ABSTRACT
Las tareas terapéuticas (tareas para casa) constituyen una estrategia propia de la psicología conductual para conseguir el cambio clínico. El presente estudio tiene como objetivo determinar cómo los terapeutas conductuales asignan las tareas terapéuticas y cómo revisan el cumplimiento. Se analizó la interacción verbal entre el terapeuta y el cliente en 211 sesiones grabadas (19 casos completos de éxito) mediante metodología observacional, a través del uso de un sistema de categorización (SIS-INTER-INSTR). Los valores de fiabilidad inter e intrajueces fueron entre buenos y excelentes. Los resultados muestran que los psicólogos conductuales emiten verbalizaciones motivadoras cuando asignan tareas terapéuticas. En la revisión del cumplimiento, frecuentemente refuerzan el cumplimiento de las tareas, pero dejan de evaluar el cumplimiento cuando el cliente informa que las ha realizado de forma parcial. Las secuencias verbales obtenidas proporcionan información sobre cómo los terapeutas conductuales dan instrucciones sobre las tareas terapéuticas y como revisan su cumplimiento. Esta información es un primer paso en el estudio de cómo esas secuencias pueden predecir o contribuir al establecimiento de una óptima colaboración terapéutica y a la eficacia del tratamiento. (AU)
Therapeutic (homework) tasks are a characteristic strategy in behavioral psychology to achieve clinical change. The aim of the present study is to determine how behavioural therapists assign therapeutic tasks and review their compliance. Observational methodology was used to analyse the verbal interaction of therapists and clients in 211 recorded sessions (19 complete successful cases) using a validated coding system (SIST-INTER-INSTR). The values for inter- and intra-judge reliability were from good to excellent. The study shows that behavioural psychologists offer motivating verbalisations when assigning therapeutic tasks. During the review of task compliance, therapists frequently provide positive reinforcement when clients report complete compliance with the assigned task but stop the review of tasks when clients report non-compliance or only partial compliance with the task. These sequences provide information about how behavioural therapists provide instructions for therapeutic tasks and review their compliance. This is a first step to study how these verbal sequences favour the establishment of TC and the effectiveness of treatment. (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Young Adult , Adult , Middle Aged , Behavior Therapy , Patient Compliance , Professional-Patient Relations , Spain , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
In this letter to the Editor, the authors comment recent publications about the attempts to remote realizations of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) in the treatment of anxiety disorders in elderly. The distinguished clinical situation is a part of a wider problem that can be named as "global crisis of aging populations". The use of CBT in many geriatric clinical situations is very effective, however, such therapy is very time-consuming, what hamper its widespread utilizations in practice. The authors therefore propose to support this form of treatment by determining so-called 'therapeutic tasks'. They derive the rationale for the proposed method from the analysis of the acting elements of various, new forms of CBT in combination with the analysis of sources of psychological resistance (resilience) of those older people who are doing well. The essence of the method proposed by the authors is assigning tasks which facilitate to patients' remembering of their 'trajectory of life'. The patients are then much more aware of unresolved psychological conflicts. The next tasks aid the patients to search for solutions to such mental problems and create a balanced imagery of their lives.
