Arteterapia y adulto mayor / Art Therapy and the Elderly

La adultez mayor es un momento del ciclo vital que supone el deterioro de aspectos que han acompañado a la persona desde su juventud. Encara con la pérdida, el duelo y el cambio de lo que ha ayudado a constituir identidad y un rol en el mundo a la persona. La arteterapia, como dispositivo de intervención, ofrece un escenario que permite conectar con el cuerpo (deteriorado) desde el disfrute, permitiendo habitarlo de otra manera; asimismo favorece la conexión con emociones agradables, reconectando con el sentido de estar vivo. Este artículo ofrece una mirada breve al trabajo con personas mayores, identificando los principales mecanismos de acción de la arteterapia y ofreciendo algunas líneas que pueden resultar útiles a la hora de plantearse el trabajo con personas mayores

Elderly age is a moment in the life cycle which represents the deterioration of aspects that have been with the person since youth. It faces the person with loss, mourning and change in what has helped to establish their identity and role in the world. Art Therapy, as an intervention device, offers a scenario that allows them to connect with their body (deteriorated) from enjoyment, allowing them to inhabit it differently; at the same time, it encourages the connection with pleasant emotions, reconnecting with the sense of being alive. This article looks briefly at work with elderly persons, identifying the main mechanisms of action of Art Therapy, and offering some lines that can be helpful at the time of considering work with elderly persons

Arteterapia en el ámbito de las adicciones / Art therapy in the addiction setting

El consumo de drogas y sus consecuencias son una importante causa directa de morbimortalidad en España. También está asociado indirectamente con otros problemas sociales y de salud. La arteterapia tiene un largo recorrido en el tratamiento de las adiciones en otros países y en España tiene cada día más presencia, formando parte de los equipos multidisciplinares en los centros de atención a la drogodependencia. La arteterapia ofrece un espacio seguro para la expresión de las emociones difíciles, que las personas en tratamiento para las adicciones experimentan a través del lenguaje visual desde el que se pueden sortear los bloqueos verbales. Además de facilitar el desarrollo de los recursos que pueden favorecer, también hace que el proceso de cambio desde el consumo a la abstinencia sea una realidad. Este artículo, séptimo de la serie Arteterapia, tiene como objetivo mostrar las aportaciones que la arteterapia ofrece a las personas con adicciones, se tratan las conexiones del abordaje arteterapéutico con el modelo transteórico de Prochaska y DiClemente y la entrevista motivacional, los mecanismos de acción por los cuales opera la arteterapia y, finalmente, se describen varias experiencias arteterapéuticas con un grupo de personas en tratamiento de las adicciones en el marco del proyecto Lakoma

Using drugs and its consequences are a major direct cause of morbimortality in Spain. It is also associated indirectly with other Social and health problems. Art Therapy has a long history in addiction treatment in other countries, and it is increasingly present in Spain, as part of the multidisciplinary teams in Care Centers for Drug Addiction. Art Therapy offers a safe space for expressing those difficult emotions experienced by persons on treatment for addiction, through the visual language that can sort out any verbal blocking. As well as facilitating the development of potentially favourable resources, it also turns into a reality the process of change from use to abstinence This is the seventh article in the Art Therapy series, and its objective is to show the contributions that Art Therapy offers to persons with addiction. It deals with the connections of the Art Therapy approach with the transtheoretical model by Prochaska and Diclemente and the motivational interview, the mechanisms of action through which Art Therapy acts and finally, there is a description of various experiences in Art Therapy with a group of persons on treatment for addiction in the setting of the Lakoma

Expressive writing as a therapeutic intervention for people with advanced disease: a systematic review.

BACKGROUND: Expressive writing involves writing about stressful or traumatic experiences. Despite trials in people with advanced disease, no systematic review to date has critiqued the evidence on expressive writing in this population. To synthesise the evidence of the effects of expressive writing on pain, sleep, depression and anxiety in people with advanced disease. METHODS: A systematic review according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. CINAHL, CENTRAL, PsycINFO and PubMed were searched from January 1986 to March 2018. Other sources included clinical data registers and conference proceedings. Studies were included if they were randomised controlled trials that assessed the impact of an intervention involving expressive writing for adults with advanced disease and/or studies involving linguistic analysis on the expressive writing output. Methodological quality was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool and the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation tool was used to assess the level of evidence for the outcomes of interest. The protocol of this systematic review has been registered on PROSPERO (CRD42017058193). RESULTS: Six eligible studies with a total of 288 participants were identified, including four randomised controlled trials. All of the trials were in cancer and recruited predominantly women. None of the interventions were tailored to the population. Studies had methodological shortcomings and evidence was generally of low quality. Combined analysis of the four trials, involving 214 participants in total, showed no clear difference in the effect of expressive writing on sleep, anxiety or depression compared to an active control. Pain was not evaluated in the trials. In contrast, analysis of the four studies that included linguistic analysis alluded to linguistic mechanisms for potential effects. CONCLUSION: Although the trial results suggest there is no benefit in expressive writing for people with advanced disease, the current evidence is limited. There is a need for more rigorous trials. It would be of benefit first to undertake exploratory research in trial design including how best to measure impact and in tailoring of the intervention to address the specific needs of people with advanced disease. TRIAL REGISTRATION: The protocol of this systematic review has been registered on PROSPERO, which can be accessed here (registration number: CRD42017058193 ).

Aportaciones de la arteterapia a la atención a la salud en personas que han vivido procesos migratorios / Contribution of Art Therapy to healthcare in persons who have experienced migration processes

La salud de las personas migrantes se ve amenazada por múltiples factores, entre los que se encuentran los relacionados con las condiciones de vida y trabajo desfavorables a las que se ven expuestas, experiencias de discriminación y bajo apoyo social, así como con el propio proceso migratorio. La arteterapia constituye un enfoque que puede contribuir a mejorar el bienestar de las personas que han vivido procesos de migración, ya que aporta vías y espacios de expresión y de relación a través del arte, así como la identificación y puesta en juego de recursos individuales y grupales para la salud. Su aplicación en el ámbito de la atención sanitaria puede contribuir al abordaje biopsicosocial de este colectivo, a la vez que permite avanzar en el empoderamiento de estas personas para la mejora de su salud. El presente artículo, sexto de la serie Arteterapia, tiene como objetivo explorar las posibilidades que dicha terapia puede aportar en personas que han vivido procesos migratorios, ofreciendo en primera instancia una contextualización acerca de la intervención arterapeútica en estas personas y mostrando una experiencia a través del programa "Tu barrio, tu casa" de Médicos del Mundo Navarra, y concluir con unas consideraciones finales en torno al tema

The health of migrant persons is threatened by multiple factors, including those associated with the exposure to unfavorable life and work conditions, discriminatory experiences and low social support, as well as the migration process itself. Art Therapy represents an approach that can contribute to the improvement in wellbeing for persons who have experienced migration processes, because it offers forms and spaces of expression and connection through art, as well as the identification and implementation of individual and group resources for heath. Its application in the healthcare setting can contribute to the biopsychosocial approach of this group, as well as allowing to move forward in terms of empowering these people for their health improvement. This is the sixth article in the Art Therapy series, and its objective is to explore the possibilities that said therapy can offer to persons who have experiences migration processes, first offering a contextualization about the Art Therapy intervention in these people, and showing an experience through the "Tu barrio, tu casa" ("Your neighbourhood, your home") by Médicos del Mundo ("Doctors of the World") from Navarra, and to end up with some final considerations regarding the subject

Arteterapia en dolor crónico / Art Therapy in chronic pain

El dolor es un fenómeno difícil de entender que comprende dimensiones sensoriales/discriminativas, afectivas/motivacionales y cognitivas/evaluativas. La arteterapia permite trabajar con aspectos corporales y cognitivo-emocionales del dolor; en este sentido resulta ser útil para desarrollar y explorar recursos para el manejo del dolor, pues al involucrar el cuerpo permite entrenar la atención dividida ampliando el campo perceptivo más allá del dolor. Dada la complejidad del dolor crónico, las intervenciones deben ser multicomponentes e interdisciplinares. El presente artículo presenta un abordaje arteterapéutico en el dolor crónico, recorriendo los mecanismos de acción y exponiendo una experiencia arteterapéutica con mujeres con dolor crónico tras haber pasado por una intervención basada en mindfulness

Pain is a phenomenon difficult to understand, which comprises sensory/discriminatory, affective/emotional and cognitive/evaluative dimensions. Art Therapy allows to work with physical and cognitive-emotional aspects of pain; in this sense, it is useful for developing and exploring resources for pain management, because involving the body allows to train the divided attention, widening the perceptive area beyond pain. Given the complexity of chronic pain, interventions must be interdisciplinary and with multiple components. This article presents an Art Therapy approach for chronic pain, going through mechanisms of action, and showing an Art Therapy experience with women in chronic pain after undergoing a mindfulness-based intervention

Arteterapia en el ámbito de hospitalización pediátrica / Art Therapy in the Paediatric Hospitalization setting

Desde la promoción de la salud como enfoque terapéutico, una de las cuestiones importantes a tratar dentro de la hospitalización infantil es la posibilidad de generar espacios de bienestar. Tomando en cuenta la perspectiva terapéutica, estos espacios han de poder estar disponibles para realizar un trabajo de fortalecimiento y/o desarrollo de recursos resilientes que contribuyan a la recuperación. El dispositivo arteterapéutico propone una forma de trabajo de naturaleza preverbal, sintónica con la experiencia afectiva y familiar para pacientes y familias, desde la cual es posible restaurar espacios de seguridad y confort que permitan que la experiencia de hospitalización pueda ser integrada como parte del proceso vital, sin que ello signifique ignorar o desatender el malestar que implica. El presente artículo, segundo de la serie "Arteterapia: zonas de transición entre la creación y el cuidado", tiene como objetivo mostrar las posibilidades que ofrece la arteterapia para abordar el malestar derivado de la hospitalización en la población infantil, subrayando los mecanismos por los cuales opera en relación con la ansiedad de la hospitalización, la limitación de los recursos de afrontamiento y la necesidad de recuperación de formas vinculares seguras

With Health Promotion as a treatment approach, one of the important matters to be treated within pediatric hospitalization is the likelihood to generate wellness areas. Taking into account the treatment perspective, these areas should be available in order to conduct the strengthening and/or development of resilient resources contributing to recovery. Art Therapy proposes a working methodology with preverbal nature, syntonic with the emotional and family experience for patients and relatives, where it is possible to recover safety and comfort areas to allow the hospitalization experience to be integrated as part of the life process, but at the same time without ignoring or disregarding the discomfort involved. The objective of this article, the second in the series: "Art Therapy: Areas of Transition between Creation and Care", is to show the possibilities offered by Art Therapy for addressing the discomfort derived of hospitalization among the pediatric population, highlighting the operating mechanisms regarding hospitalization anxiety, the limitation in coping strategies, and the need to recover secure attachment bonds

Arteterapia. Una vía más para la promoción de la salud / Art therapy. Another approach to health promotion

La arteterapia es una disciplina muy joven que busca consolidarse como vía terapéutica claramente diferenciada de otros dispositivos que utilizan el arte con fines de desarrollo humano, especialmente de la psicoterapia y de la educación artística. Este artículo es el primero de una serie monográfica en donde se abordará su disponibilidad como recurso terapéutico en relación a diversos ámbitos relacionados con problemas de salud y etapas del ciclo vital. Su objetivo es contextualizarla, aportar elementos teóricos y metodológicos que sirvan para delimitar su campo de actuación, y argumentar una forma de entenderla a partir de un enfoque terapéutico basado en la promoción de la salud, dentro del que se presenta como intervención específica en aquellas situaciones en que la salud está ya comprometida o se encuentra en riesgo. Se presenta una panorámica de la situación actual, se exponen las limitaciones que se observan para su desarrollo y se reseñan los principales retos que se tiene por delante, especialmente en el ámbito de la investigación

Art therapy is a very young discipline, looking to establish itself as a therapeutic approach clearly differentiated from other systems which use art with human development as their goal, particularly psychotherapy and art education. This article is the first in a monographic series addressing its availability as therapeutic resource in terms of different settings associated with health problems and vital cycle stages. Its objective is to put it into context, to provide theoretical and methodological elements that will be useful to define its area of action, and to argue how to understand it from a therapeutic approach based on health promotion, within which it will be presented as a specific intervention in those situations where health is already compromised or at risk. An overview of the current situation will be presented, stating the limitations observed for its development, and describing the main challenges ahead, particularly in the research setting

La vocación de curar a través del arte / The vocation of healing through art

La humanización del ejercicio de la medicina considera la vivencia de enfermar del paciente, así como el verdadero sentido del curar, aliviar, sanar y acompañar a la persona. Esa vivencia pone en juego la sensibilidad. La experiencia sensible y afectiva es motor de la capacidad simbólica del género humano, y el símbolo es lazo afectivo-representativo y acuerdo imaginario entre la persona y su mundo. Las imágenes, como símbolos, no pueden ser reducidas al lenguaje verbal racional. El Arte Terapia, a través de esas imágenes, acompaña a la persona en la prevención o tratamiento de enfermedades. Es una disciplina del campo de la salud en desarrollo en todo el mundo, con un creciente número de estudios que sustentan sus efectos positivos. Sus herramientas terapéuticas son la estimulación de la sensibilidad, el uso de la imagen como lenguaje, el juego creativo, la simbolización y la experiencia grupal. Su inclusión en el ámbito hospitalario tiene una fuerte razón de ser: el Arte siempre ha acompañado al hombre y a la Medicina, como otra forma de la vocación de curar. (AU)

Humanization of medical practice takes into account the patient's experience of illness, as well as the true sense to cure, to alleviate, to heal and to care about the person. Sensitiveness comes into play in that experience. The sensitive and emotional experience is the engine of the symbolic capacity of humankind; and the symbol is the representative-affective tie and the imaginary agreement between the person and his world. Images, as symbols, cannot be reduced to the rational verbal language. Art Therapy, through those images, takes care about the person in the prevention or treatment of different diseases. Art Therapy is a health-related discipline in development around the world with an increasing number of studies supporting its positive effects. Its therapeutic tools are the stimulation of the sensitivity, the use of the image as a language, the creative play, the symbolization, and the group experience. Art Therapy incorporation in the hospital setting has a strong rationale: Art has always been along with humankind and Medicine as another vocational way to heal. (AU)

Ser y crear en el proceso terapéutico: arteterapia en el Hospital de Día de Leganés / To be and create in the therapeutic process: art therapy in Leganés Day Care Center

Se aborda la experiencia de trabajo en el marco de un hospital de día de Salud Mental infanto juvenil, en el que el arteterapia se integra como disciplina en el equipo multidisciplinar, ofreciendo una atención integral a los chicos y chicas. Se articula en torno a dos ejemplos que posibilitan una mirada longitudinal y muestran a través de las producciones artísticas y el relato que las acompaña, las posibilidades de dicha intervención con pacientes trastornos mentales graves. Entendiendo el marco estructural del hospital de día como espacio vivo de encuentros únicos, observamos el modo en que la intervención dialoga con el resto de las disciplinas (AU)

The communication shows the working experience in a day hospital setting with Child and Adolescent Mental Health, where art therapy is integrated in the multidisciplinary team providing an integral support to the children. It´s articulated around two examples which offer us a longitudinal look and show, through artistic productions and the narrative statement that accompanies them, the possibilities of this kind of intervention to attend patients with serious mental disorders. Understanding the structural day hospital setting as an alive space where unique meeting experiences take place, we can observe the way the art therapy intervention talks with the rest of disciplines (AU)

Um estudo do processo expressivo de afásicos sob enfoque da psicologia junguiana / A study of the aphasics expressive process under the jungian psychological focus

Este artigo descreve uma pesquisa exploratória em que se aplica técnica expressiva plástica a afásicos de expressão, vítimas de acidente vascular cerebral isquêmico (AVCI) no hemisfério esquerdo. Objetivo: Investigar os resultados da intervenção realizando estudos de caso com base no método clínico e análise qualitativa, com enfoque teórico da psicologia junguiana. Método: Utiliza testes antes e depois da intervenção, como critério externo: a técnica projetiva HTP - House-Tree-Person, aponta mudanças de personalidade condizentes com as observadas no processo; o teste de percepção emocional International Affective Picture System - IAPS, e seu sistema de registro de respostas Self-Assessment Manikin - SAM, auxilia a lançar hipóteses sobre a transformação emocional dos participantes; o European Brain Injury Questionnaire - EBIQ, fornece substratos para discutir a transformação da visão dos sujeitos sobre seus próprios problemas. Mediante o método do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo identifica etapas do processo expressivo com conteúdos comuns ao grupo atendido. Resultados: Os resultados dos estudos de caso, do DSC e dos instrumentos de avaliação revelam que, ao final, os participantes, sem exceção, mostraram-se fortalecidos, mais próximos da sua própria realidade e enriquecidos no contato consigo mesmos e com o mundo externo. Conclusão: Os instrumentos de avaliação o confirmam, assinalando o valor terapêutico da técnica proposta e sugerindo que esta forma de intervenção pode ser útil no processo de reabilitação de afásicos

This article describes a exploratory research that applies a plastic expressive technique in expression aphasics, victims of ischemic stroke in the left hemisphere. Objetive: Investigates the intervention results through case studies based on the clinical method and qualitative analysis, with the theoretical focus on jungian psychology. Method: It uses tests before and after the intervention, such as external criterion. The projective thechnique House-Tree-Person - HTP, shows consonant results with the ones observed on expressive process; the emotional perception test International Affective Picture System - IAPS and its response record system Self-Assessment Manikin - SAM, enables to launch hypothesis on the emotional transformation of participants; the European Brain Injury Questionnaire - EBIQ, offers substratum to discuss the transformation of the subjects own vision of their problems. Through the Collective Subject Discourse method, identifies stages of the expressive process with contents common to the group. Results: The results of the case studies, the DSC and assessment tools reveal that, in the end, the participants, without exception, were strengthened, closer to their own reality and enriched in touch with themselves and with the outside world. Conclusion: Assessment tools to confirm by ticking the therapeutic value of the proposed technique and suggesting that this form of intervention may be helpful in the process of rehabilitation of aphasic.

Engaging older adults with dementia in creative occupations using artificially intelligent assistive technology.

Engagement in creative occupations has been shown to promote well-being for older adults with dementia. Providing access to such occupations is often difficult, as successful participation requires face-time with a person who is knowledgeable in facilitating engagement as well as access to any required resources, such as an arts studio. In response, a computer-based device, the Engaging Platform for Art Development (ePAD), was created to with the aim of enabling more independent access to art creation, ePAD is a an artificially intelligent touch-screen device that estimates a client's level of engagement and provides prompts to encourage engagement if the client becomes disengaged. ePAD is customizable such that an art therapist can choose themes and tools that they feel reflect their client's needs and preferences. This article presents a mixed-methods study that evaluated ePAD's usability by six older adult (with mild-to-moderate dementia) and art therapist dyads. Usability measures suggest that all participants found ePAD engaging but did not find prompts effective. Future development of ePAD includes improving the prompts, implementing the recommendations made by participants in this research, and long-term testing in more naturalistic art therapy contexts.

Pride and performance: evaluation challenges of a multimedia and information technologies project in remote Aboriginal Australia.

OBJECTIVES: This paper explores an approach to an evaluation challenge: to demonstrate the impact of an initiative drawing on innovative use of information/multimedia technology and performance to address perceived social needs within a disadvantaged, remote Indigenous Australian community. RESULTS: The approach is described and preliminary data are presented supporting the importance of local production and participation.

Out of a digital chrysalis: NIHNMF (pronounced nymph--the National Indigenous Health and New Media Forum).

In conjunction with the Creating Futures conference, the inaugural meeting of the National Indigenous Health and New Media Forum (NIHNMF--pronounced as 'nymph') was held at the Tanks Gallery in Cairns, Queensland, Australia. This paper describes the background to this innovative meeting of media minds. It also explores an emerging vision for addressing Indigenous health disparities through digital inclusion to overcome the 'digital divide' between mainstream and Indigenous Australians that constrains the delivery of appropriate health promotion to this health priority population.