopoesis. The symbol is proposed as a central concept for an encounter between psychodrama and analytical psychology carried out in phenomenological experience.


RESUMEN El encuentro entre Jung y Moreno ha sido objeto de estudio por muchos psicodramatistas contemporáneos. Este artículo realiza una revisión narrativa de proposiciones en la interfaz entre psicodrama y psicología analítica, con el fin de desarrollar una propuesta de aproximación. Se encontraron autores en los siguientes países: Argentina, Brasil, Suiza, España, Italia, Alemania, Francia y Estados Unidos. A partir de esta revisión se elaboraron dos categorías representativas del encuentro entre Jung y Moreno: ritual y mitopoesis. El símbolo se propone como concepto central para un encuentro entre psicodrama y psicología analítica llevado a cabo en la experiencia fenomenológica.

8.
Poiésis (En línea) ; 40(Ene. - Jul.): 73-84, 2021.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1342082

ABSTRACT

Este artículo da cuenta de una investigación realizada en la ciudad de Medellín durante el segundo semestre del 2019 y el primer semestre del 2020 con el objetivo de com-prender los efectos de las imágenes o pictogramas (emojis) en las relaciones de pareja actuales. La investigación fue cualitativa de corte fenomenológico; se diseñó una entre-vista a profundidad como instrumento para la recolección de información y fue aplicada a cuatro informantes que cumplían con los criterios de inclusión en el estudio. Entre los hallazgos se encuentra que los vínculos amorosos se ven permeados por el auge de la tecnología, en tanto es posible su consolidación aun en ausencia física del otro. Además, que los pictogramas adquieren un papel importante en la comunicación de las parejas, en la expresión de sentimientos y emociones, generando interpretaciones subjetivas positivas o negativas en algunos casos. La investigación permite concluir que la comunicación en las relaciones de pareja ha cambiado sustancialmente hoy en día, mutando a formas icónicas, como los pictogramas, forma ahora pragmática para establecer vínculos, lo cual permite la codificación del amor en la virtualidad.


This article reports on a research conducted in the city of Medellín during the second semester of 2019 and the first semester of 2020 with the objective of understanding the effects of images or pictograms (emojis) in current couple relationships. The research was qualitative of phenomenological cut; an in-depth interview was designed as an instrument for the collection of information and was applied to four informants who met the criteria for inclusion in the study. Among the findings is that love bonds are permeated by the rise of technology, since it is possible to consolidate them even in the physical absence of the other. In addition, pictograms acquire an important role in the communication of couples, in the expression of feelings and emotions, generating positive or negative subjective interpretations in some cases. The research allows us to conclude that communication in couple relationships has changed substantially nowadays, mutating to iconic forms, such as pictograms, a now pragmatic way to establish bonds, which allows the codification of love in virtuality.


Subject(s)
Humans , Interpersonal Relations , Internet , Symbolic Interactionism , Object Attachment
9.
Estilos clín ; 25(3): 552-567, maio-dez. 2020.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, Index Psychology - journals | ID: biblio-1286407

ABSTRACT

Este artigo apresenta as principais contribuições de Melanie Klein a respeito da compreensão do processo de formação dos símbolos no psiquismo. Para tanto, inicia-se a discussão pontuando alguns aspectos históricos da clínica e do pensamento kleiniano, ao destacar suas elaborações acerca do processo de aprendizagem e da análise do brincar. Descreve-se, brevemente, a noção de mundo interno e a importância das relações objetais primitivas. Em seguida, discute-se o caso Dick, um paciente supostamente autista atendido por Klein e que foi crucial para a autora repensar as suas práticas de análise e a própria origem da função simbólica. A fim de complementar a discussão, citamos as colaborações de Hanna Segal, psicanalista que estudou o tema com profundidade, tecendo acréscimos originais. Por fim, sugere-se uma possível reflexão sobre a atuação do analista frente à contextos desafiadores.


Este artículo presenta las principales contribuciones de Melanie Klein con respecto a la comprensión del proceso de formación de símbolos en la psique. Con este fin, la discusión comienza puntuando algunos aspectos históricos de la clínica y el pensamiento de Klein, destacando sus elaboraciones sobre el proceso de aprendizaje y el análisis del juego. Se describe brevemente la noción del mundo interno y la importancia de las relaciones objetivas primitivas. Luego, se discute el caso de Dick, un paciente supuestamente autista tratado por Klein y que fue crucial para que la autora reconsiderara sus prácticas de análisis y el origen mismo de la función simbólica. Para complementar la discusión, citamos las colaboraciones de Hanna Segal, una psicoanalista que estudió el tema en profundidad, tejiendo adiciones originales. Finalmente, se sugiere una posible reflexión sobre el desempeño del analista en contextos desafiantes.


This article presents the main contributions of Melanie Klein regarding the understanding of the process of formation of symbols in the psyche. To this end, the discussion begins by punctuating some historical aspects of the clinic and Kleinian thought, by highlighting his elaborations about the learning process and the analysis of playing. The notion of the internal world and the importance of primitive object relations are briefly described. Then, the case of Dick is discussed, a patient supposedly autistic treated by Klein and who was crucial for the author to rethink her analysis practices and the very origin of the symbolic function. In order to complement the discussion, we cite the collaborations of Hanna Segal, a psychoanalyst who studied the topic in depth, weaving original additions. Finally, a possible reflection on the analyst's performance in challenging contexts is suggested.


Cet article présente les principales contributions de Melanie Klein concernant la compréhension du processus de formation des symboles dans la psyché. À cette fin, la discussion commence par ponctuer certains aspects historiques de la clinique et de la pensée kleinienne, en mettant en évidence ses élaborations sur le processus d'apprentissage et l'analyse du jeu. La notion de monde interne et l'importance des relations d'objet primitives sont brièvement décrites. Ensuite, le cas Dick est discuté, un patient soi-disant autiste traité par Klein et qui a été crucial pour l'auteur de repenser ses pratiques d'analyse et l'origine même de la fonction symbolique. Afin de compléter la discussion, nous citons les collaborations de Hanna Segal, une psychanalyste qui a étudié le sujet en profondeur, en tissant des ajouts originaux. Enfin, nous proposons une réflexion possible sur la performance de l'analyste face à des contextes difficiles.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Child, Preschool , Psychoanalysis/history , Symbolism , Child Development
10.
Brain Struct Funct ; 225(8): 2553-2562, 2020 Nov.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32939584

ABSTRACT

The default mode network (DMN) efficient deactivation and suppressed functional connectivity (FC) during goal-directed tasks, which require attentional resources, have been considered essential to healthy brain cognition. However, recent studies have shown that DMN regions do not always show the expected behavior. Then, we aimed to investigate the functional activation and connectivity of DMN nodes in young, healthy controls during a goal-directed task. We used an adaptation of the symbol digit modalities test (SDMT) to evaluate the information processing speed (IPS). Twenty-four subjects (10 women, age: 29 ± 7 years) underwent two functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging experiments: one during resting-state and one during a block-designed SDMT paradigm. We superimposed the templates of the DMN on the group activation map and observed the reorganization of the network. For the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) node of the DMN, which is spatially extensive, comprising the precuneus (dorsal portion) and the posterior cingulate gyrus (PCG, ventral portion), the extent of each region was different between conditions, suggesting different functional roles for them. Therefore, for the functional connectivity (FC) analysis, we split the DMN-PCC region into two regions: left precuneus (BA 7) and PCG. The left precuneus (BA 7) was positively correlated with the left lingual gyrus (BA 17), a task-positive region, and negatively associated with the DMN nodes when comparing task performance with the resting-state condition. The other DMN regions presented the classical antagonistic role during the attentional task. In conclusion, we found that the activation and functional connectivity of the DMN is, in general, suppressed during the information processing. However, the left precuneus BA 7 presented a context-dependent modulatory behavior, working as a transient in-between hub connecting the DMN to task-positive areas. Such findings support studies that show increased activation and excitatory functional connectivity of DMN portions during goal-directed tasks. Moreover, our results may contribute to defining more precise functional correlates of IPS deficits in a wide range of clinical and neurological diseases.


Subject(s)
Brain/diagnostic imaging , Default Mode Network/diagnostic imaging , Nerve Net/diagnostic imaging , Adult , Brain Mapping , Female , Humans , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Male , Neuropsychological Tests , Young Adult
11.
RECIIS (Online) ; 14(2): 502-514, abr.-jun. 2020.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1102936

ABSTRACT

Este artigo volta-se para os processos simbólicos que, frente à iminência do adoecimento e da morte, fazem emergir no imaginário poderosas narrativas que se dinamizam em mitos. Elege, para isso, as imagens simbólicas sobre a lepra que circundam o mito do Papa-Figo ­ criatura fantástica, ele é representado por ricos e poderosos que, contaminados, fariam de tudo para recuperar sua saúde; inclusive consumir vísceras de crianças sequestradas. Em um percurso sincrônico e diacrônico, relacionamos relatos históricos e folclóricos com narrativas contemporâneas: vídeos de exploração à casa da 'viúva Papa-Figo'. Nesta leitura simbólica, exploramos a recorrência dos símbolos de sangue, fígado, poço, poder, dinheiro e de um Outro misterioso, mostrando que o medo da doença e suas consequências físicas e sociais nos movimentam arquetipicamente, despertando relações ancestrais que nos conectam com o plano da experiência humana.


This article is focused on the symbolic processes that, in the face of the imminence of illness and death, make powerful narratives emerge in the imaginary, which are symbolized by myths. For this purpose, we center on the symbolic images on leprosy that surround the Brazilian myth of the Papa-Figo - a fantastic creature represented by the rich and powerful people which were contaminated and would do anything to recover from the illness and back to their health; including consuming the entrails of kidnapped children. In a synchronic and diachronic journey, we related historical and folkloric reports to contemporary narratives: urban exploration videos exploring the abandoned house of the 'Papa-Figo widow'. In this symbolic reading, we explore the recurrence of symbols linked to blood, liver, well, power, money and the mysterious Other, showing that the fear of disease and its physical and social consequences move us archetypically, awakening ancestral relationships that connect us to the experience human level.


Este artículo se centra en los procesos simbólicos que, en vista de la inminencia de la enfermedad y de la muerte, hacen que surjan narrativas poderosas en el imaginario simbolizadas en mitos. Para este propósito, elegimos las imágenes simbólicas sobre la lepra que rodean el mito brasileño llamado Papa-Figo, una criatura fantástica representada por personas ricas y poderosas que, contaminadas con la enfermedad, harían cualquier cosa para recuperar su salud; incluyendo el consumo de las entrañas de niños secuestrados. En un camino sincrónico y diacrónico, relacionamos los relatos históricos y folclóricos con narrativas contemporáneas: vídeos de exploración urbana a la casa de la 'viuda Papa-Figo'. En esta lectura simbólica exploramos la recurrencia de símbolos vinculados a la sangre, al hígado, al pozo, al poder, al dinero y al Otro misterioso, mostrando que el miedo a la enfermedad y sus consecuencias físicas y sociales nos mueven arquetípicamente, despertando relaciones ancestrales por las cuales nos conectamos con el plano de la experiencia humana.


Subject(s)
Humans , Religion and Medicine , Blood , Pandemics , Legendary Creatures , Leprosy , Disease , Narration , Video-Audio Media , Social Media , Liver
12.
Mult Scler Relat Disord ; 42: 102076, 2020 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32361478

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: In relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), no evidence of disease activity-3 (NEDA-3) is defined as the absence of: (1) relapses; (2) disability progression; (3) MRI activity (new/enlarged T2 lesions and/or gadolinium-enhanced T1 lesions). NEDA-4 status is defined as meeting all NEDA-3 criteria plus having an annualized percentage brain volume change (a-PBVC) >-0.4%. In individual patients, brain volume assessment is confounded with normal aging, methodological limitations and fluid-shift related fluctuations in brain volume. Cognitive impairment has been proposed as another component that should be integrated into therapeutic algorithms for RRMS. We aim to determine the proportion of patients failing to meet NEDA-4 criteria and to appraise whether the Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) is capable of replacing a-PBVC as one of the components of NEDA-4. We hypothesize that NEDA-4 has the potential to capture the impact of DMT therapies in RRMS. METHODS: Forty-five patients were prospectively followed 1 and 2 years after their baseline assessment at the University of Chile Hospital. SIENA software was used to assess a-PBVC. RESULTS: At baseline, the patients had a mean age of 33.0 years (range 18-57), disease duration of 1.9 years (0.4-4), Expanded Disability Status Scale score of 1.3 (0-4), and 67% were female. The majority had RRMS (91% while 9% had clinically isolated syndrome (CIS)). Seventy-three percent were on the so-called first line DMTs such as interferons (53%), glatiramer acetate (13%), teriflunomide (9%), and 18% were on fingolimod. There was a serial decline in the proportion of NEDA: after 1 and 2 years of follow-up 60% and 47% met NEDA-3 status, and 38% and 27% met NEDA-4, respectively. At the last follow-up 21% remained on interferons, 47% were now on fingolimod, 4% on alemtuzumab and 2% on natalizumab. At year 1 and year 2, with the replacement of a-PBVC by SDMT, 53% and 40% of patients achieved a putative NEDA-4 status, respectively. CONCLUSION: Brain volumetric MRI has yet to be translated into clinical practice and SDMT may qualify as the fourth component of NEDA-4 definition. NEDA-4 has the potential to capture the impact of DMT therapies in RRMS earlier in the disease course of RRMS.


Subject(s)
Brain/pathology , Cognitive Dysfunction/diagnosis , Disease Progression , Immunologic Factors/administration & dosage , Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting/diagnosis , Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting/drug therapy , Neuropsychological Tests , Outcome Assessment, Health Care , Adolescent , Adult , Atrophy/pathology , Brain/diagnostic imaging , Chile , Cognitive Dysfunction/etiology , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Male , Middle Aged , Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting/complications , Young Adult
13.
Brain Connect ; 10(3): 143-154, 2020 04.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32183565

ABSTRACT

Human cognition and behavior emerge from neuronal interactions on a brain structural architecture. The convergence (or divergence) between functional dynamics and structural connectivity (SC) and their relationship with cognition are still a pivotal question about the brain. We focused on the information processing speed (IPS), assessed by the Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT), once delayed IPS underlies attention deficits in various clinical conditions. We hypothesize that the SC constrains but does not determine functional connectivity, and such a relationship is related to the cognitive performance. Blood oxygenation level-dependent and diffusion tensor images of healthy young volunteers were acquired in a 3T magnetic resonance imaging machine. Activation maps included the left and right middle frontal gyri, left superior parietal lobule, left precuneus, left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), right cuneus, left lingual gyrus, and left declive. A network involving such regions and signal propagation from visual, through cognitive, up to motor regions was proposed. Random effects Bayesian model selection showed that the top-down connections have the highest expected and exceedance probabilities. Moreover, all pairs of task-related regions were connected by at least one tract, except for the left declive with the left IFG. The interactions between the right cuneus with left declive were related to the interindividual variability in SDMT performance. Altogether, our findings suggest that the IPS functional network is related to the highest SDMT scores when its effective endogenous connections are suppressed to the detriment of modulation caused by the experimental conditions, with the underlying structure providing low diffusion environments.


Subject(s)
Attention/physiology , Cerebellar Vermis , Cerebral Cortex , Connectome , Motor Activity/physiology , Nerve Net , Pattern Recognition, Visual/physiology , Psychomotor Performance/physiology , Adolescent , Adult , Cerebellar Vermis/anatomy & histology , Cerebellar Vermis/diagnostic imaging , Cerebellar Vermis/physiology , Cerebral Cortex/anatomy & histology , Cerebral Cortex/diagnostic imaging , Cerebral Cortex/physiology , Connectome/methods , Diffusion Tensor Imaging , Female , Humans , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Male , Nerve Net/anatomy & histology , Nerve Net/diagnostic imaging , Nerve Net/physiology , Neuropsychological Tests , White Matter/anatomy & histology , White Matter/diagnostic imaging , White Matter/physiology , Young Adult
14.
Junguiana ; 37(2): 67-74, jul.-dez. 2019.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1056687

ABSTRACT

Este texto apresenta 27 pontos em que a Psicologia Simbólica Junguiana difere da Psicologia Analítica. Esta descrição tem um caráter didático e objetiva facilitar a compreensão das modificações introduzidas pela Psicologia Simbólica Junguiana na Psicologia Analítica. O autor ressalta que considera suas formulações um desenvolvimento da Psicologia Analítica e que estão em consonância com a criatividade e o espírito científico de Jung.


This article presents twenty seven aspects in which Jungian Symbolic Psychology differs from Analytical Psychology. This description has a didactic character and aims to facilitate the understanding of the modifications introduced in Analytical Psychology by Jungian Symbolic Psychology. The author stresses considering his formulations a development of Analytical Psychology, harmonic with Jung's creativity and scientific spirit.


Este texto presenta veintisiete puntos en los que la Psicología Simbólica Junguiana difiere de la Psicología Analítica. Esta descripción tiene un carácter didáctico y objetivo para facilitar la comprensión de las modificaciones introducidas por la Psicología Simbólica Junguiana en Psicología Analítica. El autor señala que considera que sus formulaciones son un desarrollo de la Psicología Analítica y que están en línea con la creatividad y el espíritu científico de Jung.

15.
Rev. bras. ciênc. mov ; 27(4): 207-218, out.-dez. 2019. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1053246

ABSTRACT

Este ensaio tem como objetivo descrever e refletir sobre o universo simbólico e cultural da coreografia Maculelê apresentada pelo Balé Folclórico da Bahia (BFBA), no espetáculo Herança Sagrada. Partimos da descrição das cenas dessa coreografia, incluindo os gestos, os figurinos, a formação dos bailarinos e as letras das músicas, que em conjunto construíram uma rede de significados que permitiu identificar os símbolos culturais inscritos nessa versão da referida manifestação da cultura popular, que serviu de inspiração para o espetáculo artístico do grupo baiano. As impressões culturais e simbólicas permitidas na cena do Maculelê do BFBA variaram desde a formação dos bailarinos no palco até os cânticos entoados por eles e foram discutidas utilizando os principais autores que dialogam com os temas, conforme eles foram surgindo. Esses diálogos entre obra artística e autores, mediados no presente ensaio, permitiram ampliar a reflexão simbólica e cultural presente nas danças afro-brasileiras, entendendo-as como campo fértil que permite se apropriar do conhecimento sensível e aberto que a dança proporciona, promovendo uma educação livre de determinismos e reducionismos. Desse modo, a visão de corpo é também ampliada, ajudando a compreendê-lo livre de simplificações pré-determinadas que o assemelha a uma simples máquina, mas que considera seus simbolismos e sua capacidade sensível e expressiva, tornando-o sujeito, obra de arte em constante troca e construção...(AU)


This essay aims to describe and reflect on the symbolic and cultural universe of the Maculelê choreography presented by the Folkloric Ballet of Bahia (BFBA), in the show Sacred Heritage. We started with the description of the scenes of this choreography, including the gestures, the costumes, the training of the dancers and the lyrics of the songs, which together built a network of meanings that allowed the identification of the cultural symbols inscribed in this version of the popular manifestation of culture. served as inspiration for the artistic performance of the Bahian group. The cultural and symbolic impressions allowed in the BFBA Maculelê scene varied from the formation of the dancers on stage to the chants they sang and were discussed using the main authors who dialogued with the themes as they emerged. These dialogues between artistic work and authors, mediated in the present essay, have allowed to broaden the symbolic and cultural reflection present in the Afro-Brazilian dances, understanding them as a fertile field that allows to appropriate the sensitive and open knowledge that the dance provides, promoting an education free from determinism and reductionism. In this way, the body view is also enlarged, helping to understand it free of predetermined simplifications that resemble it to a simple machine, but which considers its symbolism and its sensitive and expressive capacity, making it subject, a work of art in constant exchange and construction...(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Culture , Dancing , Black People , Ethnic Symbol , Folklore , Popular Culture
16.
Pesqui. prát. psicossociais ; 14(4): 1-13, out.-dez. 2019.
Article in Portuguese | Index Psychology - journals, LILACS | ID: biblio-1115072

ABSTRACT

Neste artigo, o número é abordado como um fenômeno psíquico, sendo analisado a partir de suas possibilidades e particularidades simbólicas. Para tanto, foram consultados textos históricos, antropológicos, filosóficos, mitológicos e religiosos sobre o conhecimento matemático. Esses textos foram selecionados em periódicos indexados e livros científicos conceituados. Em seguida, foi realizado um movimento de compreensão, a partir da fundamentação teórica da Psicologia Analítica de Carl Gustav Jung. Como fenômeno psíquico, o número é entendido como um arquétipo que adveio à consciência e como um símbolo, isto é, como um mistério que tem um sentido passível de compreensão. Nesse contexto, o número ocupa o lugar de imagem psíquica central de nossos interesses, ao redor do qual foram efetuadas analogias (amplificação), procedimento característico do método hermenêutico-simbólico da Psicologia Analítica.


In this article, the number is approached as a psychic phenomenon, being analysed from its possibilities and symbolic particularities. Therefore, historical, anthropological, philosophical, mythological, and religious texts on mathematical knowledge were consulted. These texts have been selected in indexed periodicals and well-known scientific books. Then, a movement of understanding was made, based on the theoretical basis of Analytical Psychology by Carl Gustav Jung. As a psychic phenomenon, the number is understood as an archetype that came to consciousness, and as a symbol, that is, as a mystery that has a comprehensible sense. In this context, the number occupies the place of the central psychic image of our interests, around which analogies were made (amplification), a characteristic procedure of the hermeneutic-symbolic method of Analytical Psychology.


En este artículo, el número se aborda como un fenómeno psíquico y se analiza a partir de sus posibilidades y particularidades simbólicas. Para ello se consultaron textos históricos, antropológicos, filosóficos, mitológicos y religiosos sobre el conocimiento matemático. Estos textos fueron seleccionados de revistas indexadas y libros científicos de renombre. Luego, se realizó um movimiento de comprensión desde la base teórica de la Psicología Analítica. Como fenómeno psíquico, el número se entiende con un arquetipo que llegó a la consciencia y como un símbolo, es decir, como un misterio que tiene un sentido comprensible. En este contexto, el número ocupa el lugar de la imagen psíquica central de nuestros intereses, alrededor de cual se fueron hechas analogías (amplificación), un procedimiento característico del método hermenêutico-simbólico de la Psicología Analítica.


Subject(s)
Psychology , Jungian Theory , Symbolism , Conscience , Consciousness , Knowledge , Comprehension , Hermeneutics , Neuropsychological Tests
17.
Rev. latinoam. psicopatol. fundam ; 22(2): 238-253, abr.-jun. 2019.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1014226

ABSTRACT

Este artigo propõe um percurso pelos aspectos do Isso (Id) como destacados por Georg Groddeck e apresenta reflexões sobre articulações possíveis entre os pensamentos groddeckiano, freudiano e lacaniano. Ressaltam-se as ideias originais de Georg Groddeck sobre linguagem e símbolos inconscientes na investigação das doenças psicossomáticas num esforço constante de aplicá-las à psicanálise. Em sua clínica, resistência e transferência foram consideradas decisivas para a substituição da linguagem da doença pela da saúde.


This paper reviews aspects of the Id as highlighted by Georg Groddeck and reflects on possible connections between Groddeckian, Freudian and Lacanian thinking. We emphasize Georg Groddeck's original ideas about unconscious language and symbols in investigating psychosomatic diseases, in a constant effort to apply them to psychoanalysis. In his clinic, resistance and transference were considered decisive for the replacement of the language of disease with that of health.


Cet article propose un parcours à travers les aspects du Ça (Id) tel que mis en évidence par Georg Groddeck et présente des réflexions sur de possibles liens entre la pensée de Groddeck, de Freud et de Lacan. Nous soulignons les idées originales de Georg Groddeck sur le langage inconscient et les symboles dans l'investigation des maladies psychosomatiques, dans un effort constant pour les appliquer à la psychanalyse. Dans sa clinique, la résistance et le transfert étaient considérés comme décisifs pour le remplacement du langage de la maladie par celui de la santé.


Este artículo propone un recorrido por los aspectos del Ello, o Id, destacados por Georg Groddeck, y presenta reflexiones sobre posibles vínculos entre el pensamiento groddeckiano, freudiano y lacaniano. Se resaltan las ideas originales de Georg Groddeck sobre el lenguaje y los símbolos inconscientes en la investigación de las enfermedades psicosomáticas, en un esfuerzo constante por aplicarlas al psicoanálisis. En su práctica clínica, la resistencia y la transferencia fueron consideradas decisivas para la sustitución del lenguaje de la enfermedad por el de la salud.


Dieser Artikel analysiert die von Georg Groddeck hervorgehobenen Aspekte des Es-Begriffs und stellt Überlegungen an zu möglichen Verbindungen zwischen Groddecks, Freuds und Lacans Denken. Vor allem Georg Groddecks ursprüngliche Ideen über unbewusste Sprache und Symbole werden betont, die dieser Autor bei der Untersuchung psychosomatischer Krankheiten entwickelte, in einem ständigen Bemühen diese in der Psychoanalyse anzuwenden. Widerstand und Übertragung werden in seiner Klinik als entscheidend betrachtet, um die Sprache der Krankheit durch die Sprach der Gesundheit zu ersetzen.

18.
Junguiana ; 37(1): 151-174, jan.-jun. 2019. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1020032

ABSTRACT

O autor aborda o espectro obsessivo-compulsivo através da dimensão simbólica e arquetípica enraizada em três vertentes: neurológica, psicofarmacológica, e psicodinâmica. Associa os dinamismos arquétipos matriarcal, patriarcal, de alteridade e de totalidade com estruturas e funções do sistema nervoso. A seguir, o autor retoma a hipótese de Katz (1991), segundo a qual o TOC apresenta um distúrbio do processo de repressão (Freud) possivelmente por uma disfunção neuroquímica, envolvendo neurotransmissores, principalmente a serotonina. A interpretação arquetípica desta disfunção é a debilitação da função de delimitação, de organização e de contenção do Arquétipo Patriarcal, que compromete a eficácia de todo o quadro defensivo e configura sua exuberância sintomática projetiva e ritualizadora num esforço para suprir a deficiência. O autor tece considerações sobre a ineficiência da psicoterapia dinâmica exclusivamente verbal no TOC e a relativa eficiência da Terapia Comportamental Cognitiva e argumenta que a associação destas duas teorias através do conceito de técnicas expressivas poderá contribuir com maior eficiência no tratamento não só do TOC, como das fobias e da síndrome do pânico, desde que seja exercido dentro de um enfoque simbólico e arquétipo que inclua a relação terapêutica no nível transferencial criativo e defensivo. ■


The author approaches the obsessive-compulsive spectrum through the symbolic archetypal dimension rooted in three perspectives: neurological, psycho-pharmacological and psychodynamic. He associates matriarchal, patriarchal, alterity and totality archetypes with structures and functions of the nervous system. The author considers the hypothesis developed by Katz (1991) according to which OCD presents a disturbance of repression due to a neurotransmitter disfunction, mainly of serotonin. From an archetypal perspective, this neuro-chemical disfunction develops a deficiency of the delimiting, organizing and contention functions of the Patriarchal Archetype. The intensification of repression, projection and ritualization in OCD is a neurological and psychological reaction to deal with this deficiency. The author mentions his experience according to which exclusively verbal psychodynamic psychotherapy is largely inefficient in OCD, phobias and panic syndrome. He argues that the relative efficiency of Cognitive Behavior Therapy can be improved if exposure and avoidance techniques are employed as expressive techniques considering the transference relationship and the defenses present within an overall symbolic and archetypal theory of personality development. ■


El autor aborda el espectro obsesivo-compulsivo a través de la dimensión simbólica y arquetípica enraizada en tres vertientes: neurológica, psicofarmacológica, y psicodinámica. Asocia los dinamismos arquetipos matriarcal, patriarcal, de alteridad y de totalidad con estructuras y funciones del sistema nervioso. A continuación el autor retoma la hipótesis de Katz (1991), según la cual el TOC presenta un disturbio del proceso de represión (Freud) posiblemente por una disfunción neuroquímica, involucrando neurotransmisores, principalmente la serotonina. La interpretación arquetípica de esta disfunción es la debilitación de la función de delimitación, de organización y de contención del Arquetipo Patriarcal, que compromete la eficacia de todo el cuadro defensivo y configura su exuberancia sintomática proyectiva y ritualizadora en un esfuerzo por suplir la discapacidad. El autor hace consideraciones sobre la ineficiencia de la psicoterapia dinámica exclusivamente verbal en el TOC y la relativa eficiencia de la Terapia Comportamental Cognitiva y argumenta que la asociación de estas dos teorías a través del concepto de técnicas expresivas podrá contribuir con mayor eficiencia en el tratamiento no sólo del TOC, fobias y del síndrome del pánico, siempre que sea ejercido dentro de un enfoque simbólico y arquetipo que incluya la relación terapéutica en el nivel transferencial creativo y defensivo. ■

19.
Rev. ecuat. neurol ; Rev. ecuat. neurol;27(1): 30-33, sep.-dic. 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1004006

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: The symbol digit modality test is a reactive which provides great support in neuropsychological evaluation. Its execution permits to evaluate brain functions such as visual perception, stimuli recognition, attention (focal, selective and sustained), task supervision, interference control among others. OBJECT: The purpose of the current research study was to analyze the normative percentiles of the execution of the test, to identify the performance activity of the reactive according to age group and gender; applying the test in a sample of college students. METHOD: The sample included 250 university students,142 (56.8%) males and 108 (43.2%) females. The age range of the participants was between 18 and 34 years old (M=21.53, DE=2.25). A transversal, non-experimental, quantitative research model with a correlational scope was used. RESULTS: The correct answer average for the test was 52.83 (DE=13,60) and for percentile P5 31,55 right answers were found; for percentile P75 60,00 right answers, P25 had 46,00 right answers, and for P95 74,45 right answers were found. No significant differences were found for the mean of errors in the test in terms of age group f(3, 246)=0,67, p=0,57 and gender t(248)=0,68, p=0,49 of the participants as comparison factor. CONCLUSIONS: Results were discussed based on prior research pointing out the importance of counting with a first statistical parameter of the test as ground for neuropsychological clinical practice in Ecuador.


RESUMEN INTRODUCCIÓN: El test de símbolos y dígitos es un reactivo de gran apoyo en la evaluación neuropsicológica. Su ejecución permite la valoración de funciones cerebrales como la percepción visual, el reconocimiento de estímulos, la atención (focalizada, selectiva y sostenida), supervisión de tareas, control de la interferencia y otras. OBJETIVO: En el presente artículo se reporta una investigación que tuvo como finalidad analizar los percentiles normativos de la ejecución del test, identificar las diferencias en el rendimiento del reactivo, según grupo etario y género de los valores del test al ser aplicado en una muestra de estudiantes universitarios. MÉTODO: La muestra estuvo conformada por 250 estudiantes universitarios, 142 (56,8%) hombres y 108 (43,2%) mujeres. El rango de edad de los participantes fue entre 18 y 34 años de edad (M=21,53, DE=2,25). Se utilizó un diseño de investigación cuantitativo, transversal, no experimental y alcance correlacional. RESULTADOS: Se encontró que la media de aciertos en el test es de 52,83 (DE=13,60) y en el percentil P5 se encontraron 31,55 aciertos; el el percentil P25 existieron 46,00 aciertos, en el percentil P75 se hallaron 60,00 aciertos y en el percentil P95 se encontraron 74,45 aciertos. No se encontraron diferencias significativas en la media de errores del test, considerando el grupo etario f(3, 246)=0,67, p=0,57 y género t(248)=0,68, p=0,49 de los participantes como factor de comparación. CONCLUSIONES: Se discuten los resultados en torno a investigaciones previas, mencionando la importancia de contar con un primer parámetro estadístico del test como base para la práctica clínica neuropsicológica en Ecuador.

20.
Rev. psicol. (Fortaleza, Online) ; 9(2): 21-30, jan.-jun. 2018.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, Index Psychology - journals | ID: biblio-909344

ABSTRACT

Este artigo teórico caracteriza a hermenêutica junguiana e propõe aplicá-la à pesquisa qualitativa em Psicologia. Textos de Jung e de comentadores dele a respeito dessa hermenêutica constituíram a amostra de análise deste estudo cujos resultados foram organizados mediante as seguintes categorias obtidas com a pesquisa: "o termo 'hermenêutica' na Psicologia de Jung", "a epistemologia esse in anima", "a atitude simbólica", "as quatro etapas de leitura", "a orientação teleológica na compreensão de sentido" e "o discurso e o iconográfico como material empírico na hermenêutica junguiana". A aplicação dos seguintes procedimentos dessa hermenêutica foi proposta na pesquisa qualitativa em Psicologia: "a atitude simbólica do pesquisador: circunscrever a realidade como símbolo"; "a epistemologia esse in anima"; "os símbolos discurso e iconográfico de indivíduos, grupos ou culturas como material empírico"; "a compreensão do símbolo como meio de se investigar um tema/problema de estudo"; "a leitura do símbolo mediante os procedimentos 'deixar acontecer','engravidar e objetivar' e 'confrontar-se com e se diferenciar de' e 'amplificação'" e "a perspectiva finalista que prioriza a identificação de finalidade e de propósito em vez de causa ede explicação no processo de entendimento do símbolo". (AU)


This theoretical article characterizes the Jungian hermeneutics and proposes applicationsof that to qualitative research in Psychology.Jung´s articles as well as those from his commentators on hermeneutics formed the analysed samplewhich had its results organized using the following categories identified with the sample scrutiny: "the term 'hermeneutics' in the Psychology of Jung", "the epistemology esse in anima", "the symbolic attitude", "the four reading stages", "the teleological orientation in the understanding of meaning" and "discourse and iconography as empirical materials in Jungian hermeneutics". The application of the following hermeneuticsprocedures to qualitative research in Psychology was proposed: "the researcher´s symbolic attitude: circumscribing reality as a symbol"; "the epistemology esse in anima"; "discourse and iconographic symbols produced by individuals, groups or cultures as empirical research materials"; "the understanding of the symbol as a means of investigating a theme and a problem in research"; "the reading of a symbol through the procedures 'let it happen', 'get pregnant and objectify' and 'confront and differentiate from' and 'amplification'" and "the perspective that prioritizes the identification of purpose and direction over cause and explanation in the understanding of a symbol". (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Acting Out , Hermeneutics , Research
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