ABSTRACT
The presence of Kerstersia gyiorum in lower leg wounds has been reported in case studies from several countries. OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated the antimicrobial susceptibility profile of K gyiorum isolated from a chronic wound. METHODS: An 85-year-old woman with chronic venous insufficiency presented to an intermediate care unit in Niteroi City, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, with an instep chronic wound of 14 cm² with wound duration of 6 months. K gyiorum was identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of ï¬ight, confirmed by 16S rRNA partial sequence analysis, and classified as resistant for ciprofloxacin by reagent strips(minimum inhibitory concentration [MIC] = 32 µg/mL) and the broth macrodilution method (MIC = 8 µg/mL). Intermediate resistance for ciprofloxacin was verified by microscan (MIC = 2 µg/mL). CONCLUSION: The authors identified the first, to their knowledge, lower leg wound with K gyiorum in Brazil and verified that it was ciprofloxacin resistant.
Subject(s)
Alcaligenaceae/drug effects , Ciprofloxacin/therapeutic use , Disease Resistance/drug effects , Leg Ulcer/drug therapy , Wound Healing/drug effects , Aged, 80 and over , Alcaligenaceae/pathogenicity , Brazil , Female , Humans , Leg Ulcer/physiopathology , Microbial Sensitivity Tests/statistics & numerical data , Wound Healing/physiologyABSTRACT
Cytolytic activity against invading microorganisms is one of the innate forms of immunity in invertebrates. A serine protease-associated sialic acid-specific cytolytic lectin was purified using glutaraldehyde-fixed ox erythrocytes from the larval extract of blowfly (Chrysomya megacephala). The purified lectin lysed vertebrate erythrocytes with effective haemolysis of ox red blood cells (RBCs) in an isotonic medium. The degree of haemolytic (HL) activity of the purified cytolytic lectin depended on its concentration, pH, temperature, and calcium ions. It was sensitive to ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid. The native molecular mass of the C-type lectin was 260 ± 26 kDa, comprising four different polypeptide subunits of 75 kDa (pI ~8), 69 kDa (pI ~7.0), 61 kDa (pI ~5.3), and 55 kDa (pI ~4.6). The association between the C-type lectin and serine protease was confirmed by MALDI-TOF-MS analysis that revealed its homology in the same spectral peak as well as the proteases and phenylmethylsulphonyl fluoride inhibition of HL activity. Haemolysis inhibition by N-acetylneuraminic acid and other sugars revealed the properties of the lectin. The purified lectin distorted the integrity of ox RBCs and Paenalcaligenes hermetiae. This in vitro study documents the presence of a cytolytic system in blowfly (C. megacephala) larvae for the clearance of invading microbial pathogens in their feeding niche.
Subject(s)
Lectins/chemistry , Alcaligenaceae/drug effects , Animals , Cattle , Diptera/chemistry , Hemolysis , Insect Proteins/chemistry , Larva/chemistry , Lectins/pharmacology , Lectins, C-Type/chemistry , Serine Proteases/chemistrySubject(s)
Alcaligenaceae/isolation & purification , Otitis Media/diagnosis , Alcaligenaceae/chemistry , Alcaligenaceae/drug effects , Alcaligenaceae/genetics , Anti-Infective Agents/pharmacology , Chronic Disease , Female , Humans , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Middle Aged , Otitis Media/microbiology , RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/chemistry , RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics , RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/metabolism , Republic of Korea , Sequence Analysis, DNA , Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-IonizationABSTRACT
Oligella urethralis (O. urethralis) is an organism that rarely causes infections in humans. We report the case of a 90-year-old bedridden woman with progressive dementia who was placed in a long-term-care facility. She was admitted to our hospital due to fever and unconsciousness with pyuria. The abdominal computed tomography showed left pneumatosis and urinary stone. Fluoroquinolones-resistant O. urethralis, which was identified by the Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization-Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) and the 16S rRNA gene sequencing, was isolated form the blood and urine cultures at admission. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of emphysematous pyelonephritis caused by O. urethralis.
Subject(s)
Alcaligenaceae/isolation & purification , Bacteremia/complications , Bacteremia/diagnosis , Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/diagnosis , Pyelonephritis/complications , Pyelonephritis/diagnosis , Aged, 80 and over , Alcaligenaceae/classification , Alcaligenaceae/drug effects , Alcaligenaceae/genetics , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Bacteremia/microbiology , Blood/microbiology , DNA, Bacterial/chemistry , DNA, Bacterial/genetics , DNA, Ribosomal/chemistry , DNA, Ribosomal/genetics , Drug Resistance, Bacterial , Female , Fluoroquinolones/pharmacology , Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/microbiology , Humans , Long-Term Care , Pyelonephritis/microbiology , RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics , Radiography, Abdominal , Sequence Analysis, DNA , Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Urine/microbiologyABSTRACT
Chronic suppurative otitis media is inflammation of the middle ear and mastoid that involves discharge and hearing loss. Kerstersia gyiorum is a member of the Alcaligenaceae family that who could not be treated with classical treatments such as patients with chronic otitis media, neck abscesses. K. gyiorum strain isolated from a patient with chronic suppurative otitis media.
Subject(s)
Alcaligenaceae/pathogenicity , Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/microbiology , Otitis Media, Suppurative/microbiology , Adult , Alcaligenaceae/drug effects , Alcaligenaceae/genetics , Chronic Disease , Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/drug therapy , Humans , Male , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Molecular Typing , Otitis Media, Suppurative/drug therapy , RNA, Bacterial/genetics , RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/geneticsABSTRACT
Oligella species are small, Gram-negative, nonsaccharolytic aerobic rods or coccobacilli that are catalase and oxidase-positive, mostly isolated from the urinary tract and rarely from wounds, bloodstream infections, septic arthritis, or peritonitis.In this article, we report a case of O.ureolytica-related bloodstream infection in a newborn infant and we review the literature for previously reported cases of Oligella infections.
Subject(s)
Alcaligenaceae , Bacteremia/microbiology , Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/microbiology , Alcaligenaceae/drug effects , Alcaligenaceae/isolation & purification , Alcaligenaceae/pathogenicity , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Bacteremia/drug therapy , Developing Countries , Female , Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/drug therapy , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Netilmicin/therapeutic use , TurkeyABSTRACT
Kerstersia gyiorum is infrequently associated with human infection. We report the isolation of Kerstersia gyiorum from two patients: the first, a patient with chronic ear infections, and the second, a patient with a chronic leg wound. Both isolates were resistant to ciprofloxacin, which has not been previously reported.
