Bacterial vaginosis in pregnancy: prevalence and outcomes in a tertiary care hospital.

Bacterial Vaginosis (BV) has recently emerged as a global health issue especially in pregnant women because of its adverse outcomes. Various studies have shown the impact of BV on both mother and baby as well as overall reproductive health of women. The study intended to assess the prevalence of BV in pregnant women visiting our hospital and estimate the risk of associated complications. A retrospective study was done on pregnant women who underwent vaginal swab for BV during the period January 2018- July 2019. BV was diagnosed by Nugent score and obstetric details until delivery were noted for pregnancy outcomes. Out of 217 women included in the study, 44 were diagnosed as positive for BV. Variables were compared between BV positive and negative groups by Chi square and t- test and risk ratios calculated for adverse pregnancy outcomes. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS 20.0 version. Prevalence of BV was found to be 20.3%. BV was significantly associated with preterm labour, premature rupture of membranes, preterm delivery, miscarriage, birth asphyxia, low birth weight, and neonatal intensive care unit admission. The study substantiated the evidence from previous studies that pregnant women with BV are at much higher risk for adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. Early Screening and awareness amongst women may help to prevent this.

[Evaluation of vertical transmission of two species of ureaplasmas in term newborns without respiratory disorders--a preliminary study]. / Ocena wertykalnej transmisji dwóch gatunków ureaplazm u donoszonych noworodków bez zaburzen oddechowych--badania wstepne.

UNLABELLED: Pregnancy promotes ureaplasma vaginal colonization. This creates the possibility of vertical transmission of these organisms to the child. These microorganisms can cause complications during pregnancy and poor condition of newborn. OBJECTIVES: Objectives of this study were to analyze the vertical transmission of different species of ureaplasmas in term newborns without respiratory distress. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 50 mothers and 50 of their newborn children. Swabs were obtained from swabs of the cervix in women and tracheal aspirates from neonates. The presence of ureaplasmas was confirmed by culture and PCR. Ureaplasmas species identification was performed using PCR. RESULTS: infection of ureaplasmas was found in 21 women (42%). Predominant species was U. parvum, which was found in 18 women. In 3 patients only the presence of U. urealyticum was confirmed. Ureaplasma infection in mother and her newborn baby was confirmed in 8 (17.4%) mother-child pairs, including 6 of these cases showing the presence of U. parvum and 2 U. urealyticum. The incidence of vertical transmission of ureaplasma infection was assessed at 33% for U. parvum and 67% for U. urealyticum, and the total for both species at 38%. It should be noted that in the group of 18 women infected with U.parvum, in 12 cases there was no transmission of infection to the child. However in 3 women infected with U. urealyticum 2 cases of transmission from mother to child were observed (67%). Although the group infected with U. urealyticum accounted for only 3 women, our preliminary observations may suggest that this species is probably more likely to be transferred from mother to child. CONCLUSIONS: Infection with U. urealyticum may be more frequently transferred from the genital tract of mother to child.

[Effect of a liquid acidophilic mixture on the intestinal microbiocenosis of infant patients in the 1st months of life]. / Vliianie zhidkoi atsidofil'noi smesi na mikrobiotsenoz kischechnika bol'nykh detei pervykh mesiatsev zhizni.

The effect of a liquid acidophilic mixture on intestinal biocenosis was studied in 10 premature infants aged 19 days to 1 1/2 months (Group I) with focal inflammation and neurological disorders after hypoxia in the perinatal period, and in 11 children aged 19 days to 3 1/2 months (Group II) with sepsis and intestinal diseases of staphylococcal, proteus and obscure etiology. Before application of the mixture, all the children demonstrated microbiocenosis disorders which were more remarkable in Group II. The liquid acidophilic mixture was shown to have a correcting action as regards lactobacilli, and the quantitative and qualitative composition of intestinal bacteria. The correcting effect exhibited by the mixture was found inadequate to neutralize an adverse effect of the infectious process and intense antibiotic therapy and chemotherapy on intestinal microbiocenosis in children of the first months of life suffering from sepsis and intestinal diseases, provided the mixture was used for 11-20 days.