ABSTRACT
Albumin polymeric Nanoparticles (NPs) have opened a great expectancy as for controlled drug delivery due to their therapeutic potency. Concomitantly biodegradable NPs technologies with target linked structures to pave the way of personalised medicine are becoming increasingly important in sight of a therapeutically effective research technology. This is particularly attractive for nanoparticle-based cancer delivery systems, based on the known limitations and efforts to overcome. This new group of gamma irradiated-NPs inherited both the protein delivery properties and robustness of polymer forming structures, and gamma irradiation techniques that leave clean, innocuous and biodegradable NPs. These protein NPs made of serum albumin are referred to SA NPs that possesses several characteristics making them especially attractive to be considered as a drug delivery system. This review focused on methodologies actually being used in the synthesis and characterisation of albumin NPs and different author's opinions on strategic ways to treat cancerous cell-lines with NPs. Utterly, challenges being overthrown by researchers are brought up to anneal an effective, all in one targeted albumin NPs to passed through in vitro and preclinical trials.
Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/administration & dosage , Drug Carriers/administration & dosage , Gamma Rays , Nanoparticles/administration & dosage , Neoplasms/drug therapy , Serum Albumin/administration & dosage , Animals , Antineoplastic Agents/administration & dosage , Antineoplastic Agents/chemistry , Antineoplastic Agents/radiation effects , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/radiation effects , Cell Line, Tumor , Drug Carriers/chemistry , Drug Carriers/radiation effects , Gamma Rays/therapeutic use , Humans , Nanoparticles/chemistry , Nanoparticles/radiation effects , Neoplasms/metabolism , Serum Albumin/chemistry , Serum Albumin/radiation effectsABSTRACT
Both European Group for blood and marrow transplantation risk score (EBMT score modified model) and hematopoietic cell transplantation comorbidity index (HCT-CI) are suitable for evaluating patients undergoing unmanipulated haploidentical blood and marrow transplantation (HBMT), while the predictive capacity of the combined model following haploidentical transplantation is still unknown. In this study, we calculated and validated 322 consecutive unmanipulated HBMT patients. Patients in groups with HCT-CI scores of 0 or 1-2 exhibited similar overall survival (OS), non-relapse mortality (NRM), and relapse rates, independent of their EBMT score modified model. In the group in which patients' HCT-CI scores were ≥3, patients with high EBMT score modified model showed lower OS (p = 0.003) and higher NRM (p = 0.001) than did patients with low EBMT score. In conclusion, this combined model can be used to predict outcomes and may improve the stratification of high-risk patients following unmanipulated HBMT.
Subject(s)
Bone Marrow Transplantation , Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation , Leukemia/therapy , Models, Statistical , Adolescent , Adult , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/radiation effects , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use , Bone Marrow Transplantation/adverse effects , Female , Graft vs Host Disease/etiology , Graft vs Host Disease/prevention & control , Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation/adverse effects , Histocompatibility Testing , Humans , Leukemia/diagnosis , Leukemia/mortality , Male , Middle Aged , Mortality , Prognosis , Recurrence , Risk Assessment , Tissue Donors , Transplantation Conditioning/methods , Transplantation, Homologous , Treatment Outcome , Young AdultABSTRACT
We investigated in vitro enhancement of cytotoxicity of chemotherapeutic agents by tone-burst ultrasound. Survival of CHO cell exposed to chemotherapeutic agents in culture medium was determined with and without insonation (1.62 and 0.29 MHz, 10% duty cycle). Insonations up to 0.4 MPa peak pressure (5 kW/m2 spatial and temporal average) occurred in the middle of 1 h drug exposures. Cytotoxicity in ultrasound control groups was never observed. Ultrasound increased the clonogenic cytotoxicity of adriamycin (p = 0.00027 by paired t test) and diaziquone but not of cisplatin or mitomycin C. Potentiation of adriamycin depended on exposure time and tone-burst frequency. .OH production in water occurred at intensities as low as 0.4 kW/m2, but did not increase with added adriamycin. Ultrasound did not affect membrane fluidity, but moderately increased cellular adriamycin accumulation, possibly explaining the observed drug potentiation.
