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3.
Int Arch Allergy Immunol ; 158(2): 142-50, 2012.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22286313

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: DNA vaccines encoding allergens have been developed to prevent or to treat specific IgE responses. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the potential preventive and therapeutic effect of DNA vaccines encoding Cyn d 1 alone or combined with different adjuvants on specific allergies. METHODS: Recombinant plasmid Cyn d 1 (pCyn d 1) was constructed by insertion of Cyn d 1 cDNA into the vector pcDNA3. BALB/c mice were injected with pCyn d 1 alone or plus adjuvants such as bupivacaine, bestatin, liposome, or CpG. Control mice were treated with pcDNA3 or PBS. They were boosted 3 weeks later and then sensitized twice with recombinant Cyn d 1 and alum. Their serum antibody responses and cytokine profiles of spleen cells were studied. Adoptive transfer of spleen cells of pCyn d 1-vaccinated mice was also performed. RESULTS: Vaccination of mice with pCyn d 1 induced Th1 responses characterized by IgG2a responses and spleen cell secretion of interferon-γ. Vaccination with pCyn d 1 not only prevented the induction of specific IgE responses but also suppressed ongoing IgE responses. The mice receiving untreated, CD4+- or CD8+-depleted spleen cells from pCyn d 1-vaccinated mice all had suppression of IgE responses. CONCLUSION: This study confirms the prophylactic and therapeutic effects of DNA vaccines encoding Bermuda grass pollen allergen Cyn d 1 on specific IgE responses. Both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells are crucial for the immunomodulatory effect of pCyn d 1 on specific IgE responses.


Subject(s)
Antigens, Plant/genetics , Antigens, Plant/immunology , Immunoglobulin E/biosynthesis , Immunoglobulin G/immunology , Vaccines, DNA/immunology , Adjuvants, Immunologic , Adoptive Transfer/methods , Animals , Bupivacaine/immunology , CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology , CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology , CpG Islands , Cytokines/biosynthesis , Cytokines/immunology , Female , Immunoglobulin G/biosynthesis , Leucine/analogs & derivatives , Leucine/immunology , Liposomes/immunology , Mice , Mice, Inbred BALB C , Plasmids/genetics , Rats , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Vaccination , Vaccines, DNA/administration & dosage
6.
Brain Behav Immun ; 21(5): 544-52, 2007 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17174527

ABSTRACT

Endogenous opioids released from leukocytes extravasating into injured tissue can interact with peripheral opioid receptors to inhibit nociception. Animal studies have shown that the homing of opioid-producing leukocytes to the injured site is modulated by spinal blockade of noxious input. This study investigated whether epidural analgesia (EDA) influences the migration of beta-endorphin (END) and/or met-enkephalin (ENK)-containing leukocytes into the subcutaneous wound tissue of patients undergoing abdominal surgery. In part I patients received general anesthesia combined either with intra- and postoperative EDA (with bupivacaine and fentanyl) or with postoperative patient controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA; with the opioid piritramide). In part II patients received general anesthesia combined with either epidural fentanyl or bupivacaine which was continued postoperatively. Samples of cutanous and subcutanous tissue were taken from the wound site at the beginning, at the end and at various times after surgery, and were examined by immunohistochemistry for the presence of END and ENK. We found that (i) epidural bupivacaine, fentanyl and PCIA provided similar and clinically acceptable postoperative pain relief; (ii) compared to PCIA, epidural bupivacaine or fentanyl did not change the gross inflammatory reaction within the surgical wound; (iii) opioid-containing leukocytes were almost absent in normal subcutaneous tissue but migrated to the inflamed wound tissue in ascending numbers within a few hours, reaching a peak at about 24 h after surgery; (iv) compared to PCIA, EDA resulted in significantly decreased homing of END-containing leukocytes to the injured site at 24 h after surgery; and (v) the magnitude of this decrease was similar regardless of the epidural medication. These findings suggest that nociceptive but not sympathetic neurons are primarily involved in the attraction of opioid-containing leukocytes during early stages of inflammation.


Subject(s)
Analgesics, Opioid/immunology , Cell Movement/drug effects , Enkephalin, Methionine/metabolism , Leukocytes/drug effects , Wound Healing/immunology , beta-Endorphin/metabolism , Adjuvants, Anesthesia/immunology , Adjuvants, Anesthesia/pharmacology , Aged , Analgesia, Patient-Controlled , Analgesics, Opioid/therapeutic use , Anesthesia, Epidural , Anesthetics, Local/immunology , Anesthetics, Local/therapeutic use , Bupivacaine/immunology , Bupivacaine/therapeutic use , Cell Movement/immunology , Enkephalin, Methionine/drug effects , Enkephalin, Methionine/immunology , Female , Fentanyl/immunology , Fentanyl/therapeutic use , Humans , Leukocytes/immunology , Leukocytes/metabolism , Longitudinal Studies , Male , Middle Aged , Nociceptors/drug effects , Nociceptors/immunology , Pain, Postoperative/immunology , Pain, Postoperative/prevention & control , Pirinitramide/therapeutic use , Subcutaneous Tissue/immunology , Sympathetic Fibers, Postganglionic/drug effects , Sympathetic Fibers, Postganglionic/immunology , Wound Healing/drug effects , beta-Endorphin/drug effects , beta-Endorphin/immunology
8.
Acta Anaesthesiol Scand ; 48(6): 738-49, 2004 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15196107

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Many studies have been carried out on the effects of anaesthetic drugs and methods on the immune response, but pain and its relief also affect the immune response. We measured systemic immune responses in the blood circulation and local responses in the surgical wound when non-steroidal anti-inflammatory analgesics (NSAIDs), opioids or epidural blockade was used in the peri-operative treatment of pain. METHODS: Responses were measured in 51 children, aged from 2 to 12 years and undergoing major surgery under balanced anaesthesia. Bolus doses of diclofenac intravenously (i.v.) and rectally (NSAID group), continuous i.v. infusion of oxycodone (opioid group) or continuous epidural infusion of bupivacaine + fentanyl (epidural group) were used peri-operatively for pain relief. RESULTS: The only difference related to the analgesic method was shorter duration of post-operative leucocytosis and lower phytohaemagglutinin (PHA)-induced lymphocyte proliferative responses in peripheral blood in the opioid group than in the NSAID or epidural groups. By contrast, time-related alterations were seen overall in leucocyte and differential counts, lymphocyte and their subset counts, lymphocyte proliferative responses, and in serum cortisol, C-reactive protein, plasma interleukin-6 and group II phospholipase A2 concentrations and in the appearance of different cell types in the wound. CONCLUSIONS: Post-operative pain treatments using diclofenac (NSAID), oxycodone (opioid) and epidural blockade have basically similar effects on systemic and local immune responses with only slight, probably clinically unimportant differences in children undergoing surgery under general anaesthesia.


Subject(s)
Analgesia, Epidural/methods , Analgesics, Opioid/therapeutic use , Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/therapeutic use , Immunity, Cellular/drug effects , Pain, Postoperative/drug therapy , Analgesics, Opioid/administration & dosage , Analgesics, Opioid/immunology , Analysis of Variance , Anesthetics, Local/administration & dosage , Anesthetics, Local/immunology , Anesthetics, Local/therapeutic use , Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/administration & dosage , Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/immunology , Bupivacaine/administration & dosage , Bupivacaine/immunology , Bupivacaine/therapeutic use , Child , Child, Preschool , Diclofenac/administration & dosage , Diclofenac/immunology , Diclofenac/therapeutic use , Female , Fentanyl/administration & dosage , Fentanyl/immunology , Fentanyl/therapeutic use , Finland , Humans , Immunity, Cellular/physiology , Leukocyte Count , Male , Oxycodone/administration & dosage , Oxycodone/immunology , Oxycodone/therapeutic use , Pain, Postoperative/immunology
9.
Arch. argent. alerg. inmunol. clín ; 23(3): 118-23, oct. 1992. ilus
Article in Spanish | BINACIS | ID: bin-25347

ABSTRACT

Estudiamos 153 pacientes que consultaron por necesitar aplicarse un anestésico local (AL) para intervenciones médico-quirúrgicas u odontológicas y que referían antecedentes de reacciones alérgicas a anestésicos locales y otros medicamentos. Dividimos a los pacientes en 4 grupos. Grupo 1 (n=20): antecedentes de reacciones alérgicas o pseudoalérgicas definidas a un anestésico local. Grupo 2 (n=2): antecedentes de reacciones alérgicas definidas a más de un anestésico local. Grupo 3 (n=48): antecedentes de reacciones dudosas a uno o más anestésicos locales. Grupo 4 (n=83): antecedentes de reacciones alérgicas o pseudoalérgicas a otros medicamentos. En todos los pacientes efectuamos a Prueba de Provocación Progresiva Controlada (PPPC). En el grupo 1 utilizamos un AL alternativo. En el grupo 2 utilizamos un AL sin conseravadores. En el grupo 3 y en grupo 4 utilizamos indistintamente el mismo AL o uno alternativo. En los 2 pacientes del grupo 2 efectuamos previamente a la PPPC el Test de Degranulación de Basófilos Humanos (RDBH) con anestésicos con y sin conservadores y con metilparabeno. A su vez afectuamos prick test, intradermorreacción y prueba del parche con metilparabeno. Los AL locales utilizados fueron: lidocaína, bupivacaína, carticaína y prilocaína. Los resultados fueron los siguientes: 150 pacientes toleraron el AL mediante la PPPC. Tres pacientes presentaron reacciones adversas. Dos pacientes, uno del grupo 3 y uno del grupo 4 presentaron reacciones alérgicas o pseudosalérgicas que cedieron con antihistamínicos y corticoides. Las pruebas cutáneas fueron negativas en ambos casos. En el paciente del grupo 4 efectuamos TDBH con lidocaína sin conservadores que fue positivo y TDBH con metilparabeno que fue negativo. Un paciente del grupo 3 presentó reacción tóxica por intolerancia a la lidocaína. Los 3 pacientes toleraron un anestésico local alternativo mediante la PPPC. En 2 pacientes demostramos que las reacciones adversas relatadas en los antecedentes se debieron a los parabenos, ya que el TDBH fue positivo para el metilparabeno y negativo para los anestésicos y los pacientes toleraron luego el AL sin conservadores. Las pruebas cutáneas con metilparabeno fueron negativas. En ningún caso observamos reacción cruzada entre AL del grupo amida. Concluímos lo siguiente: 1) La PPPC es un método seguro y efectivo para prevenir las reacciones alérgicas o pseudoalérgicas a AL. 2) Las pruebas cutáneas no tienen valor para el diasgnóstico y la prevención de estas


Subject(s)
Humans , Anesthetics, Local/adverse effects , Drug Hypersensitivity/diagnosis , Parabens/adverse effects , Basophil Degranulation Test/methods , Lidocaine/adverse effects , Bupivacaine/adverse effects , Bupivacaine/immunology , Carticaine/adverse effects , Carticaine/immunology , Prilocaine/adverse effects , Prilocaine/immunology , Drug Hypersensitivity/etiology , Anesthetics, Local/immunology
10.
Arch. argent. alerg. inmunol. clín ; 23(3): 118-23, oct. 1992. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-125919

ABSTRACT

Estudiamos 153 pacientes que consultaron por necesitar aplicarse un anestésico local (AL) para intervenciones médico-quirúrgicas u odontológicas y que referían antecedentes de reacciones alérgicas a anestésicos locales y otros medicamentos. Dividimos a los pacientes en 4 grupos. Grupo 1 (n=20): antecedentes de reacciones alérgicas o pseudoalérgicas definidas a un anestésico local. Grupo 2 (n=2): antecedentes de reacciones alérgicas definidas a más de un anestésico local. Grupo 3 (n=48): antecedentes de reacciones dudosas a uno o más anestésicos locales. Grupo 4 (n=83): antecedentes de reacciones alérgicas o pseudoalérgicas a otros medicamentos. En todos los pacientes efectuamos a Prueba de Provocación Progresiva Controlada (PPPC). En el grupo 1 utilizamos un AL alternativo. En el grupo 2 utilizamos un AL sin conseravadores. En el grupo 3 y en grupo 4 utilizamos indistintamente el mismo AL o uno alternativo. En los 2 pacientes del grupo 2 efectuamos previamente a la PPPC el Test de Degranulación de Basófilos Humanos (RDBH) con anestésicos con y sin conservadores y con metilparabeno. A su vez afectuamos prick test, intradermorreacción y prueba del parche con metilparabeno. Los AL locales utilizados fueron: lidocaína, bupivacaína, carticaína y prilocaína. Los resultados fueron los siguientes: 150 pacientes toleraron el AL mediante la PPPC. Tres pacientes presentaron reacciones adversas. Dos pacientes, uno del grupo 3 y uno del grupo 4 presentaron reacciones alérgicas o pseudosalérgicas que cedieron con antihistamínicos y corticoides. Las pruebas cutáneas fueron negativas en ambos casos. En el paciente del grupo 4 efectuamos TDBH con lidocaína sin conservadores que fue positivo y TDBH con metilparabeno que fue negativo. Un paciente del grupo 3 presentó reacción tóxica por intolerancia a la lidocaína. Los 3 pacientes toleraron un anestésico local alternativo mediante la PPPC. En 2 pacientes demostramos que las reacciones adversas relatadas en los antecedentes se debieron a los parabenos, ya que el TDBH fue positivo para el metilparabeno y negativo para los anestésicos y los pacientes toleraron luego el AL sin conservadores. Las pruebas cutáneas con metilparabeno fueron negativas. En ningún caso observamos reacción cruzada entre AL del grupo amida. Concluímos lo siguiente: 1) La PPPC es un método seguro y efectivo para prevenir las reacciones alérgicas o pseudoalérgicas a AL. 2) Las pruebas cutáneas no tienen valor para el diasgnóstico y la prevención de estas


Subject(s)
Humans , Anesthetics, Local/adverse effects , Drug Hypersensitivity/diagnosis , Anesthetics, Local/immunology , Bupivacaine/adverse effects , Bupivacaine/immunology , Carticaine/adverse effects , Carticaine/immunology , Drug Hypersensitivity/etiology , Lidocaine/adverse effects , Parabens/adverse effects , Prilocaine/adverse effects , Prilocaine/immunology , Basophil Degranulation Test/methods
11.
Anaesthesist ; 30(1): 19-20, 1981 Jan.
Article in German | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7008645

ABSTRACT

Using the Jerne-Plaque-Technique, as modified by Cunningham, the influence of the local anaesthetic bupivacaine (over-all dose 200 mg/kg weight) on the immunological secondary response of the mice was tested. Plasma cells producing IgM as well as those producing IgG could not be shown to be significantly susceptible to suppression by bupivacaine.


Subject(s)
Antibody Formation , Bupivacaine/immunology , Animals , Hemolytic Plaque Technique , Immunization, Secondary , Mice , Mice, Inbred BALB C
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