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1.
J Am Vet Med Assoc ; 247(10): 1133-8, 2015 Nov 15.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26517616

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of an enzyme immunoassay (EIA) for antibodies to a recombinant Blastomyces adhesin-1 repeat antigen (rBAD-1) to aid in the diagnosis of blastomycosis in dogs and compare the findings with results from other tests used for this purpose. DESIGN: Prospective analytic study. SAMPLE: Serum and urine from 70 dogs with and without blastomycosis. PROCEDURES: Serum and urine samples were collected from dogs with blastomycosis (n = 21), histoplasmosis (8), or nonfungal pulmonary disease (21) and from healthy control dogs living in a blastomycosis-endemic area (20). Serum was tested for antibodies against Blastomyces dermatitidis with the rBAD-1 antibody EIA and an A-antigen antibody agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) assay. Serum and urine were tested for B dermatitidis antigen with a quantitative EIA. RESULTS: Sensitivity of the quantitative antigen EIA was 100% in serum and urine samples from dogs with blastomycosis, with specificity of 95% in urine samples from dogs with nonfungal pulmonary disease and 100% in urine samples from healthy dogs. Sensitivity of the rBAD-1 antibody EIA (95%) was significantly greater than that of the A-antigen antibody AGID assay (65%). Specificity of the antibody EIA was 88% in dogs with histoplasmosis, 95% in healthy dogs, and 100% in dogs with nonfungal pulmonary disease. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The rBAD-1 antibody EIA had greater sensitivity than the A-antigen antibody AGID assay in dogs with blastomycosis. This antibody EIA may assist in distinguishing histoplasmosis from blastomycosis. Further evaluation in a larger prospective study is needed to verify these results.


Subject(s)
Antibodies, Fungal/immunology , Antigens, Fungal/immunology , Blastomyces/metabolism , Blastomycosis/veterinary , Dog Diseases/microbiology , Immunoenzyme Techniques/veterinary , Animals , Antibodies, Fungal/blood , Antibodies, Fungal/urine , Blastomycosis/blood , Blastomycosis/diagnosis , Blastomycosis/urine , Dog Diseases/diagnosis , Dogs , Female , Immunoenzyme Techniques/methods , Male , Sensitivity and Specificity
3.
J Vet Intern Med ; 22(4): 839-43, 2008.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18482276

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Early diagnosis and treatment are associated with an improved prognosis in blastomycosis. The diagnosis of blastomycosis may be missed by cytology, histopathology, culture, or serology. An enzyme immunoassay (EIA) for detection of Blastomyces dermatitidis galactomannan antigen in body fluids has been used for rapid diagnosis of blastomycosis in humans. HYPOTHESIS: Measurement of Blastomyces antigen in urine or serum by the MVista Blastomyces antigen EIA is more sensitive than measurement of anti-Blastomyces antibodies for diagnosis of blastomycosis in dogs. METHODS: Serum and urine samples from 46 dogs with confirmed blastomycosis were tested for Blastomyces antigen and serum was tested for anti-Blastomyces antibodies. RESULTS: The sensitivity for the detection of antigen in urine was 93.5% and it was 87.0% in serum. The sensitivity of antibody detection by agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) was 17.4% and it was 76.1% by EIA. Antigen and antibody decreased during itraconazole treatment. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Antigen detection is a more sensitive test for diagnosis of blastomycosis than antibody testing by AGID, the only commercially available method. Antigen concentrations decreased with treatment.


Subject(s)
Antibodies, Fungal/immunology , Antigens, Fungal/immunology , Blastomycosis/veterinary , Dog Diseases/immunology , Immunoenzyme Techniques/veterinary , Animals , Antibodies, Fungal/urine , Antifungal Agents/therapeutic use , Antigens, Fungal/urine , Blastomyces/immunology , Blastomycosis/diagnosis , Blastomycosis/drug therapy , Blastomycosis/immunology , Dog Diseases/drug therapy , Dog Diseases/urine , Dogs , Itraconazole/therapeutic use , Sensitivity and Specificity , Time Factors
4.
Mycopathologia ; 126(1): 3-7, 1994 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8052291

ABSTRACT

Immunoblot detection of antibody against 47 KD cytoplasmic antigen of Candida albicans was evaluated in diagnosis of invasive candidiasis and compared to whole cell agglutination and gel diffusion tests for detection of anticandidal antibody in 64 patients. The patients included 17 with culture proved candidemia, 34 with significant candiduria (more than 10,000 colony forming units per ml of urine) and 13 with nonsignificant candiduria. Antibody against 47 KD antigen was found to be the best indicator for diagnosis of invasive candidiasis even in patients with malignancy. The sensitivity of this procedure was 82.4%, specificity 86.7%, positive predictive value 77.8%, negative predictive value 89.7% and efficacy 85.1%. The gel diffusion procedure lacked in sensitivity whereas whole cell agglutination lacked in specificity. Detection of antibody against 47 KD antigen proved to be a valuable adjunct in the diagnosis of invasive candidiasis.


Subject(s)
Antibodies, Fungal/blood , Antibodies, Fungal/urine , Candidiasis/diagnosis , Agglutination Tests , Antigens, Fungal/immunology , Candidiasis/immunology , Humans , Immunoblotting , Immunodiffusion , India , Predictive Value of Tests , Sensitivity and Specificity
6.
Hinyokika Kiyo ; 34(7): 1141-4, 1988 Jul.
Article in Japanese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-3177134

ABSTRACT

The serum candida antibody (HA titer) was measured by means of indirect hemagglutination test in 28 patients with complicated urinary tract infections (UTI) and 11 control subjects. The peripheral lymphocytes subsets (OKT-3,4,8 and 4/8 ratio) were also examined in same patients. The 17 UTI patients who had Candida species in their urine had a higher HA titer than the other UTI patients without Candida or control subjects, but elderly UTI patients (over 71 years old) did not show higher HA titer. A positive correlation was seen between HA titer and OKT-3,4 or 4/8 ratio. On the other hand, HA titer and OKT-8 showed a negative relationship. Therefore, the ability to produce the candida antibody might be closely related to the host cellular immune responsiveness.


Subject(s)
Antibodies, Fungal/analysis , Candida/immunology , Urinary Tract Infections/immunology , Age Factors , Aged , Antibodies, Fungal/urine , Female , Humans , Immune Tolerance , Male , Middle Aged
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