Heads Together Online Peer Education (HOPE): co-design of a family-led, video-based resource for families affected by paediatric acquired brain injury.

Background Many families of children with acquired brain injuries (ABI) desire opportunities to connect with peers who have shared similar experiences, but such opportunities are often unavailable. Heads Together Online Peer Education (HOPE) is a co-designed online video-based resource that provides information and early support to families following paediatric ABI. This study is part of a larger co-creation project using a community-based participatory research approach to develop and implement HOPE for families impacted by paediatric ABI in Australia. This study aimed to explore parents' and clinicians' perspectives regarding HOPE's usability, acceptability, and future implementation. Methods Parents and clinicians were recruited from a state-wide, interdisciplinary rehabilitation service. Parents were eligible to participate if their child had sustained an ABI within 2 years of recruitment. Participants accessed HOPE, completed the System Usability Scale (SUS), and participated in a semi-structured interview. Transcripts were analysed using inductive content analysis. Results Ten parents and 13 rehabilitation clinicians participated. Average SUS scores were 80.5/100 and 81.73/100, respectively. Participants were satisfied with HOPE's family-centred content and delivery. They expressed having benefited from using HOPE and offered suggestions for its optimisation. Finally, participants reflected on how HOPE could be introduced to and used by families, and its potential usefulness in educating others about paediatric ABI. Conclusions HOPE was developed through a family-led co-design process and aims to provide information and support to families in the early stages following paediatric ABI. This study's findings demonstrate HOPE's usability and acceptability from end-users' perspectives and will guide implementation.

A systematic review of remotely delivered interventions to support wellbeing amongst caregivers of adults with acquired brain injuries.

Background There is a need for improved access to evidence-based interventions supporting the wellbeing of caregivers of adults with acquired brain injury (ABI). Remotely delivered interventions could address this need. The present systematic review sought to collate studies evaluating remotely delivered interventions designed to improve the wellbeing of caregivers of adults with an ABI, to summarise findings and to comment on the quality of this research. Methods Systematic searches were conducted up until December 2023. Study characteristics, populations, interventions and outcomes were outlined, and papers were appraised on methodological quality. The review was pre-registered (PROSPERO: CRD42020189235). Results Eleven studies meeting inclusion criteria were identified. Methodological quality was generally low to adequate. Most studies evaluated an intervention for caregivers of people with stroke, with a variety of types of interventions trialled. The majority of studies reported non-significant findings on wellbeing outcomes when compared to control conditions. Conclusions There is limited evidence supporting a remotely delivered intervention to improve wellbeing outcomes for ABI caregivers. Specific recommendations are provided, including the development of a core set of outcomes and replication of findings over time, which can improve research into the development and evaluation of remote interventions for this population.

Investigating the Efficacy of a Community Support Network Rehabilitation Intervention for Improving Resiliency, Quality of Life, and Neurocognitive Function in Survivors of Intimate Partner Violence-Caused Brain Injury: Protocol for a Feasibility Study.

BACKGROUND: Globally, approximately 1 in 3 women experience intimate partner violence (IPV) in their lifetime. Brain injury (BI) is a common, yet often unrecognized, consequence of IPV. BIs caused by IPV tend to be mild, occur repetitively over the course of months or years, are remote in time, and result in chronic symptoms. Similar to BI from other causes, therapeutic treatment for women with IPV-caused BI (IPV-BI) is crucial to help resolve any physical or cognitive impairments, enhance the quality of life (QoL), and minimize longer-term neurodegeneration. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to investigate the feasibility and efficacy of a community support network (CSN) rehabilitation intervention regarding its impact on resiliency, QoL, and neurocognitive function. METHODS: In this pre- and postexperimental design, women (aged 18 to 50 years) who are survivors of IPV and IPV-BI will be recruited from various community organizations serving survivors of IPV. Exclusion criteria will include current pregnancy and any diagnosed neurological disorder known to affect cerebrovascular, neurocognitive, or sensorimotor function. A CSN rehabilitation intervention that includes aerobic exercise, cognitive training, mindfulness meditation, and counseling will be administered. A trauma-informed approach will be integrated into the design and implementation of the program. Furthermore, the program will include a participant navigator who will provide trauma- and violence-informed advocacy and systems navigation support to participants, in addition to facilitating a monthly peer support group. The intervention will be provided for 2.5 hours a day and 2 days a week for 3 months. Participants will complete psychological assessments and provide clinic-demographic information in the first assessment. In the second (before intervention), third (after intervention), and fourth (at follow-up) sessions, they will complete tests of resiliency, QoL, and neurocognition. The estimated sample size is 100. The objective of this study will be accomplished by quantitatively measuring resiliency, QoL, and neurocognition before and immediately after the intervention. A follow-up assessment will occur 3 months after the completion of the intervention to evaluate the maintenance of any improvements in function. One-way ANOVAs will be used to evaluate the intervention outcome across the testing times. Relationships among various variables will be explored using regression analysis. RESULTS: We anticipate that the CSN rehabilitation intervention will be effective in improving resiliency, QoL, and neurocognitive function in women who have experienced IPV-BI. Furthermore, we anticipate that this intervention will be feasible in terms of study recruitment, adherence, and retention. CONCLUSIONS: The CSN rehabilitation intervention will have a positive impact on resiliency, QoL, and neurocognitive functions in survivors of IPV-BI. Subsequently, a comparative study will be conducted by recruiting a control group receiving usual care. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID): PRR1-10.2196/54605.

Virtual reality as a method of cognitive training of processing speed, working memory, and sustained attention in persons with acquired brain injury: a protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: Acquired brain injury (ABI) often leads to persisting somatic, cognitive, and social impairments. Cognitive impairments of processing speed, sustained attention, and working memory are frequently reported and may negatively affect activities of daily living and quality of life. Rehabilitation efforts aiming to retrain these cognitive functions have often consisted of computerized training programs. However, few studies have demonstrated effects that transfer beyond the trained tasks. There is a growing optimism regarding the potential usefulness of virtual reality (VR) in cognitive rehabilitation. The research literature is sparse, and existing studies are characterized by considerable methodological weaknesses. There is also a lack of knowledge about the acceptance and tolerability of VR as an intervention method for people with ABI. The present study aims to investigate whether playing a commercially available VR game is effective in training cognitive functions after ABI and to explore if the possible effects transfer into everyday functioning. METHODS: One hundred participants (18-65 years), with a verified ABI, impairments of processing speed/attention, and/or working memory, and a minimum of 12 months post injury will be recruited. Participants with severe aphasia, apraxia, visual neglect, epilepsy, and severe mental illness will be excluded. Participants will be randomized into two parallel groups: (1) an intervention group playing a commercial VR game taxing processing speed, working memory, and sustained attention; (2) an active control group receiving psychoeducation regarding compensatory strategies, and general cognitive training tasks such as crossword puzzles or sudoku. The intervention period is 5 weeks. The VR group will be asked to train at home for 30 min 5 days per week. Each participant will be assessed at baseline with neuropsychological tests and questionnaires, after the end of the intervention (5 weeks), and 16 weeks after baseline. After the end of the intervention period, focus group interviews will be conducted with 10 of the participants in the intervention group, in order to investigate acceptance and tolerability of VR as a training method. DISCUSSION: This study will contribute to improve understanding of how VR is tolerated and experienced by the ABI population. If proven effective, the study can contribute to new rehabilitation methods that persons with ABI can utilize in a home setting, after the post-acute rehabilitation has ended.

Feasibility of a physiotherapist-supervised walking program with telephone coaching to increase physical activity following acquired brain injury.

Background Physical activity has health benefits for adults with acquired brain injury, but it is a challenge to increase physical activity during inpatient rehabilitation. The objectives of this pilot study were to determine whether a physiotherapy-supervised inpatient walking program was feasible and able to improve physical activity and sedentary behaviour in the short and medium term. Methods Adults with acquired brain injury receiving inpatient rehabilitation undertook twice-weekly supervised walks plus behavioural therapy for 4 weeks. Feasibility was measured via recruitment, participation and drop out rates, adverse events and intervention delivery costs. Physical activity and sedentary behaviour were measured with an activPAL. Assessments were conducted at baseline, post-intervention and 3-6 months post-intervention. Results The program was safe to deliver (no adverse events), recruitment rate was 55% (16/29) and the participation rate for eligible individuals was high (14/19, 74%). However, the program had a high drop out rate (7/16, 44%) and physical activity and sedentary behaviour did not significantly change during the 4-week intervention. Costs were AU$427.71/participant. Physical activity and sedentary behaviour did improve 3-6 months after the intervention (vs baseline, on average: +3913 steps per day, 95% CI: 671, 7156). Conclusion This pilot study demonstrated a supervised physiotherapy walking program is safe and feasible to recruit in an inpatient setting. However, drop out during the study was high and behaviour change did not occur. More work is required to boost physical activity during sub-acute rehabilitation for acquired brain injury.

Paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity during neurorehabilitation for severe acquired brain injury: current Scandinavian practice and Delphi consensus recommendations.

OBJECTIVES: To document current practice and develop consensus recommendations for the assessment and treatment of paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity (PSH) during rehabilitation after severe acquired brain injury. DESIGN: Delphi consensus process with three rounds, based on the Guidance on Conducting and REporting DElphi Studies (CREDES) guidelines, led by three convenors (the authors) with an expert panel. Round 1 was exploratory, with consensus defined before round 2 as agreement of at least 75% of the panel. SETTING: A working group within the Nordic Network for Neurorehabilitation. PANEL PARTICIPANTS: Twenty specialist physicians, from Sweden (9 participants), Norway (7) and Denmark (4), all working clinically with patients with severe acquired brain injury and with current involvement in clinical decisions regarding PSH. RESULTS: Consensus was reached for 21 statements on terminology, assessment and principles for pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment, including some guidance on specific drugs. From these, an algorithm to support clinical decisions at all stages of inpatient rehabilitation was created. CONCLUSIONS: Considerable consensus exists in the Nordic countries regarding principles for PSH assessment and treatment. An interdisciplinary approach is needed. Improved documentation and collation of data on treatment given during routine clinical practice are needed as a basis for improving care until sufficiently robust research exists to guide treatment choices.

Assessment of visual problems after acquired brain injury: a survey of current practice in Danish hospitals.

OBJECTIVES: To explore current hospital practice in relation to the assessment of vision problems in patients with acquired brain injury. DESIGN: A survey study. SUBJECTS: A total of 143 respondents from hospital settings, with background in occupational therapy and physical therapy, participated in the survey. METHODS: The survey questionnaire, developed collaboratively by Danish and Norwegian research groups, encompassed 22 items categorically covering "Background information", "Clinical experience and current practice", "Vision assessment tools and protocols", and "Assessment barriers". It was sent out online, to 29 different hospital departments and 18 separate units for occupational therapists and physiotherapists treating patients with acquired brain injury. RESULTS: Most respondents worked in acute or subacute hospital settings. Few departments had an interdisciplinary vision team, and very few therapists had formal education in visual problems after acquired brain injury. Visual assessment practices varied, and there was limited use of standardized tests. Barriers to identifying visual problems included patient-related challenges, knowledge gaps, and resource limitations. CONCLUSION: The study emphasized the need for enhanced interdisciplinary collaboration, formal education, and standardized assessments to address visual problems after acquired brain injury. Overcoming these challenges may improve identification and management, ultimately contributing to better patient care and outcomes in the future.

[Early cognitive rehabilitation for patients with severe neurological impairment]. / Prise en charge cognitive précoce des patients cérébrolésés sévères.

Improving the state and future of patients severely impaired following brain injury is at the heart of early rehabilitation, established from the first days of hospitalization. For cognitive deficits, this management involves several challenges, related to hospital conditions and to the patients' capacities during the acute phase. A relevant intervention can be provided, as long as it involves an assessment adapted to these particularities and a rehabilitation targeting the most limiting deficits at this stage. These findings, discussed in the light of our clinical experience and current knowledge in the field, have yet to be scientifically tested since randomized clinical trials are still lacking. The integration of new technologies to facilitate the bedside work presents another prospect for the future.

Améliorer sans délai l'état et le devenir des patients sévèrement touchés par une lésion cérébrale constitue l'essence de la rééducation précoce, instaurée dès les premiers jours de l'hospitalisation. Pour les aspects cognitifs, cette prise en charge comporte plusieurs défis, liés aux conditions hospitalières et aux capacités des patients. Une intervention pertinente peut être pratiquée, sous réserve d'une évaluation adaptée à ces particularités et d'une rééducation ciblant les déficits les plus limitants à ce stade. Ces constats, discutés à la lumière de notre expérience clinique et des connaissances actuelles, doivent encore être prouvés scientifiquement car les essais cliniques randomisés manquent cruellement. L'intégration des nouvelles technologies pour faciliter le travail au chevet des patients constitue une autre perspective d'avenir.

Understanding factors that influence goal setting in rehabilitation for paediatric acquired brain injury: a qualitative study using the Theoretical Domains Framework.

Background While goal setting with children and their families is considered best practice during rehabilitation following acquired brain injury, its successful implementation in an interdisciplinary team is not straightforward. This paper describes the application of a theoretical framework to understand factors influencing goal setting with children and their families in a large interdisciplinary rehabilitation team. Methods A semi-structured focus group was conducted with rehabilitation clinicians and those with lived experience of paediatric acquired brain injury (ABI). The 90-min focus group was audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Data were thematically coded and mapped against the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) to understand influencing factors, which were then linked to the Capability, Opportunity, Motivation - Behaviour (COM-B) model. Results A total of 11 participants (nine paediatric rehabilitation clinicians, one parent and one young person with lived experience of paediatric ABI) participated in the focus group. Factors influencing collaborative goal setting mapped to the COM-B and six domains of the TDF: Capabilities (Skills, Knowledge, Beliefs about capabilities, and Behavioural regulation), Opportunities (Environmental context and resources), and Motivation (Social/professional role and identity). Results suggest that a multifaceted intervention is needed to enhance rehabilitation clinicians' and families' skills and knowledge of goal setting, restructure the goal communication processes, and clarify the roles clinicians play in goal setting within the interdisciplinary team. Conclusion The use of the TDF and COM-B enabled a systematic approach to understanding the factors influencing goal setting for children with acquired brain injury in a large interdisciplinary rehabilitation team, and develop a targeted, multifaceted intervention for clinical use. These represent important considerations for the improvement of collaborative goal setting in paediatric rehabilitation services to ensure that best practice approaches to goal setting are implemented effectively in clinical practice.

Neurorehabilitation across the Continuum: From the Neurocritical care unit to home.

Children admitted to neurocritical care units often experience new neurodevelopmental disabilities due to both their acquired neurologic injuries and deconditioning from prolonged hospitalizations. Rehabilitation for critically ill children is multifactorial and begins in the intensive care unit itself. The goals of rehabilitation include prevention of complications associated with immobilization and evolving tone, comprehensive evaluation and treatment of functional deficits, and implementation of adaptive strategies with the goal of maximizing recovery. As a child progresses along the medical continuum from the neurocritical care unit to acute care to post-hospitalization settings, their rehabilitative needs and interventions should also evolve. A child in the neurocritical care unit is likely to have sustained an acquired brain injury. Whether resulting from traumatic or non-traumatic causes, all etiologies of pediatric acquired brain injury can result in significant challenges for the child and their family. Post-intensive care syndrome-pediatrics is a clinical construct that that systematically organizes the range of physical, cognitive, psychological, and social symptoms that emerge in both a child and their family members following a critical illness. Ideally, outpatient care for this population evaluates and supports all areas of post-intensive care syndrome-pediatrics through an interdisciplinary clinical care model. Proactive and comprehensive rehabilitation across the continuum provides the opportunity to support the child and their family in all areas affected, thereby minimizing distress, maximizing function, and optimizing outcomes.

The many faces of stigma after Acquired Brain Injury: a systematic review.

Background Stigma after Acquired Brain Injury (ABI) has been described as a significant obstacle for the recovery of survivors. Despite its theoretical and clinical relevance, studies dedicated to stigma after ABI are just starting to emerge. The goal of this systematic review was to integrate the existing scientific evidence and develop a model of stigma after brain injury that can guide interventions at different levels. Method Three electronic databases were employed. A search strategy was adapted for each database. Articles that explored stigma in adult ABI populations were included. All articles used quantitative, qualitative or mixed method designs and were published in English, Spanish or Portuguese. Results A total of 21 articles were selected. They considered three types of stigma after ABI: (1) self-stigma, (2) stigma-by-association and (3) public stigma. It was also found that information can be processed at implicit and explicit levels across all three forms of stigma. Definitions of each type of stigma used with ABIs are provided as well as related concepts and theoretical frameworks employed. Evidence emerging from different forms of stigma after ABI is summarised. Conclusion Research on stigma after ABI is heterogeneous, and existing studies have explored its impact at individual, family and public levels. A model of stigma after ABI should consider all these levels as well as the interactions that can occur between them. Future studies should explore how to incorporate stigma management as part of neuropsychological rehabilitation programs.

Prognostic factors for tracheostomy early decannulation in acquired brain injury patients.

After severe brain injuries, a tracheostomy tube is usually inserted for respiratory support. This study aimed to clarify the prognostic factors for tracheostomy early decannulation in patients with acquired brain injuries. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of inpatients with acquired brain injuries who underwent successful tracheostomy decannulation between March 2021 and June 2022. Fifty-six patients were included; median age was 68 (59-72) years; 28 (50%) were men; 28 (50%) underwent tracheostomy due to stroke. The median time to decannulation was 47 days. The patients were divided into the early and the late decannulation groups based on the median time, and compared. In univariate analysis, the early decannulation group had a higher BMI, peak cough flow, and acquired brain injuries due to trauma, and a lower penetration-aspiration scale score, duration of antibiotic use, and duration of oxygen use. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that a higher initial peak cough flow [hazard ratio (HR) 1.142; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.912-0.954; P  < 0.001] and lower duration of oxygen use (HR 0.930; 95% CI 0.502-0.864; P  = 0.016) were independent factors for early tracheostomy decannulation, with each unit increase in peak cough flow corresponding to a 14.2% increase and each additional day of duration of oxygen use corresponding to a 7.0% decrease in the likelihood of early decannulation. In conclusion, key prognostic factors for early tracheostomy decannulation were identified as the initial cough strength and duration of oxygen use. These results could play important role in decannulation plans for patients with tracheostomy tube.

Team functioning in Neurorehabilitation: a mixed methods study.

The objective of this study was to enhance understanding of team functioning in a neurorehabilitation team by identifying the factors that impede and facilitate effective interprofessional team collaboration. We focused on team identification, psychological safety, and team learning, and conducted the research at a neurorehabilitation center treating young patients with severe acquired brain injury in the Netherlands. A mixed-methods approach was employed, integrating quantitative data from questionnaires (N = 40) with qualitative insights from a focus group (n = 6) and in-depth interviews (n = 5) to provide a comprehensive perspective on team dynamics. Findings revealed strong team identification among participants, denoting a shared sense of belonging and commitment. However, limited psychological safety was observed, which negatively affected constructive conflict and team learning. Qualitative analysis further identified deficiencies in shared mental models, especially in shared decision-making and integrated care. These results highlight the crucial role of psychological safety in team learning and the development of shared mental models in neurorehabilitation settings. Although specific to neurorehabilitation, the insights gained may be applicable to enhancing team collaboration in various healthcare environments. The study forms a basis for future research to investigate the impact of improvements in team functioning on patient outcomes in similar settings.

Rehabilitation models for community integration of adults with acquired brain injury in rural areas: a scoping review.

INTRODUCTION: Community integration (CI) is recognised as an overarching goal for the rehabilitation of individuals with acquired brain injury (ABI). However, adults with less severe ABI often experience a lack of support when they return home after discharge from hospital or inpatient rehabilitation, despite having persistent impairments and ongoing needs. Individuals living in rural areas are even less likely to receive adequate support during this period, which is often marked by challenges and uncertainty. This review aims to map and explore the research literature to identify existing models for rehabilitation service provision aimed at promoting the CI of home-dwelling adults with ABI living in rural areas. METHODS: A scoping review of the research literature was conducted. The study followed the Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines for scoping reviews and the PRISMA extension for scoping reviews. The databases searched were MEDLINE, Embase, AMED, CINAHL, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, PsycInfo, and Google Scholar. No limitations were set for the study design, time of publication, or country of origin, but only literature in English, Danish, Norwegian, or Swedish was considered for inclusion. RESULTS: Twenty-seven articles were included. All of them originated from four Western and predominantly English-speaking countries: Australia, Canada, the UK, and the US. A thematic analysis identified six model categories that reflect different strategies for providing rehabilitation that promote CI in adults with ABI in rural areas. Sorting the model categories into micro (individual, interpersonal), meso (organisational, community), and macro (policy, society) levels highlighted that most of the included literature concentrates on microlevel issues at the individual or interpersonal level. Microlevel model categories encompass self-management and education, the use of navigators, and the incorporation of everyday life activities into rehabilitation. Far fewer articles addressed mesolevel issues such as service development in rural areas or the development of inclusive rural communities, and only a single article addressed policy development at the macro level. CONCLUSION: The relatively low number of included articles and limited geographical distribution of studies indicate that more research is needed on rehabilitation models aimed at promoting CI in adults with ABI in rural areas. Although we identified several existing approaches to rehabilitation service provision in rural areas, there is still a need to develop models that fully consider the complexity and long-term nature of CI after ABI. The results also demonstrate that CI in rural areas not only is dependent on professional service delivery aimed at the individual with ABI but also can be promoted by supporting significant others, developing inclusive communities, and improving policies. More knowledge on such issues may facilitate a wider reorganisation of care systems to enhance the CI of adults with ABI in rural areas. However, this will require more research with a wider scope than microlevel service delivery.

International classification of functioning, disability and health with long-term consequences of cranio-brain injury.

OBJECTIVE: Aim: To describe health status and related functioning of patients with different severity of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in past medical history in Ukraine and determining the feasibility of using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) Brief Core Set for TBI. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and Methods: A total of 102 patients, who were treated in the neurological department of Dnipropetrovsk regional clinical hospital and State Institution ≪Ukrainian State Scientific Research Institute of Medical and Social Problems of Disability of Health Ministry of Ukraine≫, had been examined. Patients were divided into three groups: mild, moderate and severe TBI in past history and evaluated using ICF Brief Core Set for TBI. RESULTS: Results: Тhe most common problems in the functioning and health of patients in remote period of TBI, along with the influencing factors have been identified in the study. The most frequent categories from ≪Body Functions≫ and ≪Activity and Participation≫ sections in which patients had alterations were: memory functions, emotional functions, sensation of pain, functions of attention, brain structure, complex interpersonal interactions, family relationships. The increase in the amount and severity of disturbances with increasing severity of TBI had been established in all categories, except complex interpersonal interactions and family relationships. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: Patients of all groups identified the family and close relatives, healthcare service and social welfare services, as the most frequent relieving factors of life activity. The use of the ICF Brief Core Set for assessing the subjects with TBI in past history provides a convenient procedure to standardize and structure functioning description. Information collected by the ICF Brief Core Set may be used for different purposes: clinical assessment, administration of medical services, planning and implementation of rehabilitation and evaluation of results, in scientific research, reports and health care statistics.

Further recommendations of the International Paediatric Brain Injury Society (IPBIS) for the post-acute rehabilitation of children with acquired brain injury.

BACKGROUND: Paediatric acquired brain injury is a life-long condition which impacts on all facets of the individual's lived experience. The existing evidence base continues to expand and new fields of enquiry are established as clinicians and researchers uncover the extent of these impacts. PRIMARY OBJECTIVE: To add to recommendations described in the International Paediatric Brain Injury Society's 2016 paper on post-acute care for children with acquired brain injury and highlight new areas of enquiry. REVIEW OF INFORMATION: Recommendations were made based on the opinions of a group of experienced international clinicians and researchers who are current or past members of the board of directors of the International Paediatric Brain Injury Society. The importance of each recommendation was agreed upon by means of group consensus. OUTCOMES: This update gives new consideration to areas of study including injuries which occur in pre-school children, young people in the military, medical referral, young offenders and the use of technology in rehabilitation.

Patient-report and caregiver-report measures of rehabilitation service use following acquired brain injury: a systematic review.

OBJECTIVE: To review patient-report/caregiver-report measures of rehabilitation service use following acquired brain injury (ABI). DATA SOURCES: Medline, APA PsycINFO, Embase and CINAHL were searched on November 2021 and November 2022. Authors were contacted if measures were not included in manuscripts/appendices. STUDY SELECTION: Included articles were empirical research or a research protocol, available in English and described measures of patient report/caregiver report of rehabilitation service use post-ABI via quantitative or qualitative methods. Two reviewers independently screened 5290 records using DistillerSR. Discrepancies were resolved by team adjudication. DATA EXTRACTION: Data extraction was piloted with high levels of agreement (k=.94). Data were extracted by a single member with team meetings to seek guidance as needed. Data included administration characteristics (reporter, mode of administration, recall period), psychometric evidence and dimensions assessed (types of services, setting, frequency, duration, intensity, qualitative aspects). DATA SYNTHESIS: One hundred and fifty-two measures were identified from 85 quantitative, 56 qualitative and 3 psychometric studies. Psychometric properties were reported for four measures, all of which focused on satisfaction. Most measures inquired about the type of rehabilitation services used, with more than half assessing functional (eg, physical therapy) and behavioural health rehabilitation services, but fewer than half assessing community and academic reintegration (eg, special education, vocational rehabilitation) or cognitive (eg, neuropsychology) services. Fewer than half assessed qualitative aspects (eg, satisfaction). Recall periods ranged from 1 month to 'since the ABI event' or focused on current use. Of measures that could be accessed (n=71), many included a limited checklist of types of services used. Very few measures assessed setting, frequency, intensity or duration. CONCLUSIONS: Despite widespread interest, the vast majority of measures have not been validated and are limited in scope. Use of gold-standard psychometric methods to develop and validate a comprehensive patient-report/caregiver-report measure of rehabilitation service use would have wide-ranging implications for improving rehabilitation research in ABI.