Construcciones en promoción de salud, basadas en discursos radiales,Chile 1983: Un estudio histórico / Construções em promoção da saúde a partir de discursos radiofónicos Chile 1983:Um estudo histórico / Constructions in health promotion, based on radio speeches, Chile 1983: A historical study

Introduction: The educational function of the nursing role is considered an instance oflink with the community. Objective: to unveil health promotion practices based on educationalradio advertisements of nurses in 1983 in Chile. Material and method: qualitative perspective,with linguistically oriented discourse analysis, and review of the literature in databases: Scielo,Google scholar, Science direct, with keywords: community health nursing, role of the nurse,health education , history of nursing. Results: the education function in the nursing role showspower edges and is associated with the political context of the time. The care of the child and thefamily is associated with the responsibility of the woman, with explicit instructions that themother must comply with in order to obtain optimal health for her children. Hygiene measuressuch as hand washing are strongly instilled in the prevention of infectious - contagious diseases.Discussion and Conclusion: Health promotion, exercised as a radio educational activity, was analternative for linking and channeling with the most vulnerable population, to achieve states offamily well-being and made it possible to make visible the educational function of the role ofprofessional nurses

Introducción: La función de educación del rol de enfermería, se considera instancia devínculo con la comunidad. Objetivo: develar prácticas de promoción de salud basadas en anuncioseducativos radiales de enfermeras en el año 1983 en Chile. Material y método: perspectivacualitativa, con análisis de discurso de orientación lingüística, y revisión de la literatura en basesde datos: Scielo, Google scholar, Science direct, con palabras claves: enfermería en saludcomunitaria, rol de la enfermera, educación en salud, historia de la enfermería. Resultados: lafunción de educación en el rol de enfermería muestra aristas de poder y se asocia al contextopolítico de la época. Se asocia el cuidado del niño y familia a la responsabilidad de la mujer,explicitándose instrucciones que debía cumplir la madre para obtener una óptima salud de sushijos. Se inculcan fuertemente medidas de higiene como lavado de manos en prevención deenfermedades infecto - contagiosas. Discusión y Conclusión: La promoción de la salud, ejercidacomo actividad educativa radial fue una alternativa de vinculación y canalización con la poblaciónmás vulnerable, para alcanzar estados de bienestar familiar y permitió visibilizar la función deeducación del rol de las profesionales enfermeras.

Introdução: A função educativa da função de enfermagem é considerada uma instânciade vínculo com a comunidade. Objetivo: desvelar práticas de promoção da saúde baseadas emanúncios educacionais de rádio de enfermeiras em 1983 no Chile. Material e método: perspectivaqualitativa, com análise do discurso com orientação linguística, e revisão da literatura nas basesde dados: Scielo, Google scholar, Science direct, com palavras-chave: enfermagem em saúdecomunitária, papel do enfermeiro, educação em saúde, história da enfermagem. Resultados: afunção educativa na função de enfermagem apresenta limites de poder e está associada aocontexto político da época. O cuidado do filho e da família está associado à responsabilidade damulher, especificando as instruções que a mãe deve cumprir para obter a saúde ideal para seusfilhos. As medidas de higiene, como a lavagem das mãos, são fortemente utilizadas na prevenção87Cultura de los Cuidados. 1º Cuatrimestre 2022. Año XXVI. nº 62de doenças infecto-contagiosas. Discussão e Conclusão: A promoção da saúde, exercida comoatividade educativa radiofônica, foi uma alternativa de vinculação e canalização com a populaçãomais vulnerável, para o alcance de estados de bem-estar familiar e possibilitou tornar visível afunção educativa da atuação do profissional enfermeiras

Building Community and Transforming Knowledge: Histories of Women's Health Practitioners and Community-Based Health Services in 20th-Century Alberta, Canada.

As new government health policy was created and implemented in the late 1910s and the late 1960s, women patients and health practitioners recognized gaps in the new health services and worked together to create better programs. This article brings the histories of the district nursing program (1919-43) and local birth control centres (1970-79) together to recognize women's health provision (as trained nurses or lay practitioners) as community-based and collaborative endeavours in the province of Alberta. The district nursing and birth control centre programs operated under different health policies, were influenced by different feminisms, and were situated in different Indigenous-settler relations. But the two programs, occurring half a century apart, provided space for health workers and their patients to implement change at a community level. Health practitioners in the early and late twentieth century took women's experiential knowledge seriously, and, therefore, these communities formed a new field of women's health expertise.

District nursing renascent as Wales adopts safe staffing levels.

This article reflects on the history of the NHS in Wales and how this has led to its current structure. How this structure supports integrated working across primary, community and secondary care and how further integration with social care is moving forward and its direct effects on district nursing are explored. This article describes how district nursing is meeting these challenges. Support for district nurses as part of integrated multiprofessional teams is being developed to promote appropriately staffed teams centred on meeting the requirements of people within a designated area and ensuring that home is the best and first place of care.

El legado de las enfermeras sanitarias en el cuidado de la salud chilena / Legacy of sanitary nurses in the care of chilean health

RESUMEN Chile, durante los inicios del siglo XX, evidencia una crisis social que impactó en las condiciones de salud de la gran mayoría de la población y es durante este período que se dan los primeros pasos de la profesionalización de la enfermera y el inicio en la formación de la enfermería sanitaria. Objetivo: Describir las prácticas de cuidado otorgado por las enfermeras sanitarias en Chile que marcaron la transformación de las condiciones de salud de la población. Material y métodos: A partir de los relatos de vida de las enfermeras que trabajaron en los servicios de salud de Chile, antes y durante la década de 1970, primero se caracteriza la identidad de las enfermeras salubristas formadas en la década del 20, y luego se interpreta el legado del cuidado sociocultural aplicado en las comunidades. Resultados: El cuidado estaba sustentado en un tramado sociocultural y son las enfermeras sanitarias quienes operacionalizan las macropolíticas sanitarias. Conclusión: La construcción de identidad de las enfermeras sanitarias emerge como eje transversal a lo largo de este período, y se le reconoce la urgencia que asumió en la intervención de las necesidades en salud y su compromiso ético por el resguardo del cuidado de las personas, familias y comunidades.

ABSTRACT During the early twentieth century, Chile shows a social crisis that impacted on the health conditions of the vast majority of the population, and it is during this period that the first steps towards the professionalization of nursing are taken and the sanitary nurse training begins. Objective: Describe the care practices provided by health nurses in Chile that marked the transformation of the health conditions of the population. Method: From the life stories of the nurses who worked in the health services in Chile, before and during the decade of the 1970s, the identity of the health-care nurses trained in the 1920s was first characterized, and then the legacy of the socio-cultural care applied in the communities was interpreted. Results: The care was supported by a socio-cultural network and it is the health nurses who operationalized the health macro-policies. Conclusion: The construction of the identity of health nurses emerges as a transversal axis throughout this period, and they are recognized for the urgency with which they assumed the intervention of health needs and for their ethical commitment to safeguard the care of individuals, families and communities.

Especialidad de enfermería familiar y comunitaria. La historia interminable / No disponible

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¿Qué sabemos de las Damas Enfermeras de la Cruz Roja Española? / What do we know about the Spanish Red Cross Nurses-Ladies?

OBJETIVO: identificar qué se conoce sobre las Damas Enfermeras de la Cruz Roja Española. MÉTODO: se llevó a cabo una investigación histórica basada en la revisión bibliográfica. Fuentes documentales: catálogos virtuales de bibliotecas y archivos documentales, bases de datos electrónicas, catálogos de revistas especializadas en historia y otras fuentes de red. Descriptores utilizados: historia Enfermería, historia Cruz Roja Española, enfermeras Cruz Roja, reina Victoria Eugenia de Battenberg, Carmen Angoloti Mesa, Duquesa de la Victoria y damas/ enfermeras/ auxiliares/ voluntarias Cruz Roja. RESULTADOS: en el análisis se incluyeron 42 documentos procedentes de estudios basados en fuentes primarias y los resultados se presentan en cinco apartados: trayectoria histórica general, funcionamiento y organización, labor cuidadora y social y figuras promotoras. CONCLUSIONES: aunque en la actualidad hay un volumen considerable de estudios sobre la historia de las Damas Enfermeras, se hace necesaria la profundización mediante nuevas investigaciones en algunos aspectos, como la labor que realizaron a lo largo de su trayectoria

OBJECTIVE: to identify what is known about the Spanish Red Cross Nurses-Ladies. METHOD: a historical research was conducted, based on a bibliographic review. Documentary sources: virtual catalogues of libraries and document archives, electronic databases, catalogues of journals specialized in history, and other internet sources. Descriptors used: the History of Nursing, the History of the Spanish Red Cross, Red Cross nurses, Queen Victoria Eugenia of Battemberg, Carmen Angoloti Mesa, Duchess de la Victoria, and Red Cross ladies/nurses/assistants/volunteers. RESULTS: the analysis included 42 documents from studies based on primary sources, and results were presented in five sections: overall historical development, functioning and organization, care and social work, and promoting leading figures. CONCLUSIONS: though there is currently a large volume of studies on the history of Nurses-Ladies, it is necessary to go deeper through new research on some aspects, such as the work they conducted during their career

Historical overview of community health practitioners in Korea.

The Korean government introduced CHPs (Community Health Practitioners) as front-line primary health care providers to address the health disparity between urban and rural areas. Through their dedicated contribution over last 30 years, the CHPs have improved Korea's public health through the successful control of high birth rates, a lowered maternal and infant mortality rate in the 1980s, eradication of parasitic infection, and containing many communicable diseases including hepatitis B. However, rapid changes in the health care environment and demands for health care among rural residents have required changes in the roles and functions of the CHPs. They are challenged by fundamental changes in the public health system addressing various health issues due to a rapidly aging society, pandemic of chronic disease, new infectious disease, and climate changes. CHPs should continuously transform their roles and functions to establish a lifelong health management system. This article presents a historical overview of the CHP system and their tasks and activities. Also, recent challenges that CHPs are facing and strategies to overcome those challenges will be discussed. This historical overview will be informative for other developing countries in resolving their own public health problems.

["Practical tuberculosis care outside the hospital stands and falls with the tuberculosis nurse". Challenges in out-patient care, using the example of tuberculosis nurses in the first third of the 20th century]. / "Die praktische Aussenarbeit in der Tuberkulosefürsorge steht und fällt mit der Tuberkulosefürsorgeschwester". An- forderungen in der ambulanten Versorgung: Das Beispiel der Tuberkulosefürsorgerinnen im ersten Drittel des 20. Jahrhunderts.

Once it had become apparent that tuberculosis sanatoriums were unable to stop this widespread disease, out-patient tuberculosis clinics were established for patients and their relatives in the German Reich. These clinics, which started in the late nineteenth century, employed physicians and tuberculosis nurses. The nurses were generally community or parish nurses, specialized carers not being trained until later. On the one hand, their tasks included the work at these clinics, where they assisted the physician, admitted patients and carried out x-rays and lab tests. On the other hand--and this was their main task--they visited the sick and their families at home, informed them about tuberculosis, instructed them on questions of hygiene and the appropriate behaviour and made sure these instructions were adhered to. If they were able to offer material help as well, they were received more willingly--and they could only make their visits with a patient's consent. Due to the lack of tuberculosis medicines, the work of the tuberculosis nurses was a mainstay in the fight against this highly infectious disease. They often had to overcome the resistance of general practitioners and also of some patients and their families. But they loved doing their job because they were appreciated by the tuberculosis doctors, had a relatively high degree of freedom, authority and responsibility as health visitors and achieved visible results through personal commitment.

World War I remembered with reference to district nurses.

World War I is remembered for the appalling loss of life, but it also heralded major social and political change which included wider opportunities for women and, later, universal suffrage. World War I also formed the context for the emergence of the 1919 Nurses' Registration Act. District nurses (Queen's Nurses) undertook a range of roles during the war, including roles overseas as members of the military nursing services. Like nurses, they had their work supplemented by Voluntary Aid Detachments. This article discusses the war from the perspective of the district nursing profession.