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1.
Belo Horizonte; s.n; 2016. 59 p. ilus.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO - Dentistry | ID: biblio-913268

ABSTRACT

Apesar de sua capacidade de reparo, o tecido ósseo pode ser submetido a alguns tipos de fraturas, cirurgias ou patologias que podem levar a grandes defeitos ósseos. As principais estratégias de tratamento de defeitos ósseos são baseados em osteoindução ou osteocondução. Matriz dentinária desmineralizada humana (MDDH) é uma alternativa biocompatível para preencher defeitos ósseos, melhorando a qualidade e quantidade de osso produzido. 24 Ratos Wistar foram selecionados, submetidos à extração de ambos os segundos molares superiores (direito e esquerdo). Os alvéolos foram separados em dois grupos: controle (direita) preenchido com coágulo sanguíneo e experimental (esquerda) preenchido com MDDH. Os animais foram sacrificados aos 5, 10 e 21 dias. Foram realizadas análises histológicas, histomorfométricas (análise de variância - ANOVA e teste de Tukey) e imunohistoquímica para osteopontina (OPN) como indicador de osteogênese. Aos 5 dias MDDH foi incorporada pelas novas trabéculas ósseas. Aos 10 dias observou-se organização do tecido conjuntivo e trabéculas no grupo experimental. Detectou-se coloração intensa para OPN em área adjacente à MDDH no grupo experimental. Aos 21 dias no grupo experimental verificou-se trabéculas maduras. Houve diferença estatísticamente significatva (p <0,05). Maior número de trabéculas em grupos experimentais que nos grupos controle em todos os períodos de análise. MDDH implantadas em alvéolos de ratos, induz a aceleração da osteogênese. Presença OPN observada mais intensamente aos 10 dias próximo à MDDH


BACKGROUND - Despite its good capacity for regeneration, bone tissue subjected to some types of fractures or surgery that can lead to large bone defects. The major bone defects treatment strategies are based in osteoinduction or osteoconduction. Demineralized human dentin matrix (DHDM) is a biocompatible alternative to fill bone defect, improving the quantity and quality of bone produced. METHODS - Wistar rats were selected, submitted to the extraction of both second molars (right and left). Alveoli were separated into two groups: control (right) filled with blood clot and experimental (left) filled with DHDM. Animals were sacrificed at 5, 10 and 21 days. Histological and histoquantitative analyzes (analysis of variance - ANOVA, and Tukey's test) were performed and immunostaining for osteopontin (OPN) as osteogenesis indicator. RESULTS - 5 days - DHDM incorporated by new trabeculae. 10 days - connective tissue organization and new trabeculae in the experimental group. Intense staining for OPN close to DHDM in the experimental group. 21 days - experimental group showing mature trabeculae. Statistical difference observed (p<0.05). Higher number of trabeculae in experimental groups in all periods of analysis. CONCLUSIONS - DHDM implanted in alveoli induces the acceleration of osteogenesis. Presence of OPN observed more intensely at 10 days close to DHDM


Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Alveolar Process/abnormalities , Bone Matrix/abnormalities , Bone Regeneration/physiology , Molar/anatomy & histology , Osteopontin/analysis , Osteopontin/genetics , Analysis of Variance , Data Interpretation, Statistical
2.
J Cell Sci ; 126(Pt 21): 4974-84, 2013 Nov 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24006258

ABSTRACT

To examine interactions between bone morphogenic protein (BMP) and canonical Wnt signaling during skeletal growth, we ablated Smad4, a key component of the TGF-ß-BMP pathway, in Osx1(+) cells in mice. We show that loss of Smad4 causes stunted growth, spontaneous fractures and a combination of features seen in osteogenesis imperfecta, cleidocranial dysplasia and Wnt-deficiency syndromes. Bones of Smad4 mutant mice exhibited markers of fully differentiated osteoblasts but lacked multiple collagen-processing enzymes, including lysyl oxidase (Lox), a BMP2-responsive gene regulated by Smad4 and Runx2. Accordingly, the collagen matrix in Smad4 mutants was disorganized, but also hypomineralized. Primary osteoblasts from these mutants did not mineralize in vitro in the presence of BMP2 or Wnt3a, and Smad4 mutant mice failed to accrue new bone following systemic inhibition of the Dickkopf homolog Dkk1. Consistent with impaired biological responses to canonical Wnt, ablation of Smad4 causes cleavage of ß-catenin and depletion of the low density lipoprotein receptor Lrp5, subsequent to increased caspase-3 activity and apoptosis. In summary, Smad4 regulates maturation of skeletal collagen and osteoblast survival, and is required for matrix-forming responses to both BMP2 and canonical Wnt.


Subject(s)
Bone Diseases, Developmental/metabolism , Bone Matrix/embryology , Bone Matrix/metabolism , Osteoblasts/metabolism , Osteogenesis , Signal Transduction , Smad4 Protein/metabolism , Wnt Proteins/metabolism , Animals , Bone Diseases, Developmental/congenital , Bone Diseases, Developmental/genetics , Bone Diseases, Developmental/physiopathology , Bone Matrix/abnormalities , Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2/metabolism , Collagen/metabolism , Female , Humans , Male , Mice , Osteoblasts/cytology , Smad4 Protein/genetics , Transforming Growth Factor beta/metabolism , Wnt Proteins/genetics , beta Catenin/metabolism
3.
Gene ; 532(2): 297-301, 2013 Dec 15.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24055421

ABSTRACT

Synpolydactyly 1(SPD1) is a dominantly inherited distal limb anomaly that is characterized by incomplete digit separation and increased number of digits. SPD1 is most commonly caused by polyalanine repeat expansions and mutations in the homeodomain of the HOXD13. We report a splice donor site mutation in HOXD13 associated in most cases with cortical bone thinning. In vitro study of transcripts and truncated protein analysis indicated that c.781+1G>A mutation results in truncated HOXD13 protein p.G190fsX4. Luciferase assay indicated that the truncated HOXD13 protein failed to bind to DNA. The mechanism for this phenotype was truncated protein loss of function.


Subject(s)
Codon, Nonsense , Homeodomain Proteins/genetics , RNA Splice Sites , Syndactyly/genetics , Transcription Factors/genetics , Animals , Base Sequence , Bone Matrix/abnormalities , DNA Mutational Analysis , Genetic Association Studies , Homeodomain Proteins/metabolism , Humans , Mice , NIH 3T3 Cells , Pedigree , Promoter Regions, Genetic , Protein Binding , Receptor, EphA7/genetics , Transcription Factors/metabolism , Transcription, Genetic
4.
Rev. bras. implantodontia ; 3(1): 13-20, jan.-fev. 1997. ilus, CD-ROM
Article in Portuguese | BBO - Dentistry | ID: biblio-857225

ABSTRACT

Na presente pesquisa avaliamos o potencial do Osseobond (matriz óssea bovina desmineralizada) no reparo de defeitos ósseos perenes provocados em crânios de cobaias. Um total de 24 defeitos ósseos de 8 mm de diâmetro foi produzido com trefina cirúrgica na calvária de 12 cobaias machos e adultos. Em cada animal, um defeito foi preenchido com partículas de Osseobond aglutinadas com sangue do próprio animal e outro com coágulo sanguíneo. As calvárias de grupos de 4 cobaias, foram coletadas após 1, 3 e 6 meses. Os espécimes descalcificados foram processados e cortes histológicos semi-seriados de 6 um foram obtidos. A análise histológica indicou que: a) todos os defeitos ósseos preenchidos somente com coágulo sangüíneo estavam totalmente abertos e continham tecido conjuntivo fibroso; e b) nos defeitos ósseos preenchidos com Osseobond, as partículas foram reabsorvidas, em quase sua totalidade já após 3 meses. Aos 6 meses de espaço da lesão estava totalmente ocupado por tecido ósseo em estado avançado de organização; em um caso desse grupo, permaneceu uma pequena abertura lateral. O processo de reabsorção da matriz óssea liofilizada de reparo ósseo foi acompanhado pela análise histológica


Subject(s)
Animals , Guinea Pigs , Bone Resorption , Bone Matrix/abnormalities
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