Psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the self-report Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire-4+ (PDQ-4+) in psychiatric outpatients / Propiedades psicométricas de la versión española del autoinforme Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire -4+ (PDQ-4+) en pacientes psiquiátricos ambulatorios

We examined the psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the self-report Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire-4+ (PDQ-4+) in a sample of 437 psychiatric outpatients. Psychometric properties were assessed through internal consistency analysis, exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and concurrent validity. Results indicate that the Spanish version of the PDQ-4+ has moderate internal consistency, which was acceptable for 7 of the 12 self-report scales. The factor structure roughly replicated the DSM-IV clusters. The presence of Personality Disorders was associated with the character dimensions of the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) (AU)

Este estudio examina las propiedades psicométricas de la versión española del autoinforme Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire-4+ (PDQ-4+) en una muestra de 437 pacientes psiquiátricos ambulatorios. Se han evaluado sus propiedades psicométricas mediante análisis de consistencia interna, análisis factorial exploratorio (AFE) y validez concurrente. Los resultados indican que la versión española del PDQ-4+ tiene una consistencia interna moderada, siendo aceptable para 7 de las 12 escalas autorreportadas. La estructura factorial replica aproximadamente los clusters del DSM-IV. La presencia de Trastornos de Personalidad está asociada a las dimensiones de carácter del Inventario de Temperamento y Carácter (TCI) (AU)

Los Big Five y el efecto moderador de la resistencia en el agotamiento emocional / Big Five factors and resiliency moderator effect on emotional exhaustion

El objetivo del presente estudio es analizar las relaciones entre los Big Five y la resistencia con el agotamiento emocional en una muestra multiocupacional. La muestra está compuesta por 311 trabajadores de diferentes sectores, aunque predominan los pertenecientes al sector servicios. Se les aplicaron los cuestionarios MBI, BFI y CD-RISC, mediante un diseño transversal. Tal como esperábamos por estudios anteriores hemos encontrado asociaciones significativas entre las variables seleccionadas. Mediante regresión múltiple obtuvimos la capacidad predictiva de los factores de personalidad Neuroticismo, Conciencia y Resistencia. Asimismo, en nuestro estudio hemos encontrado que la resistencia actúa como moderador entre la personalidad y el agotamiento emocional, ya que la resistencia presenta interacción con el factor de personalidad Conciencia. De esta manera, se pone de manifiesto la importancia de los factores de personalidad en la dimensión fundamental del burnout, el agotamiento emocional; así como de la resistencia,una variable poco estudiada que se presenta prometedora en el contexto laboral. La relevancia de tales asociaciones se incrementa al ser escasos los estudios que han abordado esta problemática (AU)

The aim of this study is to analyze the relationship between personality (Big Five) and resilience, with emotional exhaustion in a diverse sample. The sample is 311 workers from different sectors,but predominantly within the service sector. We use MBI, BFI and CD-RISC, as instruments in across-sectional design study. As expected by previous studies, we have found significant associations between selected variables. Moreover, we found that resilience acted as a moderator variable between personality and emotional exhaustion, as results has shown a significant interaction between Resilience and Conscientiousness. By multiple regression analysis, we obtained the predictive capability of the personality factor Neuroticism, Resilience, and the product of Conscientiousness and Resilience. Consequently, it highlights the importance of personality in the core dimension of burnout, emotional exhaustion. Further, resilience is a promising variable to be considered in organizational and employment studies. This is relevance as few studies have addressed this problem (AU)

Characteristics of the dimensions and sub-dimensions of young basketball players´ personalities

The aim of the present work is to assess the personality traits of young basketball players aged 16-18 years (n=186)through the description of the dimensions and sub-dimension from the Big Five Questionnaire (BFQ) regarding personality.This was a non-experimental study in which a descriptive transversal design was used. The results that were obtained indicate theplayers in the selected sample are characterized as people who are: a) moderately dynamic, extraverted and dominant; b)moderately altruistic, understanding and tolerant; c) moderately responsible, orderly, and diligent; d) moderately balanced, calm,patient, and able to manage their emotions moderately well; and e) rather uncreative, unimaginative, and not well informed(AU)

Locus de control y vulnerabilidad a la lesión de fútbol semiprofesional y profesional / Locus of control and vulnerability to the injury in semi-professional and profesional football

El objetivo del presente trabajo es analizar la relación entre el locus de control y la vulnerabilidad del futbolista a la lesión. La muestra del estudio está formada por 209 futbolistas semiprofesionales y profesionales. Se lleva a cabo una evaluación sobre el locus de control a través de la Escala de Locus de Control de Rotter (1966), adaptada por Pérez (1984). Además se lleva a cabo un registro de las lesiones durante una temporada en cuanto al número y gravedad de estas, así como la presencia de lesiones en la temporada anterior. Los resultados indican una ligera tendencia a menor vulnerabilidad en los sujetos con Locus de Control más interno (AU)

The aim of this study is to analyze the relation between the control locus and the vulnerability of the football player to injuries. The sample of this study consists of 209 professional and through the Rotter Control Locus Scale (1966), adapted by Perez (1984). Moreover, we have registered the number and the seriousness of injuries observed in a season as well as those occurred in the previous season. Our results point towards a light trend to diminished vulnerability in players with control locus more internal (AU)

Cambios cognitivos en respuesta a la medicación antipsicótica: problemas de diseño e interpretación / Cognitive changes in response to antipsychotic medication: design and interpretation problems

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Motivación para el cambio como predictor de la adherencia terapéutica en el dolor crónico / change motivation as a predictor of therapeutic adherence in chronic pain

Los tratamientos psicológicos que enfatizan la autogestión han resultado comúnmenteapropiados como alternativas a la intervención médica en el dolor crónico.Desafortunadamente esta aproximación a menudo falla en comprometer a una porción significativa de individuos hacia los tratamientos y considerables índices de abandono y recaída. El objetivo de este estudio fue comprobar la validez predictiva del modelo de estadíos de cambio en el dolor crónico a través del Pain States of Change Questionnaire (PSOCQ) sobre la adherencia y los resultados terapéuticos. La muestra se compuso de 48 pacientes de dolor crónico, concretamente con diagnóstico de fibromialgia, reclutados en una unidad de dolor de un hospital público de Sevilla. La mitad de ellos siguió una intervención cognitivo-conductual, y la otra mitad un programade autogestión guiado por pacientes entrenados. Los resultados avalan la capacidad predictiva del PSOCQ, en tanto en cuanto: a) se constató una probabilidad estadísticamente significativa de no completar el tratamiento cuanto menor fue la motivación para el cambio; b) la motivación para el cambio de los pacientes que completaron el tratamiento se incrementó de forma estadísticamente significativa; y, c) una menor motivación para el cambio tras el tratamiento se asoció a una mayor gravedad del trastorno. La discusión se centra en el interés de manejar la motivación para el cambio para mejorar la eficiencia terapéutica

Psychological treatments that emphasize the automanagement have turned out to be commonly adapted like a alternative to the medical intervention in the chronic pain. Unfortunatelly this approximation often fails in compromising to a significant portion of individuals towards the treatment and many abandons and relapses. The aim of this study was to verify the predictive validity of States of Change Model in chronic pain usingthe Pain States of Change Questionnaire (PSOCQ) to predict adherence and therapeutic results. The sample consisted of 48 patients of chronic pain –fybromialgia. Recruited in a public pain clinic of Seville (Spain). The half of them followed a cognitive –behavioural intervention, and another half a program of automanagement guided by expert patients. The results support the predictive validity of the PSOCQ, while in all that: a) patients with less change motivation had less probability of completing the treatment; b) change motivation increased as effect of the treatment; and, c) a less change motivation was associated to more gravity of the disorder. The discussion centres on the interest of considering change motivation to improve therapeutic efficiency (AU)

Do tinted spectacle lens wearers have a different personality?

The wearing of tinted spectacle lenses is considered by some health care workers to be a marker of psychopathology or a hypochondriacal personality type. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is a relationship between the wearing of tinted spectacle lenses and personality type in physically healthy subjects. The Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire 5th Edition, a multidimensional standardized self-report inventory, was used to determine the personality type of 98 participants. Twenty currently wore tinted spectacle lenses for reasons other than ocular disease, sun protection, outdoor or indoor glare reduction, pattern sensitive epilepsy, migraines, reading difficulties or fashion. The remainder did not wear tinted spectacle lenses for any purpose other than sun protection. Tinted lens wear and no tinted lens wear groups were age and gender matched. There was no statistically significant difference in five global personality factors between the no-tint and tint groups: extraversion (p = 0.31), anxiety (p = 0.75), tough-mindedness (p = 0.96), independence (p = 0.63), and self-control (p = 0.87). This suggests that the use of tinted lenses by physically healthy people is unlikely to be an indicator of personality type.

Personality comparison of airline pilot incumbents, applicants, and the general population norms on the 16PF.

Personality comparisons using Cattell's 16PF were made between 137 pilot incumbents, 81 pilot applicants, and the general population norms. No significant differences were found between the scores on the personality factors for the Pilot Incumbents and the Pilot Applicants. Further, the incumbents and applicants who had previous military training versus those who did not had highly similar personalities. However, on nearly every personality factor a significant difference was found between the general population norms and the sample of Pilot Incumbents and Applicants. The Pilot Incumbent/Applicant group scored significantly more intelligent, emotionally stable, and mature in comparison to the general population norms. We believe that it is the high-risk nature of this occupation that leads applicants, wishing to pursue this field, to assess very carefully their own person-job fit and self-select themselves, thus ultimately producing this very distinct "pilot personality profile" described in 1995 by Bartram.

[The personality of children with repeated nose injuries]. / Cechy osobowosci u dzieci z powtarzajacymi sie urazami nosa.

Clinical observations of children hospitalised due to head injuries made us try to define some features of personality characteristic for this group of children. The examinations of 63 children aged 8-12 were carried out with R.B. Porter and R.B. Cattell test: What do you like doing? and What do you like to think about?. This method facilitates selection of 14 personality traits. The results proved that personalities tested in the group included the following dominating characteristics: aggressiveness, great excitability, and IQ exceeding average.

Cattell 16 personality profiles of patients following closed-head injuries.

The personality scores from Cattell's 16 PF for 188 patients who had been referred for neuropsychological assessment following motor vehicle incidents were analyzed as a function of the severity of neuropsychological impairment (Halstead-Reitan Index) and time since the injury. Patients who were impaired (Index > 0.4) exhibited lower scores on Factor B (moe concrete thinking), Factor E (more submissive), and Factor F (more cautious) than patients who were not impaired. The presence of impairment accommodated only 10% of the variance in Factor E scores, associated with the largest group difference. There were no significant differences between scores on any of the personality factors, verbal intelligence, or standardized reading ability as a function of time since the injury.

[Personality of healthy volunteers. Normality and paradox]. / La personnalité du volontaire sain. Normalité et paradoxe.

The personality characteristics of 62 subjects to be screened for eligibility in psychopharmacology studies have been assessed. The psychological screening comprised the Cattell anxiety scale (CAS), the Eysenck Personality inventory (EPI) and the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) in its complete version (550 items). The comparison of the results to a population matched for age and status showed that the anxiety level was not different, extraversion factor was higher (p less than 0.001) and various personality traits were different. The most striking differences were observed on the factors: Psychopathic deviation, Mania, Schizophrenia greater than controls and social introversion lower than controls. These differences may evoke several biases, such as a recruitment bias or a specific personality pattern of young healthy subjects. In order to discuss these hypothesis, further comparisons with other centers are required to conclude.

An alternative "description of personality": the big-five factor structure.

In the 45 years since Cattell used English trait terms to begin the formulation of his "description of personality," a number of investigators have proposed an alternative structure based on 5 orthogonal factors. The generality of this 5-factor model is here demonstrated across unusually comprehensive sets of trait terms. In the first of 3 studies, 1,431 trait adjectives grouped into 75 clusters were analyzed; virtually identical structures emerged in 10 replications, each based on a different factor-analytic procedure. A 2nd study of 479 common terms grouped into 133 synonym clusters revealed the same structure in 2 samples of self-ratings and in 2 samples of peer ratings. None of the factors beyond the 5th generalized across the samples. In the 3rd study, analyses of 100 clusters derived from 339 trait terms suggest their potential utility as Big-Five markers in future studies.