ABSTRACT
Hyperpolarization can be kept for times longer than T(1) if it is maintained in a singlet state, from which transitions are not allowed. Another, more direct, way to slower the relaxation process consists in the use of perdeuterated molecules. Here both methods have been applied and the hyperpolarization (induced by para-H(2)) decay rate has been measured at two different magnetic fields: earth field and zero field. While relaxation is very slow at earth field, it becomes faster at zero field: this rather unexpected finding has been explained on the basis of isotropic mixing between (1)H and (2)H.
Subject(s)
Deuterium/chemistry , Electromagnetic Fields , Hydrogen/chemistry , Algorithms , Butyrates/chemistry , Butyrates/radiation effects , Deuterium/radiation effects , Hydrogen/radiation effects , Hydrogenation , Kinetics , Linear Models , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , Models, ChemicalABSTRACT
The aim of this work has been to study the viability of ozone and/or UV in the treatment of cardboard industry effluents. Several model compounds have been chosen for the experiments: guaicol, eugenol, glucose, acetate and butyrate. Significant differences in the ozonisation rates are observed between phenolic products coming from lignin (eugenol and guaiacol) and aliphatic compounds. Reactions fit in all cases a pseudo-first order kinetics and are influenced by the pH of the solution. Real effluents have also been tested, and the COD decrease has been found to depend on the fatty acids/phenols ratio. Finally, respirometric studies have shown an increase in the BODst in effluents subjected to a mild oxidation, while under stronger conditions a BODst decrease is observed.
