ABSTRACT
This article summarizes and discusses the collaborative effects of acupuncture and medication in treatment, including four aspects, named "acupuncture synergizing the effects of medication", "medication advancing the effects of acupuncture", "coordination of acupuncture and medication", and "antagonism of acupuncture and medication". Regarding "acupuncture synergizing the effects of medication", the actions of acupuncture are predominant, which affects the absorption and metabolism of drugs in the body, increases drug concentration in blood, enhances the targeting effect of drugs, guides meridian tropism, alleviates the drug dose and adverse reactions, avoids the first pass effect and accelerates the drug bioavailability. As for "medication advancing the effects of acupuncture", the synergistic effect of acupuncture is obtained by medication, besides, the medication itself may supplement the drug property to the needles during acupuncture pretreatment so as to increase the therapeutic effect. In terms of "coordination of acupuncture and medication", and "antagonism of acupuncture and medication", there are the underlying co-effects of acupuncture and medication in the body, and the action targets may be same or different between them, thus, it needs to be further explored.
Subject(s)
Acupuncture Therapy , Humans , Combined Modality TherapyABSTRACT
The core of diagnosing and treating diseases in traditional Chinese medicine lies in syndrome differentiation. The eight principles of syndrome differentiation serve as guidance for syndrome differentiation. As one of the eight principles of syndrome differentiation， the differentiation of deficiency and excess is the basic and critical method. Ischemic stroke is currently the leading cause harming the health of Chinese residents. Although the hypotheses about the cause of ischemic stroke have evolved from external wind to the later internal wind and to the modern theory of toxin damaging the brain collaterals， they all believe that this disease is rooted in internal deficiency and external excess. According to available studies， although stroke is characterized by complex pathogenesis and rapid progression of syndromes， the key cause evolution has a regularity， that is， from excess to deficiency. This article analyzes the historical evolution of the etiology， pathogenesis， and syndrome differentiation schemes of stroke. There are diverse schemes for the syndrome differentiation of stroke， which make it difficult to choose in clinical practice. In view of this problem， this paper puts forward a new approach of staging sequential treatment of ischemic stroke based on the differentiation of deficiency and excess according to the evolution law of the key cause of stroke. Furthermore， we conducted a randomized controlled study on 100 patients with ischemic stroke to evaluate this new approach. The results showed that the staging sequential treatment of ischemic stroke based on the differentiation of deficiency and excess demonstrated definite clinical efficacy. In addition， this article reviews the previous research results of our team and the research achievements of other teams to preliminarily explore the relationship between stroke syndromes and biomarkers， aiming to provide an objective basis for unveiling the pathogenesis of stroke. In summary， according to the key cause evolution （from excess to deficiency）， the treatment of ischemic stroke by stages based on differentiation of deficiency and excess can facilitate the rapid intervention and improve the clinical efficacy on ischemic stroke.
ABSTRACT
Starting from the perspective of meridian theory, this article briefly analyzes the meridian pathophysiology of snoring and the relationship between snoring and meridian theory. It proposes that acupuncture treatment for snoring should focus on regulating qi from the shaoyang meridians, harmonizing the spirit by the governor vessel, resolving phlegm through the three yang meridians, and harmonizing qi and blood from the yangming meridians. Additionally, attention is placed on both the root cause and the symptoms, the theory of "four seas". The ultimate goal is to promote the flow of meridian and qi-blood, improve symptoms such as nighttime snoring, poor sleep quality, and daytime sleepiness, and achieve the desired outcome of stopping snoring and ensuring restful sleep.
Subject(s)
Acupuncture Therapy , Meridians , Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders , Humans , Snoring/therapy , Mucus , Acupuncture PointsABSTRACT
Starting from the perspective of meridian theory, this article briefly analyzes the meridian pathophysiology of snoring and the relationship between snoring and meridian theory. It proposes that acupuncture treatment for snoring should focus on regulating qi from the shaoyang meridians, harmonizing the spirit by the governor vessel, resolving phlegm through the three yang meridians, and harmonizing qi and blood from the yangming meridians. Additionally, attention is placed on both the root cause and the symptoms, the theory of "four seas". The ultimate goal is to promote the flow of meridian and qi-blood, improve symptoms such as nighttime snoring, poor sleep quality, and daytime sleepiness, and achieve the desired outcome of stopping snoring and ensuring restful sleep.
Subject(s)
Humans , Meridians , Snoring/therapy , Acupuncture Therapy , Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders , Mucus , Acupuncture PointsABSTRACT
Precancerous lesions of gastric cancer (PLGC) is a pathological change accompanied by intestinal metaplasia and dysplasia on the basis of chronic atrophic gastritis. It is also an important stage of "inflammation-cancer transformation" on gastric mucosa. Paying attention to the intervention of PLGC has important value and significance for the secondary prevention of gastric cancer. PLGC has the characteristics of occult onset, toxin damaging collaterals, and long course of disease, which is highly consistent to the pathogenesis characteristics of incubative pathogenic factors. Based on the relevance of incubative pathogenic factors and PLGC, treatment of PLGC from the perspective of incubative pathogenic factors should be mainly strengthening the spleen and stomach, and combined with the methods of regulating qi and dissipating dampness, and removing blood stasis and detoxification. It should also pay attention to the prognosis.Paying attention to the body-mind treatment can reduce the re-occurrence , so as to provide a new way of thinking for treating PLGC from incubative pathogenic factors.
ABSTRACT
Arable land protection is critical to the sustainable development of agriculture in China and acceleration of the realization of the trinity protection goal of the quantity, quality, and ecology of arable land. As a new program of behavioral science to promote social development, nudge has gradually gained the favor of researchers and policy makers due to its unique advantages of small cost and substantial effect. However, current research and practical exploration of arable land protection behavior intervention based on the idea of nudging are still lacking. Implicit nudging strategies directly target the heuristic and analytic systems of arable land protection behavior of each stakeholder and possess more advantages than traditional intervention strategies. Therefore, this article designs six arable land protection behavior nudging strategies from the perspectives of cognition and motivation to realize the theoretical discussion of "generating medium-scale returns with nano-level investment". The nudging strategies of the cognitive perspective include default options, framing effects, and descriptive norms, while those of the motivation perspective aim to stimulate home and country, and heritage and benefit motives to promote arable land protection behavior of various stakeholders. The utility of nudge to arable land protection behavior may be controversial in practice. Therefore, the implementation in China should be based on the division of farmers, the number of options should be appropriate, and the external environment of arable land protection behavior should be fully considered.
Subject(s)
Agriculture , Conservation of Natural Resources , China , Ecology , Farmers , HumansABSTRACT
Tong （dredging） method in traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） emphasizes soothing the stagnated Qi， blood， and body fluid in zang-fu organs， meridians， and collaterals to remove pathogens， reinforce vital Qi， and balance Yin and Yang of the human body. Tong method can be adopted to disperse sweat pore， attack pathogenic Qi， harmonize Yin and Yang， as well as tonify deficiency， and resolve stagnation. It has been proved effective in treating coronary heart disease （CHD）， which falls into the category of "chest impediment and heart pain" in TCM， with the key pathogenesis lying in blood vessel obstruction. Therefore， dredging blood vessels is the primary therapeutic principle for CHD. Specifically， there are four aspects. The first is dispersing and dredging the sweat pore of the heart. If the sweat pore is occluded by pathogenic cold， which makes Yang-qi undissipated， Cinnamomi Ramulus， Piperis Longi Fructus， Alpiniae Officinarum Rhizoma， and Asari Radix et Rhizoma can be prescribed for warming and dredging heart Yang. If the Yang-qi of the heart and chest stagnated in the body， which hinders Qi and blood to nourish the myocardium， resulting in chest pain， Poria and Alismatis Rhizoma can be prescribed. For CHD due to atherosclerosis and inflammation， heat-clearing， toxin-removing， and inflammation-resisting Chinese medicinal herbs such as Coptidis Rhizoma and Rhei Radix et Rhizoma are recommended. The second is attacking and dredging the collaterals of the heart. Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma， Chuanxiong Rhizoma， Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma， etc. can be prescribed for blood stasis， Trichosanthis Fructus， Allii Macrostemonis Bulbus， Pinelliae Rhizoma， etc. for phlegm， and Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum， Euodiae Fructus， etc. for pathogenic cold. Since the chronic disease can affect collaterals， Moschus and Santali Albi Lignum can be added to promote blood circulation and remove the obstruction of collaterals of the heart. The third is harmonizing and dredging the mind. Cinnamomi Ramulus， Coptidis Rhizoma， Cinnamomi Cortex， etc. are selected for restoring the coordination between the heart and the kidney. According to the specific syndrome， the methods of nourishing the mind and calming the nerves through tranquilizing the mind， calming down the mind， and inducing resuscitation can be selected using such Chinese medicines as Ziziphi Spinosae Semen， Polygalae Radix， and Draconis Ossa. The fourth is tonifying and dredging the Qi and blood of the heart. The deficiency syndrome of CHD is divided into Qi deficiency and kidney deficiency. Invigorating Qi and strengthening the heart are the first essentials for the treatment of CHD. In Qi invigoration， Qi and blood must be strengthened simultaneously to strengthen the heart and clear the pulse. Hence， Bazhentang modified by Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma and Carthami Flos can be chosen. In kidney Qi tonifying， kidney and heart must be strengthened simultaneously， and the methods of tonifying kidney and activating blood can be used. Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma and Astragali Radix are considered as the first choice for tonifying heart Qi， and Epimedii Folium and Morindae Officinalis Radix for tonifying kidney Qi， which are added with Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma and Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata to obtain the kidney-tonifying and blood-activating prescription. It is suitable for treating CHD due to kidney deficiency and blood stasis. Simultaneous treatment of heart and kidney is more suitable for middle-aged and elderly patients and chronically ill patients. Tong method can be used in various clinical diseases as well as CHD.
ABSTRACT
Anemia is one of the most common complications of rheumatoid arthritis （RA）. It is an important factor affecting the quality of life of patients and disease prognosis in addition to joint dysfunction. The pathogenesis of RA with anemia in western medicine is complex and diverse， and it is difficult to give consideration to medication. Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） has certain therapeutic advantages because it pays attention to overall regulation and syndrome differentiation. In recent years， with the in-depth exploration of the pathogenesis of RA in modern medicine and the continuous improvement of the idea of diagnosis and treatment combined with disease and syndrome in TCM， the connotation of TCM pathogenesis of RA has gradually broken through the traditional theoretical framework of "arthralgia syndrome"， and TCM etiology research of toxin in RA and its complications has received increasing attention. By tracing and sorting out the theory of "toxin caused arthralgia"， combing with the research results of the pathological mechanism of modern medicine， this thesis expounds the importance of toxins in the pathogenic factors of RA in TCM. On this basis， it is further proposed that "deficiency caused by toxic heat" is the core pathogenesis of RA with anemia. Deficiency of healthy Qi， the six exogenous factors， the seven emotional factors， and improper diet can lead to the formation of toxic heat， and damage to the joint structure and viscera， resulting in blood deficiency. To treat RA with anemia， the syndrome differentiation by stages is conducted based on the principle of detoxification and dredging collaterals， and the mechanism of self-made prescription Ersi decoction on RA complicated with anemia is explored based on previous research， to enrich the theoretical basis for the treatment of RA from toxic heat and provide new ideas for TCM differentiation and treatment of RA with anemia and other complications.
ABSTRACT
Autism spectrum disorder （ASD） is a common neurodevelopmental disorder in childhood， whereas there is no specific medicine at present. There are more and more researches on the treatment of ASD with traditional Chinese medicine（TCM） which the curative effect is reliable. The heart and spleen are the main viscera for the treatment of ASD， but there is still a lack of in-depth analysis of the mechanism of TCM. In order to explore the relationship between the core symptoms of ASD and the heart and spleen， this article specifically explores the theoretical origins of the heart and the spleen in the formation of the core symptoms of ASD， and to clarify the role of the heart and spleen in the occurrence and development of the two core symptoms of ASD from the perspective of TCM. In view of social communication and communication obstacles， the author puts forward and explains the language problems of children with ASD based on the functions of the heart and spleen， the theory of the viscera， the ascription of the meridians， and the classics. The mechanism of the heart and spleen in TCM about the failure of the spleen， the loss of the heart， and the endogenous phlegm. Aiming at the mechanism of the stereotyped symptoms of abnormal behaviors in children with ASD， this paper proposes and explains the TCM mechanism of constant deficiency of the spleen and dereliction of duty， leading to loss of mind， heart and spleen injury， and finally a series of stereotypes and strange syndromes due to lack of spirit. Through the analysis and excavation of TCM theory， it explores theoretical basis for ASD from the theory of heart and spleen， with a view to preliminarily constructing the theoretical framework of TCM syndrome differentiation and treatment of the deficiency of both the heart and spleen， and provide theoretical reference for TCM syndrome differentiation and treatment of ASD. The treatment of ASD from the differentiation of symptoms and signs of the heart and spleen is supported by a strong theoretical basis of TCM， and the rationale， law and prescriptions are complete， which may be the direction of screening effective TCM prescriptions for the treatment of ASD in the future.
ABSTRACT
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in Wuhan, Hubei Province in December 2019, with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in 2002 and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) in 2012 are all infectious diseases caused by coronavirus. According to the knowledge of infectious diseases such as SARS and MERS, many patients and health care workers suffered from depression and anxiety during and after the epidemic. In particular, post-epidemic survivors were more likely to suffer from post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Similar conditions could be occurred during and after COVID-19. Therefore, it is also an important task to reduce the prevalence of PTSD after COVID-19 as much as possible and to relieve the tension of infected patients, first-line medical staff, quarantine personnel and so on. Traditional Chinese medicine has unique advantages in the treatment of emotional diseases. Understanding the etiology and pathogenesis of PTSD by theory of traditional Chinese medicine and looking for effective methods to treat PTSD will be helpful to treat PTSD of survivors after COVID-19. It is found that Sini Powder has potential value in the treatment of PTSD by the summary and comparison of the research on traditional Chinese medicine related to the treatment of PTSD. We hope to overcome this epidemic psychologically and spiritually. Therefore, it is considered that Sini Powder can be used as the first choice for relieving emotional diseases of related patients during COVID-19 and treating PTSD of survivors after COVID-19.
ABSTRACT
[Objective] To explore the etiology and pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis from the perspective of the theory of Fuxie, so as to more comprehensively understand the rheumatoid arthritis, broaden the thinking of clinical diagnosis and treatment, and improve the clinical efficacy. [Methods] The theory of Fuxie theory was summarized, from the aspects of interpretation, theoretical origin, modern medical knowledge and so on, combined with the regularity of the pathogenesis of the pathogen, the etiology, pathogenesis and treatment of rheumatoid arthritis were discussed. [Results] Fuxie theory is originally derived from Huangdi Neijing, it is considered that Fuxie is divided into exogenous and endogenous Fuxie foxier, etiology of rheumatoid arthritis with hidden pathogenic objective basis, its pathogenesis with hidden pathogenic mechanism, the treatment principle and treatment method by pathogen consistentcy. [Conclusion] Understanding of rheumatoid arthritis, according to the characteristics and development of Fuxie disease transmission rules, can better grasp the nature of the disease, diagnosis and treatment of Fuxie theory of rheumatoid arthritis has important clinical significance, rheumatoid arthritis from Fuxie theory provides new ideas and methods for clinical treatment.
ABSTRACT
From the Chinese medicine point of view on the physiological functions of healthy atmosphere and vitality, healthy atmosphere and vitality of the relationship, we can know that healthy atmosphere and vitality has important role in the life activities of the body. They complement each other. In the pathogenesis of AIDS, AIDS epidemic poi-son has the characteristics of wounding healthy atmosphere. When it attacks the body upright, vitality will be injured firstly. Because of that it is inextricably linked with the characteristics of the AIDS epidemic poison and vitality physiological functions. Therefore, AIDS epidemic poison attacks healthy atmosphere and vitality co-exist, the injury of healthy atmosphere and vitality is throughout the whole process of AIDS .
ABSTRACT
Peony and Licorice Decoction was effective in treating Restless leg syndrome(RLS) with the function of nourishing yin for softening liver,relaxing spasm and relieving pain.Clinical practice,ancient literature and Chinese medicine theory were comprehensively studied to conclude that blood stasis is the key cause of RLS.Promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis was the crucial therapy for RLS.
ABSTRACT
The etiology in Basic of TCM was six exopathogens (wind, cold, summer heat, wet, dryness, and fire),seven emotions, blood stasis, phlegm retention, improper diet, exhaustion, infectious damp heat, trauma and bitten by animal and insect. Through years of observation, we found that some diseases could not be explained by such etiologies and thus put forward some new etiologies, including pollution poison gas, drugs, chemicals and radiation. These new etiologies had some significance in improving TCM theories and guiding clinical practice.
ABSTRACT
It was pointed out that the development of theory of TCM was restricted by the indistinct concepts.The advantages and disadvantages of the concept between traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine were analyzed.Basing on literature researches and modern science researches can solve the concept problems of the theory of TCM.
ABSTRACT
This article expounds the formation,connotation and development of the etiology theory in TCM.By analyzing the deficiency of the existent etiology theory in TCM,we proposed that the essence of the etiology theory in TCM should be studied based on the concept of unification of human and nature.With the guidance of the concept of unification of human and nature,the etiology theory in TCM could be formed an integrated theory.The classification of etiology in TCM which includes basic etiology,secondum etiology and developing etiology was proposed,which makes the etiology theory system in TCM more scientific and logical.
ABSTRACT
It is discovered in massive clinical practices that Chinese medicine intervention in the acute stage of stroke can make enormous improvement in stroke prognosis,moreover in many cases,which is prompted to be related with the improvement of hydrocephalus in the acute stage of stroke.This article makes a preliminary theoretical discussion that the function of Chinese medicine to hydrocephalus is possibly related with the following three hypotheses:removing the blood heat and dredging the ori ces can promote diuresis;catharsis and clearing turbidity can remove water;clearing the liver and suppressing wind can facilitate water.And elaborate the possible mechanisms in details:removing the blood heat and dredging the ori ces can remove the blood stasis and promote diuresis;catharise and clearing turbidity can smooth Fu-qi and make qi and blood spread,and achieve the goal of dredging the ori ces to free the collaterals and alleviate hydrocephalus;clearing the liver and suppressing wind may have many kinds of e ects such as suppressing re,smoothing qi,harmonizing blood,removing the blood stasis and stoppingconvulsion,and then smooth qi and blood to control or alleviate hydrocephalus.
