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1.
Lima; Instituto Nacional de Salud; oct. 2019.
Non-conventional in Spanish | BRISA/RedTESA | ID: biblio-1129799

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN: La aspiración de cuerpos extraños son incidentes evitables que son comunes en niños entre 1 y 3 años. Cuadro clínico: Los cuerpos extraños en vías aéreas continúan presentando desafíos para su manejo debido a que los síntomas pueden simular diferentes enfermedades pediátricas, como asma, crup o neumonía. La extracción del cuerpo extraño se realiza a través del broncoscopio rígido. Tecnología sanitaria: El broncoscopio rígido es un dispositivo utilizado para propósitos diagnósticos y terapéutico en el caso de presencia de cuerpos extraños en las vías aéreas. El dispositivo cuenta con un tubo rígido que contiene dos canales separados para la óptica y los instrumentos. Este dispositivo permite una visualización constante de las vías aéreas lo que facilita el procedimiento y la intubación del paciente, entre otras. Existen diferentes marcas en el mercado internacional, sin embargo, no se ha podido identificar marcas disponibles en el Perú a través de una fuente oficial. OBJETIVO: Evaluar la eficacia y seguridad, así como documentos relacionados a la decisión de cobertura del broncoscopio rígido para la extracción de cuerpo extraño en vías aéreas. METODOLOGÍA: Se realizó una búsqueda en las principales bases de datos bibliográficas: MEDLINE, LILACS, COCHRANE, así como en buscadores genéricos de Internet incluyendo Google Scholar y TRIPDATABASE. Adicionalmente, se hizo una búsqueda dentro de la información generada por las principales instituciones internacionales de pediatría, otorrinolaringología y agencias de tecnologías sanitarias que realizan revisiones sistemáticas (RS), evaluación de tecnologías sanitarias (ETS) y guías de práctica clínica (GPC). RESULTADOS: Se seleccionaron tres series de casos/registros y un estudio de revisión con búsqueda sistemática. Además, se incluyeron dos guías de práctica clínica. No se encontraron evaluaciones de tecnología sanitaria ni evaluaciones económicas de la región que evaluaran al broncoscopio rígido para la extracción de cuerpo extraños en vías aéreas. CONCLUSIONES: La evidencia con respecto al uso del broncoscopio para la extracción de cuerpo extraño en vías aéreas es escasa. Si bien no se identificó estudios comparativos del uso de esta tecnología, existen series de casos/registros de pacientes que utilizan la tecnología y se evidencia una tasa de éxito de más del 95% para la remoción del cuerpo extraño sin ningún reporte de eventos adversos severos. Las guías de práctica clínica recabadas recomiendan la utilización del broncoscopio rígido para el manejo de cuerpo extraño en vía aérea sin mencionar otra tecnología. No se encontraron evaluaciones de tecnología ni evaluaciones económicas que evaluaran a la tecnología de interés.


Subject(s)
Humans , Pneumonia/therapy , Asthma/therapy , Croup/therapy , Foreign-Body Reaction/therapy , Bronchoscopes/supply & distribution , Peru , Technology Assessment, Biomedical , Cost-Benefit Analysis
2.
Ann Am Thorac Soc ; 12(4): 591-8, 2015 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25734613

ABSTRACT

There are unmet needs for respiratory medical care in developing countries. We sought to evaluate the quality and capacity for respiratory care in low- and lower-middle-income countries, using Nigeria as a case study. We obtained details of the respiratory practice of consultants and senior residents (fellows) in respiratory medicine in Nigeria via a semistructured questionnaire administered to physician attendees at the 2013 National Congress of the Nigerian Thoracic Society. Out of 76 society-registered members, 48 attended the congress, 40 completed the questionnaire, and 35 provided complete data (73% adjusted response rate). Respondents provided information on the process and costs of respiratory medicine training and facility, equipment, and supply capacities at the institutions they represented. Approximately 83% reported working at a tertiary level (teaching) hospital; 91% reported capacity for sputum smear analysis for acid alcohol-fast bacilli, 37% for GeneXpert test cartridges, and 20% for BACTEC liquid sputum culture. Only 34% of respondents could perform full spirometry on patients, and none had the capacity for performing a methacholine challenge test or for measuring the diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide. We estimated the proportion of registered respiratory physicians to the national population at 1 per 2.3 million individuals. Thirteen states with an estimated combined population of 57.7 million offer no specialist respiratory services. Barriers to development of this capacity include the high cost of training. We conclude that substantial gaps exist in the capacity and quality of respiratory care in Nigeria, a pattern that probably mirrors most of sub-Saharan Africa and other countries of similar economic status. Health policy makers should address these gaps systematically.


Subject(s)
Developing Countries , Education, Medical, Graduate/methods , Equipment and Supplies/supply & distribution , Health Services Needs and Demand , Pulmonary Medicine/statistics & numerical data , Bronchoscopes/economics , Bronchoscopes/supply & distribution , Bronchoscopy/statistics & numerical data , Cross-Sectional Studies , Education, Medical, Graduate/economics , Equipment and Supplies/economics , Faculty, Medical , Fellowships and Scholarships , Humans , Medical Staff, Hospital , Nigeria , Pulmonary Medicine/education , Pulmonary Medicine/instrumentation , Spirometry/economics , Spirometry/instrumentation , Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/diagnosis
3.
Gac. méd. Caracas ; 121(2): 122-131, abr.-jun. 2013. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-718919

ABSTRACT

El propósito del trabajo es describir el estado actual de la cirugía mínimamente invasiva (CMI) en Venezuela, con el fin último de incentivar políticas públicas dirigidas a dotar a los hospitales del país con el recurso humano e instrumental necesarios para el desarrollo de procedimientos diagnósticos y terapéuticos destinado a solucionar el problema que representa el cupo quirúrgico en la población de menores recursos económicos. La metodología de investigación está guiada por el paradigma positivista lógico, de enfoque empirico análitico, de raíz epistémica positivista, utilizando lenguaje cuantitativo. Desde el punto de vista heurístico la información procede del Ministerio del Poder Popular para la Salud, Sociedad Venezolana de Cirugía, círculos quirúrgicos, bibliografía nacional e internacional. El estudio de la investigación de campo y del marco teórico referencial nos permite contextualizar el tema y generar conclusiones, así como recomendaciones acordes con el fenómeno de estudio


The purpose of the study is to describe the minimally invasive surgery current state in Venezuela with the last end of motivate public policies toward provide the country's hospitals with the human resource and the necessary instrumental for the development of diagnostic and therapeutic procedures in order to solve the problem of the surgical needs in the population with low economic resources. The research methodology is guide by the logic positivist paradigm, with the empirical analytic focus and using quantitative language. From the heuristic point of view the data comes from the popular health agency. Venezuelan surgical society, surgical circles, national and international bibliograpy. The field research study permits to contextualize the theme and generate preliminary considerations and also recommendations in concordance with the phenomenon in study


Subject(s)
Humans , Arthroscopes/supply & distribution , Bronchoscopes/supply & distribution , Equipment and Supplies, Hospital/economics , Equipment and Supplies, Hospital , Laparoscopes/supply & distribution , Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures/methods , Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures/trends , Public Health/trends , Postoperative Period , Ambulatory Surgical Procedures/methods , Robotics/methods , Public Health/economics
4.
Intern Med J ; 31(8): 479-87, 2001 Nov.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11720062

ABSTRACT

Fibre-optic bronchoscopy in adults is a common procedure in clinical respiratory practice. Under controlled conditions it is safe, resulting in relatively few significant adverse events. The present position paper updates guidelines previously published by The Thoracic Society of Australia and New Zealand and is based on evidence obtained by searching the Medline and Embase databases. The level of evidence to support recommendations is indicated in the text. Where no evidence has been found, the guidelines reflect the opinions of the authors. Specific recommendations are made regarding sedation and anaesthesia, the cleaning of bronchoscopes and the training of bronchoscopists.


Subject(s)
Bronchoscopy/methods , Fiber Optic Technology , Adult , Anesthesia/methods , Australia , Bronchoscopes/supply & distribution , Clinical Competence , Conscious Sedation/methods , Humans , Infection Control/methods , Monitoring, Physiologic , Patient Selection
5.
Crit Care Clin ; 16(3): 445-51, vi, 2000 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10941583

ABSTRACT

Fiberoptic bronchoscopes (FOB) play a pivotal role in airway management in the operating room and critical care environments. This article examines the role of FOBs in modern airway management based on a review of recent literature and personal experience.


Subject(s)
Airway Obstruction/therapy , Bronchoscopy/methods , Critical Care/methods , Fiber Optic Technology/methods , Intubation, Intratracheal/methods , Bronchoscopes/supply & distribution , Bronchoscopy/adverse effects , Critical Illness , Fiber Optic Technology/instrumentation , Humans , Intubation, Intratracheal/adverse effects , Intubation, Intratracheal/instrumentation , Tracheostomy/instrumentation , Tracheostomy/methods
6.
Crit Care Clin ; 16(3): 453-62, 2000 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10941584

ABSTRACT

Patients who are difficult to intubate are randomly encountered. Patients who are in the postoperative period or who have suffered trauma have a greater chance of being difficult to intubate. The ability to quickly mobilize trained personnel and advanced equipment provides the best chance for a good outcome for these patients. Practice in placement of and intubation with LMAs is an important step toward providing an extensive safety net for patients needing intubation.


Subject(s)
Airway Obstruction/complications , Airway Obstruction/therapy , Bronchoscopy/methods , Fiber Optic Technology/methods , Intubation, Intratracheal/methods , Respiratory System Abnormalities/complications , Respiratory System/injuries , Anesthesia/methods , Bronchoscopes/supply & distribution , Bronchoscopy/adverse effects , Fiber Optic Technology/instrumentation , Humans , Intubation, Intratracheal/adverse effects , Intubation, Intratracheal/instrumentation , Safety
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