ABSTRACT
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Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Aged , Adenocarcinoma/secondary , Giant Cells/pathology , Prostatic Neoplasms/pathology , Adenocarcinoma/surgery , Carcinoma, Giant Cell/diagnostic imaging , Carcinoma, Giant Cell/secondary , Prostatic Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Prostatic Neoplasms/surgery , Prostate-Specific Antigen , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinomas (PSCs) are rare tumors within the sarcomatoid carcinoma group. Giant cell carcinoma of the lung (GCCL) is a rare type of PSCs that consists entirely of highly pleomorphic tumor giant cells; the prognosis is poor. PATIENT CONCERNS: A patient presented with a single cyst and was diagnosed with GCCL. The patient was a 59-year-old male who was admitted to the hospital with a cough. A chest computerized tomography (CT) scan showed a single, thin-walled cyst containing air in the left upper lobe of the lung. Bronchoscopy revealed chronic bronchitis. The initial diagnosis was pulmonary infection and the patient was treated with antibiotics. The cyst wall increased in thickness, and the cyst eventually formed a cavity. DIAGNOSIS: Surgery was performed, and a diagnosis of GCCL was established. The stage was pT1bN1M0 (equal to stage IIB). INTERVENTIONS: The patient underwent video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery and 4 cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy consisting of cisplatin and docetaxel. After 9 months, the patient occurred mediastinal lymph node metastasis, and received radiotherapy (60Gy/30F). OUTCOMES: His prognosis was good without progression (complete response) based on serial CT scans over 9 months of follow-up evaluations, then the patient occurred mediastinal lymph node metastasis. The patient lived during 30 months of follow-up, after which he was lost to follow-up. CONCLUSION: A solitary pulmonary parenchymal cystic lesion usually suggests an infectious disease or congenital abnormality; however, a cystic lesion is occasionally encountered in GCCL.
Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Giant Cell/diagnosis , Carcinoma, Giant Cell/pathology , Lung Neoplasms/diagnosis , Lung Neoplasms/pathology , Bronchoscopy/methods , Carcinoma, Giant Cell/diagnostic imaging , Carcinoma, Giant Cell/therapy , Chemotherapy, Adjuvant , Cysts/diagnostic imaging , Diagnosis, Differential , Humans , Lung Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Lung Neoplasms/therapy , Male , Middle Aged , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedABSTRACT
Primary patellar neoplasms are rare, comprising 0.12% of primary bone tumours; thus, no standardised treatment related to staging exists. 70%-90% of primary patellar neoplasms are benign or intermediate with giant cell tumour (GCT) being the most common. GCTs are locally aggressive, have a high recurrence rate and metastasise in 1%-2%. We report the case of a 23-year-old man with histologically confirmed recurrent GCT of the patella to demonstrate that aggressive surgical management options described in the literature, such as patellectomy with or without complex reconstruction, may be excessive and cause patients undue morbidity. Initially, the patient underwent intralesional curettage with excellent recovery, but presented again with a local recurrence within a year. A further definitive operation was performed which included excision of the inferior pole followed by curettage of the patellar body and artificial bone grafting. The patient made a good recovery and at 5-year follow-up has maintained good function.
Subject(s)
Bone Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Carcinoma, Giant Cell/diagnostic imaging , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/diagnostic imaging , Patella/diagnostic imaging , Bone Neoplasms/surgery , Bone Transplantation/methods , Carcinoma, Giant Cell/surgery , Curettage/methods , Humans , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Male , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/surgery , Patella/surgery , Radiography , Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods , Treatment Outcome , Young AdultABSTRACT
Undifferentiated carcinoma with osteoclast-like giant cells of the pancreas (UCOGCP) is a rare nonendocrine pancreatic tumor. We present a case of a very small UCOGCP. F-FDG PET/CT revealed a solid mass measuring 1.0 × 0.8 cm on CT images with an SUVmax of 5.0 in the body of the pancreas. CT revealed a solid mass with significant enhancement. The histopathologic and immunohistochemical studies confirmed the diagnosis. Our findings indicate F-FDG PET/CT is a useful imaging modality for UCOGCP diagnosis.
Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Giant Cell/diagnostic imaging , Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 , Osteoclasts/pathology , Pancreatic Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography , Humans , Pancreatic NeoplasmsSubject(s)
Carcinoma, Giant Cell/diagnostic imaging , Urinary Bladder Calculi/diagnostic imaging , Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Carcinoma, Giant Cell/pathology , Carcinoma, Giant Cell/surgery , Diagnosis, Differential , Female , Humans , Incidental Findings , Middle Aged , Neoplasm Invasiveness , Osteoclasts/pathology , Radiography , Urinary Bladder Calculi/surgery , Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/pathology , Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/surgeryABSTRACT
STUDY DESIGN: A case report. OBJECTIVE: To report a case of the lumbar giant cell tumor (GCT) utilizing a new clinical treatment modality (denosumab therapy), which showed a massive tumor reduction combined with the L4 spondylectomy. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: There are some controversies about spinal GCT treatments. Denosumab has provided good clinical results in terms of tumor shrinkage, and local control in a short-time follow-up clinical study phase 2, although for spinal lesions, it has not been described. Nonetheless, "en bloc" spondylectomy has been accepted as being the best treatments modalities in terms of oncological control. METHODS: A case study with follow-up examination and series radiological assessments 6 months after therapy started, followed by a complex spine surgery. RESULTS: The denosumab therapy showed on the lumbar computed tomography scans follow-up 6 months later, a marked tumor regression around 90% associated to vertebral body calcification, facilitating a successful L4 spondylectomy with an anterior and posterior reconstruction. The patient recovered without neurological deficits. CONCLUSION: A new therapeutic modality for spinal GCT is available and showing striking clinical results; however, it is necessary for well-designed studies to answer the real role of denosumab therapy avoiding or facilitating complex spine surgeries as spondylectomies for spinal GCT. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 5.
Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Giant Cell/drug therapy , Carcinoma, Giant Cell/surgery , Denosumab/administration & dosage , Spinal Neoplasms/drug therapy , Spinal Neoplasms/surgery , Adult , Carcinoma, Giant Cell/diagnostic imaging , Combined Modality Therapy/methods , Humans , Lumbar Vertebrae/diagnostic imaging , Lumbar Vertebrae/surgery , Male , Spinal Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Brown tumor is one of the skeletal manifestations of hyperparathyroidism. It is a benign but locally aggressive bone lesion and its differential diagnosis with giant cell containing skeletal tumors or metastases may be complicated. We present a male patient with chronic renal failure who was initially misdiagnosed as having a giant-cell rich neoplasm of bone in his right thumb. Diffusely increased fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose ((18)F-FDG) uptake in the axial and appendicular skeleton and multiple (18)F-FDG avid lytic lesions suggesting multiple metastases were observed on the (18)F-FDG positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) scan. On the usual technetium-99m methylene diphosphonate ((99m)Tc-MDP) bone scan we noticed diffusely increased uptake in the skeleton and two focuses with very much increased uptake, which suggested a metabolic bone disease rather than a multiple metastatic giant cell tumor or bone metastases. Additional investigation documentated increased levels of parathyroid hormone. Parathyroid hyperplasia was finally diagnosed with (99m)Tc-methoxyisobutylisonitrile (MIBI) parathyroid scintigraphy. Fluorine-18-FDG avid lytic lesions were attributed to hyerparathyroidism associated brown tumors instead of multiple metastases. In conclusion, we present a patient with chronic renal insufficiency, who suffered from secondary and later from tertiary HPT with polyostotic brown tumors, which were best shown by the (18)F-FDG PET/CT than by the (99m)Tc-MDP or the (99m)Tc-MIBI scans.
Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Giant Cell/diagnostic imaging , Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 , Hyperparathyroidism/diagnostic imaging , Parathyroid Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Technetium Tc 99m Medronate , Technetium Tc 99m Sestamibi , Carcinoma, Giant Cell/complications , Diagnosis, Differential , Humans , Hyperparathyroidism/etiology , Male , Middle Aged , Multimodal Imaging/methods , Parathyroid Neoplasms/complications , Positron-Emission Tomography/methods , Radiopharmaceuticals , Reproducibility of Results , Sensitivity and Specificity , Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methodsABSTRACT
Pulmonary giant cell carcinoma is a rare subtype of sarcomatoid carcinoma. Pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) is a rare condition in which gelatinous material accumulates within the peritoneal cavity. It is believed PMP arises from a primary appendiceal mucinous neoplasm that perforates the gut, causing mucinous ascites. There are sporadic reports of PMP associated with neoplasms of other organs, rarely the lung. Here, we report on a 60-year-old woman with pulmonary giant cell carcinoma associated with PMP. She presented with progressive dyspnea and abdominal distention. Abdominal computed tomography revealed moderately dense ascites without an obvious mass. Chest computed tomography revealed a large, solitary right lower-lobe lung mass. She underwent transbronchial fine-needle aspiration of the mass, and was diagnosed with pulmonary giant cell carcinoma. The ascites showed scattered malignant cells in a background of mucin, confirming PMP. To our knowledge, this is the first report of pulmonary giant cell carcinoma associated with PMP.
Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Giant Cell/secondary , Lung Neoplasms/pathology , Lung/pathology , Peritoneal Neoplasms/secondary , Pseudomyxoma Peritonei/pathology , Ascites/diagnostic imaging , Biopsy, Fine-Needle , Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid/cytology , Bronchoscopy , Carcinoma, Giant Cell/diagnostic imaging , Dyspnea , Female , Humans , Immunohistochemistry , Lung Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Middle Aged , Paracentesis/methods , Peritoneal Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Peritoneal Neoplasms/pathology , Pseudomyxoma Peritonei/diagnostic imaging , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedABSTRACT
Giant cell carcinoma of the lung is a very rare primary malignant tumour and localised right upper-lobe pulmonary oedema is also unusual. We report a case of giant cell carcinoma, which invaded the left atrium through the left pulmonary vein and caused localised right upper-lobe pulmonary oedema.
Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Giant Cell/diagnostic imaging , Lung Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Mitral Valve/diagnostic imaging , Pulmonary Edema/diagnostic imaging , Carcinoma, Giant Cell/pathology , Cough/etiology , Fatal Outcome , Hemoptysis/etiology , Humans , Lung Neoplasms/pathology , Male , Middle Aged , Mitral Valve/pathology , Neoplasm Invasiveness , Pulmonary Edema/etiology , Pulmonary Veins/diagnostic imaging , Pulmonary Veins/pathology , RadiographyABSTRACT
Giant cell tumor (GCT) of bone arising from a phalanx of a finger is extremely rare. We report two cases of GCT arising from a phalanx of a finger. One case presented with recurrence following the amputation of the left ring finger (performed elsewhere). He was treated successfully with ray amputation. The other case was treated primarily by intralesional curettage and autogenous bone graft. At their most recent follow-ups (80 and 24 months, respectively), both were recurrence free and had returned to their previous occupational and recreational activities.
Subject(s)
Bone Neoplasms/pathology , Bone Neoplasms/surgery , Carcinoma, Giant Cell/pathology , Carcinoma, Giant Cell/surgery , Finger Phalanges/pathology , Finger Phalanges/surgery , Adult , Amputation, Surgical , Bone Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Carcinoma, Giant Cell/diagnostic imaging , Female , Finger Phalanges/diagnostic imaging , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , RadiographyABSTRACT
A 58-year-old man who complained of an abdominal tumor was admitted to our hospital. Abdominal CT scan showed that a 15-cm tumor occupied the entire right upper abdomen and that there were ascites and liver metastases. A liver biopsy was performed. The liver biopsy showed a small cell carcinoma pattern, but no definitive origin of the tumor was determined. Considering the extensive peritoneal invasion and multiple liver metastases, he received 2 / courses of cisplatin/etoposide chemotherapy, but his tumor became larger with concomitant abdominal pain and nausea. The patient suddenly died due to multiple organ failure caused by tumor necrosis. The autopsy revealed a pathological diagnosis of primary small cell carcinoma of the pancreas.
Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Giant Cell/pathology , Carcinoma, Small Cell/pathology , Pancreatic Neoplasms/pathology , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use , Autopsy , Carcinoma, Giant Cell/diagnostic imaging , Carcinoma, Giant Cell/drug therapy , Carcinoma, Small Cell/diagnostic imaging , Carcinoma, Small Cell/drug therapy , Fatal Outcome , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Neoplasm Metastasis/diagnostic imaging , Neoplasm Metastasis/pathology , Pancreatic Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Pancreatic Neoplasms/drug therapy , RadiographyABSTRACT
Brown tumors are rare but serious complications of renal osteodystrophy, and can be treated by parathyroidectomy or by pharmacological treatment of hyperparathyroidism. In addition to parathyroid lesions such as adenoma, hyperplasia, and carcinoma, brown tumors have been detected effectively by using dual phase Tc-99m sestamibi and Tl-201 chloride. We describe an unusual case of brown tumor at the manibrium sterni which shows marked increased Tc-99m sestamibi uptake on the initial scan, with decreasing tracer activity on follow-up scan indicating a response to antimetabolic therapy.
Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Giant Cell/diagnostic imaging , Hyperparathyroidism, Secondary/drug therapy , Mediastinal Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Technetium Tc 99m Sestamibi , Vitamin D/administration & dosage , Adult , Carcinoma, Giant Cell/metabolism , Female , Humans , Hyperparathyroidism, Secondary/complications , Hyperparathyroidism, Secondary/metabolism , Mediastinal Neoplasms/metabolism , Metabolic Clearance Rate/drug effects , Radionuclide Imaging , Radiopharmaceuticals/pharmacokinetics , Sternum/diagnostic imaging , Sternum/metabolism , Technetium Tc 99m Sestamibi/pharmacokineticsABSTRACT
We reviewed nine patients at a mean period of 11 years (6 to 16) after curettage and cementing of a giant-cell tumour around the knee to determine if there were any long-term adverse effects on the cartilage. Plain radiography, MRI, delayed gadolinium-enhanced MRI of the cartilage and measurement of the serum level of cartilage oligomeric matrix protein were carried out. The functional outcome was evaluated using the Lysholm knee score. Each patient was physically active and had returned to their previous occupation. Most participated in recreational sports or exercise. The mean Lysholm knee score was 92 (83 to 100). Only one patient was found to have cartilage damage adjacent to the cement. This patient had a history of intra-articular fracture and local recurrence, leading to degenerative changes. Interpretation of the data obtained from delayed gadolinium-enhanced MRI of the cartilage was difficult, with variation in the T1 values which did not correlate with the clinical or radiological findings. We did not find it helpful in the early diagnosis of degeneration of cartilage. We also found no obvious correlation between the serum cartilage oligomeric matrix protein level and the radiological and MR findings, function, time after surgery and the age of the patient. In summary, we found no evidence that the long-term presence of cement close to the knee joint was associated with the development of degenerative osteoarthritis.
Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Giant Cell/surgery , Curettage/methods , Knee Joint/surgery , Adolescent , Adult , Carcinoma, Giant Cell/diagnostic imaging , Cartilage Oligomeric Matrix Protein , Cartilage, Articular/diagnostic imaging , Cartilage, Articular/pathology , Cementation/methods , Extracellular Matrix Proteins/blood , Female , Glycoproteins/blood , Humans , Knee Joint/diagnostic imaging , Knee Joint/pathology , Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods , Male , Matrilin Proteins , Radiography , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Tumours of the salivary glands represent a 5% of all head and neck neoplasms. Their origin is the parotid gland in about 80% of the cases. Most of them are benign. We are reporting two cases of patients diagnosed, by our ENT Department, as undifferentiated giant cells parotid carcinoma with cervical metastasis. They were operated by total parotidectomy and radical neck disection and later recieved treatment with radiotherapy. After two years-follow-up both patients are standing alive. The tumoral size is the most important pronostic factor in this histological type.
Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Giant Cell/diagnostic imaging , Carcinoma, Giant Cell/pathology , Parotid Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Parotid Neoplasms/pathology , Aged , Carcinoma, Giant Cell/surgery , Humans , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Male , Middle Aged , Parotid Neoplasms/surgery , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedSubject(s)
Carcinoma, Giant Cell/pathology , Pancreatic Ducts , Pancreatic Neoplasms/pathology , Portal Vein , Carcinoma, Giant Cell/diagnostic imaging , Carcinoma, Giant Cell/surgery , Endosonography , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Neoplasm Invasiveness , Pancreatic Ducts/diagnostic imaging , Pancreatic Ducts/pathology , Pancreatic Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Pancreatic Neoplasms/surgery , Portal Vein/diagnostic imaging , Portal Vein/pathology , Ultrasonography, InterventionalABSTRACT
Osteoclastoid (osteoclast-like) giant cell carcinoma of the pancreas is an infrequent entity. There has long been discussion concerning its epithelial or mesenchymal origin. Whether its prognosis is better than that of other exocrine tumours of the pancreas has not yet been established. We present a case of this rare entity. The patient has remained disease-free now for 30 months.
Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Giant Cell/pathology , Pancreatic Neoplasms/pathology , Aged , Carcinoma, Giant Cell/diagnostic imaging , Carcinoma, Giant Cell/therapy , Female , Humans , Osteoclasts/cytology , Pancreatic Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Pancreatic Neoplasms/therapy , Radiography , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Pleomorphic (spindle/giant cell) carcinoma (PC) is one subset of large cell carcinoma. It is well known that PC patients have a poor survival rate. This report describes a 68-year-old man with PC. The patient's tumor had a massive pleural effusion. A left lower lobectomy and partial resection of the left diaphragm, peritoneum, and parietal pleura were performed to remove the tumor. Numerous asbestos particles were found in the left lower lobe. This is the first reported case of PC which may have been caused by asbestos particles. Further investigation is needed into whether asbestos exposure causes PC.
Subject(s)
Asbestos , Carcinoma, Giant Cell/pathology , Carcinoma, Large Cell/pathology , Lung Neoplasms/pathology , Lung/pathology , Pleural Effusion, Malignant/complications , Aged , Asbestos/adverse effects , Carcinoma, Giant Cell/complications , Carcinoma, Giant Cell/diagnostic imaging , Carcinoma, Giant Cell/etiology , Carcinoma, Large Cell/complications , Carcinoma, Large Cell/diagnostic imaging , Carcinoma, Large Cell/etiology , Humans , Lung/diagnostic imaging , Lung Neoplasms/complications , Lung Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Lung Neoplasms/etiology , Male , Pleural Effusion, Malignant/diagnostic imaging , RadiographyABSTRACT
We present a 72-yr-old woman who underwent surgical resection of a large pancreatic tumor. On preoperative imaging, an intratumoral cavity containing necrotic tissue was noted, mimicking the appearance of a cystic tumor. There was no invasion of adjacent organs nor distant metastasis, and histopathologic examination revealed the tumor to be a giant cell carcinoma. Postoperatively, the patient has been followed for 1.5 yr without evidence of recurrence. Giant cell carcinoma generally is associated with a poor prognosis, and patients usually die within months despite intensive multimodality therapy. Some patients with giant cell carcinomas, however, achieve long-term survival when invasion of adjacent organs and distant metastases are absent. Surgical resection is the appropriate treatment for tumors with these favorable characteristics.