Avaliação da qualidade microbiológica do queijo de coalho comercializado na praia de Copacabana - RJ / Evaluation of the microbiological quality of coalho cheese commercialized on Copabacabana beach

A pesquisa teve o objetivo de avaliar as condições higiênicas e sanitárias de comercialização do queijo de coalho por vendedores ambulantes na praia de Copacabana, por meio de inspeção visual e análises microbiológicas. Para o estudo foram coletadas quinze amostras de cinco diferentes ambulantes e estas foram encaminhadas para o Centro Estadual de Pesquisa em Qualidade de Alimentos da Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuária do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (PESAGRO-RIO/CEPQA) onde foram submetidas às análises microbiológicas. O resultado da avaliação visual das condições higiênico-sanitárias demonstrou 100% de não conformidades em relação à adoção das Boas Práticas de Fabricação por parte dos manipuladores. Os resultados das contagens de Estafilococos coagulase positiva e de Coliformes termotolerantes se apresentaram acima do limite preconizado pela legislação vigente em 75% e 6,7% das amostras respectivamente. Em 25% das amostras foi verificada a presença de Salmonella spp. O estudo demonstrou que o queijo de coalho vendido por ambulantes da praia de Copacabana estava impróprio para o consumo podendo representar risco à saúde dos consumidores.(AU)

The research aimed to evaluate the hygienic and sanitary commercialized conditions of coalho cheese by street vendors on Copacabana beach, through visual inspection and microbiological analysis. For conducting the study, fifteen samples were collected from five different street vendors and these were analyzed at the State Center for Research in Food Quality of the Agriculture Research Company of the State of Rio de Janeiro (PESAGRO-RIO/CEPQA). The result of the visual assessment of hygienic-sanitary conditions demonstrated 100% of non-conformities in relation to the adoption of Good Manufacturing Practices by the manipulators. In counts of coagulase positive Staphylococcus and Thermotolerant Coliforms were above the limit recommended by the current legislation in 75% and 6.7% of the samples, respectively. Salmonella spp. was present in 25% of the analyses.The study showed that the coalho cheese sold by street vendors on Copacabana beach was unfit for consumption and could pose a risk to consumer health.(AU)

Avaliação microbiológica de sushis comercializados em dois tipos de restaurantes de Pouso Alegre - MG / Microbiological evaluation of sushi marketed in twi types of restaurants in Pouso Alegre - MG

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os padrões microbiológicos de sushis preparados e comercializados em dois tipos de restaurantes no município de Pouso Alegre ­ MG. Foram adquiridas 32 amostras de sushis entre os meses de outubro a novembro de 2019 e realizadas pesquisa de coliformes totais, coliformes termotolerantes, Escherichia coli e estafilococos coagulase positiva. Para os testes de coliformes, as amostras foram inoculadas pela técnica pour plate utilizando o meio Agar Vermelho Violeta Bile. Para os testes de estafilococos coagulase positiva, foi utilizada a técnica de spread plate utilizando o meio Agar Baird Parker. Neste estudo não foram encontradas bactérias do grupo coliformes termotolerantes, entretanto, houve presença de coliformes totais em 59,37% das amostras. Em relação a estafilococos coagulase positiva, duas amostras foram positivas para este microrganismo, entretanto, apenas uma teve valores fora dos padrões estabelecidos pela legislação. Quando comparado os resultados entre os dois restaurantes, não houve diferença estatística entre eles. Neste estudo, com exceção de uma amostra, todas as outras amostras estão de acordo com os padrões de qualidade alimentar.(AU)

The objective of this study was to evaluate the microbiological patterns of sushi prepared and sold in 2 types of restaurants in the city of Pouso Alegre ­ MG. Thirty-two samples of sushi were acquired between October and November 2019 and a search for total coliforms, thermotolerant coliforms, Escherichia coli and coagulase-positive staphylococci were carried out. For the coliform tests, the samples were inoculated by the pour plate technique using the Red Violet Bile Agar medium. For coagulase positive staphylococci tests, the spread plate technique using Baird Parker Agar medium was used. In this study, bacteria of the thermotolerant coliform group were not found, however, total coliforms were present in 59.37% of the samples. Regarding coagulase-positive staphylococci, two samples were positive for this microorganism, however, only one had values ​​outside the standards established by legislation. When comparing the results between the two restaurants, there was no statistical difference between them. In this study, with the exception of one sample, all other samples meet food quality standards.

Food handling conditions of university canteens / Condiciones de manipulación alimentaria de los comedores universitarios

The aim of this study was to evaluate the hygiene and sanitary conditions of canteens in a Brazilian public university. A checklist was applied and coliform analysis at 45 °C. Aerobic mesophilic bacteria on surface boards used in food handling were also counted. It was observed that most of the canteens were considered unsatisfactory in terms of compliance with good handling practices. Presence of coliforms at 45 °C was noted in 72% of the food handling surface boards. With respect to mesophilic bacteria, 81% of the boards presented values above the recommended. According to the results, it is possible to say that based on hygienic-sanitary guidelines, the canteens were not in accordance with Brazilian law that regulates good manufacture practices of the food service industry and recommends that facilities, equipment and utensils used in food handling are in proper hygienic-sanitary conditions. The food production process for the university population was not properly carried out due to non-compliance with good handling practices. Thus, the health of thousands of students and staff who have their meals daily at the university canteens may be at risk.

El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar las condiciones higiénico-sanitarias de las cafeterías en una universidad pública brasileña. Se aplicó una lista de verificación y también se llevaron a cabo análisis de coliformes y recuentos de bacterias mesofílicas aeróbicas en tablas de cortar utilizadas en la manipulación de alimentos. Se observó que la mayoría de las cafeterías se consideraban inadecuadas en cuanto al cumplimiento de las buenas prácticas de manufactura. La presencia de coliformes se observó en el 72% de las tablas de manipulación de alimentos analizadas. Con respecto a las bacterias mesofílicas, 81% de las tablas presentaron valores superiores a los recomendados. De acuerdo con los resultados, es posible decir con base en la evaluación de las condiciones higiénico-sanitarias, que las cafeterías no estaban de acuerdo con la legislación brasileña que regula las buenas prácticas de manufactura en servicios de alimentos y recomienda que las instalaciones, equipos y utensilios utilizados en la manipulación estén en condiciones higiénico-sanitarias adecuadas. El proceso de producción de alimentos destinados a la población universitaria no se lleva a cabo adecuadamente debido al incumplimiento de las buenas prácticas, ya que pone en riesgo la salud de miles de estudiantes y personal que comen diariamente en los comedores universitarios.

Avaliação da inocuidade e qualidade microbiológica do queijo artesanal serrano e sua relação com as variáveis físico químicas e o período de maturação / Evaluation of the Safety and Quality of Microbiological Handmade Cheese Serrano and its Relation to Physical and Chemical Variables the Period of Maturity

Background: The handmade cheese serrano is a typical product created on small farms in the states of Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul. Its main feature is to be manufactured from raw. Due to the physico-chemical phenomena that occur during maturation, this process is the only way to eliminate the pathogenic microorganisms that may be present contaminating the cheese. The present study aimed to evaluate the safety of handmade cheeses by isolation and identification of Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella spp. and evaluate the microbiological quality through the isolation and quantification of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and total coliforms and relate the maturation time and variations physico-chemical with the contamination of handmade cheeses. Materials, Methods & Results: The experiment was conducted using 108 samples of handmade cheese Serrano from the towns that make up the mountainous region of SC, with maturation periods of 15, 30, 45 and 60 days. In each of the stages of maturation were analyzed twenty seven samples of cheeses, for the presence of Listeria monocytogenes by the method USDA/2009 and Salmonella spp. methodology according to ISO 6579/2007. The identifi cation and enumeration of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and total coliform was performed in plates petrifilm™. Physicochemical analyzes consisted of determining moisture, acidity, fat and protein. In this study was evaluated a total of 108 samples, of these 63 (58.33%) were positive for total coliforms, 64 (59.26%) were positive for Escherichia coli and 36 (33.33%) showed counts of Staphylococcus aureus over 103 CFU / g. There was a decrease in the population of coliforms and Escherichia coli after 30 and 45 days of maturation, respectively. The enumeration of Staphylococcus aureus was not infl uenced by maturity period, however, there was a reduction in the count of this micro-organism from 15 to 45 days and after this period there was an increase in the population of the same. Salmonella spp. were not detected in any analyzed maturation periods. Listeria spp. were isolated in 21/108 (19.44%) of the samples analyzed, 18 (16.66%) were identified as Listeria innocua and three (2.77%) as Listeria monocytogenes. The isolation of Listeria spp. decreased from 30 days of ripening and Listeria monocytogenes isolated at 30 and 45 days of ripening. The physicochemical results found in this study are presented in a range of normal variation, the maturation period only influenced the fat content, where a significant decrease was observed from 15 to 30 days, and protein content which higher performed at the end of the period. Discussion: The presence of total coliforms, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus showed defi ciency in hygiene procedures during manufacturing or storage of the cheeses and the presence of Escherichia coli indicates fecal contamination of food, suggesting that other enteropathogens may be present. The presence of Listeria innocua suggests that Listeria monocytogenes may be present contaminating the product. Listeria monocytogenes makes handmade cheese unfit for human consumption. Thus, it was not possible to check a minimum maturation period of handmade cheese with no or low count of micro-organisms evaluated. The great variation in the composition of the cheeses analyzed demonstrates the lack of standardization in the production of handmade cheese.