El fundamento antropológico del bioderecho. Una reflexión biojurídica / The biolaw anthropological basis. A philosofical reflection of biolaw

A partir de una clarificación terminológica básica, se pretende examinar brevemente lo que puede entenderse como los dos intentos de fundamentación de mayores pretensiones en el ámbito de la biojurídica contemporánea, el de raigambre o filiación kantiana y el de perfil antropológico-metafísico. A través del examen crítico del primero, se intenta evidenciar que sólo desde una libertad o autonomía asumida desde una antropología realista o metafísica es posible defender un bioderecho como un límite verdaderamente infranqueable frente al poder tecnológico respecto de la vida y la procreación humanas

From a basic terminological clarification, we seek to examine briefly what can be acknowledged as the two biggest attempts of foundation in the Biolaw contemporary area, that of the Kantian tradition and that of the anthropological and metaphysical realism. Through a critical examination of the first one, we attempt to show that only from a freedom or an autonomy assumed from the anthropological and metaphysical realism, is possible to hold a Biolaw as a true impervious limit against the technological power regarding human life and human procreation

Quantitative description of temporomandibular joint sounds: defining clicking, popping, egg shell crackling and footsteps on gravel.

This study presents a quantitative description of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) sounds provided by a rule-based classification system based on sound classification by three dentists, who listened to and classified the sound recordings as no sound, click, coarse crepitus and fine crepitus. The sounds were recorded with microphones in the ear canal from 126 subjects during vertical opening, digitized at 15 000 Hz, and replayed using a computer sound card and speakers. The dentists' classification of a test set resulted in intra- and inter-tester j values ranging from 0.71 to 0.81 and 0.61-0.73, respectively. Pooled j values for the dentists and the dentists plus the rules were 0.67 and 0.58, respectively, which were not significantly different in terms of the sound features on which the rules were based (P = 0.13). Linear discriminant analysis showed the four TMJ sound types were significantly different (P < 0.001). The performance of the rules was equivalent to the dentists and marginally better than the linear discriminant functions (P = 0.08), establishing the validity of the quantitative descriptions they provide. The recording and rebroadcast methodology produced sounds very similar to those observed in the clinic and could be used to train clinicians in classifying TMJ sounds.