ABSTRACT
Anaerobiospirillum succiniciproducens is a gram-negative anaerobic spiral rod which is part of the normal flora of dogs and cats and can produce bacteraemia and diarrhoea in humans. In this report we describe two cases of bacteraemia caused by A. succiniciproducens which was successfully identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). We present a comprehensive literature review of 48 cases of A. succiniciproducens bacteraemia in which we describe previous underlying conditions, clinical presentations, identification methodology and antibiotic susceptibility data.
Subject(s)
Anaerobiospirillum/isolation & purification , Bacteremia/diagnosis , Bacteremia/microbiology , Bacteriological Techniques/methods , Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/diagnosis , Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/microbiology , Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization/methods , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Anaerobiospirillum/chemistry , Anaerobiospirillum/classification , Diarrhea/diagnosis , Diarrhea/microbiology , Female , Humans , Male , Middle AgedABSTRACT
Anaerobiospirillum succiniciproducens is a rare but potentially lethal pathogen. We report a case of A. succiniciproducens bloodstream infection in a 55-year-old man hospitalized for pelvic trauma. The strain was identified by 16sRNA sequencing after several failures of identification by MALDI-TOF MS. The strain was susceptible to beta-lactam antibiotics and ciprofloxacin, but resistant to macrolides and clindamycin. Identification tools must be improved to enhance our knowledge on this rare pathogen and to define optimal therapy.
Subject(s)
Anaerobiospirillum/isolation & purification , Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/diagnosis , Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/microbiology , RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics , Anaerobiospirillum/classification , Anaerobiospirillum/genetics , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Ciprofloxacin/therapeutic use , Clindamycin/therapeutic use , Delayed Diagnosis , Drug Resistance, Bacterial , Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/drug therapy , Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/pathology , Humans , Male , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Middle Aged , Pelvis/injuries , Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization , beta-Lactams/therapeutic useABSTRACT
In order to study the occurrence and co-infection of different species of Campylobacter, enteric Helicobacter and Anaerobiospirillum in dogs and cats and define a possible association between these microrganisms and gastrointestinal disorders, 190 dogs and 84 cats, either healthy or with diarrhea, were sampled between 2002 and 2003. Thirty-three C. upsaliensis, 17 C. jejuni, 2 C. helveticus, 1 C. lari isolates from dogs and 14 C. helveticus, 7 C. jejuni, 6 C. upsaliensis isolates from cats were identified using species-specific PCR and phenotypic tests. Whole cell protein profile analysis, phenotypic tests, PCR-RFLP of gyrB and a phylogenetic study of partial groEL and 16S rRNA sequences were used to identify 37 H. bilis, 22 H. canis and 14 H. cinaedi in dogs and 12 H. canis, 5 H. bilis and 2 H. cinaedi in cats. Whole cell protein profile analysis, phenotypic tests and species-specific PCR of 16S rRNA were used to identify 14 A. succiniciproducens, 12 A. thomasii isolates and one unidentified Anaerobiospirillum sp. isolate in dogs and 3 A. thomasii isolates in cats. Fifty-two animals (19%) were positive for the isolation of more than one genus. No significant statistical correlation was found between any isolates of Campylobacter, Helicobacter or Anaerobiospirillum spp. or the various co-infection rates, and the presence of diarrhea in either dogs or cats. Campylobacter isolates were also tested for antibiotic resistance using the agar dilution method.
Subject(s)
Cat Diseases/microbiology , Cats/microbiology , Diarrhea/veterinary , Dog Diseases/microbiology , Dogs/microbiology , Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/veterinary , Anaerobiospirillum/classification , Anaerobiospirillum/drug effects , Anaerobiospirillum/isolation & purification , Animals , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Campylobacter/classification , Campylobacter/drug effects , Campylobacter/isolation & purification , Campylobacter Infections/diagnosis , Campylobacter Infections/drug therapy , Campylobacter Infections/microbiology , Campylobacter Infections/veterinary , Cat Diseases/diagnosis , Cat Diseases/drug therapy , Diarrhea/diagnosis , Diarrhea/drug therapy , Diarrhea/microbiology , Dog Diseases/diagnosis , Dog Diseases/drug therapy , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Drug Resistance, Bacterial , Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/diagnosis , Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/drug therapy , Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/microbiology , Helicobacter/classification , Helicobacter/drug effects , Helicobacter/isolation & purification , Helicobacter Infections/diagnosis , Helicobacter Infections/drug therapy , Helicobacter Infections/microbiology , Helicobacter Infections/veterinary , Microbial Sensitivity Tests/veterinary , Molecular Sequence Data , Phylogeny , Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods , Polymerase Chain Reaction/veterinary , Prevalence , RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics , Species SpecificityABSTRACT
Ileocolitis associated with spiral bacteria identified as an Anaerobiospirillum sp. was found in six cats. Two cats had acute onset of gastrointestinal signs characterized by vomiting and diarrhea in one cat and vomiting in another cat, one cat had chronic diarrhea that was refractory to medical therapy; one cat had acute onset of anorexia and lethargy, and two cats had clinical signs that were not related to the gastrointestinal tract. The presence of an Anaerobiospirillum sp. was demonstrated on the basis of ultrastructural morphology of spiral bacteria associated with intestinal lesions and PCR amplification of a genus-specific 16S rRNA gene from affected tissues from each cat. The colons of three clinically healthy cats without lesions and one cat with mild colitis not associated with spiral bacteria were negative for Anaerobiospirillum spp. in the same assay. Comparative nucleotide sequence analysis of cloned PCR products from three affected cats further suggested that the spiral bacteria were closely related to Anaerobiospirillum succiniciproducens.
