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1.
Rev. colomb. cir ; 39(5): 745-753, Septiembre 16, 2024. fig, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1571923

ABSTRACT

Introducción. El número de capturas a los body packers, que son aquellas personas que ingieren paquetes con estupefacientes para tráfico ilegal, ha aumentado paulatinamente. El objetivo de este estudio fue presentar los casos de body packers atendidos en dos instituciones de salud de Florencia, un territorio al sur de Colombia, entre 2003 y 2017. Métodos. Este es un estudio retrospectivo descriptivo. Se hizo un análisis univariado en RStudio y Microsoft Excel® de variables sociodemográficas y clínicas. Se emplearon medidas de tendencia central y dispersión para las variables continuas, frecuencias y proporciones para las variables categóricas. Resultados. Se incluyeron 72 pacientes. La mayoría de los casos fueron reportados entre 2007 y 2012 (77,5 %). La relación entre hombres y mujeres fue de 4,9:1. La edad media fue de 29,1 años. El principal motivo de admisión fue para chequeo médico tras captura por parte de los organismos de seguridad nacional (76,4 %). En 9 de cada 10 admitidos se realizaron estudios de imagen (94,4 %); la principal ayuda diagnóstica fue la radiografía de abdomen simple (84,7 %), con una sensibilidad del 91,6 %. Se realizó manejo expectante en tres de cada cuatro pacientes (74,6 %). El 6,9 % presentaron complicaciones, con una mortalidad (1,4 %). Conclusiones. La radiografía de abdomen simple es una ayuda diagnóstica adecuada para el tamizaje de los body packers. El manejo conservador es aceptable, teniendo en cuenta el porcentaje bajo de complicaciones.


Introduction. The number of arrests of body packers, who are those people who ingest packages with narcotics for illegal trafficking, has gradually increased. The objective of this study was to present the cases of body packers treated in two health institutions in Florencia, a territory in southern Colombia, between 2003 and 2017. Methods. This is a descriptive retrospective study. A univariate analysis was performed in RStudio and Microsoft Excel® of sociodemographic and clinical variables. Measures of central tendency and dispersion were used for continuous variables, frequencies and proportions for categorical variables. Results. 72 patients were included. Most cases were reported between 2007 and 2012 (77.5%). The ratio between men and women was 4.9:1. The mean age was 29.1 years. The main reason for admission was for medical check-up after capture by national security agencies (76.4%). In nine out of ten admitted patients, imaging studies were performed (94.4%); the main diagnostic imaging was simple abdominal X-ray (84.7%), with a sensitivity of 91.6%. Expectant management was performed in three out of four patients (74.6%). 6.9% presented complications, with one mortality (1.4%). Conclusions. Simple abdominal x-ray is an adequate diagnostic tool for screening body packers. Conservative management is acceptable, taking into account the low percentage of complications.


Subject(s)
Humans , Drug Trafficking , Body Packing , Signs and Symptoms , Cocaine , Colombia , Observation
2.
CienciaUAT ; 18(2): 6-18, ene.-jun. 2024. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1569018

ABSTRACT

Resumen: La apropiada organogénesis de las plantas, durante su ciclo de vida, propicia su desarrollo y la adaptación a diferentes condiciones am bientales. Diversas fitohormonas regulan el desarrollo vegetal, pero la auxina denominada ácido indol-3-acético (AIA) es una de las más importantes. El AIA se sintetiza en la parte aérea de la planta y se moviliza a los tejidos demandantes por un transporte rápido que utiliza el floema y por el transporte polar de auxinas (TPA). Recientemente, se ha demostrado que las auxinas también se movilizan mediante el transporte simplástico (TS) a través de los plasmodesmos (PD), cuya apertura o cierre está regulada respectivamente por la degradación o la deposición de la callosa. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue profundizar en los avances sobre la participación del transporte simplástico de las auxinas durante el desarrollo vegetal, así como la degradación o deposición de la callosa, en el cierre o apertura de los PD, para regular el desarrollo de algunos órganos de Arabidopsis thaliana. La intervención de las proteínas PDLP5 es determinante para la deposición de la callosa en los PD, lo que regula la distribución de la auxina e impacta en la formación radicular, especialmente en las raíces laterales. La participación del TS es importante para desarrollar la actividad de las auxinas, lo cual favorece la formación radicular, necesaria en la mejora de absorción de nutrientes de las plantas. Este conocimiento puede ser utilizado para mejorar las plantas de interés agronómico.


Abstract: The appropriate organogenesis of plants during their life cycle promotes their development and adaptation to different environmental conditions. Various phytohormones regulate plant development but auxin, called Indole-3-Acetic Acid (IAA), is one of the most important. IAA is synthesized in the aerial part of plant and is mobilized to the demanding tissues by a rapid transport using the phloem and by the polar auxin transport (PAT). Recently, it has been shown that auxins also are mobilized by a symplastic transport (ST) through plasmodesmata (PD), which opening or closing is regulated by the callose degradation or deposition respectively. The objective of the present work was to deepen the analysis on the participation of symplastic transport of auxins during plant development, as well in the callose degradation or deposition, in the closing or opening of the PD, that regulates the development of some organs of Arabidopsis thaliana. The intervention of PDLP5 proteins is decisive for the callose deposition in the PD, which regulates the auxin distribution and impacts root formation, especially at the lateral roots. The participation of TS is important to develop the auxin activity, which favors root formation, necessary for the improvement plant nutrient absorption. This knowledge can be used to improve development plants of agronomic interest.

3.
Rev. bras. ativ. fís. saúde ; 29: 1-9, abr. 2024. tab, fig
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1561334

ABSTRACT

Pesquisas indicam correlatos ambientais distintos para caminhada utilitária e recreativa. Este estudo teve como objetivo identificar locais, destinos e distância percorrida em caminhadas recreativas e uti-litárias, e comparar espacialmente a percepção sobre os locais caminhados. Para isso, foi realizado um estudo observacional transversal, conduzido em Londrina, Brasil. Os dados foram coletados através de questionário aplicado na plataforma Survey123, que contemplou pessoas maiores de 18 anos que reportassem ao menos uma rota de caminhada realizada no município de Londrina. A análise dos deslocamentos reportados foi feita pela estimativa de densidade de Kernele as distâncias de cami-nhada foram analisadas através do coeficiente de correlação ponto-bisserial ­ rpb. A espacialização dos dados perceptivos, obtidos através do questionário Neighborhood Environment Walkability Scale­ NEWS, foi realizada pela identificação de agrupamentos significativos através do indicador Gi*. A amostra totalizou 182 participantes e 305 deslocamentos a pé, dos quais, 61 classificados como ca-minhada recreativa e 244 como utilitária. Os locais de maior densidade de deslocamentos recreativos possuem ampla infraestrutura para pedestres, enquanto os de concentração de deslocamentos utili-tários são caracterizados pela diversidade de uso do solo. A caminhada recreativa registrou distância média de 3.955,3 ± 2.503,5m sendo que, para a caminhada utilitária, a média foi 1.247,0 ± 1.034,0m. A correlação ponto-bisserial obteve rpb = 0,611 e p<0,001, moderada a forte, indicando correlação po-sitiva entre a realização de viagens recreativas e uma maior distância média de caminhada. A pesquisa contribui para a investigação do comportamento de caminhada pela associação de variáveis objetivas e subjetivas e pela captura dos trajetos de deslocamento a pé.


Studies indicate distinct environmental correlates for utilitarian and recreational walking. This study aimed to identify the locations, destinations and the distance traveled in recreational and utilitarian walks, and to compare spatially the perception about the walked places. To achieve this, a cross-sectional observational study was conducted in Londrina, Brazil. Data was collected through a questionnaire applied on the Survey123 platform, including people aged 18 or over that reported at least one walking route performed in Londrina. The route analysis was made by Kernel density estimation and walking distances were analyzed through the point-bisserial correlation coefficient - rpb. The spatialization of perception data, obtained through the Neighborhood Environment Walkability Scale - NEWS form, was performed by identifying significant clus-ters through the Gi* indicator. The sample totaled 182 participants who reported 305 walk routes, of which 61 were classified as recreational walking and 244 as utilitarian. The places of higher recreational walking density have ample infrastructure for pedestrians, and the places with utilitarian walking concentration are characterized by the diversity of land use. Recreational walking recorded mean distance of 3.955.3 ± 2.503.5m, and for utilitarian walking, the average was 1.247.0 ± 1.034.0m. The point-bisserial correlation obtained rpb = 0.611 and p<0.001, moderate to strong, indicating a positive correlation between recreational trips and a greater average walking distance. This research contributes to the investigation of walking behav-ior through the association of objective and subjective variables and through the capture of walking routes.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Built Environment , Active Mobility , Sustainable Mobility , Transportation , City Planning
4.
Rev. cir. (Impr.) ; 76(2)abr. 2024.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1565470

ABSTRACT

Las tasa de trasplantes en Chile es baja en comparación con otros países. Si bien se han hecho importantes avances para aumentar este número, existe poca claridad en cuanto a protocolos de seguridad de los equipos de procuramiento de órganos. A nivel internacional existen diferentes tragedias que han marcado este trabajo, la más conocida es la ocurrida en Michigan, donde un equipo médico perdió la vida al caer sobre el lago en un transporte por un trasplante de pulmón. Años después de la tragedia se conocieron los reiterados reclamos por parte del personal médico en relación a la falta de seguridad durante los traslados. Si bien el procuramiento de órganos tiene un riesgo asociado inherente, este se debe mantener al mínimo. Para avanzar en esto se confeccionó una guía de seguridad donde participaron las organizaciones de trasplante más importantes de Estados Unidos. Se emitieron recomendaciones, donde se regula el transporte aéreo, terrestre, seguros y el futuro de esta actividad. En Chile la orientación técnica que regula el procuramiento, no especifica ninguno de estos puntos y no existe información pública disponible, dejando la seguridad a disposición de las instituciones locales. Si bien es importante reconocer el esfuerzo nacional por mejorar el número de trasplantes año a año, es necesario avanzar en mejorar la seguridad de los equipos de procuramiento, y no esperar que ocurra una tragedia, para generar cambios necesarios, particularmente en un país con una geografía desafiante como Chile.


The transplant rate in Chile is low compared to other countries. Although significant advances have been made to increase this number, there is little clarity regarding safety protocols for organ procurement teams. Internationally, various tragedies have marked this work, the most famous being the one that occurred in Michigan, where a medical team lost their lives when they crashed into a lake during transport for a lung transplant. Years after the tragedy, repeated complaints by medical personnel came to light concerning the lack of safety during transfers. Although organ procurement inherently carries associated risks, these should be kept to a minimum. In 2020, a safety guide was created to make progress with participation from the most crucial transplant organizations in the United States. Recommendations were issued regulating air and ground transportation, insurance, and the future of transplant activity. In Chile, technical guidelines that regulate procurement need to specify crucial safety metrics, and there is no publicly available information or recommendations, leaving safety to the discretion of local institutions. While it is essential to recognize the national effort to improve the number of transplants year after year, it is necessary to advance in improving the safety of procurement teams and not wait for a tragedy to occur to generate the required changes, particularly in a country with challenging geography like Chile.

5.
Arch Cardiol Mex ; 94(1): 65-70, 2024.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38507322

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) systems of care have reduced inter-hospital transfer times and facilitated timely reperfusion goals. Helicopters may be an option when land transportation is not feasible; however, the safety of air transport in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a factor to consider. OBJETIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety of helicopter transport for patients with ACS. METHODS: Prospective, observational, and descriptive study including patients diagnosed with ACS within the STEMI network of a metropolitan city transferred by helicopter to a large cardiovascular center to undergo percutaneous coronary intervention. The primary outcome of the study was the incidence of air-travel-related complications defined as IV dislodgement, hypoxia, arrhythmia, angina, anxiety, bleeding, and hypothermia. Secondary outcomes included the individual components of the primary outcome. RESULTS: A total of 106 patients were included in the study; the mean age was 54 years and 84.9% were male. The most frequent diagnosis was STEMI after successful fibrinolysis (51.8%), followed by STEMI with failed fibrinolysis (23.7%) and non-reperfused STEMI (9.4%). Five patients (4.7%) developed at least one complication: IV dislodgement (1.8%) and hypoxemia (1.8%) in two patients and an episode of angina during flight (0.9%). A flight altitude of > 10,000 ft was not associated with complications. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study suggest that helicopter transportation is safe in patients undergoing acute coronary syndrome, despite the altitude of a metropolitan area.


ANTECEDENTES: Los sistemas de atención de IAMCEST han reducido los tiempos de transferencia interhospitalaria y han facilitado las metas de reperfusión oportuna. Los helicópteros pueden ser una opción cuando el transporte terrestre no es factible; sin embargo, la seguridad del transporte aéreo en pacientes con síndrome coronario agudo (SICA) es un factor a considerar. OBJETIVOS: Evaluar la seguridad del transporte en helicóptero para pacientes con SICA. MÉTODOS: Estudio prospectivo, observacional, descriptivo. Se incluyeron pacientes con diagnóstico de SICA dentro de la red IAMCEST en metrópolis extensa, trasladados en helicóptero a un centro cardiovascular. El resultado primario del estudio fue la incidencia de complicaciones relacionadas con los viajes aéreos definidas cómo desalojo de catéter intravenoso, hipoxia, arritmia, angina, ansiedad, sangrado e hipotermia. RESULTADOS: Total de 106 pacientes; la edad media fue de 54 años y 84,9% eran hombres. La altitud media de vuelo fue de 10,100 pies y la distancia media de vuelo fue de 50,0 km. El diagnóstico más frecuente fue IAMCEST tras fibrinolisis exitosa (51,8%), seguido de IAMCEST con fibrinolisis fallida (23,7%). Cinco pacientes (4,7%) desarrollaron una complicación: desalojo IV (1,8%) e hipoxemia (1,8%) en dos pacientes y un episodio de angina durante el vuelo (0,9%). Una altitud de vuelo mayor de 10,000 pies no se asoció a complicaciones. CONCLUSIONES: Los resultados de este estudio sugieren que el transporte en helicóptero es seguro en pacientes con SICA, incluso en altitudes > 10,000 pies.


Subject(s)
Acute Coronary Syndrome , Myocardial Infarction , Non-ST Elevated Myocardial Infarction , Percutaneous Coronary Intervention , ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Female , Acute Coronary Syndrome/therapy , ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction/etiology , Myocardial Infarction/etiology , Prospective Studies , Travel , Travel-Related Illness , Aircraft , Percutaneous Coronary Intervention/methods , Angina Pectoris/etiology
6.
Arch. cardiol. Méx ; Arch. cardiol. Méx;94(1): 65-70, ene.-mar. 2024. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1556894

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background: ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) systems of care have reduced inter-hospital transfer times and facilitated timely reperfusion goals. Helicopters may be an option when land transportation is not feasible; however, the safety of air transport in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a factor to consider. Objetives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety of helicopter transport for patients with ACS. Methods: Prospective, observational, and descriptive study including patients diagnosed with ACS within the STEMI network of a metropolitan city transferred by helicopter to a large cardiovascular center to undergo percutaneous coronary intervention. The primary outcome of the study was the incidence of air-travel-related complications defined as IV dislodgement, hypoxia, arrhythmia, angina, anxiety, bleeding, and hypothermia. Secondary outcomes included the individual components of the primary outcome. Results: A total of 106 patients were included in the study; the mean age was 54 years and 84.9% were male. The most frequent diagnosis was STEMI after successful fibrinolysis (51.8%), followed by STEMI with failed fibrinolysis (23.7%) and non-reperfused STEMI (9.4%). Five patients (4.7%) developed at least one complication: IV dislodgement (1.8%) and hypoxemia (1.8%) in two patients and an episode of angina during flight (0.9%). A flight altitude of > 10,000 ft was not associated with complications. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that helicopter transportation is safe in patients undergoing acute coronary syndrome, despite the altitude of a metropolitan area.


Resumen Antecedentes: Los sistemas de atención de IAMCEST han reducido los tiempos de transferencia interhospitalaria y han facilitado las metas de reperfusión oportuna. Los helicópteros pueden ser una opción cuando el transporte terrestre no es factible; sin embargo, la seguridad del transporte aéreo en pacientes con síndrome coronario agudo (SICA) es un factor a considerar. Objetivos: Evaluar la seguridad del transporte en helicóptero para pacientes con SICA. Métodos: Estudio prospectivo, observacional, descriptivo. Se incluyeron pacientes con diagnóstico de SICA dentro de la red IAMCEST en metrópolis extensa, trasladados en helicóptero a un centro cardiovascular. El resultado primario del estudio fue la incidencia de complicaciones relacionadas con los viajes aéreos definidas cómo desalojo de catéter intravenoso, hipoxia, arritmia, angina, ansiedad, sangrado e hipotermia. Resultados: Total de 106 pacientes; la edad media fue de 54 años y 84,9% eran hombres. La altitud media de vuelo fue de 10,100 pies y la distancia media de vuelo fue de 50,0 km. El diagnóstico más frecuente fue IAMCEST tras fibrinolisis exitosa (51,8%), seguido de IAMCEST con fibrinolisis fallida (23,7%). Cinco pacientes (4,7%) desarrollaron una complicación: desalojo IV (1,8%) e hipoxemia (1,8%) en dos pacientes y un episodio de angina durante el vuelo (0,9%). Una altitud de vuelo mayor de 10,000 pies no se asoció a complicaciones. Conclusiones: Los resultados de este estudio sugieren que el transporte en helicóptero es seguro en pacientes con SICA, incluso en altitudes > 10,000 pies.

7.
Cad. Saúde Pública (Online) ; 40(5): e00064423, 2024. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1557434

ABSTRACT

Resumo: A dificuldade de acesso aos serviços de atenção ao parto está associada à mortalidade infantil e neonatal e à morbimortalidade materna. Neste estudo, dados do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) foram utilizados para mapear a evolução da acessibilidade geográfica ao parto hospitalar de risco habitual no Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, correspondentes a 418.243 internações nos biênios 2010-2011 e 2018-2019. Foram estimados os fluxos de deslocamento, as distâncias percorridas e o tempo de deslocamento intermunicipal entre o município de residência e de internação das gestantes. Houve um crescimento de 15,9% para 21,5% na proporção de gestantes que precisaram se deslocar. A distância percorrida aumentou de 24,6 para 26km, e o tempo de deslocamento de 76,4 para 96,1 minutos, com grande variação entre as Regiões de Saúde (RS). As gestantes residentes na RS Centro Sul se deslocaram mais frequentemente (37,4-48,9%), e as residentes nas RS Baía da Ilha Grande e Noroeste percorreram as maiores distâncias (90,9-132,1km) e levaram mais tempo para chegar ao hospital no último biênio (96-137 minutos). A identificação dos municípios que receberam gestantes de muitos outros municípios e daqueles que atenderam maior volume de gestantes (núcleos e polos de atração, respectivamente) refletiu a indisponibilidade e as disparidades no acesso aos serviços. As desigualdades regionais e a redução da acessibilidade alertam para a necessidade de adequar a oferta à demanda e de revisar a distribuição dos serviços de atenção ao parto no Rio de Janeiro. O estudo contribui para as pesquisas e o planejamento sobre o acesso a serviços de saúde materno-infantil, além de servir como referência para outros estados do país.


Abstract: Difficult access to birth care services is associated with infant and neonatal mortality and maternal morbidity and mortality. In this study, data from the Brazilian Unified National Health System (SUS) were used to map the evolution of geographic accessibility to hospital birth of usual risk in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, corresponding to 418,243 admissions in 2010-2011 and 2018-2019. Travel flows, distances traveled, and intermunicipal travel time between the pregnant women's municipality and hospital location were estimated. An increase from 15.9% to 21.5% was observed in the number of pregnant women who needed to travel. The distance traveled increased from 24.6 to 26km, and the travel time from 76.4 to 96.1 minutes, with high variation between Health Regions (HR). Pregnant women living in HR Central-South traveled more frequently (37.4-48.9%), and those living in the HRs Baía da Ilha Grande and Northwest traveled the largest distances (90.9-132.1km) and took more time to get to the hospital in 2018-2019 (96-137 minutes). The identification of municipalities that received pregnant women from many other municipalities and municipalities that treated a higher number of pregnant women (hubs and attraction poles, respectively) reflected the unavailability and disparities in access to services. Regional inequalities and reduced accessibility highlight the need to adapt supply to demand and review the distribution of birth care services in the state of Rio de Janeiro. This study contributes to research and planning on access to maternal and child health services and can be used as a reference study for other states in the country.


Resumen: La dificultad para acceder a los servicios de atención al parto está asociada con la mortalidad infantil y neonatal, y con la morbimortalidad materna. En este estudio, se utilizaron datos del Sistema Único de Salud (SUS) para mapear la evolución de la accesibilidad geográfica al parto hospitalario de riesgo habitual en el estado de Río de Janeiro, Brasil, correspondiente a 418.243 hospitalizaciones en los bienios 2010-2011 y 2018-2019. Se estimaron los flujos de desplazamiento, las distancias recorridas y el tiempo de desplazamiento intermunicipal entre el municipio de residencia y la hospitalización de las mujeres embarazadas. Hubo un aumento del 15,9% al 21,5% en la proporción de mujeres embarazadas que necesitaron desplazarse. La distancia recorrida aumentó de 24,6 a 26km y el tiempo de desplazamiento de 76,4 a 96,1 minutos, con gran variación entre las Regiones de Salud (RS). Las mujeres embarazadas residentes en la RS Centro Sul se desplazaron con mayor frecuencia (37,4-48,9%), y las residentes en las RS Baía da Ilha Grande y Noroeste recorrieron las mayores distancias (90,9-132,1km) y tardaron más en llegar al hospital en el últimos bienio (96-137 minutos). La identificación de los municipios que recibieron mujeres embarazadas de muchos otros municipios y de aquellos que atendieron a un mayor volumen de mujeres embarazadas (núcleos y polos de atracción, respectivamente) reflejó la indisponibilidad y las disparidades en el acceso a los servicios. Las desigualdades regionales y la reducida accesibilidad alertan sobre la necesidad de adaptar la oferta a la demanda, y de revisar la distribución de los servicios de atención al parto en el estado de Rio de Janeiro. El estudio contribuye a las investigaciones y a la planificación sobre el acceso a los servicios de salud materno-infantil, y puede servir como referencia para otros estados del país.

8.
Rev. saúde pública (Online) ; 58: 04, 2024. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1536764

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT PURPOSE To describe and analyze the healthiness of formal and informal food establishments in bus terminals of the metropolitan region of the state of Rio de Janeiro. METHOD An audit was conducted in 156 formal and 127 informal food establishments located in 14 bus terminals of the five most populous cities of the metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro. Proportions of types of establishments and means (95%CI) of food availability indicators in formal and informal settings were calculated. For the formal setting, prices, proportions of accepted payment methods, days and hours of operation, and food categories with displayed advertising were described. RESULTS The healthiness of food establishments in bus terminals was low (less than 36%). On average, ultra-processed food subgroups were 250% more available for purchase than fresh or minimally processed food. Purchasing food at these places was convenient because several forms of payment were available, and the opening hours of the establishments followed the peaks of movement. In addition, 73.3% of the advertising referred to ultra-processed drinks, and the cost-benefit of buying ultra-processed food was better than fresh or minimally processed food. CONCLUSION The food environment of bus terminals in the metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro promotes unhealthy eating. Regulatory public policies should focus on initiatives to limit the wide availability and advertising of ultra-processed food in spaces of great circulation of people.


RESUMO OBJETIVO Descrever e analisar a saudabilidade dos estabelecimentos com venda formal e informal de alimentos em terminais rodoviários da região metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro. MÉTODOS Realizou-se auditoria em 156 estabelecimentos formais e 127 pontos informais de venda de alimentos localizados em 14 terminais rodoviários das cinco cidades mais populosas da região metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro. Foram calculadas proporções de tipos de estabelecimentos e médias (IC95%) de indicadores de disponibilidade de alimentos nos ambientes formal e informal. Para o ambiente formal, foram descritos preços, proporções das formas de pagamento aceitas, dias e horários de funcionamento e categorias de alimentos com propaganda exposta. RESULTADOS A saudabilidade dos pontos de venda de alimentos nos terminais rodoviários era baixa (inferior a 36%). Em média, estavam disponíveis para compra 250% mais subgrupos de alimentos ultraprocessados do que in natura ou minimamente processados. Adquirir comida nesses locais era conveniente porque diversas formas de pagamento estavam disponíveis e os horários de funcionamento dos estabelecimentos acompanhavam os picos de movimentação. Além disso, 73,3% das propagandas se referiam a bebidas ultraprocessadas e o custo-benefício da compra de alimentos ultraprocessados era melhor que o de alimentos in natura ou minimamente processados. CONCLUSÃO O ambiente alimentar dos terminais rodoviários da região metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro promove uma alimentação não saudável. Políticas públicas de regulação devem se concentrar em iniciativas que limitem a ampla disponibilidade e publicidade de alimentos ultraprocessados nesses espaços de grande circulação de pessoas.


Subject(s)
Transportation , Food Quality , Urban Health , Commerce , Food , Feeding in the Urban Context
9.
Braz. j. biol ; 84: e263214, 2024. tab, graf
Article in English | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1384073

ABSTRACT

The aim of the present work was to evaluate and analyze the growth and mineral nutrition response of stone pine (Pinus pinea L.) seedlings, an economically important forest species. We analyzed the salinity effects on the kinetics of growth, development, and absorption of nutrients of plants cultivated under controlled conditions on a solid organic substrate. Pinus pinea plants were able to tolerate 25 mM NaCl concentration without reduced growth compared to the non-saline control. However, the salt concentration of 50 mM significantly affected the seedling growth after two weeks of treatment. Root growth activity was decreased more than the aerial parts at applied NaCl concentrations. On the other hand, seedlings restricted the transport of Na+ ions to the aerial parts and were strongly selective in favour of K+ ions. The presence of NaCl in the culture medium decreased the absorption rate and the export of K+ and Na+ ions to the aerial parts. This was reflected in the accumulation way of these two ions in the whole plant.


O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar e analisar a resposta de crescimento e nutrição mineral de mudas de pinheiro-manso (Pinus pinea L.), uma espécie florestal economicamente importante. Analisamos os efeitos da salinidade na cinética de crescimento, desenvolvimento e absorção de nutrientes de plantas cultivadas sob condições controladas em substrato orgânico sólido. As plantas de P. pinea foram capazes de tolerar a concentração de 25 mM de NaCl sem redução do crescimento em comparação com o controle não salino. No entanto, a concentração de sal de 50 mM afetou significativamente o crescimento das plântulas após duas semanas de tratamento. A atividade de crescimento das raízes foi mais reduzida do que as partes aéreas nas concentrações de NaCl aplicadas. Por outro lado, as plântulas restringiram o transporte de íons Na+ para a parte aérea e foram fortemente seletivas em favor dos íons K+. A presença de NaCl no meio de cultura diminuiu a taxa de absorção e a exportação de íons K+ e Na+ para as partes aéreas. Isso se refletiu na forma de acúmulo desses dois íons em toda a planta.


Subject(s)
Nutrients , Pinus/growth & development , Salt Stress
10.
MHSalud ; 20(2): 88-102, Jul.-Dec. 2023. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, SaludCR | ID: biblio-1558377

ABSTRACT

Resumen: Objetivo: El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar los efectos de un programa escolar sobre la satisfacción de la competencia y la predisposición a participar en una Unidad Didáctica (UD) de bicicleta todo terreno (BTT) en Educación Física, así como el estado de la conducta de desplazarse en bicicleta. Método: Se realizó un diseño cuasiexperimental, sin grupo control, en el que participaron 98 estudiantes españoles (M=13.95±0.67; 50% chicas) de un centro educativo. El programa de intervención, basado en estrategias de apoyo a la competencia, consistió en una UD de BTT (12 sesiones), el plan de acción tutorial (4 sesiones) y una actividad extraescolar. Resultados: Se encontró un incremento en la satisfacción de competencia (únicamente en los chicos) y la predisposición hacia la UD de BTT en los dos géneros. Asimismo, se incrementó en un 39 % en los chicos y 43 % en las chicas, los estados de "Acción" y "Mantenimiento" en la conducta de desplazarse en bicicleta. Conclusión: Este programa multicomponente, basado en estrategias de apoyo a la competencia, parece ser efectivo para promover el desplazamiento activo en bicicleta entre los adolescentes.


Abstract: Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a school-based intervention program on competence satisfaction, the predisposition to participate in a cycling Didactic Unit (DU) in Physical Education, and the behavior of commuting by bicycle. Method: The study had a quasi-experimental design without a control group, in which 98 Spanish students (M=13.95±0.67; 50% girls) from a high school participated. The intervention program based on supporting competence consisted of a cycling DU (12 sessions), a tutorial action plan (4 sessions), and an extracurricular activity. Results: An increase in competence satisfaction was found only in boys, and the predisposition towards cycling DU was found in both genders. Likewise, the states of "Action" and "Maintenance" in the behavior of commuting by bicycle increased by 39% in boys and 43% in girls. Conclusion: This multi-component program based on strategies to support competence effectively promotes active bicycle commuting among adolescents.


Resumo: Objetivo: O objetivo do presente estudo era avaliar os efeitos de um programa escolar sobre a satisfação com a competição e a predisposição para participar de uma Unidade Didática (UD) relativa ao ciclismo de montanha (MTB) em Educação Física, bem como o estado do comportamento do ciclista. Métodos: noventa e oito estudantes espanhóis (M=13,95±0,67; 50% meninas) de uma escola participaram de um projeto quase experimental, sem grupo de controle. O programa de intervenção, baseado em estratégias de apoio à competência, consistiu em um MTB UD (12 sessões), o plano de ação tutorial (4 sessões) e uma atividade extracurricular. Resultados: Encontramos um aumento na satisfação com a competência (somente em meninos) e predisposição para a MTB em ambos os sexos. Além disso, os estados de "Ação" e "Manutenção" no comportamento ciclístico aumentaram em 39% nos meninos e 43% nas meninas. Conclusão: Este programa multicomponente, baseado em estratégias de apoio à competência, parece ser eficaz na promoção do ciclismo ativo entre os adolescentes.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Physical Education and Training , Off-Road Motor Vehicles , Education, Primary and Secondary , Spain , Surveys and Questionnaires , Motor Activity
11.
Rev. peru. biol. (Impr.) ; 30(4)oct. 2023.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1530335

ABSTRACT

En el presente trabajo se estudia la actividad horaria de los mamíferos que habitan el área circundante a la línea transportadora de gas de Camisea que atraviesa la Reserva Comunal Machiguenga. Desde febrero del 2020 hasta enero del 2021, se realizó un registro fotográfico mediante cámaras trampa dispuestas a lo largo de la tubería de gas. Los patrones de actividad se estimaron mediante la función de densidad de Kernel. Durante el periodo de estudio, se registraron 25 especies de mamíferos. Se encontró que Dasyprocta kalinowskii y Eira barbara presentan un patrón de actividad diurno; mientras que Cuniculus paca, Tapirus terrestris, Dasypus spp. y Mazama spp. presentan un patrón predominantemente nocturno. Se sugiere que los patrones de actividad observados estarían influenciados por varios factores como la exclusión competitiva entre D. kalinowskii y C. paca, disponibilidad estacional del alimento para T. terrestris, variación de temperatura y precipitación para Dasypus spp., restricciones filogenéticas en Mazama spp., y segregación temporal con otros carnívoros para E. barbara. Se destaca la importancia de la colaboración entre las empresas del rubro energético, las comunidades nativas y las organizaciones gubernamentales.


The present study investigates the hourly activity patterns of mammals inhabiting the area surrounding the Camisea gas pipeline that crosses the Machiguenga Communal Reserve. From February 2020 to January 2021, a photographic record was conducted using camera traps placed along the gas pipeline. Activity patterns were estimated using Kernel density functions. During the study period, 25 mammal species were recorded. It was found that Dasyprocta kalinowskii and Eira barbara exhibit a diurnal activity pattern, whereas Cuniculus paca, Tapirus terrestris, Dasypus spp., and Mazama spp. display predominantly nocturnal behavior. It is suggested that observed activity patterns could be influenced by various factors such as competitive exclusion between D. kalinowskii and C. paca, seasonal food availability for T. terrestris, temperature and precipitation variations for Dasypus spp., phylogenetic constraints in Mazama spp., and temporal segregation with other carnivores for E. barbara. The significance of collaboration between energy industry companies, native communities, and governmental organizations is emphasized.

12.
San Salvador; MINSAL; jun. 14, 2023. 65 p. ilus.
Non-conventional in Spanish | BISSAL, LILACS | ID: biblio-1443274

ABSTRACT

La presente norma tiene por objeto, establecer los lineamientos técnicos para la protección de la salud de las personas y el medio ambiente, de los efectos de las radiaciones ionizantes durante el transporte de materiales radiactivos en el territorio nacional; establecer los requerimientos para la caracterización y embalaje de los materiales radiactivos y para el transporte de bultos exceptuados, bultos industriales y bultos del Tipo A, del Tipo B(M), y del Tipo B(U); es aplicable a toda persona natural o jurídica, instituciones públicas y autónomas, que realiza transporte de materiales radiactivos por vía terrestre, acuática o aérea, que contengan radionucleidos, en los cuales tanto la concentración de actividad como la actividad total de la remesa, sobrepasen a los valores límites de exención para materiales o remesas, así como del transporte de objetos contaminados, cuyos valores de contaminación excedan los valores limites que se especifican


The purpose of this standard is to establish technical guidelines for the protection of human health and the environment from the effects of ionizing radiation during the transport of radioactive materials within the national territory; establish requirements for the characterisation and packaging of radioactive materials and for the transport of excepted packages, industrial packages and packages of Type A, Type B(M), and Type B(U); is applicable to any natural or legal person, public and autonomous institutions carrying out transport of radioactive materials by land, water or air, containing radionuclides, in which both the activity concentration and the total activity of the consignment exceed the exemption limit values


Subject(s)
Radioactive Waste , El Salvador
13.
Acta investigación psicol. (en línea) ; 13(1): 18-28, ene.-abr. 2023. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1519888

ABSTRACT

Resumen El traslado cotidiano entre la casa y el trabajo demanda un importante uso de recursos personales y puede llegar a ser estresante. El objetivo fue construir y evaluar una escala de respuestas emocionales por el estrés en el traslado en transporte público para la Zona Metropolitana del Valle de México de manera exploratoria. Método: Se realizó un estudio cualitativo a través de entrevistas semi estructuradas con el propósito de identificar emociones asociadas a la experiencia de estrés por el traslado para desarrollar los reactivos de acuerdo con el contexto. Posteriormente, dos estudios cuantitativos permitieron evaluar las propiedades psicométricas. Participaron 196 y 298 personas respectivamente. La aplicación de la escala se realizó en línea en septiembre de 2020 y abril de 2021. Resultados: la escala incluyó 26 respuestas emocionales asociadas al estrés. En el Análisis Factorial Exploratorio se redujo a nueve emociones negativas (X2=1183, gl=36, p=.001, KMO=.94, 60% de varianza explicada, Alfa ordinal=.93), corroboradas en el Análisis Factorial Confirmatorio (X2=41.87, gl=26, X2/gl=1.61, p=.025; RMR=.036, SRMR=.036, RMSEA=.045; GFI=.997, CFI=.999, TLI=.998). Conclusión: la propuesta exploratoria de la escala para evaluar las respuestas emocionales por el estrés en el traslado presenta valores adecuados para aplicarse en la Zona Metropolitana del Valle de México.


Abstract The stress in urban settings is related to a greater request for personal resources to face situations of daily life, such as the commuting, since in big cities, people spend a lot of time on it, and sometimes is uncomfortable and annoying, which can cause stress. Commuting stress has been assessed, through commuting daily hassles, commuting stressful features and physiological responses, but it is possible assess it through emotional responses. The aim of this study was to develop and assess an exploratory scale of emotional responses for the study of commuting stress by public transport in an urban area of México that is densely populated. Method, a cross sectional design was used, in which a qualitative exploratory study was carried out through 23 individual semi-structured interviews and two focus group, where it was identified the main emotions experienced during the commuting stress to develop the items in the language of the population. Subsequently, those emotions were compared with emotions proposed in previous studies to complement the scale. Thus, 26 emotions were included to assess the commuting stress through emotional responses. Finally, two quantitative studies were carried out to assess the psychometric properties of the scale, in which 196 and 298 people participated, respectively. The scale was applied online in September 2020 and in April 2021. Results, from the 26 emotional stress responses were reduced to nine negative emotions in an Exploratory Factor Analysis (X2=1183, df=36, p=.001, KMO= .94, 60% variance, Alfa ordinal=.93). This solution was corroborated with a Confirmatory Factor Analysis (X2=41.87, d.f.=26, X2/d.f.=1.61, p=.025; RMR= .036, SRMR=.036, RMSEA=.045; GFI=.997, CFI=.999, TLI=.998). Conserve only nine negative emotions is due to statistical analysis but also because some emotions referred to conditions of physical exhaustion or body energy level. On the other hand, positive emotions were related with pleasant commuting situations, not with the commuting stress experience. Conclusion, the exploratory scale to assess the commuting stress through emotional responses presents acceptable values to be applied in this urban area of Mexico.

14.
Rev. colomb. cir ; 38(2): 374-379, 20230303. fig
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1425219

ABSTRACT

Introducción. El embalaje y transporte de estupefacientes dentro del organismo, o body packing, es una práctica frecuente en Centroamérica y el Caribe. Además del riesgo de muerte por la exposición a las sustancias tóxicas, existe el riesgo de complicaciones mecánicas con indicación de manejo quirúrgico. El Hospital de Engativá, por su cercanía al aeropuerto de Bogotá, D.C., Colombia, es el centro de referencia para el tratamiento de estos pacientes. Caso clínico. Un hombre de 65 años traído al hospital por un episodio emético con expulsión de cuatro cápsulas para el transporte de estupefacientes. Al examen físico se encontraron masas palpables en el hemiabdomen superior, sin abdomen agudo. La tomografía de abdomen informó un síndrome pilórico secundario a retención gástrica de cuerpos extraños. Fue llevado a laparotomía y gastrotomía logrando la extracción de 97 objetos cilíndricos de látex que contenían sustancias ilícitas. Discusión. En los body packer asintomáticos, la administración de soluciones laxantes es una estrategia terapéutica segura. Los casos reportados de obstrucción gastrointestinal son infrecuentes y se relacionan con la ingesta de un gran número de cápsulas, por lo que es necesario el tratamiento quirúrgico. Conclusión. El síndrome pilórico es una presentación infrecuente en un body packer. Se debe tener un alto índice de sospecha para garantizar un manejo oportuno


Introduction. Packaging and transportation of narcotic drugs inside a human body, or body packing, is a frequent practice in Central America and the Caribbean. In addition to the risk of death due to exposure to toxic substances, there is a risk of mechanical complications with an indication for surgical management. The Engativá Hospital, due to its proximity to the airport in Bogotá, D.C., Colombia, is the reference center for the treatment of these patients. Clinical case. A 65-year-old man brought to the hospital for an emetic episode with expulsion of four narcotic transport capsules. Physical examination revealed palpable masses in the upper abdomen, without an acute abdomen. Abdominal tomography revealed pyloric syndrome secondary to gastric retention of foreign bodies. He was taken to laparotomy and gastrotomy, achieving the extraction of 97 cylindrical latex objects that contained illicit substances. Discussion. In asymptomatic body packers, the administration of laxative solutions is a safe therapeutic strategy. Reported cases of gastrointestinal obstruction are infrequent and are related to the ingestion of a large number of capsules, for which surgical treatment is necessary. Conclusion. Pyloric syndrome is an uncommon presentation in body packers. A high index of suspicion is required to ensure timely management


Subject(s)
Humans , Gastric Outlet Obstruction , Body Packing , Laparotomy
15.
Rev. cuba. med. mil ; 52(1)mar. 2023.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1521977

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Durante el año 2020, más de 284 millones de personas en el mundo se afectaron por el consumo de drogas. Estas se transportan en diferentes formas de embalaje o en el propio cuerpo y son los llamados correos humanos. Las personas que utilizan el interior del cuerpo con esos fines se describen con varios términos, entre ellos body packers o mulas de drogas. Es una práctica peligrosa, con graves consecuencias médico-legales. Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica de documentos indexados en las bases de datos SciELO, PubMed y Google académico. Se incluyeron los artículos a texto completo, en español, portugués e inglés, publicados desde 2018 hasta 2022, relacionados con el tema. Objetivo: Examinar las formas de enfrentar desde el punto de vista médico un problema de salud como el body packer. Desarrollo: En la actividad de body packer participan individuos de ambos sexos, de todos los grupos etarios. Las sustancias trasportadas son: cocaína, heroína, anfetaminas, marihuana, hachís y drogas sintéticas. Se portan entre 50 a 200 cápsulas con 5 a 10 kilogramos de la sustancia total. Para su evaluación son necesarios estudios imagenológicos que varían en sensibilidad y disponibilidad. Más del 80 % de los casos son asintomáticos, resuelven con estricta vigilancia y uso de polietilenglicol para la evacuación intestinal; el resto de los casos, desarrollan el síndrome de body packer, requieren tratamiento quirúrgico y apoyo con tratamiento sintomático y específico. Conclusiones: Para el body packer está prevista la realización de estudios imagenológicos, así como el tratamiento médico o quirúrgico según las formas clínicas que se presenten.


Introduction: During the year 2020, more than 284 million people in the world were affected by the consumption of drugs, which are transported in different forms of packaging or using the body itself, called human couriers; people who use the inside of their body for these purposes are described by various terms, including body packers or drug mules, a dangerous practice, with serious medical-legal consequences. A bibliographic review of documents indexed in the SciELO, PubMed and academic Google databases is carried out. Full text articles, in Spanish, Portuguese and English, published from 2018 to 2022, related to the topic were included. Objective: To examine the ways to deal with a health problem such as body packer from a medical point of view. Development: Individuals of both sexes, of all age groups, participate in the body packer activity. The transported substances are: cocaine, heroin, amphetamines, marijuana, hashish and synthetic drugs. Between 50 and 200 capsules with 5 to 10 kilograms of the total substance are carried. Imaging studies that vary in sensitivity and availability are necessary for its evaluation. More than 80% of cases are asymptomatic, resolve with strict surveillance and use of polyethylene-glycol for bowel evacuation; the rest of the cases develop body packer syndrome and require surgical treatment and support with symptomatic and specific treatment. Conclusions: For the body packer, imaging studies are planned, as well as medical or surgical treatment according to the clinical forms that occur.

16.
Enferm Intensiva (Engl Ed) ; 34(1): 27-42, 2023.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36774249

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Aeromedical evacuation missions to transport highly infectious critical COVID-19 patients involve multiple factors, therefore planning is essential in their preparation. The management of specialist nurses is cross-cutting, as they participate in the planning, organisation and implementation of aero-evacuation protocols, delivery of care and operational safety procedures throughout the operation, with an integrated aeromedical crew working as a team alongside the air crew. OBJECTIVE: To study the management of nurses specialised in the aero-evacuation of highly infectious critical patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. DESIGN: Through a systematic search of the biomedical literature, this study was conducted according to the standards of the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions and PRISMA. The literature search included articles published from 2019 to August 2020 and meta-search engines, yielding a total of 142 articles, and a triangulation of information was performed. A total of 11 articles were eventually included in the review, and the validity of each article was determined according to the guidelines of the Joanna Briggs Institute level of evidence. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: The systematic review identified 11 studies that use different methodological considerations for conducting an aeromedical evacuation and covering key aspects for a successful operation. CONCLUSION: The management of specialist nurses has a direct impact on the aeromedical evacuation of the critical patient. It covers planning, organisation, and operational safety, applied in the instruction, training, execution and strict monitoring of the work of the aeromedical crew as a solid team. This contributes to the success of the aero-evacuation mission and the infectious patient's high likelihood of survival during the COVID-19 pandemic.


Subject(s)
Air Ambulances , COVID-19 , Communicable Diseases , Nurses , Humans , Pandemics
17.
Semina ciênc. agrar ; 44(1): 415-426, jan.-fev. 2023. tab
Article in English | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1428448

ABSTRACT

The objective of this study was to examine the effects of behavioral differences in cattle on bruising on different cuts and on carcass yield. A total of 4,061 lots of cattle were evaluated, which corresponded to 199,026 carcasses. Animal temperament was classified as calm, anxious, or excited. The following carcass cuts were evaluated: round, rump, shin, thin flank, tenderloin, and rib. Of the total number of slaughtered animals, 68.26% had at least one type of bruise with complete removal of the affected tissue. There was an interaction effect between sex and temperament on the occurrence of bruises on the different cuts and on carcass yield. In castrated males, bruises on the round, rump, shin, and tenderloin cuts did not differ between temperament classes, but the excited males showed more bruises on the thin flank and rib cuts. Among the females, for all cuts, the number of bruises was higher (P<0.05) in those with excited temperament than in the anxious and calm animals, which did not differ (P>0.05). Additionally, carcass yield relative to plant weight decreased (P<0.05), with the calm females exhibiting the highest values, followed by those with anxious and excited temperament. In the castrated males, however, although performance declined, those with anxious and excited temperament did not differ (P>0.05). Females and more reactive animals have more bruises on their carcass.(AU)


O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar os efeitos das diferenças comportamentais dos bovinos e seus reflexos nas contusões nos diferentes cortes e nos valores de rendimento de carcaça. Foram avaliados 4.061 lotes de bovinos, perfazendo 199.026 mil carcaças. O temperamento animal foi classificado em calmo, ansioso e excitado. Foram avaliados os cortes das carcaças divididas em coxa, alcatra, dianteiro e lombo, vazio e costela. Do total de lotes de animais abatidos, 68,26% apresentaram pelo menos um tipo de contusão com remoção completa do tecido afetado. Ocorreu interação entre o sexo e temperamento animal para os diferentes cortes na ocorrência de contusões e no rendimento de carcaça. Nos machos castrados as contusões dos cortes da coxa, alcatra, dianteiro e lombo não diferiram entre as classes de temperamento, tendo os animais agressivos mais contusões nos cortes do vazio e costela. Nas fêmeas em todos os cortes, as quantidades de contusões verificadas foram superiores (P<0,05) para animais com comportamento excitado do que animais ansiosos e calmos, não ocorrendo diferença entre os mesmos (P>0,05). O rendimento de carcaça em relação do peso de frigorífico quanto as classes comportamentais, nas fêmeas foi decrescente (P<0,05) com maiores valores para animais calmos, seguidos dos animais ansiosos e com menores rendimentos para animais com temperamento excitado, enquanto nos machos castrados, embora o rendimento tenha sido decrescente, animais com temperamento ansioso e excitado não diferiram (P>0,05). Carcaças oriundas de fêmeas e de animais com maior reatividade apresentam mais lesões.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Sexual Behavior, Animal/physiology , Behavior, Animal/physiology , Cattle/physiology , Animal Welfare , Agribusiness , Meat
18.
Rev. Asoc. Odontol. Argent ; 111(1): 1-1, feb. 2023. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1431216

ABSTRACT

Resumen Objetivo: Comparar la capacidad de centrado y el transporte apical de los sistemas Reciproc Blue y XP-endo Shaper en bloques de resina con fotografías pre y posoperatorias yuxtapuestas, mediante un programa de análisis de imágenes. Materiales y Métodos: Se dividieron al azar 20 tacos de resina en dos grupos (n=10) preparados con XP-endo Sha- per y Reciproc Blue respectivamente. Se tomaron fotografías digitales de los tacos, antes y después de la preparación con cada sistema en una misma posición. Luego las fotografías obtenidas fueron yuxtapuestas mediante el software Photo shop. Se midieron las desviaciones del centro del conducto con respecto a la pared interna y externa del mismo en diversos puntos de referencia preestablecidos. Estos datos fueron analizados estadísticamente con el test de ANOVA. Resultados: Ambos sistemas produjeron transporte y desviación respecto a la trayectoria original del conducto radicular, pero el análisis estadístico (ANOVA Factorial 2x8) no cuantificó diferencias significativas entre ambos sistemas (p=0,4044) Conclusiones: Bajo las condiciones de este trabajo, ambos sistemas producen transporte y desviación respecto a la trayectoria original del conducto radicular.


Abstract Aim: To compare the centering capacity and apical transport of the Reciproc Blue and X-Pendo Shaper system in resin blocks with juxtaposed pre and postoperative photographs, using the Photoshop software. Materials and methods: 20 resin plugs were randomly divided into two groups (n=10) that were prepared with XP-endo Shaper and Reciproc Blue respectively. Digital photographs of the blocks were taken, before and after preparation, with each system in the same position. Then the obtained photographs were juxtaposed using Photoshop software. The deviations of the center of the canal, with respect to its inter nal and external wall, were measured at various pre-established reference points. These data were statistically analysed with the ANOVA test. Results: Both systems produced transport and deviation from the original trajectory of the root canal, but the statistical analysis (2x8 Factorial ANOVA) did not quantify significant differences between both systems (p=0.4044) Conclusions: Under the conditions of this work, both systems produce transport and deviation with respect to the original trajectory of the root canal.

19.
J. bras. pneumol ; J. bras. pneumol;49(2): e20220312, 2023. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1421971

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of treatment with elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor (ELX/TEZ/IVA) and to characterize its safety profile in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients in a real-world clinical setting. Methods: This was a prospective observational study carried out in a CF referral center in Portugal involving adult CF patients who started treatment with ELX/TEZ/IVA. Clinical characteristics of the patients were collected, and effectiveness and safety data were evaluated. Results: Of the 56 patients followed in the center at the time of the study, 28 were eligible for ELX/TEZ/IVA treatment in accordance with the Portuguese National Authority for Medicines and Health Products at the time of the study. Of these, 24 met the follow-up time requirement to be included in the clinical effectiveness analysis. The mean follow-up time was 167.3 ± 96.4 days. Adverse events were generally mild and self-limited. Significant improvements in lung function, BMI, sweat chloride concentration, and number of pulmonary exacerbations were observed. No significant differences in outcomes between F508del homozygous and heterozygous patients were found. The effectiveness of this new CFTR modulator combination also applied to patients with advanced lung disease. Conclusions: Treatment with ELX/TEZ/IVA showed effective improvement in real-world clinical practice, namely in lung function, BMI, sweat chloride concentration, and number of pulmonary exacerbations, with no safety concerns.


RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a efetividade do tratamento com elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor (ELX/TEZ/IVA) e caracterizar seu perfil de segurança em pacientes com fibrose cística (FC) em um cenário clínico de mundo real. Métodos: Estudo observacional prospectivo realizado em um centro de referência em FC de Portugal com pacientes adultos com FC que iniciaram o tratamento com ELX/TEZ/IVA. As características clínicas dos pacientes foram coletadas, e os dados de efetividade e segurança, avaliados. Resultados: Dos 56 pacientes acompanhados no centro na época do estudo, 28 eram elegíveis para o tratamento com ELX/TEZ/IVA de acordo com a Autoridade Nacional do Medicamento e Produtos de Saúde. Destes, 24 atenderam ao requisito de tempo de acompanhamento para inclusão na análise de efetividade clínica. O tempo médio de acompanhamento foi de 167,3 ± 96,4 dias. Os eventos adversos foram geralmente leves e autolimitados. Foram observadas melhoras significativas na função pulmonar, no IMC, na concentração de cloreto no suor e no número de exacerbações pulmonares. Não foram encontradas diferenças significativas nos resultados entre os pacientes homozigotos e heterozigotos para F508del. A efetividade dessa nova combinação de moduladores da CFRT em fibrose cística também se aplica a pacientes com doença pulmonar avançada. Conclusões: O tratamento com ELX/TEZ/IVA demonstrou melhora efetiva na prática clínica real, a saber, na função pulmonar, no IMC, na concentração de cloreto no suor e no número de exacerbações pulmonares, sem preocupações de segurança.

20.
Braz. J. Biol. ; 83: 1-7, 2023. tab, graf
Article in English | VETINDEX | ID: vti-765411

ABSTRACT

The objective of this study was to evaluate the properties of garlic as a growth promoter in larvae of angelfish Pterophyllum scalare and its benefits during transport of juveniles of this species. The experiment was conducted in recirculation aquaculture system, consisting of 20 tanks of 40 L equipped with independent water input and output. We used 1,400 larvae distributed among five treatments, with four repetitions, which totaled 20 experimental units. The treatments were 0, 50, 100, 200, and 400 mg of garlic extract per kilo of feed. The results showed that the inclusion of levels of garlic extract in the feed did not significantly effect the fishs development or their transport. Neither did the inclusion of levels of garlic extract affect the survival of the larvae during the trial period. New research with extracts of higher dosages should be performed to elucidate the effect of garlic extract as a growth promoter.(AU)


O estudo teve como objetivo avaliar as propriedades do alho como promotor de crescimento em larvas de acará bandeira Pterophyllum scalare e seus benefícios no transporte de juvenis da mesma espécie. O experimento foi conduzido em sistema de recirculação composto por 20 aquários de 40 L de volume útil, dotado de entrada e saída de água independentes e teve a duração de 40 dias. O delineamento experimental adotado foi o inteiramente casualizado (DIC), com cinco tratamentos e quatro repetições, totalizando 20 unidades experimentais. Foram utilizadas 1.400 larvas de acará bandeira (Pterophyllum scalare) divididas entre os tratamentos. Os tratamentos consistiram em: 0, 50, 100, 200 e 400 mg de extrato de alho por quilo de ração. Os resultados mostraram que não houve efeito significativo dos níveis de inclusão do extrato do alho sobre os índices zootécnicos avaliados e posteriormente no transporte dos juvenis. Também não foi observado influência na sobrevivência das larvas durante o período experimental. Novas pesquisas com dosagens maiores de extratos devem ser realizados para melhor elucidação do efeito do extrato de alho como promotor de crescimento.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Perciformes/growth & development , Garlic , Diet
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