ABSTRACT
Intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) is the persistent increase of intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) that could be caused by several pathologies. It is capable of promoting organ dysfunction, thereby increasing the mortality rate of human patients. As for cats and dogs, there are still few reports on how this pressure can be monitored and treated as a routine for admitted and hospitalized animals and on its relationship with the mortality of the patients. Therefore, the objective of this paper was to report a case of IAH secondary to chronic diaphragmatic rupture in a dog, which was treated with a temporary abdominal closure (TAC). A bitch was admitted to the veterinary hospital to undergo an elective ovariohysterectomy when it was diagnosed with a diaphragmatic rupture and displacement of the liver and intestinal loops in the chest. After repositioning these structures in the abdominal cavity, tension was observed in the abdomen. A temporary abdominal closure was then performed with a Bogota bag. Immediately after the surgery, the IAP was measured, presenting a value of 15 mmHg, indicating that there was an increase in intra-abdominal pressure. The animal was hospitalized, and IAP was monitored. After 24 hours, IAP was 5.8 mmHg when the Bogota bag was removed, and definitive celiorraphy was performed. The patient showed satisfactory clinical progress and was discharged 72 hours after the surgical procedure. The treatment used for IAH proved to be effective and contributed to the quick and satisfactory recovery of the patient.
A hipertensão intra-abdominal (HIA) é o aumento persistente da pressão intra-abdominal (PIA), podendo ser causada por diversas afecções e caraterizada por promover disfunções orgânicas, aumentando a taxa de mortalidade no homem. Em cães e gatos, ainda há poucos relatos da monitoração dessa pressão e do seu tratamento na rotina dos animais admitidos e internados, e sua relação com a mortalidade dos pacientes. Assim, objetivou-se relatar um caso de HIA secundária à ruptura diafragmática crônica em cão, a qual foi tratada com o fechamento abdominal temporário (FAT). Uma cadela foi admitida no hospital veterinário para realização de uma cirurgia de ovário-histerectomia eletiva, quando foi diagnosticada com ruptura diafragmática com fígado e alças intestinais deslocadas para o interior do tórax. Após reposicionamento dessas estruturas na cavidade abdominal, observou-se tensão no abdômen. Realizou-se então o fechamento abdominal temporário com bolsa de Bogotá. Imediatamente após o término da cirurgia, a PIA foi aferida e seu valor era de 15 mmHg, indicando aumento da mesma. O animal foi mantido internado e sua PIA monitorada. Após 24 horas seu valor era de 5,8 mmHg, quando a bolsa de Bogotá foi removida e realizada a celiorrafia definitiva. O paciente teve evolução clínica satisfatória e 72h após a cirurgia recebeu alta hospitalar. O tratamento utilizado para a HIA se mostrou eficaz, contribuindo para a rápida e satisfatória recuperação da paciente.
Subject(s)
Female , Animals , Dogs , Dog Diseases/surgery , Intra-Abdominal Hypertension/surgery , Intra-Abdominal Hypertension/veterinary , Abdominal Muscles/injuries , Rupture/veterinaryABSTRACT
Intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) is the persistent increase of intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) that could be caused by several pathologies. It is capable of promoting organ dysfunction, thereby increasing the mortality rate of human patients. As for cats and dogs, there are still few reports on how this pressure can be monitored and treated as a routine for admitted and hospitalized animals and on its relationship with the mortality of the patients. Therefore, the objective of this paper was to report a case of IAH secondary to chronic diaphragmatic rupture in a dog, which was treated with a temporary abdominal closure (TAC). A bitch was admitted to the veterinary hospital to undergo an elective ovariohysterectomy when it was diagnosed with a diaphragmatic rupture and displacement of the liver and intestinal loops in the chest. After repositioning these structures in the abdominal cavity, tension was observed in the abdomen. A temporary abdominal closure was then performed with a Bogota bag. Immediately after the surgery, the IAP was measured, presenting a value of 15 mmHg, indicating that there was an increase in intra-abdominal pressure. The animal was hospitalized, and IAP was monitored. After 24 hours, IAP was 5.8 mmHg when the Bogota bag was removed, and definitive celiorraphy was performed. The patient showed satisfactory clinical progress and was discharged 72 hours after the surgical procedure. The treatment used for IAH proved to be effective and contributed to the quick and satisfactory recovery of the patient.(AU)
A hipertensão intra-abdominal (HIA) é o aumento persistente da pressão intra-abdominal (PIA), podendo ser causada por diversas afecções e caraterizada por promover disfunções orgânicas, aumentando a taxa de mortalidade no homem. Em cães e gatos, ainda há poucos relatos da monitoração dessa pressão e do seu tratamento na rotina dos animais admitidos e internados, e sua relação com a mortalidade dos pacientes. Assim, objetivou-se relatar um caso de HIA secundária à ruptura diafragmática crônica em cão, a qual foi tratada com o fechamento abdominal temporário (FAT). Uma cadela foi admitida no hospital veterinário para realização de uma cirurgia de ovário-histerectomia eletiva, quando foi diagnosticada com ruptura diafragmática com fígado e alças intestinais deslocadas para o interior do tórax. Após reposicionamento dessas estruturas na cavidade abdominal, observou-se tensão no abdômen. Realizou-se então o fechamento abdominal temporário com bolsa de Bogotá. Imediatamente após o término da cirurgia, a PIA foi aferida e seu valor era de 15 mmHg, indicando aumento da mesma. O animal foi mantido internado e sua PIA monitorada. Após 24 horas seu valor era de 5,8 mmHg, quando a bolsa de Bogotá foi removida e realizada a celiorrafia definitiva. O paciente teve evolução clínica satisfatória e 72h após a cirurgia recebeu alta hospitalar. O tratamento utilizado para a HIA se mostrou eficaz, contribuindo para a rápida e satisfatória recuperação da paciente.(AU)
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Dogs , Dog Diseases/surgery , Intra-Abdominal Hypertension/surgery , Intra-Abdominal Hypertension/veterinary , Rupture/veterinary , Abdominal Muscles/injuriesABSTRACT
Injury of skeletal abdominal muscle wall is a common medical condition and implantation of synthetic or biological material is a procedure to repair musculofascial defects. We proposed to characterize the dynamics of inflammatory cell recruitment, newly formed blood vessels, cytokine production and fibrogenesis in the abdominal skeletal muscle in response to polyether-polyurethane sponge implants in mice. At 2, 4, 7 and 10days after implantation the muscle tissue underneath the sponge matrix was removed for the assessment of the angiogenic response (hemoglobin content, vascular endothelial growth factor and morphometric analysis of the number of vessels) and inflammation (myeloperoxidase and n-acethyl-B-d-glucosaminidase activities, cytokines). In addition, muscle fibrogenesis was determined by the levels of TGF-ß1 and collagen deposition. Hemoglobin content, wash out rate of sodium fluorescein (indicative of blood flow) and the number of vessels increased in the abdominal muscle bearing the synthetic matrix in comparison with the intact muscle. Neutrophil recruitment peaked in the muscle at day 2, followed by macrophage accumulation at day 4 post-injury. The levels of the cytokines, VEGF, TNF-α, CCL-2/MCP-1 were higher in the injured muscle compared with the intact muscle and peaked soon after muscle injury (days 2 to 4). Collagen levels were higher in sponge-bearing muscle compared with the non-bearing tissue soon after injury (day 2). The implantation technique together with the inflammatory and vascular parameters used in this study revealed inflammatory, angiogenic and fibrogenic events and mechanisms associated with skeletal muscle responses to synthetic implanted materials.
Subject(s)
Abdominal Muscles/pathology , Abdominal Wall/pathology , Foreign-Body Reaction/pathology , Inflammation/pathology , Neovascularization, Pathologic/pathology , Abdominal Muscles/blood supply , Abdominal Muscles/injuries , Abdominal Wall/blood supply , Animals , Biomarkers/metabolism , Collagen/metabolism , Cytokines/metabolism , Inflammation/metabolism , Kinetics , Macrophages/pathology , Male , Mice , Neovascularization, Pathologic/metabolism , Neutrophil Infiltration , Neutrophils/pathologyABSTRACT
Determinar los factores de riesgo para lesiones inadvertidas en pacientes laparotomizados por trauma abdominal en el Servicio de Cirugía General del Hospital Manuel Núñez Tovar de Maturín, durante el período enero-septiembre 2008. Estudio prospectivo, transversal, descriptivo y observacional para identificar la incidencia de las lesiones inadvertidas en los pacientes traumatizados moderados o graves, sometidos a laparotomía exploradora durante el período de estudio. Se evalua la edad, sexo, tipo de lesión inadvertida, hora y día del ingreso, índice de Glasgow, estabilidad hemodinámica, índices de trauma (ATI, RTI) y estudios imagenológicos entre otras variables. Hubo un total de 97 pacientes con 384 lesiones, de las cuales, 42 fueron inadvertidas. El análisis univariante de las variables relacionadas con las lesiones no detectadas demostró: un RTI mayor de 9 puntos (R.R=2,45), inestabilidad hemodinámica (R.R=2,18), el Glasgow < 13 puntos (R.R=1,85), puntaje de ATI > 15 (R.R=1,71), y trauma múltiple (R.R=1,62). Fueron identificados varios factores de riesgo para lesiones inadvertidas por lo que se recomienda insistir en la valoración terciaria de todos los pacientes traumatizados.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Adult , Female , Child , Middle Aged , Glasgow Outcome Scale/statistics & numerical data , Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods , Abdominal Muscles/injuries , Urogenital System/injuries , Abdominal Injuries/physiopathology , Thoracic Injuries/etiology , Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena , Tomography/methodsABSTRACT
The case of a strain injury of the internal oblique abdominal muscle in a professional tennis player is presented. This uncommon lesion resulted from eccentric, unbalanced trunk rotation. Magnetic resonance imaging helped to confirm the diagnosis. Tennis specific core strengthening is crucial for rehabilitation and recurrence prevention.
Subject(s)
Abdominal Muscles/injuries , Sprains and Strains/etiology , Tennis/injuries , Adult , Exercise Therapy/methods , Humans , Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods , Male , Secondary Prevention , Sprains and Strains/rehabilitation , Treatment OutcomeSubject(s)
Male , Adult , Abdominal Muscles/injuries , Athletic Injuries/therapy , Pain , Acute DiseaseABSTRACT
The use of cadaver as an experimental model to evaluate tension of the abdominal wall after aponeurotic incisions and muscular undermining is described on this article. The tension required to pull the anterior and the posterior rectus sheaths towards the midline was studied in fresh cadavers at two levels: 3 cm above and 2 cm below the umbilicus. Traction measurement was assessed with a dynamometer attached to suture loops on the anterior and posterior recti sheaths, close to the midline, above and below the umbilicus. The quotient of the force used to mobilize the aponeurotic site to the midline and its resulting displacement was called the traction index. These indices were compared in three situations: 1) prior to any aponeurotic undermining; 2) after the incision of the anterior rectus sheath and the undermining of the rectus muscle from its posterior sheath; and 3) after additionally releasing and undermining of the external oblique muscle. The experimental model described showed to be feasible to demonstrate the effects on tension of the abdominal wall after incisions and undermining of its muscles and aponeurosis.
Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Middle Aged , Cadaver , Hernia, Ventral , Abdominal Muscles/surgery , Abdominal Muscles/injuries , Rectus Abdominis , Traction/methods , Aged, 80 and overABSTRACT
Two types of monofilament polypropylene meshes of markedly different construction, configuration and pore size were compared and used to repair full-thickness muscle defects in the abdominal wall of 22 mongrel dogs to assess their biocompatibility with host tissues. The defects were repaired with Prolene (Ethicon) woven mesh (pore size = 164 x 96 microns) and with an experimental, extruded mesh called T mesh (pore size = 3 mm x 4 mm). On the 30th postoperative day, the animals were sacrificed, and the segments of the abdominal wall containing the implanted meshes were excised. Although the Prolene mesh had greater tensile strength before implantation, 30 days after implantation, the T mesh showed similar tensile strength to Prolene mesh. The collagen densitometry showed a significant increase of total and mature collagen type I deposition in the T mesh. This suggests that the increased mature collagen type I deposition significantly increases the tensile strength of the reinforced mesh tissue and that the larger pore in the T mesh contributed to this finding by allowing increasing fibber orientation within the pores as a result of in vivo tension.
Subject(s)
Abdominal Muscles/injuries , Abdominal Muscles/surgery , Biocompatible Materials , Polypropylenes , Surgical Mesh , Animals , Dogs , Plastic Surgery Procedures , Surface PropertiesABSTRACT
Desde que Selby, en 1906, publicara el primer caso de hernia abdominal traumática (HAT) no más de otros 40 similares han sido comunicados, no conociendo los autores artículos nacionales al respecto. El objetivo del presente trabajo es dar a conocer la experiencia de nuestro hospital en el manejo de estos lesionados la que está basada en 4 pacientes atendidos entre 1995 y 1996. El diagnóstico de HAT se basa en el conocimiento del mecanismo lesional, los que en común tienen el aumento brusco de la presión intraabdominal y en la presencia de elementos clínicos entre los que destacan una piel contundida, en ocaciones equimóticas, pero en la que no hay penetración junto a masa palpable las más de las veces, hecho que estuvo presente en 3 de los 4 casos. El examen de mayor rendimiento es la tomografía axial computarizada, la cual es capaz de mostrar la brecha músculo aponeurótica y eventualmente las asas intestinales extendiéndose baja la piel, ella fue de ayuda diagnóstica en 3 pacientes en que fue practicada. La laparotomía de urgencia es el tratamiento de elección estando orientada a tratar eventualmente lesiones asociadas, las que estuvieron presentes en los 4 accidentados de la serie, y a realizar la plastia de la pared dañada. La morbimortalidad de las HAT está habitualmente dada por las lesiones concomitantes, tal como aconteció en uno de nuestros enfermos
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Middle Aged , Accidental Falls , Hernia, Ventral/etiology , Abdominal Muscles/injuries , Accidents, Occupational , Accidents, Traffic , Digestive System Surgical Procedures , Hernia, Ventral/complications , Hernia, Ventral/surgery , Abdominal Muscles/surgery , Plastic Surgery Procedures , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedABSTRACT
O objetivo deste trabalho foi o de estudar o efeito de duas formas de congelamento na avaliaçao da força de rotura de cicatrizes da parede abdominal de ratos. Foram utilizados 30 ratos machos Wistar, submetidos a laparotomia com técnica de diérese padronizada, distribuidos em 3 grupos com 10 ratos cada. No 14º dia de pós-operatório foram submetidos a eutanásia os ratos de dois grupos que tiveram segmentos músculo-fasciais da parede abdominal envolvendo a cicatriz cirúrgica, conservados em congelador a dezessete graus Célsius negativos (-17 graus Celsius) ou em anidrido carbônico e oitenta graus célsius negativos (-80 graus Celsius) por 20 dias antes de terem sidos submetidos a análise da força de rotura da cicatriz em um tensiômetro. O terceiro grupo (controle) foi submetido a eutanásia e imediatamente avaliado quando a força de rotura. Os resultados encontrados foram analisados estatísticamente. Concluiu-se que as duas formas de congelamento nao interferem na avaliaçao da força de rotura de cicatrizes da parede abdominal de ratos.
Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Cicatrix , Freezing , Abdominal Muscles/injuries , Euthanasia , Rats, WistarABSTRACT
Al realizar estudios de TC de tórax, abdomen o pelvis, frecuentemente se encuentran lesiones de la pared toraco-abdómino-pelviana, que en ocasiones son pasadas por alto, especialmente cuando son de pequeño tamaño. Entre los estudios realizados entre julio de 1991 y agosto de 1996, se presentaron 129 casos en pacientes de ambos sexos con edades entre 20 y 92 años. El propósito de este trabajo es enfatizar la necesidad del análisis de la pared toraco-abdómino-pelviana en la revisión cotidiana de los estudios tomográficos a fin de no pasar por alto lesiones que en algunos casos pueden cambiar la condición de los pacientes y presentar los signos radiológicos que ayuden a la identificación de su etiología (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Tomography, X-Ray Computed/standards , Abdominal Muscles/injuries , Pelvis/pathology , Thorax/pathology , Abdominal Muscles/pathology , Neoplasms/diagnosis , Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Abdominal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Abdominal Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Pelvic Neoplasms/diagnosis , Pelvic Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Thoracic Neoplasms/diagnosis , Thoracic Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Retrospective Studies , Diagnostic Imaging/standardsABSTRACT
Al realizar estudios de TC de tórax, abdomen o pelvis, frecuentemente se encuentran lesiones de la pared toraco-abdómino-pelviana, que en ocasiones son pasadas por alto, especialmente cuando son de pequeño tamaño. Entre los estudios realizados entre julio de 1991 y agosto de 1996, se presentaron 129 casos en pacientes de ambos sexos con edades entre 20 y 92 años. El propósito de este trabajo es enfatizar la necesidad del análisis de la pared toraco-abdómino-pelviana en la revisión cotidiana de los estudios tomográficos a fin de no pasar por alto lesiones que en algunos casos pueden cambiar la condición de los pacientes y presentar los signos radiológicos que ayuden a la identificación de su etiología
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Abdominal Muscles/injuries , Pelvis/pathology , Tomography, X-Ray Computed/standards , Thorax/pathology , Abdominal Neoplasms , Abdominal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Diagnostic Imaging/standards , Abdominal Muscles/pathology , Neoplasms , Neoplasms/diagnosis , Pelvic Neoplasms , Pelvic Neoplasms/diagnosis , Retrospective Studies , Thoracic Neoplasms , Thoracic Neoplasms/diagnosisABSTRACT
Os autores relatam sua experiência com 4 casos de hematoma de bainha dos retos, analisando o diagóstico e a conduta terapêutica
Subject(s)
Humans , Abdominal Muscles/injuries , Hematoma/diagnosis , BrazilABSTRACT
Realizou-se um trabalho experimental em 36 cäes. Descreveu-se a técnica de isolamento do segmento pediculado de seromuscular do intestino delgado, o método de provocar o defeito na bainha anterior dos músculos retos do abdome e a maneira de se fazer a correçäo plástica da brecha aponevrótica com o transplante de seromuscular. Separaram-se os cäes em 3 grupos de 10 animais cada, e estabeleceu-se que seriam sacrificados em dias de pós-operatório (PO) pré-determinados, respectivamente, no 5§, 10§ e 15§ PO. Seis cäes foram excluídos do trabalho porque morreram antes dos dias pré-estabelecidos para a observaçäo pós-operatória. Analisou-se também a evoluçäo pós-operatória dos animais, a integridade macro e microscópica do transplante pediculado e as características da integraçäo desse transplante nos bordos do defeito provocado na aponevrose. Concluiu-se que o transplante se integrou perfeitamente nos bordos do defeito aponevrótico e resistiu a todos os tipos de traçäo a que foi submetido, em decorrência dos aumentos de pressäo intra-abdominal provocadas pelo animal ao defecar, latir, lutar e deambular. Achou-se que os períodos de observaçäo pós-operatório foram insuficientes para testar satisfatoriamente a resistência do transplante e resolveu-se prosseguir a pesquisa antes que se pudesse sugerir sua utilizaçäo no ser humano