ABSTRACT
A sensitive and selective capillary electrophoresis method is developed, for the first time, for effective separation and simultaneous determination of aminomethylbezoic acid (PAMBA), cefminox sodium (CMNX) and etamsylate (ETM). The electrophoresis conditions were investigated and optimized. A 25 mM phosphate solution (pH 8.5) was used as a buffer and the peak area was determined with UV detection at 216 nm wavelength under 18 kV separation voltage. Under optimal conditions, the three drugs can be separated effectively. Good linearity was achieved in 3.13-150 microg/mL for PAMBA, 6.25-150 microg/mL for CMNX and 3.13-150 microg/mL for ETM, with the correlation coefficients of >0.999. The limit of detection (LOD) for PAMBA, CMNX and ETM was 1.04, 2.08 and 1.04 microg/mL, respectively. Their recoveries in human urine were in the range from 90.2% to 101% with the RSD (n=5) of 0.7-3.1%. The proposed method is simple, rapid and accurate, and provides the sensitivity and linearity necessary for analysis of the test drugs in human urine at clinically relevant concentrations.
Subject(s)
Cephamycins/urine , Electrophoresis, Capillary/methods , Ethamsylate/urine , para-Aminobenzoates , 4-Aminobenzoic Acid/chemistry , 4-Aminobenzoic Acid/urine , Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemistry , Anti-Bacterial Agents/urine , Antifibrinolytic Agents/chemistry , Antifibrinolytic Agents/urine , Cephamycins/chemistry , Ethamsylate/chemistry , Hemostatics/chemistry , Hemostatics/urine , Humans , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Least-Squares Analysis , Phosphates/chemistry , Reproducibility of Results , Sensitivity and SpecificityABSTRACT
The levels of urinary PIC and FDP were studied in 86 diabetics. Urinary PIC or FDP were detected only in patients representing more than (++) urinary protein, suggesting that urinary PIC is not useful for diagnosis of early stage of diabetic nephropathy. On the other hand, positive rate of urinary PIC was much higher than that of chronic nephritis not due to diabetes mellitus. Plasma levels of PIC were elevated above normal range in all patients with advanced diabetic nephropathy tested. These results suggest that urinary PIC might be derived from circulating blood and reflect the level of systemic fibrinolytic activities in diabetics.
Subject(s)
Antifibrinolytic Agents/urine , Diabetic Nephropathies/diagnosis , Fibrinolysin/urine , alpha-2-Antiplasmin , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products/urine , Humans , Male , Middle AgedABSTRACT
Using an improved method of determination, urinary trypsin inhibitor (UTI) activities were assayed in relation to urokinase (UK) activities in a large group of patients with various renal diseases. In normal subjects (n = 50), the mean 24-hour values of the UTI and UK activities were 4.29 +/- 1.44 U/ml and 9.80 +/- 3.81 IU/ml, respectively. Data for renal diseases such as renal stone, hydronephrosis, renal cancer, and chronic glomerulonephritis (UTI, 5.51 +/- 2.29 U/ml (p less than 0.005) and UK, 6.88 +/- 2.64 IU/ml (p less than 0.001); n = 40), and particularly uremia (UTI, 9.90 +/- 5.68 U/ml (p less than 0.001) and UK, 3.85 +/- 2.36 IU/ml (p less than 0.001); n = 30), showed that the UTI level was increased whereas the UK level was decreased. The UTI/UK ratio more clearly demonstrated the difference between these diseases.
