ABSTRACT
Cardioviruses cause myocarditis and encephalomyelitis in rodents; human cardioviruses have not been ascribed to any disease. We screened 6,854 cerebrospinal fluid and 10 myocardium specimens from children and adults. A genotype 2 cardiovirus was detected from a child who died of sudden infant death syndrome, and 2 untypeable cardioviruses were detected from 2 children with meningitis.
Subject(s)
Cardiovirus Infections/virology , Meningitis, Viral/virology , Sudden Infant Death/cerebrospinal fluid , Adult , Cardiovirus/classification , Cardiovirus/genetics , Cardiovirus/isolation & purification , Cardiovirus Infections/cerebrospinal fluid , Child , Cohort Studies , Communicable Diseases, Emerging/cerebrospinal fluid , Communicable Diseases, Emerging/virology , Germany , Humans , Infant , Meningitis, Viral/cerebrospinal fluid , Myocarditis/cerebrospinal fluid , Myocarditis/virology , Phylogeny , RNA, Viral/cerebrospinal fluid , RNA, Viral/geneticsABSTRACT
Cryptococcus gattii is a known, emerging infectious disease pathogen predominantly in the Pacific Northwest, the United States, and British Columbia, Canada. We report a case of an immunocompetent adolescent from New England who had severe pulmonary and central nervous system infection caused by the VGI genotype of C. gattii.
Subject(s)
Cryptococcus gattii/isolation & purification , Meningitis, Cryptococcal/microbiology , Adolescent , Antifungal Agents/therapeutic use , Brain/pathology , Communicable Diseases, Emerging/cerebrospinal fluid , Communicable Diseases, Emerging/drug therapy , Communicable Diseases, Emerging/microbiology , Cryptococcus gattii/genetics , Female , Genotype , Humans , Lung Diseases, Fungal/cerebrospinal fluid , Lung Diseases, Fungal/drug therapy , Lung Diseases, Fungal/microbiology , Lung Diseases, Fungal/pathology , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Meningitis, Cryptococcal/cerebrospinal fluid , Meningitis, Cryptococcal/drug therapy , Multilocus Sequence Typing , New England , Radiography, Thoracic , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedABSTRACT
The reactivation of human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) in patients with AIDS can result in an acute and severe diffuse meningoencephalitis. We describe the epidemiological, clinical and outcome findings of five patients with diagnosis of HIV/AIDS and central nervous system involvement (CNS) due to HHV-6. Fever was present in all the patients. Meningeal compromise, seizures and encephalitis were present in some of the patients. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) specimens was positive for HHV-6 in all the patients. HHV-6 should be included among opportunistic and emerging pathogens that involve the CNS in patients with AIDS.
Subject(s)
AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/virology , Communicable Diseases, Emerging/virology , Herpesviridae Infections/virology , Herpesvirus 6, Human/genetics , Meningoencephalitis/virology , AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/cerebrospinal fluid , Adult , Communicable Diseases, Emerging/cerebrospinal fluid , Female , Herpesviridae Infections/cerebrospinal fluid , Humans , Male , Meningoencephalitis/cerebrospinal fluid , Middle Aged , Polymerase Chain ReactionABSTRACT
The reactivation of human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) in patients with AIDS can result in an acute and severe diffuse meningoencephalitis. We describe the epidemiological, clinical and outcome findings of five patients with diagnosis of HIV/AIDS and central nervous system involvement (CNS) due to HHV-6. Fever was present in all the patients. Meningeal compromise, seizures and encephalitis were present in some of the patients. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) specimens was positive for HHV-6 in all the patients. HHV-6 should be included among opportunistic and emerging pathogens that involve the CNS in patients with AIDS.
A reativação do herpesvírus humano 6 (HHV-6), em um hospedeiro com AIDS, pode resultar em meningoencefalite aguda difusa. Nós descrevemos a epidemiologia, a clínica e resultados encontrados em cinco pacientes com diagnóstico de HIV/AIDS e comprometimento do sistema nervoso central (SNC) devido ao HHV-6. Todos os pacientes apresentaram febre. Sinais e sintomas de comprometimento meníngeo, convulsões e encefalite podem ser encontrados. A reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR) de amostras do líquor foi positiva para HHV-6 em todos os pacientes. O HHV-6 deve ser incluído entre os patógenos emergentes oportunistas que comprometem o SNC de pacientes com AIDS.
