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1.
Acta Vet Hung ; 68(1): 95-104, 2020 03.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32384064

ABSTRACT

In this study we described two different indications of ventriculo- and cystoperitoneal shunting (VPS, CPS) procedures in six dogs, including their clinical data and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations. One dog had moderate and two dogs had severe congenital hydrocephalus, one was presented with intracranial pressure elevation due to meningoencephalitis of unknown origin (MUO) associated with congenital hydrocephalus, and two with quadrigeminal cysts (QC). VPS procedures were done in four and CPS in two dogs, using low-pressure valve systems. The follow-up period ranged from 1 to 6 months and control MRI scans were also made. Significant improvement was detected in five cases during the short-term follow-up period (1 month) and in four cases in the medium-term follow-up (2-6 months). Major complications were found in two cases: one dog with acute-hypertensive hydrocephalus died one week after surgery, and in another case development of a chronic subdural haematoma and hygroma caused death 3 months after the surgery. Minor complications (e.g. subdural hygroma) were found in two cases. In cases of severe hydrocephalus or intracranial cysts, higher-pressure valve systems are recommended in order to prevent subdural hygroma. Transient postoperative clinical signs usually resolve within one week after the surgery.


Subject(s)
Arachnoid Cysts/veterinary , Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunts/veterinary , Dog Diseases/surgery , Hydrocephalus/veterinary , Postoperative Complications/veterinary , Animals , Arachnoid Cysts/surgery , Dogs , Female , Hydrocephalus/surgery , Male , Postoperative Complications/etiology , Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt/veterinary
2.
Vet Surg ; 46(2): 289-296, 2017 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28146294

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To describe a novel technique for ameliorating cerebrospinal fluid flow obstruction secondary to pia-arachnoid fibrosis in dogs and report outcome. STUDY DESIGN: Descriptive report and retrospective case series. ANIMALS: Dogs with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow obstruction (n = 7). METHODS: Medical records were searched for dogs that had a subarachnoid-subarachnoid shunt placed for treatment of CSF flow obstruction. Data collected included age, sex, breed, clinical signs and duration of signs prior to examination, neurologic status and localization prior to surgery, pre-surgical diagnostics, surgical technique, histopathology, postoperative neurologic examination, time to discharge from hospital, and outcome. RESULTS: All dogs were diagnosed at surgery with a fibrotic adhesion between the arachnoid and pia mater. A subarachnoid shunting tube was implanted to allow CSF flow across the lesion site. Five dogs showed improvement of clinical signs, 3 of which showed complete recovery and 2 of which showed improvement without resolution of all clinical signs. Two dogs showed no change at 7 and 24 months postoperatively. CONCLUSION: Bridging a region of pia-arachnoid fibrosis with a tube placed in the subarachnoid space can ameliorate or prevent progression of associated clinical signs.


Subject(s)
Arachnoiditis/veterinary , Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunts/veterinary , Dog Diseases/surgery , Spinal Cord Diseases/veterinary , Subarachnoid Space/pathology , Animals , Arachnoiditis/surgery , Dogs , Female , Fibrosis/surgery , Fibrosis/veterinary , Male , Medical Records , Retrospective Studies , Spinal Cord Diseases/surgery , Treatment Outcome
3.
J Small Anim Pract ; 53(4): 205-12, 2012 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22417093

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate retrospectively the efficacy of syringosubarachnoid shunt for the management of syringohydromyelia/syringomyelia. METHODS: Eleven dogs diagnosed with syringohydromyelia/syringomyelia by magnetic resonance imaging associated with Chiari-like malformation underwent placement of a syringosubarachnoid shunt at the cervical (nine dogs) or lumbar (two dogs) spinal cord. In one dog, a suboccipital decompression (foramen magnum decompression) was performed 4 months before inserting a syringosubarachnoid shunt. All dogs were evaluated neurologically a few hours after surgery, 2 weeks and 6 months postoperatively. Retrospectively, cases were assigned a preoperative and postoperative pain score. RESULTS: There were no intra- or peri-operative complications. One dog (9%) was euthanased 5 weeks after surgery. Progressive neurological improvement was observed in nine dogs (81·8%) 2 weeks and 6 months postoperatively. No clinical improvement was seen in another dog (9%). One dog (9%) had replacement of the syringosubarachnoid shunt. Seven dogs (63·6%) were still alive 1 to 4 years (mean, 2·6 years) after surgery. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Placement of a syringosubarachnoid shunt in the presence of a sufficiently large syrinx appears to be beneficial in dogs with Chiari-like malformation and associated syringohydromyelia/syringomyelia.


Subject(s)
Arnold-Chiari Malformation/veterinary , Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunts/veterinary , Dog Diseases/surgery , Syringomyelia/veterinary , Animals , Arnold-Chiari Malformation/diagnosis , Arnold-Chiari Malformation/surgery , Dog Diseases/diagnosis , Dogs , Female , Magnetic Resonance Imaging/veterinary , Male , Neurologic Examination/veterinary , Postoperative Complications/veterinary , Retrospective Studies , Spinal Cord/surgery , Syringomyelia/diagnosis , Syringomyelia/surgery , Treatment Outcome
4.
Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract ; 40(1): 143-59, 2010 Jan.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19942061

ABSTRACT

Hydrocephalus is distension of the ventricular system of the brain related to inadequate passage of cerebrospinal fluid from its point of production within the ventricular system to its point of absorption into the systemic circulation. Developmental disorders are the most common causes of hydrocephalus, but there are other causes as well. Diagnosis is based on the clinical features and on brain imaging to assess ventricular size and to identify any specific causes. Medical therapy can provide temporary relief but definitive treatment usually involves placement of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt. This article discusses the pathophysiology and management of hydrocephalus.


Subject(s)
Cat Diseases/diagnosis , Cerebral Ventricles/pathology , Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunts/veterinary , Dog Diseases/diagnosis , Hydrocephalus/veterinary , Animals , Cat Diseases/drug therapy , Cat Diseases/surgery , Cats , Dog Diseases/drug therapy , Dog Diseases/surgery , Dogs , Hydrocephalus/diagnosis , Hydrocephalus/drug therapy , Hydrocephalus/surgery , Prognosis , Treatment Outcome
5.
J Am Vet Med Assoc ; 188(4): 423-6, 1986 Feb 15.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-3949622

ABSTRACT

Hydrocephalus was diagnosed in a 4-month-old Staffordshire Terrier with gastrointestinal and neurologic signs and cervical pain, using computed tomography. A ventriculoperitoneal shunt was used to manage the hydrocephalus. Ventriculoperitoneal shunt patency was assessed, using nuclear scintigraphy. Because of expense and potential shunt complications, a ventriculoperitoneal shunt might not always be practical; however, this mode of diagnosis and management was successful.


Subject(s)
Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunts/veterinary , Dog Diseases/diagnosis , Hydrocephalus/veterinary , Animals , Dog Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Dog Diseases/surgery , Dogs , Hydrocephalus/diagnosis , Hydrocephalus/diagnostic imaging , Hydrocephalus/surgery , Male , Peritoneal Cavity , Radionuclide Imaging , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
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