Caracterização do perfil de clientela de clínica-escola de psicopedagogia / Characterization of clinic-school clientele profile of educational psychology

OBJETIVO: Este artigo apresenta resultado de estudo retrospectivo desenvolvido com o objetivo de traçar o perfil de clientela atendida entre 2000 e 2009 na clínica-escola de Psicopedagogia a partir dos dados registrados em 5822 prontuários. MÉTODO: Para a coleta de dados foi elaborado protocolo abrangendo questões sociodemográficas e de evolução clínica. RESULTADOS: O estudo demonstrou que a população atendida é do sexo masculino (65,2%), aluno de escola pública (89,4%), com idade entre 7 e 13 anos (83,9%), em sua maioria, oriundos de famílias de baixa renda, encaminhado pela escola em função de dificuldades de aprendizagem da escrita (66%). Os pais são separados (61%), com baixo nível de escolaridade. CONCLUSÃO: Esses resultados indicam a necessidade do planejamento de políticas de saúde e educação e formação profissional condizentes com a realidade...

OBJECTIVE: This paper presents results of a retrospective study developed with the objective outlining the profile of clients served between 2000 and 2009, in the Psychopegagogy Clinic-School of UNIFIEO from data recorded on 5822 records. METHODS: For the data collection a protocol chart has been drawn up covering socio-demographic issues and clinical evolution. RESULTS: The study showed that the population served is male (65.2%), public school student, aged between 7 and 13 years (83.9%), mainly from low-income families, forwarded by the school because of learning difficulties in writing (73%). Parents are separated in 61% of cases, with low level of schooling. CONCLUSIONS: Concludes by the need of planning in health policies and education and training consistent with the reality...

Caracterização do perfil de clientela de clínica-escola de psicopedagogia / Characterization of clinic-school clientele profile of educational psychology

OBJETIVO: Este artigo apresenta resultado de estudo retrospectivo desenvolvido com o objetivo de traçar o perfil de clientela atendida entre 2000 e 2009 na clínica-escola de Psicopedagogia a partir dos dados registrados em 5822 prontuários. MÉTODO: Para a coleta de dados foi elaborado protocolo abrangendo questões sociodemográficas e de evolução clínica. RESULTADOS: O estudo demonstrou que a população atendida é do sexo masculino (65,2%), aluno de escola pública (89,4%), com idade entre 7 e 13 anos (83,9%), em sua maioria, oriundos de famílias de baixa renda, encaminhado pela escola em função de dificuldades de aprendizagem da escrita (66%). Os pais são separados (61%), com baixo nível de escolaridade. CONCLUSÃO: Esses resultados indicam a necessidade do planejamento de políticas de saúde e educação e formação profissional condizentes com a realidade.(AU)

OBJECTIVE: This paper presents results of a retrospective study developed with the objective outlining the profile of clients served between 2000 and 2009, in the Psychopegagogy Clinic-School of UNIFIEO from data recorded on 5822 records. METHODS: For the data collection a protocol chart has been drawn up covering socio-demographic issues and clinical evolution. RESULTS: The study showed that the population served is male (65.2%), public school student, aged between 7 and 13 years (83.9%), mainly from low-income families, forwarded by the school because of learning difficulties in writing (73%). Parents are separated in 61% of cases, with low level of schooling. CONCLUSIONS: Concludes by the need of planning in health policies and education and training consistent with the reality.(AU)

El cambio conceptual de dos maestras en relación con la enseñanza y el aprendizaje de la lengua oral a través de un asesoramiento: un estudio de casos / The conceptual change of two teachers in relation to the teaching and learning of oral language through an assessment: a case study

En este trabajo presentamos los resultados de una investigación en la que han participado 4 maestras: 2 de educación infantil y 2 de educación primaria. Se ha llevado a cabo un asesoramiento utilizando la metodología conversacional a una maestra de cada nivel educativo con el objetivo de promover un cambio conceptual en relación con la representación sobre los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje de la lengua oral. Durante un periodo de 4 meses las 2 maestras del grupo experimental participaron en 4 reuniones de asesoramiento con algunos de los investigadores. Además se realizó un grupo de discusión con las 2 maestras del grupo experimental y del grupo control antes del asesoramiento y otro una vez finalizado este. Se elaboró un instrumento ad hoc para analizar las reuniones de asesoramiento y los grupos de discusión. Los resultados indican que las maestras del grupo experimental progresan desde una visión de la lengua oral centrada en aspectos de forma y contenido, y desde la consideración de los factores madurativos como principales responsables del aprendizaje de la lengua oral, hacia una conceptualización que otorga una importancia fundamental a los aspectos de uso del lenguaje, a la interacción social y a las estrategias que utilizan las maestras en clase como factores explicativos de la competencia oral de los alumnos (AU)

We present the results of a research project in which 4 teachers (2 kindergarten and 2 primary school teachers) took part. A counselling process using conversational methodology was carried out with one teacher from each setting to promote a conceptual change in the teachers’ representation of oral language teaching and learning processes. During a 4-month period, the 2 teachers in the experimental group participated in 2 counselling meetings with some of the researchers. We also carried out a focus group with all four teachers before and after the meetings. An ad hoc instrument was designed to analyze the meetings and the focus groups. The results show that teachers in the experimental group progressed from a conception focused on formal and content-based aspects of oral language to a conception that stresses language use, social interaction, and the strategies employed by teachers in class as explanatory factors for pupils’ oral language competence (AU)

Language delay and behavioral/emotional problems in toddlers: findings from two developmental clinics.

PURPOSE: The association between language delay and behavior problems in toddlers was examined in 2 studies, 1 conducted in a developmental clinic in New Jersey (Study 1; N = 83) and the other conducted in a developmental clinic in New York (Study 2; N = 103). METHOD: In both clinics, parents of 18- to 35-month-olds completed the Language Development Survey (LDS) and the Child Behavior Checklist/1.5-5 (CBCL). In Study 2, the Preschool Language Scale-Fourth Edition (PLS-4) was also administered. Neurodevelopmental delay (ND) and pervasive developmental disorder (PDD) symptoms were also assessed in both studies but were done so using different measures. RESULTS: In Study 1, LDS Vocabulary score and CBCL Total Problems, Internalizing, and Withdrawn scores were significantly correlated. However, when children with ND and/or suspected PDD were excluded, only the correlation between LDS Vocabulary and Withdrawn remained significant. In Study 2, only the correlation between LDS Vocabulary and Withdrawn approached significance. Children delayed in language on the PLS-4 had higher CBCL scores than typically developing toddlers only on the CBCL Withdrawn syndrome. CONCLUSION: Significant associations between language delays and behavior problems were not found in 2 samples of 18- to 35-month-olds when children with ND and PDD were excluded, except that toddlers with language delays appeared to show elevated social withdrawal relative to typically developing toddlers.

[Familiy mediation within the counselling system]. / Praxis der Familienmediation in der Beratung.

Family mediation has been established as a method of resolving family conflicts within the counselling system. Unfortunately there existed only rare information about the real presence and efficacy of family mediation services within this system. 726 counselling centres from all over the country participated at the present study, which was outlined to evaluate their supply of family mediation and the use of it. The results show that nearly one third of the centres are offering family mediation as a regular service to their clients, and that mediative skills are quite frequently used by the counselling professionals. Centres, which offer a regular service of mediation, have an obviously higher percentage of honorary staff, indicating that this service might have a more fragile status. Each centre, which conducted mediation, had an average mediation caseload of 32 in 2003, which means a percentage of 7 percent of all counselling cases treated in this year. These mediations needed an average treatment of 7 hours. Most frequent cases in mediation are separated married or separated non-married parents with 2 children. In most cases, family mediation was used to regulate conflicts in separation, divorce or post divorce, mainly concerned with issues of child custody. In contrast to the researchers' expectations, children were introduced at the mediation process only rarely. The need for mediation in the local population was rated much higher than the factual demand for and the factual supply of mediation. Based on the outcomes of the study, some recommendations are made: for the improvement of the supply of family mediation, for the expansion of the issues to which mediation is offered, and for strengthening the approaches to include children into the mediation process.

Five-year review of adolescent mental health usage in Singapore.

INTRODUCTION: To provide a review of adolescent mental health service utilisation in a child and adolescent mental health outpatient clinic in Singapore. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data from all new adolescent cases seen over a 5-year period in the Child Guidance Clinic were analysed. A review of services provided is also included. RESULTS: Adolescent mental health usage has been on an increase with a rise in the number of cases diagnosed with depression. There has also been an increase in the number of forensic cases seen in the department. CONCLUSIONS: There is a growing demand for adolescent mental health services. As the demands and stresses on today's youth increase, there is likely to be a continued increase in the demand for such services. The challenge in the future is to provide adolescent mental health services in cost-effective packages that will meet the needs as well as stay financially viable.

Child psychiatric consultations in a general hospital.

BACKGROUND: The referral pattern of child psychiatry was reviewed over a period of 3 years. The setting was a local general hospital with in-patient and out-patient adult psychiatric services. The cases studied were from out-patient based services rendered for children. OBJECTIVE: To draw a comparison between trends of referral from a study conducted locally in 1984 in a child guidance clinic. METHODS: A questionnaire was used to collect demographic information for children below 16 years. Medical records of patients seen between January 1992 and December 1994 were analysed. RESULTS: In our study, parental referrals topped the list of source of referrals compared to referrals from school health service in the study conducted in 1984. The conditions commonly seen remained the same, namely mental retardation, neurosis and adjustment reaction. CONCLUSION: Children were referred according to parent tolerance and acceptance of psychiatric help as well as behaviour.

Prevalence and pattern of psychiatric morbidity in children.

Present study was carried out at child guidance clinic of Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, Delhi. Sample consisted of 300 children (175 boys and 125 girls of aged 2-12 years) from November, 1994 to October, 1996. Diagnoses were made by using ICD-10 criteria. The major diagnoses were mental retardation (20.6%), epilepsy (20%), hysterical conversion reaction (6.3%), ADHD (5%) and childhood depression (6%).

Os recursos públicos destinados à assistência aos portadores de transtornos invasivos do desenvolvimento, em Belo Horizonte / The public resource for assistance the pervasive developmental disorders patients, in Belo Horizonte

O autor apresenta dados estatísticos sobre a falta do tratamento adequado para os portadores de Transtornos Invasivos do Desenvolvimento, em Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais. Dos pacientes agendados num hospital público, havia 44 pacientes deste grupo nosológico e somente 14 tinham tratamento multi-profissional, mesmo que por período menor que quatro horas semanais. Discute-se a atual situaçäo: ausência de tratamento adequado para estas pessoas e a impossibilidade de aquisiçäo de habilidades após a adolescência.

Unclaimed Children revisited: the status of state children's mental health service systems.

In 1982, Jane Knitzer's Unclaimed Children described continued nationwide failure to provide services for children and adolescents with serious emotional disturbances. Since 1982, there has been considerable change in the philosophy, administration, and operation of services for this population. The current study compared state child and adolescent (C/A) mental health systems to those described in Unclaimed Children. Present findings are based on surveys of State Mental Health Representatives for Children and Youth in 1988/89 and 1993. Results indicated a marked increase in the number of state administrative offices and staff for C/A mental health. Much pertinent legislation had been passed. States developed a target population definition and largely officially embraced the Child and Adolescent Services System Program (CASSP) principles of an ideal system of care. Out-of-state placements were high, and placements on adult wards still existed. Counts of these placements were often unavailable to mental health officials.

Clinical, sociodemographic, and systems risk factors for attrition in a children's mental health clinic.

Clinical, sociodemographic, and systems risk factors for attrition at a child guidance clinic were identified. All patients who completed the intake process were followed through various clinic phases. Lower socioeconomic status and low family cohesion predicted dropout. Dropouts and continuers were equally psychiatrically impaired. The Family Environment Scale was the only standardized measure that distinguished between dropouts and continuers.

Sociodemographic characteristics of dropouts from a child guidance clinic.

OBJECTIVE: This study examined the characteristics of families who dropped out and families who maintained contact with a children's psychiatric outpatient clinic through various phases of intake and treatment. METHODS: One year after intake, the authors examined the status of all patients (N = 555) who had sought treatment at an urban, university-affiliated children's psychiatric outpatient clinic over a two-year period and had completed the intake process. Factors associated with dropout were identified at four points in the clinic process: during intake, during evaluation, at completion of evaluation, and during treatment. RESULTS: Urban residence, minority status, single-parent status, and Medicaid status were related to dropout at intake and during evaluation but not at subsequent clinic phases. Nonminority, two-parent, suburban families of higher socioeconomic status were more likely to drop out at the completion of the evaluation. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that factors associated with attrition vary with the clinic phase. Further investigations of the clinical course of minority children and families involved with children's mental health services are necessary to understand the needs of this population and to design interventions such as increasing minority staff and providing training in multi-cultural competence.

Mortality and aggressiveness in a 30-year follow-up study in child guidance clinics in Stockholm.

The mortality rate and aggressiveness in a cohort of 2364 former patients of the child guidance clinics in Stockholm were studied during a 30-year follow-up period; 106 died during this observation period. This frequency is significantly higher than the calculated mortality rate in a reference population. In all, 82% of the total deaths were caused by suicide, accidents, or abuse of alcohol or drugs. Among the patients that died of suicide and abuse, more mental disorders, abuse and criminality were found in their parents during the initial evaluation. Significantly more males than females died as a result of accidents and alcohol or drug abuse. Aggressive feelings and acts, both against oneself and others, were overrepresented in the initial contacts with the child guidance clinics. To prevent these deaths, an alternative approach during the first contact with a child psychiatric centre is discussed, as well as more extensive help and intervention at an early stage.

[Waiting periods in Bavarian child rearing, adolescent and family counseling centers--results of a 1988 study]. / Wartezeiten an bayerischen Erziehungs-, Jugend- und Familienberatungsstellen--Ergebnisse einer Erhebung 1988.

Child Guidance Clinics are often said to be institutions where clients have to wait for month before they get an appointment. Starting from this critique data on different aspects of waiting-lists in Bavarian Youth and Family Counselling Centers are reported. The data cover waiting-time from registration to first appointment, handling of registrations of clients in crisis-situations, a comparison of waiting-time between the year 1977 and 1988, relationship between size of the district a Counselling Center has to cover and waiting-time etc. Results probably have significance for the Federal Republic of Germany beyond Bavaria.

[Are child guidance centers oriented to the middle class? Consequences for psychosocial planning]. / Sind Erzieherungsberatungsstellen mittelschichtorientiert? Konsequenzen für die psychosoziale Planung.

The widespread opinion, that child guidance clinics were adapted to the standards of middle-class families is a prejudice. Investigations during the past 15 years have shown, that the percentage of lower-class families at least reaches the average rate of lower-class families in the west-german population. A lot of confusion concerning this question is due to certain investigations using unprecise methods and not clearly defined references. The tendency, that Child- and Adolescent Psychiatrists (working as an independent service or integrated into a multiprofessional team) are frequented slightly more often by lower-class families than child guidance clinics without doctors, is becoming increasingly evident. This however does not in our opinion justify the foundation of independent child-psychiatric-services in the first front. This would also conflict with the recommendations made by the "Psychiatry-Enquete". Instead it is advisable to integrate appropriately qualified doctors in all child guidances clinics. This kind of teamwork helps to overcome misunderstandings as well as narrow minded views and makes mutual understanding and learning possible, it improves the inevitable essential cooperation and through that ameliorates the quality of the auxiliary-service for the clients. To meet the needs of lower-class clients, we have to search for new ways of thinking and coping in child guidance work and these services should be made known through professional public relation work.

Mental health problems of children: analysis of a cumulative psychiatric case register.

The advent of community mental health centers has brought a marked increase in treatment of mental health problems of children, especially for minorities. The number of children receiving care and the prevalence and the utilization rates by age, sex, and race from 1960 to 1977 in a large metropolitan county in upstate New York have been described previously. For the same time and community, the episodes of care by diagnostic grouping, type and length of treatment, and health status at the end of an episode have now been examined. An increase in treatment occurred in two areas: situational disorders and behavioral disorders. The number of treatments for psychotic, neurotic, and personality disorders remained stable. Affective and psychotic disorders emerged as qualitatively unique problems which often required multiple treatments and predicted high adult utilization. The average length of treatment for all episodes was 110 days. One third of the treatment episodes were associated with an improved health status. Most contacts were for first episodes, but a few patients had an extraordinarily large number of treatment episodes. A comparison with mental health problems seen in pediatric practice is presented.

The epidemiology of admissions to the child and adolescent psychiatric outpatient clinic.

Using the data from the 1970 census of population and housing for the Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area (SMSA) of Milwaukee, Wisconsin (1), demographic information was recorded for each of the approximately 300 census tracts in Milwaukee County pertaining to the population characteristics, marital status, age stratification, and economic and housing characteristics. Also, information was collected on the number of admissions into the child and adolescent outpatient clinic for each census tract. The 300 census tracts were than divided into four categories: very low admission, low admission, high admission, and very high admission. Using a computer method, a demographic analysis of these four groups of census tracts was then carried out to examine the correlation between the census tracts was then carried out to examine the correlation between the density of admissions and various demographic characteristics. During the course of the study, various correlations between high admissions to the child and adolescent psychiatric outpatient clinic and various demographic characteristics emerged. Implications of these findings, in terms of present service and future planning, are discussed.