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1.
Stomatologiia (Mosk) ; 95(4): 4-8, 2016.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27636752

ABSTRACT

The traditional classification methods of dental local anesthesia must be modified. In this paper we proved that the vascular mechanism is leading component of spongy injection. It is necessary to take into account the high effectiveness and relative safety of spongy anesthesia, as well as versatility, ease of implementation and the growing prevalence in the world. The essence of the proposed modification is to distinguish the methods in diffusive (including surface anesthesia, infiltration and conductive anesthesia) and vascular-diffusive (including intraosseous, intraligamentary, intraseptal and intrapulpal anesthesia). For the last four methods the common term «spongy (intraosseous) anesthesia¼ may be used.


Subject(s)
Anesthesia, Dental/classification , Anesthesia, Dental/methods , Anesthesia, Local/classification , Anesthesia, Local/methods , Anesthetics, Local/pharmacokinetics , Dental Pulp/blood supply , Adrenergic alpha-Agonists/administration & dosage , Adult , Anesthetics, Local/administration & dosage , Blood Vessels/physiology , Epinephrine/administration & dosage , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged
3.
Arch Ital Urol Androl ; 88(4): 308-310, 2016 Dec 30.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28073199

ABSTRACT

Transrectal Ultrasound (TRUS) guided prostate biopsy is regarded as the gold standard for prostate cancer diagnosis. The majority of patients perceive TRUS-guided prostate biopsy as a physically and psychologically traumatic experience. We aimed to compare in this paper the efficacy of three different anesthesia techniques to control the pain during the procedure. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 150 patients who underwent transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) guided prostate biopsy were randomly divided into three groups. Group A included 50 patients who received one hour before the procedure a mixture of 2.5% lidocaine and 2.5% prilocaine, Group B: 50 patients who received intrarectal local anesthetic administration (lidocaine 5 ml 10%) and lidocaine local spray 15 % and Group C included 50 patients who received periprostatic block anesthesia (lidocaine 10 ml 10%). Visual analogue scale (VAS) of patients in different groups was evaluated at the end of the biopsy and 30 minutes after the procedure. RESULTS: The VAS of patients in Group A was 1.32 ± 0.65 (VAS I) and 2.47 ± 0.80 (VAS II). In group B the VAS of patients was 1.09 ± 0.47 (VAS I) and 1.65 ± 0.61 (VAS II). In group C the VAS of patients was 2.63 ± 0.78 (VAS I) and 1.70 ± 0.85 (VAS II). There was no statistically significant difference in term of VAS I between group A and B. A statistically significant difference was determined in terms of VAS II between group A and B. There was no statistically significant difference in term of VAS between group B and C. CONCLUSIONS: The most effective of the three methods for pain control we used was intrarectal local anesthetic administration and lidocaine local spray 15% that enables an ideal patient comfort.


Subject(s)
Anesthesia, Local/classification , Pain Management/methods , Prostate/pathology , Prostatic Neoplasms/pathology , Ultrasonography, Interventional , Aged , Humans , Image-Guided Biopsy/adverse effects , Male , Middle Aged
5.
In. González Naya, Grisell; Montero del Castillo, Mirta Elena. Estomatología general integral. La Habana, Ecimed, 2013. , ilus.
Monography in Spanish | CUMED | ID: cum-54546
6.
Rev. neurol. (Ed. impr.) ; 54(supl.5): s1-s8, 3 oct., 2012. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-150359

ABSTRACT

Introducción. Desde su aparición en la década de los noventa, la estimulación cerebral profunda se ha impuesto como una alternativa terapéutica segura y eficaz en la enfermedad de Parkinson, estando indicada cuando aparecen complicaciones motoras incontrolables con el tratamiento farmacológico. Objetivo. Realizar una revisión actualizada de la literatura médica sobre los aspectos más importantes de esta cirugía funcional. Desarrollo. Aunque su mecanismo de acción a día de hoy continúa siendo desconocido, se ha postulado que ejerce una acción inhibitoria sobre la actividad de los núcleos subtalámico y globo pálido interno, que se encuentra exaltada en enfermos parkinsonianos. La técnica quirúrgica de elección es la estimulación del núcleo subtalámico. Ha demostrado tener unos resultados favorables tanto desde el punto de vista motor, con una mejoría significativa de los síntomas cardinales de la enfermedad, como en la calidad de vida de estos pacientes. El éxito de la cirugía depende de tres pasos fundamentales: 1) La adecuada selección del candidato quirúrgico, teniendo en cuenta las recomendaciones de los principales grupos de estudio sobre factores pronóstico como son la edad, el tiempo de evolución y la presencia de síntomas resistentes a la levodopa. 2) La correcta posición del electrodo en la diana quirúrgica. 3) La programación del sistema de estimulación. Conclusión. La estimulación cerebral profunda del núcleo subtalámico es una opción terapéutica claramente establecida en la enfermedad de Parkinson avanzada, cuyo desarrollo en los últimos años, ha favorecido la obtención de unos resultados clínicos favorables cuando el tratamiento farmacológico fracasa (AU)


Introduction. Since its appearance in the nineties, deep brain stimulation has proved itself to be a safe, effective therapeutic alternative in Parkinson's disease, and is indicated when there are motor complications that pharmacological treatment fails to control. Aims. The purpose of this work is to conduct an updated review of the medical literature on the most important aspects of this functional surgery. Development. Although today its mechanism of action remains unknown, it has been suggested that it exerts an inhibitory action on the activity of the subthalamic nuclei and internal globus pallidus, which is found to be overexcited in patients with parkinsonism. The preferred surgical technique is subthalamic nucleus stimulation. This procedure has proved to yield favourable results both from the motor point of view, with a significant improvement in the cardinal symptoms of the disease, and as regards these patients’ quality of life. The success of the surgical procedure depends on three fundamental steps: 1) Selection of a suitable candidate for surgery, taking into account the recommendations of the main study groups on prognostic factors, such as age, time to progression and the presence of symptoms that are resistant to levodopa; 2) The correct position of the electrode on the surgical target; 3) The programming of the stimulation system. Conclusions. Deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus is a clearly established therapeutic option in advanced Parkinson's disease. Recent developments allow favourable clinical outcomes to be obtained when pharmacological treatment fails (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Parkinson Disease/genetics , Deep Brain Stimulation/methods , Pharmaceutical Preparations/administration & dosage , Therapeutics/methods , Levodopa/administration & dosage , Neurology/education , Movement Disorders/genetics , Deglutition Disorders/diagnosis , Anesthesia, Local/methods , Electrodes/classification , Parkinson Disease/therapy , Deep Brain Stimulation/instrumentation , Pharmaceutical Preparations/metabolism , Therapeutics/classification , Levodopa , Neurology/methods , Movement Disorders/pathology , Deglutition Disorders/complications , Anesthesia, Local/classification , Electrodes
7.
Asunción; s.e; 2010.Oct. 39 p.
Monography in Spanish | LILACS, BDNPAR | ID: biblio-1018844

ABSTRACT

EL desarrollo de anestésicos locales más potentes, con menos capacidad de producir reacciones adversas y nuevas formulaciones para su uso tópico sobre la piel, ha contribuido al progreso de las técnicas de anestesia locorregional y al alivio del dolor.Con el objetivo de determinar los diferentes tipos de anestésicos locales, concentración, dosis máxima en adulto y niños, composición, mecanismo de acción y efecto adverso; además de describir el uso de vasoconstrictores, indicaciones y contraindicaciones, se realiza una revisión bibliográfica con el propósito de poner al alcance del odontólogo un material que ayudará en la práctica clínica de manera a usar el anestésico indicado para el caso a tratar y de acuerdo a la evaluación detallada de una correcta historia clínica previamente hecha, pues los anestésicos locales son los fármacos más usados en la práctica odontológica y al parecer son los menos conocidos, por lo que se recomienda que se de mayor énfasis durante la carrera de grado en Odontología de manera a incentivar al futuro profesional a conocer y seguir actualizándose sobre los anestésicos que existen en el mercado.


Subject(s)
Humans , Anesthesia, Local , Anesthesia, Local/classification , Anesthesia, Local , Pharmacology , Dentistry , Vasoconstrictor Agents
8.
In. Morón Rodriguez, Francisco J. Farmacología Clínica. La Habana, Ecimed, 2008. .
Monography in Spanish | CUMED | ID: cum-41437
9.
Acta odontol. venez ; 45(3): 375-379, 2007. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-502090

ABSTRACT

Introducción: El gran temor a las agujas, debido al dolor inducido por la punción, que sucede al anestesiar los tejidos orales, suele ser un impedimento a los cuidados dentales para muchos pacientes. Objetivo: Comparar la eficacia clínica de dos formulaciones de anestésicos locales de uso tópico utilizados en la práctica odontológica. Material y métodos: Estudio comparativo, aleatorio. Se incluyeron 318 pacientes, se formaron tres grupos de 106 pacientes cada uno. Los medicamentos utilizados fueron: un anestésico tópico líquido (B-L) Muelita de Laboratorio Cabuchi SA y un gel tópico usado que contiene benzocaína (B-G) Muelita, como control se utilizará benzocaína MR conocidas, y como placebos material inerte. En el primer grupo se evaluaron la efectividad de B-L y de B-G al usarlas antes de la punción con agujas cortas calibre 25 o la instrumentación de raspaje radicular (RR). En el segundo grupo, se comparó la efectividad anestésica de B-L directamente con la de B-G al aplicar punciones de aguja. Se administró un sistema no selectivo a los tejidos contra laterales correspondientes. En el tercer grupo se evaluó la efectividad del B-L al usarlo antes de la punción de aguja, usando agujas cortas de calibre 25 y 27 con o sin infiltración concomitante de una solución de lidocaína al 2 por ciento que conteniendo epinefrina 1:100.000. Resultados: En el primer y segundo grupo se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre B-L y B-G, B-G con el control y placebo, para la valoración del grado del dolor a la punción y a la instrumentación de RR. En el tercer grupo no hubo significación estadística. Conclusiones: De los resultados obtenidos referimos que tanto la utilización del líquido como el gel tópico de benzocaína, presentados por el Laboratorio Cabuchi S.A., resultaron efectivos para minimizar la sensibilidad al dolor presente en nuestra práctica odontológica. Sin embargo, debemos tener en cuenta que el gel presentó mayor eficacia.


Introduction: The great fear to the needles by the pain induced by the puncion, that happens al to anesthetize the oral weavings is used to being an impediment to the dental cares for many patients. A practice commonly utilized to prevent such pain is the application of trite anesthesia in the zone tisular before the puncion. Objective: to Compare the clinical efficacy of two formulations of local anesthetics of trite use utilized in practice deontological. Material and methods: random, and comparative Study. 318 patients were included, three groups of 106 patients were formed each one. The medicines utilized were: a liquid trite anesthetic (B-L) Muelita of Laboratory Cabuchi LTD and a trite gel used that contains benzocaine (B-G)Muelita, like control will be utilized benzocaine MR known, and as inert material placebos. In the first group they were evaluated the effectiveness of B-L and of B-G al to use them before the puncion with short needles calibrate 25 or the orchestration of raspaje radicular (RR). In the second group, the anesthetic effectiveness of B-L was compared directly with that of B-G al to apply puncions of needle. A not selective system to the weavings was administered against lateral corresponding. In the third group the effectiveness of the B-L was evaluated al to use it before the puncion of needle, using short needles of caliber 25 and 27 with or without infiltration concomitant of a solution of lidocaína al 2% that containing epinephrine 1:100.000. Results: In the first and second group statistically significant differences between B-L were found and B-G, B-G with the control and placebo, for the appraisal of the degree of the pain to the puncion and to the orchestration of RR. In the third group do not there was statistical meaning. Conclusions: Of the results obtained we refer that so much the utilization of the liquid as the trite gel of benzocaine, presented by the Laboratory Cabuchi INC., troops resulted to minimize the sensibility al present pain in our practical one deontological. Nevertheless, we should keep in mind that the gel presented greater efficacy.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Administration, Topical , Anesthesia, Local/classification , Anesthetics, Local/pharmacology , Anesthetics, Local/therapeutic use , Argentina , Pain, Postoperative/drug therapy , Dental Scaling/methods , Data Interpretation, Statistical
10.
Expert Rev Neurother ; 5(5): 625-34, 2005 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16162086

ABSTRACT

Topical local anesthetics in one form or another have been used for the past 20 years to alleviate the skin pain associated with needle puncture and venous cannulation in children. Although the application of topical anesthetic creams is painless compared with traditional local anesthetic infiltration of the skin and subcutaneous tissues prior to venipuncture and minor skin procedures, they remain underutilized, primarily due to their slow analgesic onset and inconsistent effectiveness. For a topical local anesthetic to be of practical use in busy clinical settings, it must be easy to apply, have minimal side effects, not require cumbersome equipment and be reasonably cost effective. Until recently, limitations in one or all of these areas have dissuaded pediatric practitioners from their routine use. However, recent advances in transdermal delivery technologies, have led to the emergence of a number of new delivery approaches that accelerate the onset time to 20 min or less and provide more consistent and deeper sensory skin analgesia. Although still in the early stages of investigation, technologies that promote the flux of drugs of all sizes through the skin by creating transient microchannels show great promise in circumventing the skin barrier and promoting the transdermal delivery of not only local anesthetics but also other drugs. Ultimately, the rationale to change clinical practice and use a new transdermal delivery system will depend upon the cost, ease of use, frequency of adverse events and the benefits to the patient relative to an alternative method.


Subject(s)
Administration, Cutaneous , Anesthesia, Local/methods , Anesthesia, Local/trends , Anesthetics, Local/administration & dosage , Pain Management , Anesthesia, Local/classification , Child , Electrophoresis/methods , Humans , Skin Absorption
11.
Anaesthesist ; 54(5): 476-84, 2005 May.
Article in German | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15747141

ABSTRACT

More efficacious anticoagulant and antiplatelet agents have been introduced in vascular medicine and in the prevention of perioperative venous thromboembolisms. Patient management should be guided by familiarity with the pharmacology of coagulation-altering drugs and by consensus statements. The present paper reviews recommendations from the Austrian Task Force for Perioperative Coagulation which are based on thorough evaluation of the available pharmacological information and case reports. The consensus statement focuses on neuraxial and peripheral techniques and is designed to encourage safe and quality patient care.


Subject(s)
Anesthesia, Conduction , Anesthesia, Local , Anticoagulants/therapeutic use , Anesthesia, Conduction/adverse effects , Anesthesia, Conduction/classification , Anesthesia, Local/adverse effects , Anesthesia, Local/classification , Anticoagulants/adverse effects , Humans , Intraoperative Care , Monitoring, Intraoperative , Nerve Block , Postoperative Complications/therapy
13.
Rev. Assoc. Paul. Cir. Dent ; 54(3): 196, maio-jun. 2000. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO - Dentistry | ID: lil-281436

ABSTRACT

Os anestésicos locais utilizados em Odontologia disponíveis atualmente no mercado brasileiro apresentam-se sob a forma de soluçöes com concentraçöes variadas, tanto de sal anestésico quanto de vasoconstritor, o que pode levar o profissional à incerteza da quantidade máxima que pode ser empregada em uma sessäo, principalmente nos procedimentos cirúrgicos que requerem, muitas vezes, um volume maior de anestésico. Este trabalho pretende mostrar como se calculam as doses máximas dos anestésicos disponíveis no comércio brasileiro, a partir das informaçöes existentes na embalagem ou na bula, levando em conta as recomendaçöes sugeridas pela literatura especializada, bem como alertar os profissionais para o uso adequado dos anestésicos e para os cuidados a serem observados na escolha e durante a administraçäo desses fármacos


Subject(s)
Anesthesia, Dental/standards , Anesthetics, Local/administration & dosage , Anesthesia, Local/standards , Anesthesia, Dental/classification , Anesthesia, Dental/methods , Anesthesia, Local , Anesthesia, Local/classification , Brazil
14.
In. Guedes Pinto, Antonio Carlos. Reabilitaçäo bucal em odontopediatria: atendimento integral. Säo Paulo, Santos, 1999. p.91-103, ilus. (BR).
Monography in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO - Dentistry | ID: lil-298320
16.
Bol. méd. postgrado ; 12(2): 8-12, abr.-jun. 1996. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-228305

ABSTRACT

Se realiza un estudio prospectivo para evaluar el tratamiento quirúrgico en la enfermedad pilonidal comparando la técnica cerreda Vs. técnica abierta con anestesia local. La muestra estudiada fue de 42 pacientes entre 13 y 30 años (promedio 20.5 años) de los cuales 37 (88,10 por ciento) eran del sexo femenino y 5 (11,90 por ciento) del sexo masculino. Los pacientes fueron divididos al azar en dos grupos, 21 pacientes intervenidos con técnica cerrada y 21 pacientes con técnica abierta. Se utilizó anestesia local y manejo ambulatorio en todos los casos. La técnica cerrada permitió una pronta cicatrización y período de incapacidad post-operatorio menor que la técnica abierta, hubo dos recidivas con la técnica cerrada, sin otras complicaciones; en la técnica abierta se presentaron dos casos complicados con sangramiento, sin otras complicaciones


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Anesthesia, Local/classification , Anesthesia, Local/statistics & numerical data , General Surgery
17.
Rev. Inst. Méd. Sucre ; 58(102): 52-6, 1993. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-196594

ABSTRACT

La anestesiología moderna, trata de buscar métodos menos riesgosos, tratando de encontrara las bondades de algunas drogas que deben ser usadas ya sea para la sedación preoperatoria, la indución o la complementación a alguna técnica. En este sentido que surge el Midazolam y ya Kanto (19) estudia su comportamiento de acuerdo con la edad y la masa corporal y Zazzarini (35-36) considera el período de latencia, siendo Lauda (21) quién determinó las dósis necesarias para la inducción. En este sentido el epresente trabajo quiere demostrar las bondades de esta droga, siendo una de las benzodiazepinas actuales más usadas por las ventajas que presenta. El Midazolam, es un derivado imidazobenzodiacepinico, que tiene la característica de diferir de las otras de su grupo por su carácter básico, solución acuosa estable, solubilidad en lípidos, metabolismo rápido. Su empleo favorable en anestesiología es debido a la amnesia anterógrada que produce, assiolisis, baja incidencia de trastornos venosos y su amplio margen de seguridad


Subject(s)
Anesthesia, Local/classification , Anesthesia/classification , Midazolam/administration & dosage , Receptors, GABA-A/antagonists & inhibitors , Anesthesiology/education
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