Directionally Illuminated Autostereoscopy with Seamless Viewpoints for Multi-Viewers.

Autostereoscopy is usually perceived at finite viewpoints that result from the separated pixel array of a display system. With directionally illuminated autostereoscopy, the separation of the illumination channel from the image channel provides extra flexibility in optimizing the performance of autostereoscopy. This work demonstrates that by taking advantage of illumination freedom, seamless viewpoints in the sweet viewing region, where the ghosting does not cause significant discomfort, are realized. This realization is based on illuminating the screen with a polyline array of light emitting diodes (LEDs), and continuous viewpoints are generated through independent variation in the radiance of each individual LED column. This new method is implemented in the directionally illuminated display for both single and multiple viewers, proving its effectiveness as a valuable technique for achieving a high-quality and high-resolution autostereoscopic display with seamless viewpoints.

Is Anosognosia for Left-Sided Hemiplegia Due to a Specific Self-Awareness Defect or to a Poorly Conscious Working Mode Typical of the Right Hemisphere?

This review aimed to evaluate whether the association between 'anosognosia for hemiplegia' and lesions of the right hemisphere points to a special self-awareness role of the right side of the brain, or could instead be due to a working mode typical of the right hemisphere. This latter viewpoint is consistent with a recently proposed model of human brain asymmetries that assumes that language lateralization in the left hemisphere might have increased the left hemisphere's level of consciousness and intentionality in comparison with the right hemisphere's less conscious and more automatic functioning. To assess these alternatives, I tried to ascertain whether anosognosia is greater for left-sided hemiplegia than for other disorders provoked by right brain lesions, or whether unawareness prevails in tasks more clearly related to the disruption of the right hemisphere's more automatic (and less conscious) functioning. Data consistent with the first alternative would support the existence of a specific link between anosognosia for hemiplegia and self-awareness, whereas data supporting the second option would confirm the model linking anosognosia to a poorly conscious working mode typical of the right hemisphere. Analysis results showed that the incidence of anosognosia of the highly automatic syndrome of unilateral neglect was greater than that concerning the unawareness of left hemiplegia, suggesting that anosognosia for left-sided hemiplegia might be due to the poorly conscious working mode typical of the right hemisphere.

Development of Conductive Hydrogels for Fabricating Flexible Strain Sensors.

Conductive hydrogels can be prepared by incorporating various conductive materials into polymeric network hydrogels. In recent years, conductive hydrogels have been developed and applied in the field of strain sensors owing to their unique properties, such as electrical conductivity, mechanical properties, self-healing, and anti-freezing properties. These remarkable properties allow conductive hydrogel-based strain sensors to show excellent performance for identifying external stimuli and detecting human body movement, even at subzero temperatures. This review summarizes the properties of conductive hydrogels and their application in the fabrication of strain sensors working in different modes. Finally, a brief prospectus for the development of conductive hydrogels in the future is provided.

Working Mode and Physical Activity as Factors Determining Stress and Sleep Quality during COVID-19 Pandemic Lockdown in Poland.

The coronavirus pandemic and related government restrictions have a significant impact on peoples' everyday functioning and working, which influences their physical and mental health. The aim of the study was to examine the associations between stress and sleep quality of people of different working modes: working in the workplace (WP), working remotely (RW), and nonworking (NW) in relation to their physical activity (PA) during COVID-19 pandemic lockdown in Poland. It was an online survey performed during governmental lockdown in April 2020. The data were collected form 1959 adults using International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). The conducted analysis included t-Student test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and mediation analysis (MANOVA). A moderate level of stress was reported in 57% of participants, and 34% of them reported a high stress level. Poor sleep quality was reported in 64% of participants. Total PA performed daily was, on average, 184.8 ± 170.5 min/day for WP, 120.6 ± 124.4 min/day for RW, and 124.6 ± 114.7 min/day for NW (p < 0.001). There was a relationship observed between the stress and sleep quality vs. PA habit and working mode, with p < 0.05. Being physically active can be beneficial to perceive less stress and sleep disturbances influencing sleep quality, especially in remotely or nonworking people. Planning future pandemic restrictions, the policymakers should be aware of the appropriate guidelines of work planning and PA recommendations for people of different working modes.

Working Mode and Case Analysis of the First Pharmaceutical Ward Rounds in Our Hospital / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE：To est ablish the working mode of the first pharmaceutical ward rounds of clinical pharmacists in our hospital，in order to provide a useful reference for establishing a national standardized pharmaceutical ward rounds model. METHODS：By sharing the clinical cases of the first pharmaceutical ward rounds ，the work content and process of the first pharmaceutical ward rounds in our hospital were introduced. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS ：The clinical pharmacist ’s first pharmaceutical ward round in our hospital mainly includes self introduction of clinical pharmacists ，diagnosis of patients ’condition under the guidance of doctors ，collection and evaluation of patients ’previous medication information （including previous medication varieties ，usage methods ，efficacy and safety evaluation ），assistance for doctors in formulating initial treatment plan ， carrying out initial medication and diet education ，and intensive communication and cooperation with nurses. The development of first pharmaceutical ward rounds promotes the rational use of drugs in clinic ，elevates the hospitalization satisfaction of patients and improves the professional quality of clinical pharmacists.

Effects of multi-mode S-type ultrasound pretreatment on the preparation of ACE inhibitory peptide from rice protein.

The effects of ultrasound working modes using multi-mode S-type ultrasound on the preparation of bioactive peptide from rice protein (RP) were studied with the ACE inhibitory activity of protein-hydrolysate after gastrointestinal simulated digestion as the index. The structure characterizations of protein and enzymolysis products were also studied. Results showed that all the ultrasound working modes pretreatment increased the ACE inhibitory activity significantly (p < 0.05) and 20/40 kHz dual-frequency ultrasound showed the most significant impact, which increased by 38.28% and 27.47% compared to control and ultrasound cleaning machine, respectively. After pretreated by 20/40 kHz dual-frequency ultrasound, the soluble and hydrophobic protein contents, free sulfhydryl content and surface hydrophobicity of RP increased. And the peptide content and hydrophobic amino acid content of protein-hydrolysate after gastrointestinal simulated digestion showed higher value (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the multi-mode S-type ultrasound pretreatment is an effective way in preparation of ACE inhibitory peptide from RP.

Biomechanical effects of the working modes of LVADs on the aortic valve: A primary numerical study.

Aortic valve diseases caused by the support from left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) have attracted increasing attention due to the wide application of the LVADs. However, the biomechanical effects of the working modes of LVADs on the aortic valve are still poorly understood. Hence, in this study, these biomechanical effects are investigated using a novel fluid-structure interaction method, which combines the lattice Boltzmann and the finite element methods. On the basis of the clinical practice, three working modes of LVADs, namely, the constant flow, co-pulse, and counter pulse modes, are chosen. Results demonstrate that the working mode of LVADs is an important factor as it can change the biomechanical states of the aortic valve and the hemodynamic environment in the aortic root directly. Compared with the constant flow mode, the two other working modes can provide better biomechanical effects on the aortic valve. However, the advantages of the co-pulse and the counter pulse modes on the aortic valve are not the same. The LVADs in the co-pulse mode can remarkable reduce the pressure load of the leaflets during the diastolic phase (maximum stress: co-pulse mode, 0.85 MPa; constant flow mode, 1.23 MPa; counter pulse mode, 1.50 MPa). By contrast, the LVADs in the counter pulse mode can achieve the highest effective orifice area of the aortic valve (co-pulse mode: 0.12 cm2, constant flow mode: 0.17 cm2, counter pulse mode: 0.25 cm2). In sum, the co-pulse mode is suitable for patients with certain cardiac function, because this mode keeps the valve open intermittently and reduces the pressure load on the aortic leaflets during the diastolic phase to prevent valve remodeling. By contrast, the counter pulse mode is suitable for patients with severely impaired cardiac function, because this mode keeps the valve open as much as possible and provides high blood perfusion.

Practical experience and lessons learnt on COVID-19 prevention and control in Huangpu District, Shanghai / 上海预防医学

Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) quickly spread from Wuhan, Hubei Province to other provinces in China since December 2019.Huangpu District of Shanghai was one of the areas where COVID-19 was found at an earlier time in people coming from Wuhan.By summarizing and reviewing the experience and lessons learnt in Huangpu District, the article explores the working mode for public health interventions to prevent and control COVID-19, providing reference for other cities in this regard.

Working Mode Exploration for Antineoplastic Clinical Pharmacists Participating in Clinical Rational Drug Use / 中国药师

Objective:To explore the ideas and techniques of antineoplastic clinical pharmacists in clinical practice. Methods:Antineoplastic clinical pharmacists studied the pharmacology, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of common antineoplastic a-gents,mastered clinical practice guidelines and expert consensus for common tumors and their complications, dealt with and summa-rized the participation in clinical practice. Results:Pharmacists preliminarily set out the antitumor adjuvant directory,and participated in the clinical rational drug use through the following aspects as the breakthrough points: reforming the doctor's advice, reconsidering wisely on health care,evaluating medicine temporary purchase and formulating clinical pathways. Conclusion:Antineoplastic clinical pharmacists can better promote the control of drug proportion and ensure the safety of patients.

Practice of Drug Storehouse Management Work Based on Intelligent System in Our Hospital / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To change traditional working mode of drug storehouse by applying intelligent system,improve drug storage management,improve work efficiency and quality of drug storehouse,and to provide reference for hospital drug storehouse information management. METHODS:The changes of drug storehouse working mode and management in our hospital were compared before and after the application of intelligent drug storehouse management system. The time taken to complete individual work and the times of error occurrence 12 weeks before and after the application of the system were adopted as indexes to evaluate the effects of the system. RESULTS:Through the combination of Internet+Internet of things bar code,radio frequency identification,electronic tags,etc.,intelligent drug storehouse management system,which included temperature and humidity management,drug storehouse management,supply chain management three modules,was established in our hospital. Its application improved the drug storehouse working mode and process,strengthened the drug storehouse management in respect of staff,supplier,cold chain drugs and special drugs. Before application,average weekly time-consuming of drug shelfing,bill warehousing,outgoing and deliverying and inventory were(11.92 ± 0.701)h,(13.96 ± 0.752)h,(14.96 ± 0.542)h,(4.58 ± 0.376)h;the times of errors within 12 weeks were 10,8,9,2,respectively. After application of the system,average weekly time-consuming were(9.83±0.718)h,(11.29±0.753)h,(9.91±0.557)h,(3.00±0.316)h,respectively(vs. before application, all P<0.05). The times of errors within 12 weeks were 1,1,2,0. CONCLUSIONS:The application of intelligent drug storehouse management system optimizes workflow of drug storehouse in our hospital,strengthens the management of drug storehouse,and improves working efficiency and quality of the drug storehouse.

The SAR Payload Design and Performance for the GF-3 Mission.

This paper describes the C-band multi-polarization Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) sensor for the Gaofen-3 (GF-3) mission. Based on the requirement analysis, the design of working modes and SAR payload are given. An accurate antenna model is introduced for the pattern optimization and SAR performance calculation. The paper concludes with an overview of predicted performance which was verified by in-orbit tests.

Effects of ultrasound pretreatment with different frequencies and working modes on the enzymolysis and the structure characterization of rice protein.

The effects of ultrasound pretreatment with different frequencies and working modes, including mono-frequency ultrasound (MFU), dual-frequency ultrasound (DFU) and tri-frequency ultrasound (TFU), on the degree of hydrolysis (DH) of rice protein (RP) and angiotensin-I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity of RP hydrolysate were investigated. Ultraviolet-visible (UV) spectroscopy, fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, surface hydrophobicity and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of RP pretreated with ultrasound were measured. The results showed that ultrasound pretreatment did not increase DH of RP significantly (p>0.05). However, all the ultrasound pretreatment increased the ACE inhibitory activity of RP hydrolysate significantly (p<0.05). The MFU of 20kHz showed higher ACE inhibitory activity compared to that of other MFU. The ACE inhibitory activity of sequential DFU was higher than that of simultaneous with the same frequency combination. Sequential TFU of 20/35/50kHz produced the highest increase in ACE inhibitory activity in contrast with other ultrasound frequencies and working modes. All the results under ultrasound pretreatment showed that ultrasound frequencies and working modes were of great effect on the ACE inhibitory activity of RP. The changes in UV-Vis spectra and surface hydrophobicity indicated the unfolding of protein and exposure of hydrophobic groups by ultrasound. The FTIR analysis showed that all the ultrasound pretreatment with different frequencies and working modes decreased α-helix, ß-turn content and increased ß-sheet, random coil content of RP. The SEM results indicated that ultrasound pretreatment resulted in the deformation of RP. In conclusion, the frequency selection of ultrasound pretreatment of RP is essential for the preparation of ACE inhibitory peptide.

Isolated heart models for studying cardiac electrophysiology: a historical perspective and recent advances.

Experimental models used in cardiovascular research range from cellular to whole heart preparations. Isolated whole hearts show higher levels of structural and functional integration than lower level models such as tissues or cellular fragments. Cardiovascular diseases are multi-factorial problems that are dependent on highly organized structures rather than on molecular or cellular components alone. This article first provides a general introduction on the animal models of cardiovascular diseases. It is followed by a detailed overview and a historical perspective of the different isolated heart systems with a particular focus on the Langendorff perfusion method for the study of cardiac arrhythmias. The choice of species, perfusion method, and perfusate composition are discussed in further detail with particular considerations of the theoretical and practical aspects of experimental settings.

Application and estimation of 3D Reconstruction system in clinical departments of hospital / 医疗卫生装备

Objective To investigate the application of 3D reconstruction system in the clinical departments of the hospital.Methods 3D reconstruction system had its architecture,main features,working flow and principle of auto preprocessing software introduced,and then applied to auto preprocessing of PACS images to realize auto reconstruction,which had the function of 3D post processing.Results 3D reconstruction system gifted the doctor in clinical departments with the access to the images and after treatment,and changed the traditional working mode in imaging department.Conclusion Fusion imaging has 3D reconstruction as the main technique,which eliminates the deficiency in reading radiological images and innovates medical service mode.

Research of Project Management Working Mode of National Drug Reference Standards / 中国药师

To explore the establishment of a scientific and innovative working mode of the national drug reference standards. Methods:Project management was adopted. Results and Conclusion: The project management mode can effectively ar-range the work of the national drug reference standards including raw material collection, research, review, subpackage, package and so on, which exhibits guiding significance for the development direction and improving products supplement.

Perspectives on development direction of hospital pharmacy and working mode of pharmacist under the new condition of medical reform / 中国药学杂志

OBJECTIVE: To provide references for adapting to the new medical reform and facilitating development of hospital pharmacy. METHODS: By studying and analyzing the new "medical reform" program, comparing the development of hospital pharmacy at home and abroad, hospital pharmacy development direction and pharmacist working mode in China are put forward. RESULTS: The function of hospital pharmaceutical care lags behind the development of new "medical reform", which thus calls for further improvement. CONCLUSION: Under the new condition of medical reform, it is imperative to perfect the related system and implement pharmacist service fee as soon as possible, to facilitate rapid development of pharmacist team and guarantee the system of essential drugs with rational drug use as focus smooth implementation.

Analysis of 410 Cases of Clinical Pharmacist Consultations and Discussion of Working Mode / 中国药师

Objective:To understand the mode and effect of the consultations involved clinical pharmacists, and discuss the work-ing process and mode of the consultations. Methods:Based on the practical work and team discussion, the flow chart and consultation registration form for the clinical pharmacist consultations were established and applied. Totally 410 cases of clinica1 pharmacist consul-tations were retrospectively investigated from March 2009 to December 2012. Results:The consultation flow chart was strictly followed by the clinical pharmacists in our hospital, and the obvious effect was shown. The number of consultation was increased from 59 cases in 2009 to 122 cases in 2013. In all the consultation cases, 21 departments were involved, including the medical departments and the surgery departments. Among the cases,the adjustment in antibacterial drug treatment was the main requirements. Meanwhile, the a-doption rate of the clinical pharmacist suggestions was 95. 12%. Conclusion:Clinical pharmacists are playing an important role in clin-ical treatment. The consultation work can be regulated by the consultation flow chart and registration form with the improved adoption rate and consultation quality.

A Survey on the Mode of Working of Estheticians in OECD Member Nations andSome Asian Countries in Relation to Medical Service / 대한피부과학회지

In 2008, Korea has enacted new ordinances about the role of estheticians, but this law can be interpreted ambiguously, restricting hiring of estheticians in medical clinics. The purpose of the study is to obtain information about medical-esthetic systems in other countries. We have taken a survey of this object from 30 OECD & Asian countries, and the questionnaires returned from a total of 22 countries (Australia, Austria, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Japan, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Portugal, Slovak Republic, Spain, Switzerland, Turkey, United Kingdom, United States, Singapore, Israel, and Thailand), were used for the final analysis. The results are summarized as follows. In most countries, estheticians working independently deal with only healthy, normal skin. In most countries, estheticians working independently have no right to operate any medical instruments. In all 17 countries that returned the questionnaires medical clinics can employ estheticians, and only theses estheticians who belong to the medical clinics can handle the non-invasive medical instruments under the supervision of doctors. In 17 countries that have related legal regulations, nurses, under the control of doctors, can perform wider range of duties in various settings than estheticians. The survey concludes that the duties of estheticians are closely related with medical skin care services and estheticians can perform various non-invasive medical procedures only under the control of doctors. From consulting a variety of medical-esthetic systems in other countries, we propose that the estheticians be allowed to work in medical clinics to provide better medical services for the patients and to make more chances of employment for themselves.

Working Methods and Working Mode of Clinical Pharmacists / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for clinical pharmacists on how to provide better pharmaceutical service for clinic. METHODS: The basic qualities, working place, service mode, cooperation mode etc of the clinical pharmacists were summarized and analyzed and exemplified. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS: Clinical pharmacists should have a certain basic qualities, and they should improve their insight into problems step by step, deepen their cooperation with doctors, and provide comprehensive pharmaceutical service for patients.