ABSTRACT
In this study, the dissolution of polysaccharides into an ionic liquid was investigated and applied as a coating onto the capillary walls of a fused-silica capillary in open-tubular CEC. The coating was evaluated by examining the chiral separation of two analytes (thiopental, sotalol) with three cellulose derivatives (cellulose acetate, cellulose acetate phthalate, and cellulose acetate butyrate). Baseline separation of thiopental enantiomers was achieved by use of each polysaccharide coating (Rs: 7.0, 8.1, 7.1), while sotalol provided partial resolution (Rs: 0.7, 1.0, 0.9). In addition, reproducibility of the cellulose-coated capillaries was evaluated by estimating the run-to-run and capillary-to-capillary RSD values of the EOF. Both stability and reproducibility were very good with RSD values of less than 7%.
Subject(s)
Capillary Electrochromatography/instrumentation , Cellulose/analogs & derivatives , Imidazoles/chemistry , Ionic Liquids/chemistry , Adrenergic beta-Antagonists/isolation & purification , Anesthetics, Intravenous/isolation & purification , Capillary Electrochromatography/economics , Cellulose/chemistry , Silicon Dioxide/chemistry , Sotalol/isolation & purification , Stereoisomerism , Thiopental/isolation & purificationSubject(s)
Anesthetics, Inhalation/chemistry , Anesthetics, Intravenous/chemistry , Drugs, Generic/chemistry , Methyl Ethers/chemistry , Propofol/chemistry , Anesthetics, Inhalation/chemical synthesis , Anesthetics, Inhalation/isolation & purification , Anesthetics, Intravenous/chemical synthesis , Anesthetics, Intravenous/isolation & purification , Chemistry, Pharmaceutical , Drug Contamination , Drug Industry , Drug Packaging , Drug Stability , Drugs, Generic/isolation & purification , Excipients , Methyl Ethers/chemical synthesis , Methyl Ethers/isolation & purification , Propofol/isolation & purification , SevofluraneABSTRACT
Concentrations in breast milk of medications used during general anesthesia were measured to determine whether interruption of breast-feeding was indicated. Breast milk and maternal blood samples were obtained from nine women undergoing tubal sterilization under general anesthesia. Concentrations of methohexital, meperidine, diazepam, and nordiazepam were determined for each sample by gas chromatography. Methohexital levels declined rapidly after the first hour and were undetectable at 24 hours. Meperidine was present in both milk and blood during the recovery period but not at 24 hours. Infant-exposure indices for methohexital were less than 1% and ranged from 1.2% to 3.5% for meperidine. The maximum doses of methohexital and meperidine to an infant, in a 100 mL feeding 1 hour after induction of anesthesia were estimated to be 0.04 mg and 0.06 mg, respectively. Diazepam and nordiazepam were not detectable in any sample of milk or blood. The maximum possible infant-exposure index for diazepam would be 3%. The amounts of methohexital, meperidine and diazepam excreted into breast milk do not warrant interruption of breast-feeding.
