ABSTRACT
In this Primer, Seraphim and Houry highlight the structural features and functional diversity of AAA+ proteins and summarise our current knowledge of the molecular mechanisms driving the activities of these proteins.
Subject(s)
AAA Proteins/chemistry , AAA Proteins/physiology , Archaeal Proteins/chemistry , Archaeal Proteins/metabolism , Bacterial Proteins/chemistry , Bacterial Proteins/metabolism , Plant Proteins/chemistry , Plant Proteins/metabolismABSTRACT
The AAA proteins are a family of enzymes that play key roles in diverse dynamic cellular processes, ranging from proteostasis to directional intracellular transport. Dysregulation of AAA proteins has been linked to several diseases, including cancer, suggesting a possible therapeutic role for inhibitors of these enzymes. In the past decade, new chemical probes have been developed for AAA proteins including p97, dynein, midasin, and ClpC1. In this review, we discuss how these compounds have been used to study the cellular functions and conformational dynamics of AAA proteins. We discuss future directions for inhibitor development and early efforts to utilize AAA protein inhibitors in the clinical setting.
