Perspectiva de género y feminismos: Antecedentes y abordajes en el Centro de Salud Mental Nº 1

Trabajo con el objetivo de visibilizar y dar testimonio del recorrido del Centro de Salud Mental Nº 1 de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires en el proceso de asumir e incorporar la perspectiva de género en las conceptualizaciones y prácticas de la institución. También se describen las actividades realizadas en el área de violencia de género y VIH/SIDA.

Actitudes de los residentes de medicina hacia la enfermedad mental / Attitudes of medical residents towards mental illness. Study and proposals

Introducción. La existencia de estereotipos y prejuicios hacia la enfermedad mental propicia la desadaptación social, una baja autoestima, la depresión y un aumento de la carga familiar del paciente. El personal sanitario como agente estabilizador de la patología ha de poseer una actitud adecuada para la aplicación de cuidados psicoterapéuticos de calidad. Metodología. Se trata de un estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal. La muestra está compuesta de 52 residentes de medicina del EOXI Vigo. Se recogen sus datos sociodemográficos, si consideran que tienen formación en salud mental, un cuestionario de contacto con el trastorno mental [1] y por último un cuestionario de atribución de actitudes hacia la enfermedad mental [2]. Resultados. Más de la mitad de la muestra está compuesta por mujeres de una edad media de 26 años, sin experiencia profesional ni formación en salud mental y con un bajo nivel de contacto con la patología. Las actitudes que obtuvieron mayor puntuación son la de ayuda, piedad y coacción a seguir un tratamiento. Se identifican los siguientes diagnósticos enfermeros en la población a estudio: (00126) Falta de conocimientos; (00055) Desempeño ineficaz del rol, y (00174) Riesgo de compromiso de la dignidad humana. Conclusiones. Existen prejuicios de peligrosidad que se consolidan en actitudes de segregación social con el enfermo. Se identifican necesidades formativas, de entrenamiento en habilidades y de contacto con las personas que presentan estas patologías. Es necesario implantar medidas para la erradicación o al menos la disminución de estas actitudes durante la formación universitaria. Enfermería tiene metodología eficaz para intervenir sobre las actitudes estigmatizantes (AU)

Introduction. There are stereotypes and prejudices concerning the mental illness that lead to social exclusion, low self-esteem of sufferers, depression and cause a increase of the familiar burden. Health staff is a stabilizing agent who has to have a proper attitude to apply quality cares. Methods. This is a cross-sectional, observational and descriptive study. The sample is made up of 52 medicine residents in the Vigo EOXI. Their sociodemographic data, if they ahave mental health training, a contact with mental illness questionnaire [1] and a attribution of attitudes toward mental illness questionnarie [2] were collected. Results. More than half of the sample consists of women with an average age of 26, with no mental health training and previous professional experience, and have a low level of contact with mental pathologies. Coercion, help, pity were the attitudes with the highest rated. The followind nurse diagnosis are identified in the screened population: (00126) Insufficient knowledge; (00055) Ineffective performance of the role, and (00174) Risk of human dignity. Conclusions. There are prejudices of dangerousness that are transforming in social segregation attitudes toward mental illness. Needs of training, social skills and contact the pathology are identified. Install measures as part of university courses it’s necessary to eliminate or reduce discrimination. Nursing has an effective methodology for treating stigmatizing attitudes (AU)

Ethics rounds do not improve the handling of ethical issues by psychiatric staff.

BACKGROUND: One way to support healthcare staff in handling ethically difficult situations is through ethics rounds that consist of discussions based on clinical cases and are moderated by an ethicist. Previous research indicates that the handling of ethically difficult situations in the workplace might have changed after ethics rounds. This, in turn, would mean that the "ethical climate", i.e. perceptions of how ethical issues are handled, would have changed. AIM: To investigate whether ethics rounds could improve the ethical climate perceived by staff working in psychiatry outpatient clinics. METHODS: In this quasi-experimental study, six inter-professional ethics rounds led by a philosopher/ethicist were conducted at two psychiatry outpatient clinics. Changes in ethical climate were measured at these clinics as well as at two control clinics at baseline and after the intervention period using the instrument Hospital Ethical Climate Survey. RESULTS: Within-groups comparisons of median sum scores of ethical climate showed that no statistically significant differences were found in the intervention group before or after the intervention period. The median sum scores for ethical climate were significantly higher, both at baseline and after the intervention period (P ≤ 0.001; P = 0.046), in the intervention group. CONCLUSIONS: Ethics rounds in psychiatric outpatient clinics did not result in significant changes in ethical climate. Outcomes of ethics rounds might, to a higher degree, be directed towards patient-related outcomes rather than towards the staff's working environment, as the questions brought up for discussion during the ethics rounds concerned patient-related issues.

Propuesta para medir la calidad de la atención en Centros Comunitarios de Salud Mental / Proposal to test the quality of the care in the Mental Health Community Centers

Se elabora una propuesta para medir la calidad de la atención en Centros Comunitarios de Salud Mental (CCSM). Para ello se utilizan cada uno de los aspectos evaluativos aceptados por la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) los cuales se ajustan a las normas y directrices del Sistema Nacional de Salud para el funcionamiento de dichos centros.Los parámetros de la O M S son:Excelencia profesional, Uso eficiente de recursos, Mínimo de riesgos,Impacto en salud,Satisfacción de los usuarios externos e internos. El instrumento evaluativo incluye los programas e indicadores de salud mental que se corresponden con la Reorientación de la psiquiatría hacia la comunidad vigente en nuestro país desde 1995. El modelo evaluativo constituye un punto de partida como medidor interno de la calidad, lo que facilita la identificación de las necesidades locales y promueve acciones correctivas que ayuden al mejoramiento continúo de la calidad(AU)

A proposal is elaborated to measure the quality of the attention in Community Centers of Mental Health (CCSM). For they are used it each one of the aspects evaluations accepted by the World Organization of the Health (OMS) which are adjusted to the norms and guidelines of the National System of Health for the operation of this centers. The parameters of the OR M S is: - Professional Excellency - I use efficient of resources - Minimum of risks - I impact in health - The external and internal users' satisfaction The instrument evaluation includes the programs and indicators of mental health that belong together with the Reorientation of the psychiatry toward the effective community in our country from 1995. The pattern evaluation constitutes a starting point like internal meter of the quality, what facilitates the identification of the local necessities and it promotes actions correctivas that you/they help to the improvement I continue of the quality(AU)