ABSTRACT
To define the characteristics of malignancy we performed routine histology and an immunohistochemical study on seventeen aortic body tumors in dogs. We essayed tumors using a panel of immunohistochemical markers: neuron specific enolase (NSE), chromogranin A (CrA) and S-100. Among 17 cases, the neoplastic cells were positive for NSE (17 cases, 100%), S-100 (9 cases, 53%), and CrA (8 cases, 47%), respectively. The sustentacular cells density and chief cell staining intensity were both inversely related to tumor grade. The most relevant data was consistent with a negative staining of S-100 correlated with absence or decreased number of sustentacular cells in tumors grade III. This report indicates that the immunohistochemical panel has utility for the diagnosis of chemodectoma and the negative staining to CrA and S-100 markers in tumors grade III expresses an indication of malignant behaviour of the tumor.
Subject(s)
Aortic Bodies/pathology , Chromogranin A , Dog Diseases/diagnosis , Dog Diseases/immunology , Peripheral Nervous System Neoplasms/veterinary , S100 Proteins , Age Factors , Animals , Aortic Bodies/immunology , Dogs , Female , Immunohistochemistry/veterinary , Male , Peripheral Nervous System Neoplasms/diagnosis , Peripheral Nervous System Neoplasms/immunology , Species SpecificityABSTRACT
Formation and development of the ultimobranchial anlage were studied in chicken embryos by immunohistochemistry with the antibodies to class III beta-tubulin, TuJ1, human leukemic cell-line (HNK-1), and protein gene product (PGP) 9.5, all of which recognized neurons. Medial to the fourth aortic arch, the ultimobranchial anlage was formed by the extension of the ventral portion of the fourth pharyngeal pouch at 4.5 days of incubation. At 5 days of incubation, TuJ1-immunoreactive cells with long cell processes began to enter the ultimobranchial anlage, which displayed a follicle structure. At 6 days of incubation, numerous neuronal cells that were continuous with the distal vagal ganglion (nodose ganglion) and expressed immunoreactivity for TuJ1, HNK-1, and PGP 9.5 were found to be in direct contact with the peripheral portion of ultimobranchial anlage. The TuJ1 antibody reacted only with the neuronal cells, whereas the HNK-1 and PGP 9.5 antibodies reacted with both endodermal epithelial cells and the neuronal cells in the ultimobranchial anlage. Subsequently, the ultimobranchial anlage rapidly increased in size; the follicle wall was thickened and a central cavity disappeared. The TuJ1-immunoreactive cells were distributed throughout the ultimobranchial parenchyma in 7-day-old embryos. The neuronal cell streams from the distal vagal ganglion to the ultimobranchial anlage were still prominent at 8 days of incubation. Almost all parenchymal cells of the ultimobranchial glands were intensely immunoreactive for TuJ1, HNK-1, and PGP 9.5 between 10 and 16 days of incubation. These results indicate that the neuronal cells from the distal vagal ganglion enter into the ultimobranchial anlage and give rise to C cells, i.e., C cells differentiate along the neuronal lineage. During embryonic development, C cells of the chick ultimobranchial glands transiently express a number of neuronal properties.
Subject(s)
Aortic Bodies/embryology , Chick Embryo/anatomy & histology , Ultimobranchial Body/embryology , Age Factors , Animals , Aortic Bodies/cytology , Aortic Bodies/immunology , Cell Movement , Chickens/anatomy & histology , Female , Humans , Immunohistochemistry , Male , Nerve Tissue Proteins/analysis , Neurons/cytology , Thiolester Hydrolases/analysis , Ubiquitin Thiolesterase , Ultimobranchial Body/cytology , Ultimobranchial Body/immunologyABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to determine if enkephalin-like immunoreactivity was present in the glomus cells of the carotid and aortic body peripheral arterial chemoreceptors. Cat carotid and aortic bodies were reacted with antisera to met- and leu-enkephalin using the indirect peroxidase-antiperoxidase immunocytochemical method of Sternberger (1979). Both the carotid and aortic bodies demonstrated clusters of immunoreactive cells for both met- and leu-enkephalin. Additionally, met-enkephalin-like immunoreactivity was observed in many of the dense-core vesicles of the glomus cells of the carotid body. The glomus cells of these chemoreceptors are known to contain catecholamines which may modulate chemoreceptor activity. The presence of opioid peptide-like substances co-existing with the glomus cell catecholamines, perhaps in the same vesicles, may have important implications for a trophic influence of these peptides on glomus cell chemoreceptor modulation.
